Lo mbhalo kumele ufundwe njengengxenye yesitatimende sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke esibukeziwe samabanga R-9 (ezikoleni).
Umnyango wemfundo wethula ngokukhulu ukuziqhenya lesi sitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke samabanga R-9 (ezikoleni) ngazo zonke izilimi eziyishumi nanye zaseNingizimu Afrika.
Ukuhunyushwa kwalo msebenzi bekuyinto engelula neze. Isikhathi esiningi abantu abekade benza lo msebenzi wokuhumusha kade bephoqeleka ukuthi basungule amagama amasha kwezinye izindawo. Le mibhalo-ke ike yathunyelwa nakubantu abangongoti kulezi zilimi ukuthi nabo bayicubungule.
Umnyango wemfundo uthatha le mibhalo njengesiqalo sokukhulisa nokuthuthukisa izilimi zethu. Ngakho-ke sikhuthaza wonke umuntu osemkhakheni wemfundo ukuba ayisebenzise le mibhalo njengesisekelo senqubekelaphambili nokuzithuthukisa.
Ukuhlola umfundi -lesi sahluko sinikeza umhlahlandlela wemigomo yokuhlola yemfundo esekelwe phezu kwemiphumela, sidingida ukuhlola okuqhubekayo, siphinde sinikeze izibonelo zezindlela zokugcina amarekhodi.
Uhlu lwezincwadi zolwazi ezifundiwe lunikeza uhlelo lwezifundo jikelele kanye nohlu lokuhlola kanye nohlu olubhekene ngqo nalowo nalowo mkhakha wesifundo.
Ingaphakathi lale ncwadi lihlukaniswe laba yizahluko eziningana. Isahluko ngasinye sibhekene nalelo nalelo zinga lenhlanganisela yemfundo nokuqeqesha jikelele-Izinga eliyisisekelo, izinga eliphakathi, izinga eliphakeme Yileso naleso sahluko salamazinga sinengxenye emfushane eyisingeniso, izindlela zokuhlola zezinga ngalinye.
Izindlela zokuhlola zezinga ngalinye zethulwe ngendlela ezokwenza ukuthi inqubekelaphambili yokufundwayo ibonakale. Loku kusho ukuthi izindlela ezifanayo zokuhlola zebanga ngalinye zikleliswe zalandelana ukuze uthisha akwazi ukuqhathanisa inqubekelaphambili yokufundwayo ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Loku kwenza ukuthi kwezinye izindawo kube nezikhala , ngoba akuzona zonke izindlela zokuhlola ezinezifana nazo kuwo onke amabanga.
Imfundo esekelwe phezu kwemiphumela 1 Isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke: Izitatimende zemikhakha yezifundo 2 Isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke: izinhlelo zezifundo.
Incazelo 4 Isu elingeziwe ukubhekana nezilimi eziningi 5 Ulimi lokufunda nokufundisa 6 Inhloso 6 Izimpawu ezingajwayelekile kanye nomklamo 7 Umkhakha wesifundo sezilimi uluthelela kanjani uhlelo lwezifundo?
Umthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika, (Umthetho -108 ka-1996) unikeza isisekelo sokuguqulwa nokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokufunda eNingizimu Afrika.
Nokwakha iNingizimu Afrika ebuswa ngentando yeningi nebumbene futhi ezokwazi ukubamba iqhaza layo elifanele njengombuso ozimele phakathi kwezizwe ezahlukene zomhlaba.
Imfundo nohlelo lwezifundo kubamba iqhaza elinqala ekufinyeleleni kulezi zinhloso. Uhlelo lwezifundo luhlose ukuthuthukisa amandla okukwazi ukwenza yilowo nalowo mfundi abe yisakhamuzi esigcwele seNingizimu Afrika ebuswa ngentando yeningi.
Imfundo eyakhelwe phezu kwemiphumela.
Imfundo eyakkhelwe phezu kwemiphumela yakha isisekelo sohlelo lwezifundo eNingizimu Afrika . Izama ukuqikelela ukuthi bonke abafundi bakwazi ukuzuza ulwazi ngokusemandleni abo. Loku ikwenza ngokuthi ihlele leyo miphumela okufanele izuzwe umfundi nomfundi ekugcineni kwako konke okwenziwayo.
Nokukwazi ukukhombisa ukuqondisisa ukuthi umhlaba wakhiwe yinhlanganisela yezingxenye ezahlukene ngokuthi akwazi ukubona ukuthi ingqikithi yokuxazulula izinkinga ayikwazi ukuzimela yodwana ithi qekelele.
Abakwazi ukuthi bazame amaqhinga amaningana okukwazi ukufunda ngempumelelo.
Abakwazi ukubamba iqhaza njengezakhamuzi ezithembekile ekubhekeleni izimpilo zemiphakathi abakhe nayo ezindaweni abakuzo, kuzwelonke nasemhlabeni wonke jikelele.
Abakwazi ukuba nozwela nokuthinteka ngamasiko nobuhle obukhona ezimweni ezahlukene zokuhlalisana kwabantu emiphakathini eyehlukene.
Nokusungula amathuba ezohwebo.
Izindaba eziphathelene nobuphofu, ukungalingani, ukwehlukana ngokobuhlanga, ubulili, ubudala, ukukhubazeka, kanye nezinselelo ezifana nesandulela ngculazi nengculazi uqobo lwayo konke loku kunomthelela ezingeni nasendleleni abafundi abafunda ngayo esikoleni. Isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke samabanga R- 9 (ezikoleni)sona siqoka isu elididiyelayo ngokuthi sigqamise izidingo ezincanyana zabo bonke abafundi. Zonke izitatimende zemikhakha yezifundo zizama ukuqhakambisa ubudlelwane obukhona phakathi kwendlela eyiyo yokuhlalisana, amalungelo esintu, indawo ephephile enempilo ebazungezile kanye nokubandakanya wonke umuntu. Abafundi nabo bayakhuthazwa ukuthi bazi futhi baqonde kabanzi ngokungefani kwezinto ezweni lakithi ikakhulukazi uma sikhuluma ngamasiko, inkolo nobuzwe okuyizona zinto ezigqamayo kulokhu kungefani okukhona.
Isitatimende somkhakha wesifundo ngasinye sibonisa imiphumela yezifundo okufanele ukuba umfundi uyizuzile ekupheleni kwebanga lesi - 9. Isitatimende somkhakha wesifundo ngamunye ubeka obala nendlela yokuhlola okuyiyona engenza kuzuzeke imiphumela yezifundo njengoba isuke ilindelwe. Izindlela zokuhlola zichazwa kahle ibanga nebanga kubekwe obala futhi ububanzi nokudepha kolwazi okufanele abafundi balwazi nalokho okufanele bakwazi ukukwenza. Izindlela zokuhlola zaleso naleso sitatimende somkhakha wesifundo ziyakhombisa ukuthi ulwazi kanye namakhono kungathuthukiswa kanjani ekuhambeni kwesikhathi. Izindlela zokuhlola lezi zingahlanganiswa phakathi kwamabanga alinganayo khathisimbe zihlanganiswe phakathi kwamabanga angalingani. Ukukwazi ukwakha ubudlelwane ngokukwazi ukuhlanganisa amabanga nokukwazi ukuthuthukisa ulwazi ukusuka kuleli banga kuya kwelinye yikhona okuwumongo kulolu hlelo olusha lwezifundo.
Isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke sihlose ukuthuthukisa ukuzimisela nolwazi phakathi koth-isha, okuyibona abazobamba iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zabo zezifundo. Ukuze basekele lolu hlelo, umnyango wemfundo uzokwethula umgomo ongumhlahlandlela omiselwe kuleso naleso sitatimende somkhakha wesifundo ngasinye. Izifundazwe-ke zona nazo ziyoqhubeka zakhe eyazo imihlahlandlela eyobhekana nesimo sokwehlukana esikhona ukuze kubhekelwe ukwehluka kwezifundazwe.
Imigomo kanye nalokho okusemqoka okutholakala esitatimendeni esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke nasez-itatimendeni zemikhakha yezifundo yikhona okuwumgogodla wezinhlelo zokufunda. Njengoba imikhakha yezifundo yona igcizelela ekuzuzweni kolwazi, amakhono kanye nalokho okusemqoka emfundweni ibanga nebanga, izinhlelo zezifundo zona zigcizelela kakhulu umklamo wokuzofundwa kanye nendlela imisebenzi eyenziwe ezohlolwa ngayo kulelo nalelo zinga lemfundo. Izinhlelo zezifundo nazo ziqukethe uhlu lomsebenzi okufanele wenziwe lapho okusuke kuvezwe khona ijubane okufanele wemziwe ngalo nendlela okufanele ulandelane ngayo unyaka nonyaka kanye nesi-bonelo sohlelo lwesifundo okufanele sisetshenziswe esikhathini esinikeziwe.
Ezingeni eliyisisekelo, zintathu izinhlelo zezifundo: Ukukwazi ukufunda nokubhala, ukukwazi ukubala (ukusebenza ngezinombolo) kanye nolwazi lwezempilo.
Ezingeni eliphakathi, Ulwazi lwezilimi kanye nezibalo kuhlale kuyizinhlelo zezifundo ezizimele ngazodwana. Ezinye izinhlelo zezifundo kufanele zisungulwe yizikole emuva kokuba sebethole imvume emnyangweni wemfundo wesifun-dazwe. Izifundazwe ngokwazo kufanele zisungule izinqumo ngenhlanganisela yezifundo ezingenziwa isifundazwe sonke ezingeni eliphakathi. Ezingeni eliphezulu kunezinhlelo eziyisishiyagalombili zezinhlelo zezifundo ezisuselwa emikhakheni yezifundo. Ukwabiwa kwesikhathi kulowo nalowo mkhakha kumiselwe onke amabanga namazinga.
Yileso naleso sitatimende somkhakha wesifundo sifaka ingxenye ebanzi yokuhlola. Uhlaka olusekelwe phezu kwemi-phumela lusebenzisa izindlela zokuhlola ezikwaziyo ukubhekela izingqikithi ezahlukene. Ukuhlola lokhu kufanele kubeke obala indlela umfundi ngayo ulwazi ngempumelelo nangemfanelo, bese futhi kuqikelela ukuthi abafundi bayahlanganyela futhi bayawasebenzisa namakhono abanawo. Ukuhlola lokhu kumele futhi kusize abafundi ukuthi bakwazi ukuthatha izinqumo ngabakwenzayo, nangezinhloso abazibekele zona ngenqubekelaphambili yabo nokuthi bafunde baqhubeke.
Bonke othisha kanye nabanye abafundisi baneqhaza elinqala ekuguquleni imfundo eNingizimu Afrika. Lesi sitatemende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke samabanga R-9 (ezikoleni) sihlose ukuba nothisha abaqeqeshiwe, abanolwazi olufanele, abazinikele nabanesineke. Bazokwazi ukufeza izidingo njengoba zibekiwe ngokwezinkambiso namazinga avumelekile othisha. Lapha kubandakanywa ukuthi babe abaxazululi ezinkingeni ezingahle zibe khona ekufundeni, babe abahumushi bemfundo kanye nabaqophi bezinhlelo zokufunda nezinsizakufunda, babe abaholi abaphathi nabongameli bemfundo, babe abafunde kakhulu, babe abacwaningi, babe abafundi abafuna ulwazi oluthile kwasabona uqobo lwabo, babe amalunga omphakathi, babe yizakhamuzi nabelusi bemfundo, babe abehluleli nongoti kulowo nalowo mkhakha okanye kulelo nalelo zinga lemfundo.
Ukugqugquzelwa kwalezo zinto ezisemqoka empilweni akukhona ukuthi kubaluleke kuphela uma kukhulunywa ngentuthuko yomuntu kodwa-ke nasekuqikeleleni ukuthi izinkomba zobuzwe baseNingizimu Afrika ziyagqanyiswa kungafaniswa nangalesiya sikhathi semfundo yesikhathi sobandlululo. Uhlobo lomfundi olulindelekile yilolo olunelukuluku lenkuthazo esukela kulezo zinto ezisemqoka futhi oluzokwazi ukubhekana nezidingo zomphakathi owakhelwe phezu kwentando yeningi, okuwukulingana, ukuhlonishwa kwesithunzi somuntu, impilo kanye nenhlaliswano eyiyo yomphakathi. Uhlelo lwemfundo luzama ukwakha umfundi oyofunda impilo yakhe yonke, ozethembayo, ozimele, okwaziyo ukufunda nokubhala, okwaziyo ukubala, onamakhono amaningi ehlukahlukene, onobubele, oyihloniphayo imvelo emzungezile nonekhono lokuhlanganyela emphakathini njengesakhamuzi esihlelekile nesikhuthele.
Izilimi ezigunyazwe umkhandlu wezilimi waseNingizimu Afrika, (PANSALB) nomkhandlu waseNingizimu Afrika ogunyaza izitifiketi (SAFCERT) ezinjengolimi olusetshenziswa yilabo abangaboni emehlweni (iBreyili) kanye nalolo limi lwezimpawu lwaseNingizimu Afrika olusetshenziswa yizithulu nezimungulu.
Umkhakha wezilimi wethulwa ngezingxenye ezintathu kulolo nalolo limi olusemthethweni, kube ukuthi yilolo nalolo lunomthamo walo. Lezi zingxenye ezintathu yilezi: ulimi umntwana aluncele ebeleni, ulimi lokuqala olwengeziwe kanye nolimi lwesibili olwengeziwe.
Ezweni elisebenzisa izilimi eziningi njengaleli laseNingizimu Afrika, kubalulekile ukuthi abafundi bafunde baze bafike ezingeni eliphezulu lolwazi okungenani kwezimbili izilimi zalezi zilimi ezisemthethweni nokuthi bakwazi ukuxhumana nabanye ngalezi ezinye izilimi.
Umkhakha wesifundo sezilimi uyizithupha ziya ogwayini nomgomo womnyango wemfundo mayelana nolimi okufanele lusetshenziswe kwezemfundo. Lo mgomo unikeza amabhodi alawula izikole igunya lokukhetha ngokomgomo ulimi okufanele oluvumelana nezimo ababhekene nazo noluzohambisana nomgomo wokuthi abantu bazi ulimi olungaphezu kolulodwa kwezisemthethweni ukubhekana nesimo selimi eziningi. Isitatimende somkhakha wesifundo sezilimi siletha uhlelo lokufunda oluvuna nanoma yisiphi isinqumo isikole esinokusithatha.
Ukuthi bonke abafundi kumele bafunde ulimi abaluncela lwebele kanye nokungenani olulodwa olwengeziwe olusemthethweni.
Ukuthi abafundi kumele babe zingcweti olimini lwesibili olwengeziwe, lube kodwa nolwabo lwebele lujiya lujula emithanjeni yabo ngokwentuthuko.
Ukuthi bonke abafundi kumele bafunde ulimi lwendabuko lwaseAfrika okungenani iminyaka engengaphansi kwemithathu lingakapheli leli zinga lenhlanganisela yemfundo nokuqeqesha okujwayelekile. Kwesinye isikhathi lungafundwa lolu limi njengolimi olwengeziwe lwesibili.
Ukuthi izindlela zokuhlola olimini lwebele zithatha ngokuthi umfundi uthi efika esikolene ebe esekwazi ukuzwa nokukhuluma ulimi lolo lwethunga. Lezi zindlela ziyakusekela ukuthuthukiswa kwalolu lwazi, ikakhulukazi mayelana nolwazi lokufunda nokubhala lapho kubhekwa khona kakhulu ukufunda, ukubhala, ukubuka imibhalo ebhaliwe nezithombe kanye nekhono lokuhlaziya okubhaliwe. Lezi zindlela zisebenzisa uhlelo lwemfundo olunamandla okweseka ulimi lokufunda nokufundisa.
Ulimi olwengeziwe lokuqala lona luthatha ngokuthi abafundi basuke bengenalo ulwazi lwalolu limi olusha uma befika esikoleni. Uhlelo lokufunda luthi lusuka phansi amagqoza lube lwakha indlela umfundi angakwazi ngayo ukuqonda nokukhuluma ulimi lolo olusuke lulusha kuye. Kulesi sisekelo lolu hlelo lwakha indlela yokufunda ukufunda nokubhala. Abafundi bayakwazi ukusebenzisa ulwazi lwabo lokufunda nokubhala abasuke beluthole olimini lwabo lwebele/lwethunga bese belwedlulisela ekufundeni lolu olusha olwengeziwe lokuqala. Uhlelo lwemfundo lunikeza usizo olukhulu kulabo bafundi abayosebenzisa ulimi lwabo lokuqala olwengeziwe njengolimi lokufunda nokufundisa. Ekupheleni kwebanga lesi-9, laba bafundi kusuke sekufanele ukuthi bakwazi ukusebenzisa ulimi lwabo lwethunga/lwebele nolimi olwengeziwe lokuqala ngendlela eyiyo nangokuzethemba ngokwezinhloso eziningana ezahlukene nokufunda.
Ulimi olwengeziwe lwesibili lona lwenzelwe labo bafundi abasuke befisa ukufunda izilimi ezintathu. Lolu limi lungaba olusemthethweni noma olwezizwe. Izindlela zokuhlola ziyaqikelela ukuthi abafundi bayakwazi ukusebenzisa ulimi lwebele ngenhloso yokuxhumana. Lezi zindlela zikholelwa ekutheni sincane isikhathi okufanele sabelwe ukufunda ulimi lwesibili olwengeziwe kunesokufunda ulimi lwebele noma olwengeziwe lokuqala.
Nolimi olwengeziwe lwesibili.
Kubekwa umbono wokuthi ulimi lwebele lomfundi kumele lusetshenziselwe ukufunda nokufundisa lapho kungaphumelelekanga khona. Loku kusemqoka kakhulu eZingeni leMfundo eYisisekelo lapho abafundi befunda ukufunda nokubhala.
Ulimi olwengeziwe kumele lufakwe njengesifundo ngokushesha kusaqalwa.
Ulimi lwebele kumele baqhubeke balusebenzisele ukufunda nokufundisa baluhambise nolwengeziwe isikhathi eside nje impela.
Lapho abafundi bengena esikoleni lapho ulimi lokufunda nokufundisa kungolwengeziwe kumfundi, othisha nesikole kumele bahlele izindlela ezingajwayelekile zokusiza nokulekelela umfundi ukuba afunde ulimi olwengeziwe, kuze kufike isikhathi lapho umfundi ekwazi ukufunda ngempumelelo olimini lokufunda nokufundisa.
Izilimi ziyizisekelo sempilo yethu. Sixoxisana siqonde kahle ngomhlaba wethu ngokusebenzisa ulimi. Ulimi-ke lwakha ubuthina kanye nolwazi esinalo.
Izilimi ziveza izinjongo ezahlukehlukene, ezibonakala esiTatimendeni somkhakha wokuFunda weZilimi.
Ubuwena - ukugcina ukuthuthukisa nokushintsha ubuwena;ukugcina ubudlelwano emndenini nasemphakathini; kanye nokuzikhulisa nokuzijabulisa.
Ukufunda - ukuthuthukisa izikhali zokucabanga nokucabangisisa, kanye nokunikeza amathuba ukuthola ulwazi.
Ukusebenzisa imizwa - Ukwakha , ukuhumusha nokudlala ngomcabango ngeziqephu zomlomo, ezibukwayo kanye nezibhalwayo.
Kwezamasiko - ukuzwisisa nokwazisa ezinye izilimi namasiko, kanye nokuyigugu okuhambisana nazo.
Kwezombusazwe - Ukuzethemba nokucela inselele kwabanye ngento ongayiboni kahle eyenziwa omunye umuntu; ukwenza abantu babone izinto ngendlela obona ngayo; ukuzibeka wena noma omunye umuntu ngendlela yokuthi abantu bathole esinye isithombe ngawe noma ngabo; ukugcina, ukuthuthukisa nokushintsha ubuwena.
Ukuhlolisisa - ukuqonda kahle ukuhlobana phakathi kolimi, amandla nobuwena, nokucela inselele ekumelaneni nasekusetshenzisweni kolimi namandla ngendlela engafanele; ukuqonda ukuthi amasiko ayashintshashintsha; nokwenqaba ukulandela uvo lomunye umuntu nokuba kwakhiwe isithombe esithile ngawe lapho kudingeka khona.
Izimpawu ezingajwayelekile kanye nomklamo.
Umkhakha wesifundo sezilimi uluthelela kanjani uhlelo lwezifundo?
Uthuthukisa ukufunda nokubhala, okuyisisekelo esisemqoka sokufunda ezinye izinto. Kufundwa ngazo ezinye izifundo njengeMetametikisi neSayensi yezokuhlalisana kwabantu. Ukugqugquzela ukuzwisisa ukuhlobana kwamasiko , ukufinyelela kweminye imibono nokuzwisisa ukuthi ayiniamasiko. Uvusa usinga lokucabanga nokuqamba imisebenzi edinga acabange, ngaleyo ndlela ugqugquzela izinjongozobuciko namasiko. Ukunikeza indlela yolwazi, nokuthuthukisa izinjongo eziningi zesayensi, ubuchwepheshe nezifundo ngemvelo. Ukuthuthukisa izikhali zokuhlolisisa izinto abazidingayo ukuze babe yizakhamuzi ezithembekile.
Izilimi: zihlanganisa ulwazi, amakhono nokuyigugu.
Imiphumela emi-4 yokuqala imayelana namakhono amahlanu ahlukene olimi ukulalela, ukukhuluma, ukufunda, ukubuka nokubhala.
Umphumela wesi-5 ubhekene nokusetshenziswa kwezilimi ekucabangeni nasekucabangisiseni okubaluleke ngempela ekufundeni nasekufundisweni kwabafundi.
Umphumela wesi-6 ubhekene ngqo nolwazi lolimi - imisindo, amagama nohlelo - kusetshenziswe eziqephini. Lolu lwazi lutholakala ngokusebenzisa amakhono olimi achaziwe kweminye imiphumela yezifundo.
Le miphumela yokufunda ibhalelwe ukubhekana ngqo nezinhlobo ezithile zolwazi namakhono, nokuyigugu kucace kuzwakale kahle. Uma sisebenzisa ulimi, kepha sihlanganise ulwazi, amakhono nalokho okwaziswayo ukubeka imibono yethu. Okusemqoka ngalesisiTatimende senkundla yesifundo yeZilimi wukuhlanganisa lamakhono olimi ngokuthi kubhalwe futhi kuhunyushwe iziqephu ezifake lamakhono.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukulalela ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, aphendule ngendlela efanele nangokuhlolisisa ezimweni eziningi ezahlukahlukene.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukuxhumana nabanye ngokuzethemba nangendlela ezwakalayo nefanele ezimweni eziningi ezahlukahlukene.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukufunda abuke imibhalo ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, ananele ngokuhlolisisa amasiko nalokho okwaziswayo okuthinta imizwa.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukubhala izinhlobo ezahlukehlukene zemibhalo eyiqiniso nezicatshangwayo ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukusebenzisa ulimi ukucabanga nokucabangisisa, ukuze afinyelele elwazini, aluhlaziye, bese elusebenzisa ekufundeni.
Umfundi unolwazi futhi uyakwazi ukusebenzisa imisindo, amagama kanye nohlelo lolimi, ukuziqambela nokuhumusha imibhalo.
Nakuba ukulalela nokukhuluma, ukufunda nokubuka, ukubhala, ukucabanga nokucabangisisa, nolwazi lwemisindo, amagama kanye nohlelo kwethulwe njengemiphumela ehlukene, kumele kuhlanganiswe uma ufundisa noma uhlola.
Balalela uhlobo oluthile lwesiqephu (isib. lapho kuchazwa indlela yokwenza okuthile njengokwembiwa kwegolide nokwakhiwa kwephepha).
Baqambe bese bakha isiqephu esisha esifana nesinye , befakela izinto zokwakhiwa ezifana neshadi lengqondo eligelezayo.
Ukuze bakwazi ukuqamba nokuhumusha iziqephu, abafundi badinga ulwazi ngolimi, ulwazi ngeziqephu, namakhono namasu asetshenziswa olimini.
Nohlobo lombhalo - inhloso, isihloko, nezithameli.
Nesakhiwo sombhalo, isibonelo senkondlo noma isaziso.
Nendlela eyamukelekile yokusebenzisa ulimi ekuhlalisaneni kwabantu namasiko abantu, isib. indlela yokubingelela abantu ngezilimi ezahlukahlukene.
Nohlelo imisindo kanye nolwazimagama lolimi.
Nokubhala nobhalomagama, embhalweni obhaliwe.
Nemifanekiso nezakhiwo ezakhiwe ngemfanelo emibhalweni ezibukwayo.
Yonke imibhalo inokuyigugu kwabantu, okungaba kuhle (isib. intando yeningi) noma kube kubi (isib. Ukubandlulula ngobuhlanga, nangobulili). Okuyigugu akubonakali njalo. Abafundi kudingeka baqaphelisise futhi babhekisise okuyigugu uma befunda noma bebuka iziqephu abazitholayo nalezo abaziqambela zona.
Funda ukuthi iziqephu ziveza umbono wabantu nezehlakalo ezithile.
Thuthukisa amakhono okuhlaziya nokuhlolisisa, uma kunesidingo, bayophikisana ngalemibono nokuyigugu okuhambisana nako.
Bonisa ukuthi bethula okuyigugu kuziqephu abazakhele zona - isibonelo: ukubekezelelana, ukuzwelana nabanye, ukuhlonipha, ukuzithokozisa, ukuba namahlaya, ukuthanda ukudlala, ukungathokozi, nentukuthelo.
Ukufunda ulimi kungahlanganiswa futhi ngezindikimba. Ukusebenzisa indikimba ethile kuvumela umfundi ukuba akhe ulwazimagama oluhambisana nesihloko.
Ukukhetha izindikimba nezihloko ngokucophelela kunikeza umfundi ugqozi lokufunda.
Ukuthola izihloko nezindikimba ezithokozelwa ngabafana namantombazane, nabafundi abahlala ezindaweni ezisemakhaya nezisemadolobheni-nezindikimba ezihlanganisa zonke izinhlobo zabafundi.
Ukukhetha izihloko eziphathelene nezimpilo zabafundi, ziphinde futhi zibafundise nokunye abangakwazi,. Isib.bazofunda ngokwenzeka kwamanye amazwe nakwamanye amasiko.
Ukukhetha izindikimba nezihloko ezihambisana nemiphumela jikelele nemiphumela ethuthukisayo/ ekhulisayo. Isibonelo, abafundi kumele babhekane nezindaba eziphathelene namalungelo oluntu asemqoka kanye nezindaba eziphathelene nendawo yabo, njengobuphofu, isandulela ngculazi/ingculazi, ilungelo lokuba nomhlaba, kanye nobhekela okulusizo kubathengi.
Amalungelo esintu nobulungiswa obuphathelene nendawo yabo.
Izilimi yisikhali esibalulekile okungatholakala ngaso amalungelo esintu nobulungiswa obuphathelene nezendawo obakuyo. Ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuhlola isitatimende somkhakha wesifundo sezilimi siqonde ukusithuthukisa ngokuphelele lesi sikhali. Abafundi kumele babe abakhulumi abazithembayo bezilimi ezimbili (noma eziningi) abanezikhali zokuhlaziya ezibenza bakwazi ukufunda umhlaba wabo kanye neziqephu ezikhulunywa futhi zibhalwe ngawo. Kumele bakwazi ukuzihlaziya lezi ziqephu 'bazibhale kabusha' ngezindlela ezenzazandise amathuba ahambelane namalungelo esintu kanye nobulungiswa obuphathelene nendawo yabo.
Bonke abafundi bafika esikoleni sebenolwazi oluningi ngolimi lwabo lwebele. Lolu lwazi baluthole ngezindlela ezahlukehlukene bexhumana nabanye abantu emakhaya abo bebakhulisa bebadlalisa. Ngenxa yokuba amakhaya ahlukene, ulwazi izingane eziza nalo esikoleni lwehlukene. Kodwa, abakwaziyo kumele kusetshenziswe ekuthuthukiseni ulimi lwabo. Loku kusemqoka ekukhuliseni bona ngokwabo, ekusebenzisaneni kwabo nabanye abantu ekufundeni kwabo nasekwazini ngomhlaba obazungezile.
Ulwazi lomfundi afika nalo.
Indawo lapho befundela khona.
Izimiso nezindlela ezeluleka uhlelo lwezifundo.
Uma abafundi bengena ebangeni R no-1, basuke sebefunde okuningi ngokulalela, benolwazi olushiyanayo lokukhuluma ngokuzethemba. Bakhuliswe ngamasiko nolwazi olukhona emakhaya, kanti loku kuyingxenye yolwazi lwabo lolimi. Indlu yokufundela kumele kube indawo elujabulelayo lolu lwazi abanalo, iluhloniphe, yakhele phezu kwalo.
Umgomo oweluleka uhlelo lwezifundo mayelana nokufundiswa nokufundwa kokufunda nokubhala (ilitheresi) sithi ulimi luthuthuka kancane kancane. Amaphutha avamile ukwenzeka njengengxenye yokuthuthuka. Ulimi lwabafundi luyothuthuka luze lulunge uma belekelelwa benikwa namathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa ulwazi namakhono abo olimi.
Kulolu hlelo lwezifundo, kusetshenziswe 'indlela elinganayo' ekuthuthukiseni ukufunda nokubhala (ilitheresi). Le ndlela ilinganisiwe ngoba iqala ngokusekela izingane ekubhaleni nasekufundeni kwazo okusafufusa, izingane zinikezwa amathuba okufunda imibhalo yangempela nawokubhala izimo zangempela ibhekana ngqo nemisindo. Lezi izinto okudingeka abafundi bazazi futhi bazenze ukuze bafunde ukufunda nokubhala ngempumelelo. Ekufundeni amabhuku, loku kusho ukusuka 'endleleni eyayithi izingane kumele ziku-lungele kuqala ukufunda nokubhala baze bakwazi ukusebenzisa amakhono amancane afana nowokwahlukanisa phakathi kwakuzwayo nakubonayo bathuthukise amakhono abo amancane nandisiwe ezingeni elithile.
Akudingekile ukuba umfundi abe nawo kuqala ngaphambi kokuba aqale ukufunda nokubhala.
Angathuthukiswa, futhi kumele athuthukiswe, izingane zisencane olwazini lokufunda.
Uhlelo lwezifundo lwezilimi luthi abafundi baqala ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lolimi olubhaliwe kusukela mhla benikwa amathuba okufunda nokubhala ekhaya, endaweni abakuyo nasezinkulisa. Lokhu kuba yinto eqhubekayo futhi edinga ukuqhutshwa nasekilasini. Isimo sekilasi kumele sikhuthaze abafundi futhi sikhulise amakhono abo okuba ngabafundi nababhala.
Ukugqugquzela ukusebenzisa ulimi.
Sigqugquzele seseke abafundi ukuba bafunde imibhalo enhlobonhlobo.
Sinikeze abafundi amathuba amaningi okubhala nokuthuthukisa ulwazi-magama nokusetshenziswa kolimi.
Ukuthuthukisa amakhono ahlukene okukhumbula nokuqondisisa njengokukwazi ukuqaphelisisa imisindo yolimi.
Ulwazi lokuhlanganisa (ukuhlanganisa izinhlamvu ezimbili noma ezintathu ukwenza umsindo).
Ukuhlanganisa Imiphumela yesifundo.
Imiphumela yesifundo kumele ibonakale isebenzisana ekuthuthukiseni ulimi lwabafundi. Ekuqaleni kwemithetho yokulinganisa ukuhlola, kunezibonelo zeziqephu ezinikiwe (ezethulwa ngomlomo, ezibhaliwe/ezibukwayo, nezinsiza-kuxhumana ezinhlobonhlobo) ezisiza abafundi nothisha ukwenza lolu hlobo lokuhlanganisa. Khumbula: abafundi ngeke balindeleke ukukhuluma ulimi abangakaze baluzwe, noma ukubhala nokukhipha iziqephu abangakaze bazifunde noma bazibone.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukulalela ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, aphendule ngendlela efanele nangokuhlolisisa ezimweni eziningi ezahlukehlukene.
Amakhono okulalela abafundi abafika esikoleni benawo kumele athuthukiswe asetshenziswe ukwandisa amakhono abo okukhuluma, ukufunda, ukubuka nokubhala. Ukulalela ngokunanela ikona okubalulekile ekufundeni nasekwakheni ubudlelwano obuhle nabanye abantu. Abafundi bangalalela ukwandisa ulwazi lolimi namasiko abo kanye nolwezinye izilimi.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukuxhumana nabanye ngokuzethemba nangendlela ezwakalayo nefanele ezimweni eziningi ezahlukahlukene.
Abafundi kumele bakwazi ukusebenzisa amakhono abo okuxoxisana ngokuzwakalayo benanele amasiko nezilimi zezinye izizwe Ulwazi abanalo kumele lubafundise ukuthi ulwazi lwezilimi eziningi luyakhulisa futhi lwenza abantu bahlalisane kahle. Kumele bafunde izindlela zokuxhumana nabantu abakhubazekile ekukhulu-meni nasekuzweni, bazikhathalele nezidingo zabo.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukufunda abuke iziqephu ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, ananele ngokuhlolisisa amasiko nalokho okwaziswayo okuthinta imizwa.
Ukufunda imibhalo ngenhloso yokuqondisisa yiyona njongo esemqoka. Ukusebenzisa amasu namaqhinga asiza abafundi ukuba bafunde ngendlela efanele kuyabalekelela ukuba baqondisise lokho abakufundayo. Ukufunda (kukhona okubonwayo kanye nezinsiza kuxhumana eziningi) kuyadingeka ekuthuthukiseni ulimi, ukufunda ukubhala, ukuzijabulisa, ukuthuthukisa ubuyena, nokufunda ngomhlaba.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukubhala izinhlobo ezahlukehlukene zemibhalo eyiqiniso nezicatshangwayo ngezinhloso eziningi ezahlukahlukene.
Ezingeni eliyiSisekelo, abafundi basebenzela ukufinyelela kulo mphumela. Bafunda ukuthi ukubhala kunomqondo okuwudlulisayo, nokuthi bona -ke bangababhali balowo mqondo. Bathuthukisa amakhono okubhala, ukuze bakwazi ukubhala phansi imiqondo nemicabango yabo ukuze ifundwe yibo nabanye abantu. Bafunda ukusebenzisa inqubo yokubhala evumelekile njengopelomagama nokufaka izimpawu zenkulumo ukwenza abakubhalayo kuzwakale kwabanye. Bafunda ukuthi ukubhala kuyinto eqhubekayo efaka: Ukulungiselela ukubhala, ukwenza uhlaka, ukubukeza, ukuhlola amaphutha ukwenza imidwebo kanye nohlela okubhaliwe.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukusebenzisa ulimi ekucabangeni nasekucabangisiseni, ukuze afinyelele elwazini, aluhlaziye, bese elusebenzisa ekufundeni.
Amakhono abalulwa kulo mphumela ayingxenye yawo wonke amakhono okufunda ulimi. Isizathu sokuwafaka ngaphansi komphumela wokufunda owehlukile ukugqamisa ubumqoka bawo ekuthuthukiseni ulimi nakwezinye izinkundla zokufunda. Izilimi zingachazwa njengenkundla yokufunda "evula wonke amasango": ngoba yizona ezenza abafundi baqondisise kahle lokho abakufunda kwezinye izinkundla zokufunda. Yingakho-ke kumele othisha bangayeki ukuzithuthukisa, bazigxilise, bazizikise lezi zikhali zolimi zokucabanga nokucabangisisa. Kodwa-ke lokhu akumele kuzimele kodwa- abafundi kumele bawasebenzise lamakhono kuzo zonke izinkundla zokufunda.
Umfundi unolwazi futhi uyakwazi ukusebenzisa imisindo, amagama kanye nohlelo lolimi ukuziqambela nokuhumusha imibhalo.
Abafundi bazoqala ukuhlola ukuthi ulimi lusebenza kanjani. Bayoqala ukuthuthukisa ulimi olukhuluma ngolimi. Isibonelo, bazofunda ukusebenzisa amagama anjengalawa: 'umsindo', 'ilunga', 'igama', 'umusho', 'ungqi' . Lokhu kuyobasiza lapho bebonisana becabanga ngokwenzeka olimini njengokupelwa kwamagama, ukwakhiwa kwemisho nokufaka izimpawu zenkulumo nokunye.
Ezigabeni ezilandelayo, izindlela zokuhlola yomphumela ngamunye izonikezwa ibanga ngebanga. Ekuqaleni kwebanga ngalinye, kunikezwa izibonelo zeziqephu ezingasetshenziswa ukuhlanganisa ukufundwa kolimi. Lezi akuzona zodwa izibonelo ezinganikezwa, ungazandisa ngokukhetha noma yiziphi ezinye iziqephu ezifanele nezitholakalayo.
Imiyalo elula eya ngokuya iba lukhuni.
UKULALELA Loku kubonakala uma umfundi ekwazi: Umfundi uzokwazi ukulalela ukuze atholeulwazi nokuzijabulisa aphendule ngendlela Ukulalela ngokucophelela lapho ebuzwa imibuzo, efanele nangokuhlolisisa ezimweni imiyalo nezimemezelo aphendule ngendlela efanele. ezahlukehlukene.
Ukukhombisa indlela yokulalela ngaphandle kokungena omunye emlonyeni, ekhombisa ukuhlonipha okhulumayo, elinda ithuba lakhe lokukhuluma.
Ukudlala ingxenye ethile yendaba, ingoma noma umgqumo.
Ukungena acule nabanye ngesikhathi esifanele.
Ukudweba isithombe sendaba, ingoma noma umgqumo.
Ukubeka izithombe ngokulandelana kwazo.
Ukuthuthukisa ukuqaphela imisindo yamagama.
Ukubona ukuthi amagama akhiwe ngemisindo.
Ukwahlukanisa imisindo eyehlukene ikakhulu ekuqaleni nasekugcineni kwamagama.
Ukucozulula umusho ube ngamagama azimele (aqale ngokusebenzisa amagama alunganye).
Ukucozulula amagama akhulunywayo anhlamvuningi abe ngamalunga ahlukene (njengo: gi-ji-ma) eshaya izandla noma isigubhu.
Ukubona amagama anomgqumo emilolozelweni ejwayelekile nasemaculweni.
UKUKHULUMA Umfundi ukwazi ukuxoxisana ngokuzethemba nangendlela efanele ekusebenziseni ulimi ezimweni ezahlukehlukene. L oku kubonakala uma umfundi ekwazi: Ukuxoxa ngomndeni nabangane. Ukuphinda axoxe ngolwazi lwakhe ngempilo.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi ngamehlo engqondo enzela ukuzithokozisa nokuzicabangela kamnandi (isib. Ukwakha amagama anomgqumo).
Ukukhombisa imizwa yakhe neyabantu bempela nabantu abacabangayo.
Ukubuza imibuzo lapho engaqondi khona noma lapho edinga khona ukwazi nokuphendula imibuzo ngokucacile.
Ukubamba iqhaza ngokuzethemba eqenjini ekhuluma kuzwakale.
Ukuxoxa izindaba nokuphinda axoxe izindaba ezixoxwe ngabanye ngawakhe amagama.
Ukulingisa izihlobo ezahlukehlukene zezindlela zokukhuluma (isibonelo, uma exoxa nomuntu ocingweni).
Ukubhekisisa imidwebo nezithombe ukuze akwazi kanye nokuyigugu emibhalweni.
Ukuthola umqondo wendaba exoxwa ngezithombe.
Ukuqhathanisa izithombe namagama.
Ukusebenzisa izithombe ukuze aqonde izihlokwana ezilula ezincwadini zezindaba.
Ukubamba incwadi ngendlela efanele, aphendule amakhasi ngendlela efanele, abheke amagama nezithombe azwisise ukuhambelana phakathi kwazo, asebenzise izithombe ukwakha imiqondo.
Ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezithombe nokushicilelweisib (ngokukhomba amagama kunezithombe uma"befunda").
Ukuzwisisa inhloso yalokho okushicilelwe - ukuthi kudlulisa umqondo othile (isib. ukuthi igama elibhaliwe lingamela igama lakhe).
Ukuxhumanisa ulwazi lwakhe nalokho uma efunda nothisha "efunda"izincwadi, ebukela ithelevishini noma izithombe.
UKUFUNDA NOKUBUKELA Umfundi uzokwazi ukufunda nokubukela Ukuqala abone futhi aqondisise izinhlamvu namagama.
ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, ananele ngokuhlaziya izinzwa, ezamasiko kanye nokuyigugu emibhalweni.
Ukufunda' incwadi yezithombe enezihloko noma imisho elula.
Ukubona abize izinhlamvu ezijwayelekile ze-alfabhethi njengohlamvu lokuqala lwegama lakhe.
Ukubona amagama akhombisa umgqumo emilolozelweni nasemaculweni. Ajwayelekile njengo- "Owa mntwana, Owa mntwana !"
Ukwakha izinhlamvu ngezindlela ezahlukehlukene (isib. ngokusebenzisa umzimba ukukhombisa izimo, ukubhala enhlabathini).
Ukuqondisisa ukuthi ukubhala nokudweba kwehlukene.
Ukubhala' bese ebuza abanye incazelo yalokho akubhalile.
Ukukhuluma ngomdwebo nombhalo azenzele wona.
Ukusebenzisa izinhlamvu nezinombolo azaziyo (noma okusazinhlamvu nokusazinombolo) ukubhala lokho akufunayo, ikakhulukazi izinhlamvu ezivela egameni lakhe nezikhombisa iminyaka yakhe.
Ukufunda' umbhalo wakhe ofufusayo uma ecelwa ukuba enze njalo.
Ukukhombisa ekuzameni kwakhe ukubhala ukuthi uyazi ukuthi kubhalwa kanjani (isib.aqale kwesokunene aye kwesokudla, asuke phezulu aye phansi).
Ukuzama ukubhala izinto ezijwayelekile, esebenzisa izinhlamvu azaziyo (isib. izinhlu, imilayezo noma izincwadi).
Ukusebenzisa izikhali zokubhala njengamapeni emibala nawomsizi.
Ukukhombisa ukuthuthuka kolwazi lwamagama nasekusebenziseni ulwazi ekufundeni. aphathelene (nenani, ubungako, umumo, izinkomba, umbala, isivinini, isikhathi, ubudala, ukulandelanisa).
Ukubeka ndawonye izinto ezihambisanayo nokuqhathanisa izinto ezingafani.
Ukuhlunga aqoqele ndawonye izinto azibeke ngononina isib. ukufaka izinto zokudlala ebhokisini, ukubeka izincwadi eshalufini, nokunye.
Ukubona izingxenye zento ephelele (isib. izitho zomzimba).
Ukunikeza incazelo yokuthi wenza kanjani, wenzelani, kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga.
UKWAKHIWA NOKUSETSHENZISWA Loku kubonakala uma umfundi ekwazi: KOLIMI.
Ukubona ukuthi amagama akhiwe yimisindo. nokuhumusha iziqephu.
Ukuqoqela ndawonye amagama isib. amagama onomgqigqo, amagama aneziqalo ezifanayo, isib. umama, ubaba, ubhuti, usisi.
Ukubona igama, uhlamvu, nesikhala embhalweni.
Ukuxoxa ngeziqephu (isib.izindaba exoxwayo) esebenzisa amagama anjengalawa 'isingeniso', 'umzimba', 'nesiphetho'.
Izindaba ezilandisayo isib.
Izindaba ezilula Izinhlu (isib. Izinhlu zezinto eziyothengwa). Imiyalo (isib. uyenza kanjani indizamshini yephepha) Ukuchazwa kwezinto ezilula Iziqephu ezilula ezinolwazi (isib. izincwadi ngezakhiwo, izilwane, amagobolondo) Izinkinga ezibekwe ngamagama (imetametikisi) Izinkondlo Imidlalo (isib.umdlalo phezu kwebhodi) Izincwadi zezithombe Imiphico yezithombe Amashadi alula Izincwadi zolwazi isib.
Izindaba ezilandisayo isib.
Izingoma Amaculo Izibongo Imidlalo Okuqoshwe yiziqophamazwi isib.
Izindaba ezilandisayo isib.
Izincwadi (ezisunguliwe neziyiqiniso) Amaphephandaba Izincwadi zolwazi (izichaza-magama, ama-ensayiklopidiya ezingane, izincwadi ezivela kwezinye izinkundla zokufunda) Ikhasi eliveza okuqukethwe yincwadi kanye nezinkomba ezisekugcineni kwencwadi Ukubukeza izincwadi ezilula Amaphamfulethi [amapheshana] Izikhangiso Ukugcwaliswa kwamafomu (isib.
Izinsiza kuxhumana ezinhlobonhlobo.
UKULALELA Loku kubonakala uma umfundi ekwazi: Umfundi uzokwazi ukulalela ukuze atholeulwazi nokuzijabulisa aphendule ngendlela Ukulalela ngokucophelela , imiyalo nezimemezeloefanele nangokuhlolisisa ezimweni aphendule ngendlela efanele.ezahlukehlukene.
Ukukhombisa indlela efanele yokulalela ngaphandle kokungena omunye emlonyeni, akhombise inhlonipho kulowo okhulumayo, alinde ithuba lakhe lokukhuluma, abuze nemibuzo lapho edinga khona incazelo.
Ukulalela ngenhloso yokuthola umongo nemininingwane esemqoka endabeni.
Ukulingisa izingxenye ezithile zendaba, ingoma noma umgqumo.
Ukubamba iqhaza uma kuhutshwa.
Ukudweba isithombe ngendaba abhale amagama ayingcosana ngaso.
Ukuhlela izithombe ngokulandelana kwezehlakalo eziqhathanisa nezihloko.
Ukuphendula imibuzo evulekile ngendaba.
Ukuveza imizwa ngendaba.
Ukuxoxa ngokulandelana kwemiqondo endabeni.
Ukulalela ngokucophelela isikhathi eside Ukulalela ngokuqaphelisisa andise isikhathi ngezinga elithuthukile lesikhathi sokulalela sokulalela bese elandela imiyalo eminingi alandele imiyalo eminingi elandelanayo elandelanayo efanele izinga lakhe.
Ukukhombisa indlela efanele yokulalela Ukukhombisa indlela efanele yokulalela akhombise inhlonipho kulowo okhulumayo, ngokukhombisa inhlonipho kulowo okhulumayo, alinde ithuba lakhe lokukhuluma, abuze nemibuzo alinde ithuba lakhe lokukhuluma, abuze imibuzo lapho edinga khona incazelo, aphinde aphawule ukuze ezwe kahle, afingqe noma abeke umbono ngakuzwile lapho kufanele. ngalokho akuzwile.
Ukunaka aphinde abonise ukuhlonipha izilimi eziningi ezahlukehlukene.
Ukulalela isihloko nomongo wendaba.
Ukulalela ukuthola imininingwane. wendaba.
Ukulalela ukuthola imininingwane.
Ukuphendula imibuzo ngombhalo esethulwe imiqondo esembhalweni.
Ukuthula imizwa ngesiqephu esethulwe ngaso.
ngomlomo enikeza nezizathu.
Ukuzama ukuthola imbangela nomphumela nezizathu.
wezehlakalo eziqephini ezethulwe ngomlomo.
Ukuzama ukuthola imbangela nomphumela wezehlakalo eziqephini ezethulwe ngomlomo.
Ukudweba izithombe ukukhombisa ukuzwisisa indaba noma isiqephu esethulwe ngomlomo, asibhale ngawakhe amagama.
UKULALELA iziphicaphicwano namahlaya. Umfundi uzokwazi ukulalela ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa aphendule ngendlela Ukulalela imiyalezo akwazi ukuyidlulisela kwabanye efanele nangokuhlolisisa ezimweni ngendlela efanele.
Ukwahlukanisa izinhlamvu zemisindo eyehlukene ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kwamagama.
Ukulalela, ukujabulela nokuphendula ngemfanelo Ukulalela , ukujabulela nokuphendula ngemfanelo iziphicaphicwano namahlaya.
Ukulalela okhulumayo angakwazi ukumbona Ukulalela okhulumayo angakwazi ukumbona isib. ocingweni bese ephendula imibuzo alandele isib. emsakazweni, ku- inhakhomu bese nemiyalo. ephendula imibuzo nemiyalo.
UKUKHULUMA Umfundi ukwazi ukuxoxisana ngokuzethemba nangendlela efanele ekusebenziseni ulimi ezimweni ezahlukehlukene. L oku kubonakala uma umfundi ekwazi: Ukuxoxa ngempilo yakhe, izimvo zakhe nezindaba.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi ezicabangela nje enzela ubumnandi kanye nokuzijabulisa.
Ukuxoxa indatshana ayaziyo enesingeniso, umzimba nesiphetho esebenzisa izithombe uma kunesidingo.
Ukuhlabelela, ahaye, alingise aphinde alingise ngokudansa izinkondlo kanye nemigqumo.
Akhombise uzwelo namalungelo nemizwa yabanye abantu.
Ukwethula umbiko weqembu emva kokusebenza njengeqembu.
Ngokuphendula imibuzo ebuzwe ngabalaleli.
Ukuphinde axoxe ngempilo yakhe nangezehlakalo Ukuphinde axoxe ngempilo yakhe, nangezehlakalo zezindaba ezijwayelekile. ezejwayelekile aveze imizwa nemibono yakhe ngazo.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi ezicabangela nje enzela Ukusebenzisa ulimi ezicabangela nje enzela ubumnandi nokuzijabulisa isib. enze amahlaya ukuzijabulisa nobumnandi isib. axoxe amahlaya, neziphicaphicwano, adlale imidlalo yamagama, azakhele izinkondlo nolimi lwabo lokukhuluma.
azakhele eyakhe imigqumo.
Ukwakha izindaba ezilula ezinesingeniso, Ukwakha izindaba ezinesingeniso, umzimba umzimba nesiphetho esebenzisa ulimi oluchazayo, nesiphetho, esebenzisa ulimi oluchazayo, agweme engaphindaphindi into eyodwa. ukuphindaphinda aveze izimpawu zesakhiwo sendaba kanye nabalingiswa.
Ngokuqamba izihloko okumele kuxoxwe phezu kwazo emaqenjini.
Ngokunikezana amathuba lapho abuze imibuzo. Ngokunikezana amathuba okukhuluma abuze imibuzo efanele.
Ngokubeka achaze imibono. Ngokubeka abuye andise imibono ebekiwe.
Ngokukhombisa ukuzwela namalungelo nemizwa Ngokukhombisa ukuzwelana namalungelo yabanye.
UKUKHULUMA Ukuveza imibono esebenzisa amagama ayizenzo Umfundi ukwazi ukuxoxisana nezichasiso. ngokuzethemba nangendlela efanele ekusebenziseni ulimi ezimweni ezahlukehlukene.
Ukuxoxisana nomuntu omdala oyisihambeli ekilasini.
Ukulingisa izimo ezifanele ezithize njengokuthola umngani omusha.
Ukuphakamisa ehlise iphimbo kanye nezwi lokufunda.
Ngokunikeza umbiko ngokusebenza kweqembu.
Ngokubuza imibuzo ukuthola incazelo nolwazi.
Ngokuphendula imibuzo anikeze nezizathu zempendulo.
Ukuphawula ngendlela eyakhayo ngomsebenzi wabanye.
Ukubeka imibono ngezindlela zokuxazulula izinkinga.
Ukusebenzisa ukuphakama kwezwi kanye nephimbo lapho ekhuluma buthule nafunda naye eklasini noma ekhulumela phezulu nabangane enkundleni yokudlala.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi olufanele ezimeni ezahlukehlukene (isib. ukuxolisa, ukumema) nabantu abahlukene (njengokuxoxisana nabantu nokulingisa izimo ezithile.
Ngokufingqa umsebenzi weqembu.
Ngokubuza imibuzo ukuthola incazelo nolwazi.
Ukuphendula imibuzo anike ezizathu zezimpendulo.
Ngokuphawula ngendlela eyakhayo ngomsebenzi wabanye.
Ukuphenya abantu ngempilo yabo ngenhloso ethile.
Ukwethula izinkulumo isib.
Ukwakha umhlahlandlela ngokwethulwa kwenkulumo, besizwa uthisha.
Ukuchaza lokho azokwenza nokuthi uzokwenza kanjani.
Ukusebenzisa izinsizakuxhumana ukucacisa inkulumo yakhe.
Umfundi ukwazi ukuxoxisana ngokuzethemba nangendlela efanele ekusebenziseni ulimi ezimweni ezahlukehlukene.
Ukubuka ingaphandle lencwadi bese eqagela ukuthikanye nokuyigugu emibhalweni. indaba ixoxa ngani.
Ukuhumusha umqondo wendaba esebenzisa izithombe axoxe indaba.
Ukubamba incwadi ngendlela efanele.
Ukuphendula amakhasi ngendlela efanele.
Ukusebenzisa izithombe ukwakha umqondo walokho akufundayo.
Ukubuka ingaphandle lencwadi bese eqagela ukuthi indaba ixoxa ngani.
Ukubona inhloso yombhalo leso, izithameli, nendawo lapho sitholakala khona.
Achaze ngomlomo noma ngokubhala ukuthi incazelo nenjongo iyini.
Asebenzise ulwazi ngezindlela ezifanele isibonelo. ibalazwe ukubona indawo ayifunayo.
Ukufunda indaba esizwa uthisha ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, ananele ngokuhlaziya izinzwa, ezamasiko kanye nokuyigugu emibhalweni. Ukuxoxa ngengqikithi yendaba Ukubona imininingwane isib.
Ukusho ukuthi uyithandile yini indaba anikeze nezizathu.
Nemininingwane ebalulekile kwezehlakalo, isizinda.
Ukuhlobana kwembangela nomphumela nomphumela nokuthi yini okuthile kwenzeka wezehlakalo endabeni.
Ethatha izinqumo. /lenganekwane.
Nokubeka imibono yakhe ukuthi uyithandile cha, nezizathu.
Ukufunda imiyalo elula ekilasini. Ukufunda imiyalo ehlobene nabakuthandayo yempilo yabo yangempela nezidingo zabo.
Ukufunda iziqephu ezisezingeni elithile lokuba Ukufunda izinhlobo ezahlukehlukene zeziqephu lukhunyana izincwadi eziyiqiniso nezingelona ezilukhunyana njengezindaba eziyiqiniso iqiniso, imiyalo elula, izimemo, amakhadi nezingelona iqiniso, okuqukethwe nenkomba.
Ukufunda umbhalo wakhe kanye nowabafunda naye.
Ukusebenzisa amakhono akhe okukhumbula imisindo namagama ake wawabona ngaphambili ukuqonda amagama amasha awathola embhalweni isib.
Ukucozulula amagama alula aqala ngonkamisa, kulandele ungwaqa kugcine unkamisa isib.
Ukufunda aphakamise izwi, aphimise kahle amagama awagcizelela ngemfanelo.
Ukusebenzisa amaqhinga okuzilungisa amaphutha njengokufunda, ukuthatha ikhefu, ukuzilolonga ekuphimisweni kwegama engakalikhipheli ngaphandle.
Ukubona ukuthi onkamisa abandelani egameni isib.
Ukubona akhumbule amagama amaningi angena ngaphansi kwesibaya esisodwa isib.
Ukufunda ngokugeleza nangokuqondisisa imibhalo ebhaliwe.
Ephimisa amagama ngokuqaphelisisa uma efunda ephimisa.
Efunda ngokuphimisa amagama esebenzisa ukugcizelela okufanele, ephumula, ekhuphula ehlise iphimbo ngendlela efanele.
Esebenzisa amakhono akhe okukhumbula nokuqonda ekufundeni iziqephu ezingajwayelekile isib. imisindo, izici zengqikithi, nokubonela phambili.
Esebenzisa izindlela eziningi ezizenzelayo, nezokuzibheka nokuzilungisela amaphutha uma efunda njengokuphinde afunde, ukuqhubeka nokufunda ukuthatha ikhefu, ukuzilolongela ukuphimisa igama ngaphambi kokuba alikhiphele phandle..
Ukubona ukuthi amagama apelwa ngezindlela ezahlukile.
Ukubona ukuthi igama elipelwe ngendlela okungeyona lingaveza umqondo okungewona isib.
Ukubona akwazi nokusho bonke onkamisa abakhona.
Ukubona nokuhlukanisa phakathi konkamisa bemvelo nabokuvela.
UKUFUNDA NOKUBUKELA Umfundi uzokwazi ukufunda nokubukela ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, ananele ngokuhlaziya izinzwa, ezamasiko kanye nokuyigugu emibhalweni.
Ukubona ukuthi onkamisa abanye bayeqiwa kwamanye amabizo njengasegameni "umfana, umfula ".
Ukubona ongwaqa abajwayelekile abahlanganayo ekuqaleni noma ekugcineni kwegama.
Ukubona akhumbule amagama awabona njalo emphakathini. Anjengo, mina, imoto, efakela negama lakhe nokubhaliwe kundawo akuyo.
Ukukhumbula imisindo ephindaphindwayo isib.
Ukubona izijobelelo ezithe ukuba nzima (isib -azane, - anyana).
Ukubona inani lamagama awabona emphakathini.
Ukufunda izincwadi zezithombe nezindaba ezilula azikhethele zona.
Ukufunda izinhlobo eziningi zeziqephu ukuzijabulisa njengamaphephabhuku, amakhomikhi neziqephu ezingelona iqiniso.
Ukufunda ajabulele izincwadi ezibhalwe ngababhali abavela kumasiko ahlukene ezikhuluma ngezingqikithi eziningi ezahlukehlukene nokuhlobana.
Ukuthuthukisa ulwazimagama ukusebenzisa isichazamagama nokubhala amagama amasha kusichazamagama azigcinela sona.
Ukusebenzisa ikhasi eliphethe okuqukethwe, nenkomba, amagama asemqoka, izihlokwana, amagama asemqoka, izihloko zendaba kanye nezinombolo zamakhasi ukuthola ulwazi.
Umfundi uzokwazi ukufunda nokubukela ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, ananele ngokuhlaziya izinzwa, ezamasiko kanye nokuyigugu emibhalweni.
Ukubonisa athole imithombo yolwazi njengamalunga omphakathi nezincwadi zasemtatshweni wezincwadi.
Ukuqala ukuhlaziya iziqephu ezixoxwayo, ezibhaliwe nezibukelwayo ukubheka lokho okuyigugu, kumasiko nokuhlalisana kwabantu, nemilayezo elethwa yimibhalo (isib. phakathi kwesikhangiso sensipho eyimpuphu, ukuthi sibhekiswe kubani, namaqhaza abanjwe abesifazane nabesilisa).
Ukusebenzisa izikhali zokubhala ezifana namapeni ezahlukahlukene. emibala nawomsizi ngokufanele.
Ukwakha izinhlamvu ze-Alfabeti ngempumelelo.
Ukwakha imidwebo bese ebhala ngayo.
Ukubhala imisho emifushane ephathelene nesithombe.
Ukusebenzisa amasi alula okuthola nokuqopha ulwazi njengokwenza ucwaningo ngezilimi ezikhulunywayo eqenjini.
Ukuqoqa izithombe ezifanele nemidwebo ukuchaza isiqephu.
Ukusebenzisa amasu alula okuthola nokuqopha ulwazi njengokwenza ucwaningo ngezilimi ezikhulunywayo eqenjini.
Ukuhlela ulwazi ngendlela yamagrafu njengeshadi nohlelo lwesikhathi.
Ukuqoqa izithombe ezifanele nemidwebo ukuchaza isiqephu. zemidwebo abayenzile.
Ukusebenzisa amasi alula okuthola nokuqopha ulwazi njengokwenza ucwaningo ngezilimi ezikhulunywayo eqenjini.
Ukuhlela ulwazi ngendlela yamagrafu njengeshadi nohlelo lwesikhathi.
Ukuqoqa izithombe ezifanele nemidwebo ukuchaza isiqephu.
Ukubhala ngokukhululeka ekhombisa ukukhuphuka kwesivinini ngenxa yokuthi sebejwayele ukubhala.
Ukubukeza uhlaka lwendaba yeqembu ukuthiezahlukahlukene. luzwakale luthandeke kakhudlwana.
Ukubhala afundele uthisha nabanye abafundi eklasini uhlaka azibhalele lona, bese eqala ukulubukeza.
Ukusebenzisa izinhlamvu ukwakha amagama nemisho emifishane.
Ukushiya izikhala phakathi kwamagama.
Ukuqala ngakwesokunxele eya kwesokudla, asuke phezulu aye phansi uma bejwayezwa ukubhala.
Ukusebenzisa izinhlaka ukuqalisa ukubhala imisho yabo.
Ukuqala ukusebenzisa izimpawu zenkulumo eziyisisekelo (isib. ofeleba nongqi).
Ukubhala amagama amele abantu, izindawo nezinto abazijwayele.
Ukupela kahle amagama ajwayelekile.
Ukuzakhela izinqolobane yakhe yamagama nezichazamagama zakhe.
Ukuthekelelana ngemibono yokubhalakwafunda nabo ekilasini nakuthisha.
Ukukhetha isihloko okungabhalwa ngaso esibalulekile empilweni yakhe.
Izinhlu (umsebenzi wasekhaya, imisetshenzana yeviki).
Izigameko ezake zenzeka ezimpilweni yakhe.
Ukusebenzisa amasu ehlukene okulungiselela ukubhala ukuthola ulwazi nokukhetha isihloko (ukucabangisana amaphuzu, ukubhala okuvulekile, ukukhuluma nabangane, imifanekiso azoyibuka imsize).
Ukuqala ukuhlela umbhalo wakhe.
Ukukhetha uhlobo lombhalo azowubhala oluhambisana nenhloso nomuntu ozowufunda (incwadi yokubonga umndeni ngesipho asitholile).
Ukubhala iziqeshana akhethe ukuzibhala Ngezinhloso ezahlukehlukene (isib. Indatshana emfushane enesigaba esisodwa noma amabili, ukubukeza incwadi elula, uhlu lwezinto zokupheka, izincwadi, ingxoxo, imiyalo).
Ukubhala isihloko esifanele esikhombisa lokho akhuluma ngakho embhalweni wakhe.
Umfundi uzokwazi ukubhala izinhlobo zemibhalo ezahlukehlukene eziyiqiniso nezicatshangwayo ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene.
Ukuxoxisana nabanye ngombhalo wakhe nowabanye ngenhloso yokuthola noma ukunikeza uvo ngawo.
Ukuzama ukuzilungisela akubhalile (isib. ukususa noma ukufaka amagama ukuchaza kangcono, ukubheka nokulungisa ubhalomagama nezimpawu zenkulumo).
Ukubukeza umbhalo wakhe emva kokuba sekuxoxiwe nabanye.
Ukukhombisa abanye umsebenzi awubhalile ngokuwufunda bezwe bonke noma ngokubabonisa bonke ekilasini.
Ukwenza ezakhe izincwadi noma incwadi yezinkondlo yekilasi.
Ukuxoxisana nabanye ngombhalo wakhe nowabanye ngenhloso yokuthola noma ukunikeza uvo ngawo.
Ukubhekisisa nokulungisa umbhalo wakhe (isib. ukukhipha nokufaka amagama athile ngenhloso yokuchaza, ukuhlela kabusha imisho, ukubhekisisa nokulungisa ubhalomagama nezimpawu zenkulumo).
Ukubukeza akubhalile emva kokutholaimibono yabanye.
Ukukhombisa abanye umsebenzi awubhalile ngokuwufunda bezwe bonke, noma ngokubabonisa bonke ekilasini.
Ukunikeza labo bantu akade ebabhalela ukuba bawufunde umsebenzi wakhe njengomndeni noma abangane isib.
Ukuzibhalela izincwadi zakhe nencwadi yasekilasini yezinkondlo namaculo.
Umfundi uzokwazi ukubhala izinhlobo zemibhalo ezahlukehlukene eziyiqiniso nezicatshangwayo ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene.
Ukuhlola asebenzise amagama awaziyo.
Ukupela amagama ajwayelekile ngendlela efanele.
Ukusebenzisa isichazamazwi ukubhekaubhalomagama nezincazelo zamagama.
Ukusebenzisa uhlaka lokubhala olukhombisa izinhlobo ezahlukehlukene zemisho neminye imibhalo.
Ukuhlola ukusetshenziswa kezinye izimpawu zokukhuluma njengombabazi, nombuzi.
Ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zezindaba ezilandisayo (isib. kwesukasukela, cosu, cosu cosu iyaphela).
Ukusebenzisa imibhalo ekutholakala kuyo ulwazi olunhlobonhlobo (isib. indlela yokupheka,).
Ukuzakhela inqolobane yamagama noma isichazamazwi sakhe.
Ukusebenzisa isichaza-magama ukubheka upelomagama nencazelo yamagama.
Ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zohlelo ezifanele nemithetho yokubhala eyamukelekile.
Ukuqala ukuhlanganisa imisho yakhe izigaba.
Ukusebenzisa izimpawu zenkulumo ngendlela efanele (isib. ufeleba, ungqi, umbuzi, ukhe-fana, i-aphostrofi, nombabazi).
Ukusebenzisa indlela yokulandisa ngokwenzekile.
Ukusebenzisa indlela yokubhala imibhalo ekutholakala kuyo ulwazi/amaphuzu nenqubo yokwenza izinto.
Ukukhombisa ukuthuthuka kolwazi lwamagama nasekusebenziseni ulwazi ekufundeni.
Ukuqondisisa abuye asebenzise ulimi olusetshenziswa nakweminye imikhakha yokufunda eyahlukene ethintene nalelibanga akulo, elungiselelwa nebanga elilandelayo: (isib. Ezezibalo: okuningi, okuyingxenye).
Ukuqondisisa aphinde asebenzise ulimi ukucabangisisa, njengokucabanga ngembangela nomphumela wezinto ezenzekile.
Ukubona izingxenye zento ephelele (izingxenye zebhayisikili).
Ukuqondisisa asebenzise ulimi oluphathelene amagama avela kweminye imikhakha namagama avela kweminye imikhakha yokufunda olusebangeni lakhe elungiselela yokufunda adingekayo kulelibanga akulo nebanga elilandelayo. elungiselelwa nebanga elilandelayo.
Ukuqondisisa asebenzise ulimi ukucabanga ukucabanga nokucabangisisa, njengokuthola nokucabangisisa, njengokuthola imbangela imbangela, umphumela nokulandelana nomphumela wokwenzeka kwezinto, nokufika kwezinto okuhlelekile. esiphethweni.
Ukusebenzisa umqondo ngendlela ehluzekile ukusebenzisa umqondo ngendlela ehluzekile, asebenzise nolimi olufanele njengokufika asebenzise nolimi olufanele njengokuthi esiphethweni emva kokucabanga, ukusebenzisa 'ngibona sengathi bekungaba kuhle ', 'uma ulwazi analo, ukuhlola isimo isib. Ngicabanga kungukuthi...ngakho-ke...'
ukuthi, Angazi noma, nokunye.
Ukubuza imibuzo aphenye aze athole izincazelo.
Ukuchaza ukuthi into yenzelwani nokuxazululanasekufinyeleleni, ekwenzeni izinkinga.nasekusebenziseni ulwazi ekufundeni.
Ukusebenzisa amasu alula okuthola nokuqopha ulwazi (isib. ukufuna ulwazi oluphathelene nokuthi zingaki izilimi ezikhulunywa eqenjini elincane, nokuthola ulwazi aludingayo eziqeshini).
Ukubuza uma engacacelwa kahle, afune incazelo, aveze nokunye okungenziwa kunganjani  Uma ngenza kanje, kungaba nani?
kwakhe.ukusebenzisa amasu alula okuthola nokuqopha ulwazi alutholile isib.
Ukubuza imibuzo esizayo ukuchaza umsebenzi okufanele wenziwe, kutholakale nolwazi oludingekayo (isib. yini okumele siyazi; siyenze; siyithole singalutholaphi lolulwazi esiludingayo)?
Ukuhlela izinyathelo ekumele zithathwe ukwenza umsebenzi abawunikeziwe, bahlukaniselane ngawo isib.
Ukubuza imibuzo esobala nehlaba esikhonkosini.
Ukusekela achazisise uma kunempikiswano anikeze izizathu nobufakazi.
Ukufingqa ulwazi alwethule ngendlela efanele nemnandi.
Ukuhlela ulwazi ngendlela yamagrafu alula Ukutomula ulwazi aludingayo aluqophe (ishadi, uhlelo lwesikhathi). phansi.
UKWAKHIWA NOKUSETSHENZISWA Loku kubonakala uma umfundi ekwazi: KOLIMI.
Ukubona lapho kuqala khona khona nalapho kugcina khona igama elibhaliwe, eshiya nezikhala phakathi kwamagama.
Ukupela kahle amagama awaziyo.
Ukuqoqela ndawonye amagama isib.
Ukusebenzisa izimpawu zenkulumo - ufeleba ekuqaleni komusho, nongqi ekugcineni komusho.
Ukusebenzisa kahle amabizo nezabizwana (mina, wena, inja), kanye nondaweni (endlini).
Ukusebenzisa kahle inkathi yamanje nenkathi edlule.
Ukusebenzisa imisindo ukupela amagama angawajwayele.
Ukubona nokusebenzisa iziphongozonezijobelelo eziningana kunakuqala.
Ukubona amagama asho okufanayo naphikisanayo.
Ukuhlanganisa imisho emibili eqondile ngesihlanganiso (ulambile kodwa akafuni ukudla).
Ukubona asebenzise amabizo, izabizwana, isichasiso, undaweni, nezenzo.
Ukusebenzisa kahle inkathi yamanje, ezayo, neyedlule kodwa ibe lula.
Ukusebenzisa imisindo ukubhala amagama alukhunyana.
Ukusebenzisa imithetho yobhalomagama ukubhala kahle.
Ukubona inhloko, isenzo, nomenziwa emushweni.
Ukusebenzisa kahle isivumelwano senhloko nesikamenziwa.
Ukusebenzisa izihlanganiso ukusho imbangela nomphumela wento Ngiyamthanda ngoba uyahlonipha.
Ukusebenzisa izinkathi ezithe ukuba lukhunyana (uzobe usuqedile-ke uma wenze njalo).
Ukubona asebenzise kahle amabizo, izabizwana bona, mina, izichasiso, izenzo, izandiso, ondaweni.
Ukusebenzisa kahle izimpawu zenkulumo izibabazo, umbuzi nokunye.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukusebenzisa imisindo, amagama nohlelo lolimi ukuzakhela nokuhumusha iziqephu.
ukulandelanisa indaba isib. esebenzisa amagama anjengo 'wase', 'wabuye', lapho esebeka ngawakhe amazwi.
Ukuxoxa ngeziqephu izindatshana esebenzisa amagama anjengalawa 'isingeniso' 'umzimba' 'isiphetho'.
Ukuguqukashintsha iphimbo uma ehlose ukudlulisa umbiko othile.
Ukuqaphela indlela okukhulunywa ngayo isib.
Ukubona umehluko phakathi kwendlela okukhulunywa ngayo ekilasini isib.
Ukulandelanisa kahle indaba esebenzisa amagama anjengo 'kuqala ngokuthi', 'bese ...' 'kugcine seku...'
Ukubona ukuthi iziqephu ezahlukehlukene zibonakala ngani (isib. indaba, imiyalo, nokunye).
Ukusebenzisa ulimi ukuxhumana nabantu.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi ukukhuluma ngendlela eyamukelekile emphakathini (isib. ukucela uxolo uma abantu bekhuluma).
Ukuqaphela indlela okukhulunywa ngayo, isib.
Ukubonisana nabanye ngamagama ajwayelwe ukusetshenziswa uma kuchazwa abafana namantombazana (isib. oyisidudla, indoni yamanzi), babonisane nokuthi kunamthelela muni ukusebenzisa la magama nokuthi kumele yini asetshenziswe lamagama noma cha.
Ukuhlela imisho ibe yizigaba engakhohliwe inkathi okumele ayisebenzise.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi ukukhuluma ngendlela eyamukelekile emphakathini isib. ukuxolisa uma wonile.
Isib. Ukuhlola ukuthi lusetshenziswa nini futhi lusetshenziselwani ulimi olungekho emthethweni.
Ezingeni eliphakathi, abafundi baqhubekela ezingeni lobusha. Abahlaliseki banomdlandla, bayalawulwa ontanga kodwa bona bebe bengazethembi. Bangabantu abazibheka bona ukuthi bangobani nokuthi bafuna ukuba ngobani. Izindaba eziphathelene nokuzazi ziba ngezimqoka . Ngaloko kufanele ukuthi bakubeke engqondweni ukuhlobana phakathi kolimi nokuzazi ezweni lethu eliziliminingi nelimasikoningi.
Ukuqala ukubheka izidingo, izimfuno nemibono yabanye.
Ukukwazi ukusebenzisana kalula ekuqedeni imisetshenzana eyabelwe iqembu.
Ukuthola kuyinselele ukubhekana nemisetshenzana abangayenza ngabodwana.
Ukugqamisa nentshisekelo yokuzibambela mathupha odabeni lokufunda kwabo.
Ukuba nokwenza bazimisele nangendlela thile ezindleleni zokwenza okuthile.
Ukuya befinyelela olwazini, belugcina beluguqulela esimweni esivuma bona.
Ukwazi kakhulu ukuphenya, baqhathanise bese bevivinya lolo lwazi ngokucophelela.
Kuleli zinga, abafundi bahlanganisa bakhulise amakhono abo okufunda nokubhala, bakhe ukuzethemba nokukhuluma beqamunda ngendlela eyiyo uma besebenzisa ulimi lwezomlomo. Ukusebenza ngokuxhumanisa izinhlelo zezifundo kwakha ingxenye esemqoka yemisebenzi yokufunda.
Imibhalo yokufunda ehlukahlukene.
Abafundi bazakusebenza ngezinhlobo ezahlukehlukene zeziqephu ukwedlula ezingeni eliyisisekelo. Ulimi nokuqukethwe yiziqephu zizawuba zinde ziphinde zibe lukhunyana. Bazongenisa abafundi kumibhalo yomlomo nebhaliwe, kanye nezindaba eziphathelene nokuhlalisana kwabantu nemvelo.
Ukunceda ukubeka imithetho yokulinganisa ukuhlola ezwakalayo, omunye nomunye umphumela unekhono noma amakhono ehlukile okumele kumele kugxilwe kuwo. (ukulalela, ukukhuluma, ukufunda, ukubukela, ukubukela, ukucabanga nokucabangisisa ukwakhiwa nokusethenziswa kolimi.) Kodwa-ke ohlelweni lwezifundo loku kumele kufakelwe kuhlanganiswe nemisebenzi yokufunda ngezinjongo ezibonakalayo nezifanele.
Okuqukethwe nokufanele okumele kuthathwe ezindabeni ezibanzi ezehlukene, kusekelwa ngezidingo zabafundingabanye, kanye nezindaba zokuhlalisana nabantu ezibanzi. Kumele izihloko zithinte udaba oluthinta uzwelonke okufana nesandulela ngculazi nengculazi, nobugebengu. Akumele kuxoxwe ngakho njengokuqukethwe emibhalweni kodwa akwethulwe njengokubonakalayo kolwazilokufunda olutholakele empilweni.
Ukukwazi ukubona umbono owodwa.
Ukufunda indlela iziqephu ezicela abafundi zibabhekise umbono othile.
Ukulwisa loku kusetshenziswa kolimi.
Lungiselela imisebenzi enzima nezindlela zokuhlola edinga izinto eziningi ezingeni eliphezulu.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukulalela ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa aphendule ngendlela efanele nangokuhlolisisa ezimweni ezahlukehlukene.
Amakhono abafundi okulalela ayalungiswa ukubasiza ukuthi bakwazi ukulalela imibhalo eyandisiwe yomlomo (zombili ezisemthwetheni nezingekho emthethweni)ngezinhloso ezahlukehlukene.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukuxoxisana ngokuzethemba nangendlela efanele ekusebenziseni ulimi ezimweni ezahlukehlukene.
Uma abafundi bekhula, izimo zibanikeza inselele zibadinge ukuba babe nokuzethemba kanye nokukhuluma ngemfanelo. Bazoqhubeka bathuthukise amakhono abo okuxoxisana baphinde babe nozwelo kumasiko ahlukene bafunde nokuba nokuyigugu ekubeni liminingi.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukufunda nokubheka ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, ananele ngokuhlaziya izinzwa, ezamasiko kanye nokuyigugu kuziqephu.
Ukufunda izincwadi zaseNingizimu Afrika nezakuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba eziyiqiniso nezokusungulwa kuyadingeka ukukhulisa imizwa yabafundi kanye nobuntu babo, ukuthuthukisa ulimi, ukubafundisa ukufunda nokubhala, ukuzwisisa ubugugu kanye nokuzijabulisa.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukubhala izinhlobo zemibhalo eyahlukehlukene eyiqiniso necatshangwayo ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene.
Abafundi bayaqhubeka nokuthi bathuthukise amakhono okubhalela izinhloso nezibukeli ezahlukehlukene. Baqala ukuthuthukisa nokuhlela imiqondo ngendlela efanele kuziqephu ezinamaphuzu nezakhiwe ngokulandela izinyathelo zendlela yokubhala eqhubekayo.
Umfundi uyakwazi ukusebenzisa ulimi ukucabanga nokucabangisisa nasekufinyeleleni elwazini nasekusebenziseni ulwazi ekufundeni.
Amakhono athuthukiswe kakhudlwana okucabanga, afakela ukucabangisisa abakucabangayo nolwazi lokufunda nokubhala okusemqoka emsebenzini wohlelo lwezifundo oluxhumanayo noluzoletha impumelelo ekufundeni . Kumele bafundiswe ngendlela ehlanganisayo kokuquthwe umsebenzi wokuxazulula izinkinga ngenjongo yokufunda ebonakalayo nesemqoka.
Umfundi uzokwazi ukusebenzisa imisindo, amagama nohlelo lolimi ukwakha nokuhumusha iziqephu.
Abafundi bazowufunisisa ukuthi ulimi lusebenza kanjani, baphinde bathuthukise ulimi lokuhlukaniselana oluveza ukukwazi ukukhuluma ngolimi, ukuze bakwazi ukuhlola nnokuhlaziya iziqephu zabo nezinye ukuze kuvele incazelo, ukusebenza ngemfanelo nangokulunga. Bazokwazi futhi ukusebenzisa lolu lwazi ukwenza isilingo ngolimi ukwakha incazelo (ukusuka ezingeni le misho ukuya esiqephini esiphelele) babone ukuthi isiqephu nokuqukethwe zihlobene. Bazokkwazi ukubona ukuthi ulimi luguquka kanjani ekuhambeni kwesikhathi naphakathi kwamasiko, kanye nakuzimo ezahlukehlukene. Esigabeni esilandelayo sibeke imiThetho yokuLinganisa ukuHlola yesiPhumo Sokufunda sezinga ngalinye. Siphinda sinikeze izibonelo zeziqephu ezingasetshenziswa ukuhlanganisa ukufundwa kolimi.
Izindaba ezilandayo isib.
Izindlela Zokwenza isib.
Izehlakalo ezenzeka eshashalazini.
Izinkondlo ezethulwa ngomlomo isib.
Imibiko - yesimo sezulu, nezemidlalo njll.
Izinkulumo/Izifundo ezethulwayo ezimfishane.
Amahlaya, Izindatshana ezingamahlaya ezethulwa izehlakalo zomxoxi.
Izindlela zokwenza isib.
Izinkondlo zomlomo/ukufunda izinkondlo.
Izindaba ngesehlakalo esavelela umxoxi.
Izingxoxo zokwakha ukuvumelana.
Umfundi uzokwazi ukulalela ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa aphendule ngendlela Ukujabulela ukulalelela izinhlobo ezahlukehlukene efanele nangokucophelela ezimweni zeziqephu ezethulwa ngomlomo akwazi nokuphendula ezahlukehlukene. ngemfanelo isib.
Ukuxoxa umongo wendaba nemininingwane eqondene nayo eyiqhathanisa nolwazi analo.
Ukuxoxa ukusetshenziswa kwamagama ngokhulumayo, nemishwana nolimi olusebenzisa ukubonisa ngezitho zomzimba nokuthi zimthelela kanjani olalele isib. uzizwe unjani emva kokulalela okhulumayo Uye wathini noma wenzani ukukwenza ube kulesi simo?
Ukuxoxa ngokuthi ithoni nokukhethwa kwamagama kuguquka kanjani kuzithameli nasezinhlosweni. ezahlukehlukene.
Ukuthanda nokuthakazela ukulalela iziqephu ezifana nezinganekwane, imizekeliso, imiculo, amahlaya, iziphicaphicwano, nemidlalo emifushane bakwazi nokuphendula ngemfanelo.
Ukukhombisa umlayezo nezindikimba ezingumongo eziqephini ezethulwa ngomlomo bazenze zihambelana nempilo yangemihla.
Ukukhombisa izimpawu zeziqephu zomlomo (ukwakheka kwazo, ulimi, iphimbo, ulimi olusetshenziswa ngabantu abathile ukuya ngezethameli njll) okwenza zilungele izimo nezithameli ezahlukehlukene.
Ukuxoxa ukuthi ulimi lusetshenziswa kanjani ukwakha esithile.
Ukuthakasela ukulalela nokuphendula ngemfanelo kuziqephu ezahlukehlukene ezifana nezinganeko, imizekeliso, izinkondlo, imidlalo, ingxoxo ephikisanayo nezinkulumo.
Ukukhombisa nokuxoxa ukuthi kwakheka kanjani nokuthi kubathelela kanjani abalaleleisib.umlingiswa oyiqhawe uvezwe kanjani Loko kukwenza ukuthi uzizwe unjani ngaloyo mlingiswa ingabe ngempela nabantu esiphila nabo empilweni banjalo?
Umfundi uzokwazi ukulalela ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa aphendule ngendlela efanele nangokucophelela ezimweni ezahlukehlukene.
Ukuxoxa ngemisindo nezithombe magama ezithombe olimini baphinde babeke imibono ngokuthelela kwazo olalele.
Ukulalela ukuze bathole ulwazi emibhalweni ezahlukehlukene ezinjengezaziso zesimo sezulu, izaziso zesikole, nokuxoxisana njll, ukukhumbula umongo noma imininingwane eqondene neziqephu bakwazi ukuphendula ngemfanelo.
Ukukwazi ukulandela imiyalo alandela nezinkomba ndlela.
Ukulalela ngomdlandla enkulumeni nasezingxoxweni ukubonisa ukuhlonipha nokuba nozwelo emizweni yabanye athakaselele imibono yabo.
Ukuxoxa ngobugugu, izimo nokuzicabangela ngokuhlalisana nabantu, ngokuziphatha, nangamasiko emibhalweni ezethulwa ngomlomo. isib. Kungabe yonke imindeni yakhiwe ngamalunga anjengomama, ubaba kanye nezingane Noma kukhona yini enye inhlobo yemindeni?
Ukulalela imibhalo zolwazi ezahlukehlukene (izinkombandlela , imiyalo, izinhlelo zokukhuluma zomsakazo, izindaba eziwuchungechunge zomlando zikamabonakude) abeke umongo nemininingwane eqondene nayo asebenzise ulwazi ngendlela efanele.
Ukuxoxa ngokuyigugu, izimo nokuzicabangela ngokuhlalisana kwabantu, ngokuziphatha, nangamasiko eziqephini ezethulwa ngomlomo, abeke imibono ngokufakiwe nokukhishiwe. isib. umyalezo wendaba uyahambisana nazo zonke ezinye izimo Yiziphi izimo ezingafakelwanga endabeni?
Ukulalela ngomdlandla nokuba nozwelo, ukuthatha imibono egqubuzana neyakhe aphendule ngemfanelo kokuqukethwe.
Ukuxoxa ngokuyigugu ezokuhlalisana kwabantu, ngokuziphatha, nangamasiko emibhalweni ezehlukene abeke imibono ukuthi loku kwethulwa kanjani esiqephini. isib. kukhona yini ukuba nenkolelo eyodwa ethile?
UKUKHULUMA Loku kubonakala uma umfundi ekwazi: Umfundi uzokwazi ukuxoxisana ngokuzethemba nangendlela efanele Ukuxoxa ngolwazi ngempilo, imibono nolwazi ekusebenziseni ulimi ezimweni lokuqukethwe okwahlukile okwenzelwe izinjongo ezahlukehlukene.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi ngaphandle kokungabaza ekuxoxisaneni nabantu.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi ukucabangela okumele akwethule isib.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi ecabanga ekuxoxisaneni nabantu. isib.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi ukwakha imicabango yokukwazi ukubeka imibono isib. ukwethula imizwa nemicabango, nokwenza okusamdlalo.
Ukunikezelana nabanye ngemiqondonokunikeza eminye imibono ngezihlokonezehlakalo ezingajwayelekile kakhulu, esebenzisa ukucabangela.
Ukuchaza okwenzekayo noma izehlakalo, nokulungisa umsebenzi, anikeze nezinkombandlela ngokuzwakalayo nangokuzwisisekayo.
Ukubuza imibuzo ehlolisisayo engenazo izimpendulo ezisobala azicabangisise uma ephendula.
Ukwethula nokusekela umbono wakhe ngezizathu.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi ukuxoxisana nabantu ukuveza imizwa yakhe nokubuyisa umcabango isib. ukukhuluma ngemizwa, nomqondo ophelele.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi ukuhlolisisa nokukwazi ukwethula ukuzicabangela(isib. izinkondlo, ukunanela umculo).
Ukunikezelana nabanye ngemiqondo, banikeze eminye imibono ngezihloko ezidinga ukucatshangwa ezibekwe ngokulandelana nangendlela eyakhiwe ngemfanelo(isib.ukwethula amaphosta, imibiko, impikisano).
Ukubuza nokuphendula imibuzo edinga ukucatshangwa.
Ukuthuthukisa ukuphikisana kwemiqondo okunamaphuzu nokucatshangiwe ukusekela imibono.
Ukulandela izinguquko ezithize ukuze kube nokuxhumana okufanele uma kusetshenzwa ngamaqembu.
Ukunikeza ukulungiswa komsebenziokulinganayo ngendlela efanele.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi oluthonyayo/ oluhlakaniphile ezimweni ezinokungqubuzana.
Ukubuza imibuzo efanele.
Ukugcina isimo sengxoxo.
Ukuphendula enanela imibono yabanye ngozwelo nenhlonipho.
Ukunikeza ukulungiswa komsebenzi ngendlela efanele.
Ukusebenzisa iphimbo ngendlela efanele, nokunanela ukukhuluma ngobuso.
Ukubonisa ukuhlonipha abanye eqenjini.
Ukubheka emehlweni agweme ukunyakazisa umzimba.
Ukusebenzisa izimo zobuso/okwenzeka ebusweni okufanele.
Ukusebenzisa iphimbo elizwakalayo, athathe ikhefu ngemfanelo, akhulume angasheshisi.
Ukunikana amathuba, ukugxila esihlokweni, ukubuza imibuzo efanele, ukugcina isimo sengxoxo, ukuphendula enanela imibono yabanye ngozwelo nenhlonipho.
Ukunikeza ukulungiswa komsebenziokwakhayo ngendlela efanele.
Ukusebenzisa iphimbo ngendlela efanele, nokunanela ukukhuluma ngobuso.
Ukubonisa ukuhlonipha amalungelo nemizwa yabanye ngenkathi besebenza emaqenjini.
Ukuhambisa amehlo azame ukubheka zonke izithameli.
Ukusebenzisa iphimbo nezimo zobuso ezifanele.
Ukukwazi ukuguquguqula nokufudumala kwephimbo ukubonisa ukugqizelela.
Ukuguquguqula umsindo, ithoni nokufudumala kwephimbo ukubonisa ukugqizelela nomphumela.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi ngemfanelo ezimweni ezahlukehlukene ngenhloso zokuncenga, ukuphikisa, ukugqugquzela, nokuzibandakanya ngemfanelo.
Ukubeka imibono ngolimi olungasetshenziswa ukugwema ukusetshenziswa kolimi olubandlululayo.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi olusemthethweni ngendlela ekusebenziseni ulimi ezimweni efanele ekhulunywa ngabantu abathile ezimweni ezahlukehlukene. ezahlukehlukene iphimbo, ukukhethwa kwamazwi, indlela yokukhuluma, ulimi oluboniswa ngezitho zomzimba.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi olufanele ukubonisa isizotha (ukuxolisa, ukucela, ukubonga, nokusekela).
Ukusebenzisa ukwakhiwa kohlelo nezishoezimweni ezifanele.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi ngokuqaphelisisaukwethula imizwa efanayo njengokuthukuthela, nokungabi nesineke, ukuzwela nokufisa.
Ukukhombisa nokulwisa ukusetshenziswa kolimi olubandlululayo.
UKUFUNDA NOKUBUKELA Loku kubonakala uma umfundi ekwazi: Umfundi uzokwazi ukufunda nokubukela ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, ananele Ukufunda izinhlobonhlobo zeziqephu zaseNingizimu ngokuhlaziya izinzwa, ezamasiko kanye Afrika nezomhlaba jikelele eziyiqiniso nezisunguliwe nokuyigugu emibhalweni. ngezinhloso ezahlukehlukene. isib. izinkondlo, izinganekwane, inganeko, amapheshana ethula ulwazi, izincwadi zolwazi nezincwadi zokufunda nokufundisa.
Ukufunda ngokushesha ukuze athole umqondojikelele.
Ukuhlolisisa ikhasi lokuqukethwe, izihloko, kanye inkomba eletha umqondo jikelele.
Ukufundela phezulu ngokufanele abonise ukuqonda.
Ukufunda bephimisa nokufunda ethula ulwazi, izincwadi zolwazi nezincwadi buthule, beguqula amasu okufunda ukuba zokufunda nokufundisa njll afanele injongo nezithameli.
Ukufunda ngokushesha ukuze athole zokuqukethwe, aqonde, aqaphele isivivinyo umqondo-jikelele. sokuqondisisa njll.
Ukuhlabela phambili okuzokwenziwa/okuqukethwe nesiphetho.
Ukufunda aphimise ezwakale elungisa indlelayokufunda ukulungela injongo nezithameli.
UKUFUNDA NOKUBUKELA Umfundi uzokwazi ukufunda nokubukela ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, ananele ngokuhlaziya izinzwa, ezamasiko kanye nokuyigugu emibhalweni. Umphumela wesifundo 3 Usaqhubeka Loku kubonakala uma umfundi ekwazi: Ukubuka nokusho okuthile ngezinsizakubona ezinhlobonhlobo nangezinhloso ezahlukehlukene isib.
Ukubonisa nokuxoxisana izindlela zezimo zokudweba njengombala, uhlaka, ukukhethwa kwezithombe njll.nokuthi ziwuthelela kanjani umlayezo othulwayo. Ukuchaza imizwa ngombhalo (esinamaphuzu, esemibhalo, esibukwayo, nezinsizakuxhumana ezihlobonhlobo) anikeze nezizathu. Ukuxoxa ukuthi ukukhetha ulimi nezimpawu zomdwebo kumthelela kanjani umfundi. Ukubonisa ukuzwisisa aphinde akhombise, axoxe izimpawu ezifana nomongo wendaba, abalingiswa, isizinda kanye nesakhiwo kuziqephu ezingelona iqiniso.
Ukuxoxa ngomlayezo owethuliwe.
Ukubonisa nokuxoxisana ngamasu okudweba afana nemibala, uhlaka, ukukhethwa kwezithombe, uhlobo nobukhulu bamagama, nezimpawu nokuhlelwa. njll.
Ukuchaza nokuhlaziya ukuphendulela imizwa ngeziqephu.
Ukuxoxa ukuthi ababhali namaciko ezinto ezibonakalayo babakha ubuhlobo babo nabafundi babo ngezindlela ezahlukehlukene, nokuthi babakha kanjani imibono eyahlukene yomhlaba besebenzisa ulimi nezinto ezinezimpawu ezibonakalayo.
Ukubonisa nokuxoxisana amasu okwenza njengokukhanya nemiphumela yemisindo, ukukhetha izimo, izimo zamakhamera, ukwakha, nendlela yokubhala ngemfanelo nokuthi zimthelela njani obukayo.
Ukuhumusha nokuxoxa umlayezo.
Ukuchaza ukuhumusha nokuphendula ngokuphelele, enikeza izizathu ezisekelwe phezu kombhalo awufundile noma ulwazi ngempilo.
Ukuxoxa ukuthi amasu asetshenziswa ngababhali nabaqambi bendlela yokubhala okufanele kanye nabathwebuli bezithombe bakha imibono ethile ngomhlaba bakwazi nokubeka ofundayo ezindaweni ezifanele ngezindlela ezahlukehlukene.
UKUFUNDA NOKUBUKELA Ukuqonda izizathu zokwenzakalayo endabeni. Umfundi uzokwazi ukufunda nokubukela ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, ananele Ukuzwisisa uhlelomagama nokuxoxa ngokukhethwa ngokuhlaziya izinzwa, ezamasiko kanye kwamagama, izifengqo nemiphumela yemisindo nokuyigugu emibhalweni. ezinkondlweni, kuzinganekwane nemibhalo zezinsizakubona eziningiisib.
Ukubonisa izindlela iziqephu ezihlelwe ngayo.
Ukubonisa ukuhi ulimi nendlela yokukhuluma yabantu abathile (izinga lokuba semthethweni)kwehluka ukuya ngenhloso nezithameli.
Ukubonisa nokuxoxa okuyigugu eziqephini kubhekwe izindaba eziphathelene namasiko nokuhlalisana kwabantu, ezemvelo kanye nendlela yokuziphatha. isib. umlayezo wendaba nokuma kwawo ezindabeni ezahlukehlukene, izindaba eziphathelene nobuqotho nokulingana kubhekwa izimo nabalingiswa abahlukene.
Axoxe izimpawu ezifana nomongo wendaba, esiveza ngayo ukuphila kwabantu izinjongo kanye isizinda, umoya osendabeni kanye nendlela esisebenza ngayo nabalingiswa.
Ukwenza kuqondakale izimpawu eziphathelene nokuvezwa kwabalingiswa.
Ukuxoxa izindikimba nezindaba banikeze incazelo yakhiwa kanjani nokuthi ofundayo imibono ngokusekela. ubekwa kuliphi izinga umbhali uxoxa indaba njengobukele noma njengomunye wabalingiswa Ucabangani ngabalingiswa abasemqoka Uyabazwela noma uyabagxeka?
uphumelela kangakanani umbhali ukukubeka kulesi simo?
Ukufunda ngokushesha ukuthola ulwazi eziqephini njengesimo sezulu, uhlelo lwezikhathi lwamabhasi, amabalazwe njll.
Ukuhumusha imibhalo ezibukelwayo (amathebuli, amashadi , amaphosta, amagrafu, amabalazwe) aguqule iziqephu ukusuka kolunye uhlobo ase kolunye. (isib.
Ukukhetha imibhalo ezifanele ukuze azitholele ulwazi afeze izidingo njengezichazamagama, ama-ensaykilophidiya ezingane nezincwadi zolwazi.
Ukubonisa izindlela iziqephu ezihlelwe ngayo (isib.izinsumo, izincwadi, ukubukezwa kwezincwadi).
Ukubonisa izinhloso ezahlukehlukene zeziqephu ahlaziye ukuthi ulimi, nolimi olusetshenziswa ngabanye abantu luhluka kanjani ngezinjongo nabantu okubhekiswe kubo.
Ukubonisa nokuxoxa umbono kanye nenjongo nabantu okubhekiswe kubo.
Ukukhumbula nokuxoxa izinkoleloezingasekelwe nendlela ezakheka ngayo.
Ukuxoxa nokuqhathanisa ukuphathwa kwezindaba eziphathelene nokuhlalisana kwabantu namasiko ngokuvezwe ngababhali abehlukene ngezihloko ezinhlobonhlobo.
Ukubonisa nokuhlola izinhlobo nokufaneleka kolimi nendlela yokukhuluma yabanye abantu emibhalweni salabo okubhekiswe kubo.
Ukuhumusha imiyalezo umbhali ayifihle ngenhloso nangokungenhloso.
Ukubonisa imibono ehlukile emibhalweni ezinzima kakhulu anikeze imibono yakhe esekela ngobufakazi obutholakala esiqephini.
Ukuhlaziya umphumela wezinkolelo ezingasekelwe, ubandlululo nokubheka icala elilodwa, axoxe ukuthi loku kungalwiswa kanjani kuguqulwe, abeke nemibono yakhe anikeze nezizathu.
Umfundi uzokwazi ukufunda nokubukela ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, ananele ngokuhlaziya izinzwa, ezamasiko kanye nokuyigugu emibhalweni.
Ukufunda nokulandela imiyalo enzima, alandele izinkombandlela encedwa kancane nje.
Ukufingqa imiqondo engumongo kanyenemibono esekelayo.
Ukukhetha nokubhala phansi ulwazi olufanele ngendlela efanele.
Ukuhumusha nokuhlaziya ngokwakhe imininingwane etholakala emibhalweni zokubhalwe ngemfanelo (amabalazwe, amagrafu emigqa, amagrafu angamabha, amashadi angamaphayi) aphinde akwazi ukususa ulwazi kolunye uhlobo ase kolunye.
UKUBHALA Loku kubonakala uma umfundi ekwazi: Umfundi uzokwazi ukubhala izinhlobo zeziqephu ezahlukehlukene eziyiqiniso Ukubhala imibhalo ezahlukehlukene ezibhalela nezicatshangwayo ngezinhloso.
Ukubhalela inhloso yokuzifunela ulwazi, ukudlala ukuzicabangela nokuzama ukwakha umbhalo wobuciko isib.
Ukubhala imibhalo ezethula ulwazi ezibeka imibono icace kuzo zonke izithameli kubo isib.
Ukuguqulela ulwazi ukusuka kwesinye isimo ukuya kwesinye isib.
Ukubhalela inhloso yokuzifunela ulwazi, ukudlala ukuzicabangela nokuzama ukwakha umbhalo wobuciko isib.
Ukubhala imibhalo ezethula ulwazi ezibeka imibono icace kuzo zonke izethameli isib.
Ukubhala nokwakha imibhalo zokubona ezethula ulwazi luzwakale lwakhiwe ngemfanelo isib. izikhangisi, izincwadi zokuthula ulwazi ngezindawo ezithile, amabalazwe anezithombe namagama njll.
Ukuguqulela ulwazi ukusuka kwesinye isimo ukuya kwesinye isib. okubhaliwe ukuguqule kube yisigaba esibhaliwe noma igrafu.
Ukubhala imibhalo ezethula ulwazi ezibeka imibono icace, ilandelane ukubhekisa kuzo zonke izethameli ezahlukahlukene. isib.
Ukubhala nokwakha imibhalo zokubona ngemfanelo nangendlela yokwakha zisebenzisa ulimi, imiphumela yemisindo, ukubhala okuhlelwe ngemfanelo nezakhiwo ezenzelwe abantu okubhekiswe kubo abahlukene isib. ama CD nekhasi langaphandle, izikhangisi zethelevishini noma umsakazo, incwadi eyethula ulwazi ngezindawo ezithile ezinezithombe.
Ukubonisa ukuzwisisa indlela yokwenza nendlela yokukhuluma yabantu abathile isib.
Ukukhiqiza uhlaka lokuqala ngolimi olufanele nezinguquko ngezinhloso nokubhekiswe kuwo.
Ukubukeza umsebenzi usebenzisa ulimi olufanele, ukuhlela nendlela yokwenza nokulungiswa komsebenzi okuvela kwafunda nabo noma kuthisha.
Ukulungisa amaphutha ohlaka lokugcina olubhaliwe abheke amaphutha ohlelo, iziphumuzi, kanye nokubhala, afakele ukulungiswa komsebenzi okuvela kwafunda nabo nakuthisha.
Ukushicilela uhlaka lokugcina ngokubonisa ngemibono kwabafanele abayizethameli noma kuthisha.
Ukwethula umsebenzi abhale ngobunono ngendlela efanele, asebenzise indlela zokubhala ezifanele ezifana nezihloko, izikhala zezigaba, nokuzihlehlisela phakathi njll njengoba kufanele.
Ukuthuthukisa isihloko ngokufuna ulwazi kumithombo, bakhethe ulwazi olufanele bahlele imiqondo.
Ukubhala uhlaka lokuqala olunomqondo owumongo, kanye nezigaba zokusekela ezithuthukisiwe.
Ukusebenzisa imisho eqondile nemisho embaxa kanye nemisho emagatshagatsha eqaphe injongo nabantu okubhekiswe kubo.
Ukubukeza umsebenzi abheke ngqo okufundiswayo, asebenzisa ulimi olufanele ukuhlela, nendlela yokwenza nokulungiswa komsebenzi okuvela kwafunda nabo noma kuthisha.
Ukulungisa amaphutha omsebenzi wokugcina owenziwe.
Ukufaka uhlaka lokugcina aphinde acabange ngendlela yokuhlola leyo ngxenye.
Ukubhala umsebenzi owenziwe ngobunono baqaphela ukwethulwa isib. ikhasi langaphandle, izihlokonjll kanye nendlela yokubhala ngemfanelo.
Ukucabanga imiqondo ngesihloko esithile ayithuthukise esebenzisa imithombo eyahlukene yolwazi olufanele, nokuhlela imiqondo asebenzise amasu afana namabalazwe emiqondo ecatshangiwe, amaflowushadi, isikhali sokuhlola njll.
Ukubhala uhlaka lokuqala olunomqondo owumongo, kanye nolimi olufanele nokuguquka okuvezwa izinjongo ezithile nabantu okubhekiswe kubo.
Ukubukeza umsebenzi abheke ngqo ekulungiseni ulimi, ekuluhleleni nasendleleni olwakhiwe ngayo, asebenzisa ukulungiswa komsebenzi okuvela kwabafunda naye.
Ukukhipha izinhlobo eziningi zohlaka eziningi njengoba kudingeka.
Ukunikeza ukulungiswa komsebenzi kwafunda nabo, ebazwela emizameni abayenzile.
Ukukhipha uhlobo lokugcina efakele ukulungiswa okuvele kwafunda nabo kanye nothisha.
Ukucabanga ahlolisise umsebenzi wokugcina ngokwakhe nangaloku akuthole kwafunda nabo nakuthisha.
Ukukhetha nokusebenzisa izinhlobo eziningi zamagama avela kulwazi lwempilo imisebenzi, imibhalo, ulimi lwezomlomo labafunda naye kanye nabanye abantu.
Ukwelula imisho ngokusebenzisa isiphawulo nesandiso namabinzana nemishwana eyisichasiso.
Ukusuka kwenye inkathi uya kwenye ungaguquguquki, nangendlela efanele.
Ukukhetha nokulinga izinhlobo eziningi zamagama avela kumithombo eyahlukene.
Ukusebenzisa inkulumo ngqo nenkulumo ebikiwe ngokufanele nangempumelelo.
Ukukhetha nokulinga nokulinga izinhlobo eziningi zamagama avela kwezinye izinkundla zokufunda, nezinkundla zezinto abazithandayo, ezethula incazelo ngemfanelo nangempumelelo.
Ukubhala njalo nje esebenzisa amagama ngendlela efanele aqaphele ukupelwa kwamagama amasha.
Ukusebenzisa izinhlobo zemisho embaxa nemagatshagatsha.
Ukusuka enkathini enye uye kwenye ngendlela ngokungaguquki ngemfanelo nangempumelelo.
Ukusebenzisa inkulumo ngqo nenkulumo ebikiwe ngokufanele nangempumelelo.
Ukuguquguqula ukuma komusho ukubheka ngqo kanye nokugqizelela.
Umfundi uzokwazi ukubhala izinhlobo Ukusebenzisa isihloko nomusho osekelayo zeziqephu ezahlukehlukene eziyiqiniso ukuthuthukisa indima ebumbene.
Ukusebenzisa uhlelo, upelomagama neziphumuzi ngendlela efanele.
Ukubhala isihloko nomusho osekelayo afakele ulwazi olufanele ukuthuthukisa indima ebumbene.
Ukubonisa izindlela ezahlukehlukene zokuhlanganisa isigaba.
Ukusebenzisa uhlelo, ubhalomagama neziphumuzi ngendlela efanele.
Ukubhala isihloko somusho afakele ulwazi olufanele ukwakha indima ebumbene.
Ukuxoxa ngembangela nomphumela emibhalwenii nasekusebenziseni ukwazi ekufundeni. ezibhaliwe nolimi olusetshenzisiwe ukwethula loku isib.
Ukuqondisa izincazelo ezingabekiwe obala akwazi ukuthi incazelo yethulwe kanjani.
Ukwakha imibuzo ukuthola ulwazi oludingekayo.
Ukubonisa imithombo efanele yokuthola ulwazi.
Ukuthola ulwazi asebenzisa amagama asemqoka.
Ukukhetha nokuhlolisisa imithombo eyehlukene ehambisana nezihloko ezehlukene.
Ukwenza ukulinganisela aseke ngolwazi analo.
Ukubeka obala phakathi kokuhle nokubi abeke nezizathu bachaze nezizathu.
Ukuxoxa ukuthi ingqikithi ethelela ngayo ulwazi.
Ukwakha imibuzo efanele ukuholelaekufuneni ulwazi oludingekayo.
Ukusebenzisa ukuxoxisana ukuqoqa ulwazi.
Ukufuna ulwazi oluvela kweminye imithombo efanele.
Ukubona imbangela nomphumela emibhalweni ezahlukehlukene zohlelo lwezifundo oluhlanganayo.
Ukubeka umbono wakhe aweseke ngobufakazi obumbene.
Ukuthuthukisa ukuphikisana okulinganisiwe ngezindaba ezifanele ezidinga ukulwiswa.
Ukubuza imibuzo edinga ukucatshangwa ukuze kutholakala incazelo enye.
Ukubuza imibuzo elandela okuke kwabuzwa ukuthola izimpendulo ezizikile.
Ukuxoxa ngokuba neqiniso kolwazingokuqhathanisa neminye imithombo.
Ukuqhathanisa ukuthi izilimi ezahlukehlukene ziwathula kanjani amagama ezinkundla zokufunda ezahlukahlukene.
Ukukhetha imiqondo efanele nasekusebenziseni ukwazi ekufundeni.
Ukukhipha izibonelo kuncazelo.
Ukubikezela i okuzolandela nokuthi kuzophethwa kanjani kusekelwa ngolwazi oluqokelelwe.
Ukuthuthukisa okungenzeka noma izehlakalo zesimo esithile.
Ukuthola izindlela ezahlukehlukene zokwethula umbono esebenzisa iThesorasi axoxe ngomahluko omncane oyaye utholakale kuzincazelo.
Ukuhlela nokuhlukanisa ulwazi achaze nokuthi achaze izizathu ezisekela loku kuhlela.
Ukuqhathanisa ulwazi nemibono babonise ezahlukehlukene.
Ukubeka izehlakalo ezithile ezilandelanayo kwani.
achaze nokulandelana kwazo.
Ukuhlela ulwazi esigabeni, ethebulini, ukwenza into eyodwa ephelele.
Ukuthatha isinqumo anqome ukuthi noma okuthile okubhaliwe kwahlelwa makwenziweni.
Ukuhlola nokwenza izinqumo akwazi kolunye.
nokuchaza isisekelo saloko.
Ukuguqula indlela yokuhlela ulwazi isib.
Ukuqamba nokuchaza imiphumela noma esicatshangelwayo. iziphetho.
Ukucabanga aveze okuthile anikeze ezinye imisebenzi nezifundo ezingasetshenziswa izindlela ezingasetshenziswa ukuxazulula esikhathini esizayo. izinkinga.
Ukulinga ngokubonakalayo nomthelela yemisindo okutholakala olimini.
Ukufunisisa ubudlelwano phakathi kwamagama athile ukuthola ulwazi olusha ngezihloko.
Ukusebenzisa iziqalo, iziqu kanye nezijobelelo/nokuhumusha imibhalo. izakhi ezelulayo ukwakha amagama.
Ukubhala phansi amagama esichazamazwini okungesabo/abazenzela sona.
Ukubonisa inhloko kanye nesenzo emshweni.
Ukusebenzisa izihlanganiso ukwakha imisho embaxa isib, Ubaba uzoya esibhedlela. Ubaba uyagula. Ubaba uzoya esibhedlela ngoba uyagula.
Ukusebenzisa izivumelwano zenhloko/zikamenzi nezikamenziwa.
Ukubonisa nokusebenzisa amabizo, izabizwana, izenzo, izandiso, iziphawulo.
Ukusebenzisa inkulumo ngqo nenkulumo mbiko.
Ukusebenzisa iziqalo, iziqu kanye nezijobelelo izakhi ezelulayo ukwakha amagama. /izakhi ezelulayo ukwakha amagama.
Ukubhala phansi amagama esichazamazwini okungesabo/abazenzela sona. okungesabo/abazenzela sona.
Ukubonisa inhloko kanye nesenzo emshweni.
Ukusebenzisa izivumelwano zenhloko/ nesikamenziwa lapho inhloko nomenziwa zikamenzi nezikamenziwa lapho inhloko noma bengekho kodwa bazwisiswe ukuya umenziwa engekho emshweni. (kodwa ngengqikithi).
izwisiswa ukuya ngokusetshenziswa.
Ukubonisa nokusebenzisa amabizo izabizwana, izandiso, inani, nezihlanganiso, nezindlela izenzo, izandiso, inani, nezihlanganiso. zesenzo.
Ukusebenzisa iziphumuzi ngendlela efanele (isib. Ubaba uye esibhedlela ngoba uyagula).
Ukusebenzisa inkulumo ethulwayo ukubhekana ngqo isib. Umuntu othanda ukudla yisiminzi.
Umfundi uzokwazi ukusebenzisa Ukusebenza ngezigaba imisindo, amagama nohlelo lolimi ukwakha nokuhumusha imibhalo.
Ukusebenzisa izihloko nemisho ukusekela ukuthuthukisa isigaba esibumbene.
Ukuhlanganisa imisho kusigaba usebenzisa isib.
Ukusebenzisa izisho nezaga ngemfanelo.
Ukusebenzisa indlela yokukhuluma yabantu abahlukene ngokomthetho/nokungekho emthethweni (isimo sephimbo).
Ukuthuthukisa ukuba neso elibukhali ekuqondeni ulimi.isib.abheke izindlela eziningi angazisebenzisa ukucela umuntu ukuba enze okuthile (esebenzisa kufanele/ungakwazi/njll), nokuthi loku kuhambisana kanjani nokuhlobana phakathi kokhulumayo nolalele, imiphumela yako nokuthi kumele ilwiswe.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi lokukhuluma ngolimi isib. inkulumo ngqo nenkulumo mbiko, isisho, isaga, okusemthethweni nokungekho.
Ukusebenzisa izihloko nemisho ukusekela ukuthuthukisa isigaba esibumbene. ukuthuthukisa isigaba esibumbene.
Ukuhlanganisa imisho kusigaba usebenzisa isib.
Ukusuka kwenye inkathi uye kwenye aphikisanayo.
Ukusuka kwenye inkathi uye kwenye ngemfanelo nangempumelelo.
Ukusebenzisa izisho nezaga ngemfanelo.
Ukusebenzisa izisho nezaga.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi olufanele abantu injongo kanye negqikithi.isib. indlela okubhekiswe kubo, inhloso kanye negqikithi.
esemthethweni nengekho emthethweni yabantu isib. indlela esemthethweni nengekho abakhuluma ngendlela thile.
Ukuzwisisa nokusebenzisa ulimi thile.
Wakhala wabhonga uma ezwa ukuthi uyise esiyisingathekiso. isib. Muhle yindoni ushonile/Kufa luphi udosi lwakho. yamanzi.
Ukuthuthukisa ukuba neso elibukhali ekuqondeni Ukuthuthukisa ukuba neso elibukhali ekuqondeni ulimi.isib.afunisise ulimi nemifanekisomqondo ulimi isib. afunisise indlela ulimi olusetshenziswa ethile esetshenzisiwe ukwakha ubandlululo, ngayo ukukhangisa ukusigqugquzela ukuthenga ubulili, neminye imibono engasekelwe. izinto esingazizidingifuni, ngaloko kuhlukunyezwe indawo esiphila kuyo.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi lokukhuluma ngolimi isib. Ukusebenzisa ulimi lokukhuluma ngolimi isib.
inani, izihlanganiso, umusho oyisihloko, umshwana oqondile, umshwana okhonzile, okubhekiswe kubo, inkathi, ukwenzasamuntu. isihlanganiso, inkulumo ngqo nenkulumo ebikwayo, isingathekiso.
Kuleli zinga, abafundi bahlanganisa lokho abakufunde emabangeni angaphambili, belungiselela imfundo eqhubekayo kanye nokuzilungiselela ukusebenza. sebelungiselela ukubamba iqhaza elinqala emphakathini obuswa ngentando yeningi, ukungena shi ezindabeni eziphathelene nomphakathi kanye nendawo abahlala kuyo njengesandulela ngculazi nengculazi uqobo lwayo, kanye nokuziphatha ngendlela eyakhayo. Kufanele ulimi lolu balusebenzisele izidingo eziqondene nabo ngqo, umphakathi, isimo esihlelekile ngokusemthethweni kanye nasemfundweni.
Nangamalungelo abo nalokho abanezibophezelo kukho njengezakhamuzi eziphila emphakathini obuswa ngentando yeningi noxube amasiko amaningi.
Leli zinga ligxile ekuhlanganiseni nasekwenabiseni ulimi kanye nokukwazi ukufunda nokubhala.
Ukuba babe abantu abakwaziyo ukuhlaziya ulimi, nokuqonda ukuthi lusebenza kanjani, nanokuthi futhi bakwazi ukuthi balusebenzisele ukufeza izinhloso zabo.
Umfundi usuke esekwazi ukulalela ukuze athole ulwazi nalokho okungamjabulisa, nanokuthi akwazi ukubhekana nezimo zempilo ngendlela efanele esebenzisa iso elihlaziyayo ezimweni eziningi ezahlukahlukene.
Abafundi bazobe belalela ngendlela ephapheme, enozwelo nehlaziyayo emibhalweni eminingi eyahlukene eyethulwa ngomlomo, okufanele bayifingqe, bayiqophe phansi baphinde baphendule kuyo.
Umfundi usuke esekwazi ukuxhumana nabanye ngokuzethemba nangendlela ezwakalayo uma kusuke kuxoxwa ezimweni eziningi ezahlukahlukene.
Abafundi bazokhuluma ngokuzethemba emphakathini, baxoxisane nabanye ngendlela efanele neyimpumelelo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ikakhulu emsebenzini noma uma sebeqhubeka nemfundo yabo.
Umfundi lapha usuke esekwazi ukufunda nokuthi azibhekele ulwazi alufunayo nanokuthi akwazi ukufundela ukuzijabulisa. Lokho kuyamsiza ekutheni akwazi futhi ukuhlaziyisisa lokho okusemqoka mayelana nobuhle, amasiko kanye nemizwa okungahle kutholakale emibhalweni leyo.
Ukufunda kuyisisekelo sokubhala kanye nokunda okubhekene nempilo yomuntu. Abafundi kumele bafunde imibhalo eyahlukene kubandakanya izincwadi eziyiqiniso nezingelona iqiniso ezibhalwe ababhali baseNingizimu Afrika nabakwamanye amazwe. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuthuthukisa ulimi lwabafundi, ulwazi jikelele, kanye nokukhula nje kwabo ngengqondo.
Umfundi lapha usuke esekwazi ukubhala izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemibhalo eyiqiniso nazisusela yona ekhanda ngezinhloso eziningi ezahlukahlukene.
Ukubhala lokhu kuyindlela yokufunda nokuziveza ukuthi usuqhubeke kanjani kanye neyokuxhumana. Esikhathini esiningi kuyindlela yokuhlola abafundi, ngakho-ke ngaleyo ndlela kubalulekile uma umfundi esaqhubeka nokufunda noma uma eseqashwa emsebenzini.
Umfundi lapha usuke esekwazi ukuthi asebenzise ulimi uma ecabanga noma ecabangisisa ejula ngokuninga, khona ezokwazi ukufinyelela olwazini oluthile aludingayo ukuthi aluhlaziye, bese elusebenzisa ekufundeni.
Amakhono amaningi okucabanga athuthukisiwe nolwazi lokufunda nokubhala, kuyisango elikuvulela ekufundeni oqhubeka nakho impilo yakho yonke kanye nasekuzuzeni imiphumela ethuthukisayo nehlaziyayo empilweni.
Umfundi lapha uzobe esenolwazi futhi esekwazi ukusebenzisa imisindo, amagama kanye nohlelo lolimi, ekubhaleni nasekuhumusheni imibhalo ethile.
Abafundi bazofuna ukuthi ulimi lusebenza kanjani, futhi basungule indlela yokulinganisa ulimi uma kusuke kudingidwa izindaba eziluthintayo. Lokhu kubasiza ukuthi bakwazi ukuhlola imibhalo yabo ngehlo elihlaziyayo ukuze bakwazi ukuthola incazelo yokubhaliwe, ukuthi kuphumelele yini nokuthi kwenziwe ngokucophelela na. Bazokwazi futhi ukusebenzisa lolu lwazi ukuhlolisisa ukuthi ulimi luyayakha yini incazelo (ukususela ezingeni legama nomusho ukuya eziqeshini eziphelele) kanye nokubona ukuthi umbhalo kanye nokuchazwa yiwo kuhlobene kanjani. Lokhu kuzobenza babone ukuthi ulimi luguquguquka kanjani nesikhathi nangokwehlukana kwamasiko nokuthi luguquka kanjani ezimweni ezahlukehlukene.
Kulezi zigaba ezilandelayo, izindlela zokuhlola kulowo nalowo mkhakha wesifundo zizonikezwa kulelo nalelo banga. Lapha kuzonikezwa izibonelo zemibhalo engasetshenziswa ekufundeni lesi sifundo solimi. Kufanele kwazeke nokho ukuthi akuzona lezi kuphela izibonelo ezingasetshenziswa, uthisha naye usengangeza ngokuthi azikhethele noma yimiphi eminye imibhalo efanele angayithola.
Abafundi bamabanga 7, 8 no 9 kumele bafunde babheke imibhalo eyahlukahlukene yaseNingizimu Afrika kanye neyakwamanye amazwe kubandakanya izincwadi ezimiselwe ukufundwa ezikoleni.
Ulwazi olunzulu ngezizinda zomlando nokuhlalisana kwabantu okuzokwenza abafundi baqonde kangcono lezo zinto ezingamagugu ezithinta ulimi lwabo.
Uhlaka lwendaba oluyindida kanye nezinhlakana ezincane zendaba.
Izindikimba eziphonsela ofundayo inselelo bese zivusa okuthile kuyena yizona ezikhulisa ukuqonda kangcono lezo zinto ezisemqoka.
Isimo, iphimbo kanye nolimi olusetshenziswayo kufanele kube ngokuguquguqukayo kuhambisane nesimo sendaba.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemisho, ezakhiwe ngezindlela ezahlukene.
Ulwazimagama olukuphonsela inselelo wena olalele nendlela eyiyo yokusebenzisa izaga nezisho.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezimpawu zobunkondlo ezitholakala kulezo zinkondlo ezikhethiwe.
Imibhalo enemifanekiso (lapha kubandakanywa izithombe zebhayisikobho), ezibonisa izimpawu ezifana nokusetshenziswa kwemibala egqamile kanye nalowo omhlophe nomnyama, ukubaluleka kokuqukethwe, isu lokusebenzisa ukukhanya, isimo sesithombe kanye nokudonsa into ekude uyisondeze eduze kanjalo nokuthwebula okuseduze kuvele kahle.
Imibhalo esebenzisa izithombe nokubhaliwe (nezinye izindlela zokuxhumana) uma iqoshwa iveza izimo zezindlela ezinhlobonhlobo.
Imibhalo eyenza abafundi bazame ukufunisisa amasiko ajwayelekile kanye nenzinsizakuxhumana.
Indlela ulimi olwakha ngayo incazelo - umbhali uthatha umbono othile abhale ngawo ngendlela yokuthi abafundayo bakwazi ukuzwa ukuthi uthini.
Indlela abafundi abezwa ngayo ukuthi umbhalo uthini, nokuthi baluveza kanjani ulwazi abasuke sebenalo nalokho okusemqoka kulowo mbhalo lowo.
Izindlela abakhombisa ngazo ukuthi bakuzwile obekushiwo umbhalo lowo ngokuthi basebenzise indlela abaqonda ngayo isakhiwo nendlela abahumusha ngayo umbhalo lowo.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi olungafani okungaba olwesigodi, olwawontanga kanjalo nomthelela wezinye izilimi kwezinye.
UKULALELA Loku kubonakala uma umfundi ekwazi: Umfundi uzokwazi ukulalela ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa aphendule ngendlela Ukulalela nokuncoma imibhalo eveza okuthile, efanele akwazi nokuhlaziya ezimweni ecabangisayo, nelandisayo isib. Izingoma eziningi ezahlukehlukene. ezingamabhaladi, izindaba ezimfushane nezinganekwane.
Ukubhekisisa imibono ebekiwe, ubuze imibuzo ecabangisayo nokubhekana nezinselelo uma kunesidingo.
Ukubona indlela imibhalo evamile eyethulwa ngomlomo ehlelwa ngayo nendlela okuchazwa ngayo izinto ezithize nezimpawu zazo (isib. Umbiko wesimo sezulu, izinkomba okufanele uzilandele, amahlaya, amaculo). Lokhu kubandakanya ukubona amasu athize enza inkulumo ithandeke njengokuhambe uba nesikhawu uma ukhuluma, ukusebenzisa inkulumo eqondile kanye nokukwazi ukubona ubumqoka bokwehla nokwenyuka kwephimbo uma ukhuluma emibhalweni eyahlukahlukene lapho kusebenza khona inzwa yokubuka nokulalela.
Ukulalela nokuncoma imibhalo eyethulwa ngomlomo echukuluza ukusebenzisa iso lomcabango nalokho okuyimibhalo eyethulwa ngomlomo enikeza ulwazi (isib. Izinkondlo, izibongo, iziqephu ezimbili noma ezintathu zezindaba nemidlalo yomsakazo, izingxoxo ezimfushane, izikhangiso zomsakazo nezinkulumompikiswano).
Ukuveza uvo ngemibono eyethuliwe, ubuze imibuzo efunisisayo uphonse nezinselelo uma kunesidingo.
Ukuqonda ukuthi imibhalo evamile eyethulwa ngomlomo ihlelwa kanjani nokuchaza izimpawu ezithile zalolo hlobo lombhalo (isib. izindaba ezimfushane, izibongo, izingxoxo ezimfushane). Lokhu kubandakanya ukubona amasu athile enza inkulumo ithandeke njengokuthi kusetshenziswe amagama akhombisa ubuhlaya, ukusebenzisa umbhinqo, ihaba kanye nokukwazi ukubonisa ukuveza nokuhlaziya imiphumela yemisindo emibhalweni eyahlukahlukene ebukwayo nelalelwayo.
Ukulalela nokuncoma izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemibhalo eyindida efuna ukubhekwa ngeso lomcabango naleyo eyethula ulwazi (isib. Imidlalo yomsakazo, izingxoxo, imibiko elanda ngezehlakalo, izinkondlo ezidlalwayo, ukubukeza izincwadi).
Ukuveza uvo ubhekise olwazini nasemibonweni eyethuliwe, abuze imibuzo efunisisayo uphonse nezinselelo uma kunesidingo.
Ukuhlaziya nokuqhathanisa ukuthi imibhalo eyahlukahlukene eyethulwa ngomlomo ihlelwa kanjani kanye nezimpawu ezithile zalolo hlobo ngalunye (isib. izindaba ezimfushane, amabhaladi, izingxoxwana, izingxoxo, imidlalo yomsakazo, ukufundwa kwezindaba, izinkulumompikiswano). Lokhu kubandakanya ukukwazi ukubona izinto ezenza inkulumo ithandeke njengokusebenzisa amagama angaba nezincazelo eziningi lilodwa, ukusebenzisa inkulumo ehlanekezeliwe ezokwenza uthole incaze umlingiswa abekade engayazi nenkulumo eyeyayo, ukuhlaziya kanye nokuqhathanisa imiphumela yemisindo emibhalweni elalelwayo nebukwayo.
UKULALELA Umfundi uzokwazi ukulalela ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa aphendule ngendlela efanele akwazi nokuhlaziya ezimweni eziningi ezahlukehlukene. Ukubuka nokuhumusha ngendlela efanele lapho kusuke kukhulunywa buthule khona ngezandla nangezimpawu zobuso nomzimba.
Ukubonisa amagama athile, imishwana nemisho enemithelela kubalaleli nechaza umphumela wayo (isib. ulimi olunozwelo, ukwehlukanisa phakathi kwento eyiqiniso nombono, ukubona okuvunayo nokungakhethi cala).
Ukubona kanye nokuchaza ukusetshenziswa kwamasu alokho okwenziwa buthule (isib. Ukuhlangana kwamehlo, ukubonisa ngomnyakazo womzimba, ukusebenzisa ukwehla nokwenyuka kwephimbo, kanye nokuphumula uhambe uba nezikhawu).
Ngokukwazi ukubona imbangela eyenza okhulumayo ukuthi akhethe amagama athile azowasebenzisa, imishwana kanye nemisho eba nomthelela kwakushoyo kanye nomphumela wakho kuloyo olalele (isib. Inkulumo egqugquzelayo, ukwehlukanisa phakathi kweqiniso nombono, ukukwazi ukubona iphuzu elivezwa ngokhulumayo nokubona inkulumo evunayo nengakhethi cala).
Ukubona nokuvumelana nezindlela ezehlukahlukene zokusetshenziswa kolimi -njengokuphimisa okwehlukene nezilimi zesigodi kanye nokuchaza ulimi olusetshenziswa ngontanga (isib. i- Tsotsitaal).
Ukubona kanye nokuchaza ukusetshenziswa kwamasu alokho okwenziwa buthule nomthelela wako kolalele njengokuhlangana kwamehlo, ukusebenzisa ukunyakaza komzimba kanye nokusebenzisa ukunensa nokushesha, ukwehla nokwenyuka kwephimbo.
Ukuchaza imbangela eyenza okhulumayo akhethe amagama athile, imishwana ethile kanye nemisho nemiphumela yokubeka inkulumo ngendlela ethile eba nomthelela kwakushoyo (isib. inkulumo embaxambili ebekwe ngenhloso, ukwehlukanisa phakathi kweqiniso nombono, ukubona iphuzu elivezwa ngokhulumayo, ukubona kanye nokuchaza inkulumo evunayo nengakhethi cala nemfundisoze).
Ukubona nokuvumelana nezindlela ezehlukahlukene zokusetshenziswa kolimi njengokuphimisa okwehlukene nezilimi zesigodi kanye nokukhetha nokuchaza ulimi olufanele lusetshenziswa ngontanga (isib. iTsotsi -Taal).
Ukubona nokuchaza ubumqoka bemiqondo equkethwe imibhalo ephathelene nezomlando, ezenhlalo nezamasiko.
UKUKHULUMA Loku kubonakala uma umfundi ekwazi: Umfundi uzokwazi ukuxoxisana ngokuzethemba nangokuyimpumelelo Ukuveza imiqondo nemizwa ngokuzethemba futhi efanele ekusebenziseni ulimi ezimweni nangosizo oluncane esebenzisa imibhalo ezithile eziningi ezahlukehlukene. ezikhethiwe (isib. izindaba, amahlaya, imidlalo).
Ukuveza imiqondo, amaphuzu nemibono ngokucacile ngendlela ehlelekile nelandelanayo esebenzisa izinhlobo ezithile ezahlukehlukene zeziqephu zomlomo ezinobuqiniso (isib. izingxoxo, izinkulumo mpikiswano ezimfushane).
Ukubonisa amakhono abalulekile kuzinhlobo zeziqephu zomlomo ezikhethiwe.
Ukuphatha izingxoxo nontanga esebenzisa imibuzo elula, elalela futhi ethatha amanothi ngokucophelela.
Ukuveza imiqondo nemizwa ngokuqamba futhi kuvezwe nangosizo olukhulu lokuzethemba nokuzimela esebenzisa imibhalo ezithile (isib. imidlalo, ukulingisa nezingoma).
Ukuveza imiqondo, amaphuzu nemibono ngokucacile ngendlela ehlelekile futhi nangezinga elikhulu lokulandelana kuzihloko eziphonsa inselele esebenzisa izinhlobo ezithile ezahlukehlukene zeziqephu zomlomo ezinobuqiniso (isib. izingxoxo, izinkulumo mpikiswano).
Ukuphatha izingxoxo namalunga omphakathi esebenzisa amasu asemqoka okuxoxisana.
Ukuveza imiqondo, amaphuzu nemibono ngokucacile nangokulandelanayo kuzihloko eziphonsa inselele esebenzisa izinhlobo ezithile ezahlukehlukene zeziqephu zomlomo ezinobuqiniso (isib. ukuchazwa kwezinhlelo zetheknoloji njengokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani ikhomputha noma ividiyo).
Ukuphatha izingxoxo ngokuyimpumelelo kusetshenziswa amasu asezingeni eliphezulu okuxoxisana (isib. ukubuza umbuzo ohlolayo).
UKUKHULUMA Ukubonisa amakhono asemqoka okuxhumana Umfundi uzokwazi ukuxoxisana ngokuzibandakanya ngomdlandla ezingxoxweni ngokuzethemba nangokuyimpumelelo zamaqembu, ekukhulumeni, kuzingxoxo efanele ekusebenziseni ulimi ezimweni nakuzinkulumo- mpikiswano lapho kwenziwa lokho: eziningi ezahlukehlukene.
kubuyiswa igebe ngokubuza imibuzo, ukukhetha, ukugcina izimpendulo ezingenamkhawulo, ukukhombisa uthando olunzulu.
kukhonjiswa uzwelo kumalungelo nemizwa yabanye abantu.
Kuhlukaniswa lapho kufanele kukhonjiswe uzwelo kumalungelo nemizwa yabanye nalapho kufanele kuphonswe inselele olimini olungenazwelo noma olubandlululayo.
Ukubonisa nokuchaza impumelelo yokukwazi ukukhuluma.
Ukubonisa nokuchaza izimpawu ezisiza empumelelweni yokukwazi ukukhuluma.
Ukusebenzisa izifengqo ezifanele ezinjengovuthondaba ipholavuthondaba, ihaba kanye nombuzo ongadingi mpendulo.
Ukuhlaziya impumelelo yokukwazi ukuxhumana kubuye kwenziwe ngcono.
UKUFUNDA NOKUBUKELA Umfundi uzokwazi ukufunda nokubukela ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, aphendule ngokuhlaziya izinzwa, ezamasiko kanye nokuyigugu bozwelo kuziqephu. L oku kubonakala uma umfundi ekwazi: Ukufunda ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze azijabulise kanye nokuthola ulwazi kuzinhlobo ezahlukehlukene zemibhalo ezifundiwe, ukusho izimpendulo zakhe futhi echaza izinhlobo zemibhalo azijabulelayo.
Ukufunda buthule nangokuphimisa efundela izinhloso ezahlukehlukene esebenzisa amasu okufunda afanele (isib. ukucwenga, ukwakha umkhanya, ukuqagela, izici ezikhombisa umkhondo wengqikithi).
Ukubona izinhloso zezethameli kanye nengqikithi yombhalo.
ukubonisa imiqondo esemqoka nokuchaza ukuthi imininingwane iwusekela kanjani umqondo osemqoka.
Ukubona izinhlobo ezahlukehlukene zmibhalo, izimpawu zakhona ezibalulekile kanye nokuchaza ukuthi umbhalo uhlelwa kanjani isib. izinkondlo, iziqephu kumaphephandaba, izikhangiso, imibhalo kumabhuku amafushane.
Ukufunda ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze azijabulise kanye nokuthola ulwazi kuzinhlobo ezahlukehlukene zemibhalo ezifundiwe, ukusho izimpendulo zakhe nezinhlobo zemibhalo azijabulelayo futhi enza iziphakamiso zaleyo mibhalo kwabanye.
Ukuchaza izinhloso zezethameli kanye nengqikithi yombhalo.
Ukubonisa nokuchaza imibono eyehlukene.
Ukuchaza ukuthi izimpawu ezisemqoka nokuhlelwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukehlukene zeziqephu zisiza kanjani ekusebenzeni kwazo (isib. Izinkondlo, amanoveli amancane/ amanovelana, iziqephu kumaphephandaba, izincwadi, amabhaladi, ukubukeza izincwadi).
Ukufunda ngokuzenzakalelayo nangokwedlulele ukuze azijabulise kanye nokuthola ulwazi ezinhlotsheni ezahlukehlukene zemibhalo ezifundiwe, ukuqhathanisa izimpendulo zakhe kanye nokwenza iziphakamiso ezisekelwe.
Ukuchaza nokusho izinhloso zezethameli kanye nengqikithi yombhalo.
Ukuchaza imibono eyehlukene.
Ukuchaza izinhlobo ezahlukehlukene zemibhalo nokusho ukuthi izimpawu ezisemqoka zihlelwa kanjani futhi zisiza kanjani ekusebenzeni kweziqephu (isib. izinkondlo ezinde, amanoveli amancane/amanovelana, imibhalo kumaphephandaba, amadayari, izincwadi, amabhaladi, ukubukeza izincwadi imidlalo emifushane).
UKUFUNDA NOKUBUKELA Ukubonisa ukuqonda isiqephu, injongo yasoUmfundi uzokwazi ukufunda nokubukela nobudlelwano baso empilweni yakhe ngokuchazaukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, uhlaka, ingqikithi, abalingiswa nesimo sendawo.aphendule ngokuhlaziya izinzwa, ezamasiko kanye nokuyigugu bozwelokuziqephu.
Izinhlobo zokufunda nokubhala ezicacile kanye nokusetshenziswa kolimi isib.
Ukuqamba amalunga (isib. ukukhetha nokubeka imifanekiso/izithombe, ukusebenzisa ubukhulu, ukusebenzisa imibala).
Ukubonisa ukuqonda umbhalo, inhloso yawo Ukubonisa ukuqonda umbhalo, inhloso yawo nobudlelwano bawo empilweni yakhe ngokuchaza nobudlelwano bawo empilweni yakhe uhlaka, ingqikithi, abalingiswa nesimo sendawo. ngokuhlaziya ukukhula kohlaka, ingqikithi, okuyigugukwempilo, abalingiswa nesimo senda wo.
uhlobo nesimo sobuciko bokubhala, isimo sombhalo nesobuciko bokubhala.
Ukubona okushiyiwe embhalweni nokuchaza nokuhlalisana nezamasiko kunomthelela ukuthi kungani; kanjani kumlayezo.
Ukubuza ukuthi ingabe uyavumelana nomlayezo osesiqeshini.
Umfundi uzokwazi ukufunda nokubukela nokuhlalisana, ezamasiko, ezemvelo nokuziphatha ukuze athole ulwazi nokuzijabulisa, eziqukethwe yiziqephu njengoba zivezwe yizimo aphendule ngokuhlaziya izinzwa, ezithile zombhalo ezinjengokuqukethwe umbhalo, ezamasiko kanye nokuyigugu bozwelo ulimi, ubuciko bokubhala, abalingiswa.
Ukukhombisa amakhono akhe njengomfundi.
Ukuchaza izindaba eziphathelene namasiko, ezemvelo nokuziphatha eziqukethwe yiziqephu kanye nokubonisa amaphuzu ombhalo eziqukethe ubugugu obuhambelana nazo (isib. Okuqukethwe umbhalo, ulimi, ubuciko bokubhala, umbono oveziwe nabalingiswa).
Ukukhombisa nokuchaza amakhono akhe njengomfundi.
Ukuthatha izinqumo ngokumayelana nezindaba eziphathelene namasiko, ezemvelo nokuziphatha eziqukethwe yiziqephu kanye nokuchaza umphumela iziqephu ezinawo kumfundi namaphuzu ombhalo aletha le miphumela (isib. okuqukethwe umbhalo, ulimi, ubuciko bokubhala, umbono oveziwe nabalingiswa).
Ukukhombisa nokuhlaziya amakhono akhe njengomfundi.
UKUBHALA Loku kubonakala uma umfundi ekwazi: Umfundi uzokwazi ukubhala izinhlobo zeziqephu ezahlukehlukene eziyiqiniso Ukubhala uchungechunge olukhethiwe lwemibhalo nezicatshangwayo ngezinhloso eziningi eveza imicabango: ezahlukehlukene.
Ukwembuleleka ekusebenziseni ulimi ngokuqamba nangokudlalisa kusetshenziswa izindlela zokulanda nezokuchaza izindaba ezibhalwayo, amadayari, izincwadi zobungani, izingxoxo, imidwebo yezinkondlo, amagama emiculweni kanye nezingoma.
Ukukhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukehlukene zeziqephu ezibhaliwe ezikhethiwe eziyiqiniso nalezo ezikhuluma ngezahlakalo ezahlukahlukene (iziqephu kusetshenziswa indlela yokubhala nezithombe-magama) ngezinjongo ezahlukehlukene kusetshenziswa okubonakalayo namalungu aqanjiwe lapho kufanele khona ngokusebenzisa izethulo zofakazi, amaphosta/imifanekiso, izikhangiso, ukubukeza izincwadi, izithako ezisetshenziswa ekubhaleni, imiyalelo enikezelwa emidlalweni.
Ukubonisa amakhono asemqoka kuzimpawu ezikhethiwe zokubhala ngokufanele ohlotsheni lombhalo (isib. ukuqamba isimo sendawo nohlaka ezindabeni ezilandayo, ukukwazi ukubona isigqi nokuvumelana kwamagama enkondlweni, ukusebenzisa ulimi oluqondile ekuchazeni okulula, ukukhombisa ukulandelana ohlelweni oluthile).
Ukwembuleleka ekusebenziseni ulimi ngokuqamba, ukuhlaziya nangokudlalisa kusetshenziswa izindlela zokulanda nezokuchaza izindaba ezibhalwayo, izingxoxo, izinkondlo kanye nezincwadi.
Ukukhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukehlukene zemibhalo ezibhaliwe eyiqiniso naleyo ekhuluma ngezahlakalo ezahlukahlukene (iziqephu kusetshenziswa indlela yokubhala nezithombe-magama) ngezinjongo ezahlukehlukene kusetshenziswa okubonakalayo namalungu aqanjiwe lapho kufanele khona ngokusebenzisa ukwethulwa kabusho kwezigameko, imibiko yemisebenzi ecwaningisisayo, uqweqwe lwamagama, amaphosta/imifanekiso, ukubukeza izincwadi.
Ukubonisa amakhono asemqoka kuzimpawu zokubhala ngokufanele ohlotsheni lombhalo ukuveza umlingiswa, ukuqamba isimo sendawo nohlaka embhalweni olandayo nochazayo, ukukwazi ukubona isigqi nokuvumelana kwamagama enkondlweni, kusetshenziswa umfanekisomqondo olula enkondlweni.
Ukwembuleleka ekusebenziseni ulimi ngokuqamba, ukuhlaziya nangokudlalisa kusetshenziswa izindaba ezilandayo nezichazayo, izingxoxo, izinkondlo, izingoma, izindaba ezimfushane, izincwadi, imidlalo ehambisana nemisindo kanye nemiphumela ebonakalayo.
Ukukhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukehlukene zeziqephu ezibhaliwe eziyiqiniso naleyo ekhuluma ngezahlakalo ezahlukahlukene ngezinjongo ezahlukehlukene kusetshenziswa okubonakalayo namalungu aqanjiwe lapho kufanele khona ngokusebenzisa I-e-mail, imibiko ngezinto ezenzekayo, izikhangiso, amaphosta/imifanekiso, ukubukeza izincwadi, ukubukeza amafilimu, okwethulwa ngofakazi, imibiko yamaphephandaba, incazelo yempilo yomuntu (CV), uhlelo kanye namaminithi omhlangano.
Ukubonisa amakhono avelele kuzimpawu ezahlukehlukene zokubhala ngokufanele ohlotsheni lombhalo, isib. ukuthuthukisa umlingiswa, ukuqamba isimo sendawo nokuthuthukisa nombhalo olandayo, ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukehlukene zezithombemagama ekubhaleni inkondlo yabo.
Ukukhetha nokuhlola izihloko ngokusebenzisa nezicatshangwayo ngezinhloso eziningi ukuxoxisana, ukusebenzisa ibalazwe lemiqondo ezahlukehlukene.
Ukushicilela umkhiqizo wokugcina, kubhekiswa ekwethuleni nakumalunga asemqoka alokho okuqoshiwe.
Ukushicilela umkhiqizo wokugcina, kubhekiswe ekwethuleni okuqanjiwe kanye namalunga okuqamba ahlukene.
Ukushicilela umkhiqizo wokugcina, kubhekiswe ekwethuleni okwakhukahlukene okumbaxa kanye nokuqamba amalunga.
Ukubhekisa nokuqonda incazelo, ukuchaza inhlosonasekusebenziseni ulwazi ekufundeni.
Ukusebenzisa ukwakheka kolimi okufanele ukwethula umcabango ombaxa (isib. ukusetshenziswa kwezihlanganiso "ukuba izinhlelo zokuphepha bezehlukaniswe ngokulingana, ngabe izinga lobugebengu liphansi").
Ukuhlaziya imbangela nomphumela ukujula imbangela isib. Angivumelani nalokhu kwakho, eziqeshini ezibhalwayo nezifundwayo ngoba nokuthi ngisekela umbono wami kanye nemibhalo ezitholakala kuzinhlelo zonke ngo...); zokufunda (isib.
Ukubuza nokuqonda ukuxazulula izinkinga Ukuhlongoza izimpendulo nokuphikisa.
Ukwethula umbono ophikisayo nokunika enye ezimbaxa, imiqondo nemizwa isib.
Ukusebenzisa ulwazi oluyiqiniso nezinkinga ezibhekene nomuntu ngamunye, nokuhumusha okubalekayo ngokuzethemba izihloko ezivame kulo lonke uhlelo lokufunda.
Ukusebenzisa imibuzo, okubhekiswe kukho nokuhlaziya ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukucabanga okuhlaziyayo nokuxazulula inkinga.
Ukusebenzisa amagama asemqoka ukukhetha nasekusebenziseni ulwazi ekufundeni.
Ukusebenzisa amasu afanele ukubhekisa kokuthile nemibuthano lapho kukopelwa (nokusho) ulwazi embhalweni (isib.
Ukusebenza ohlelweni lomsebenzi ezinkundleni zonke zokufunda kanye nokukhiqiza umbhalo ohlelekile.
Ukulungisa ukusetshenziswa kwamasu okubhekiswe kuko kanye nenhlanganisela lapho kukotshelwa khona (kanye nokusho) ulwazi oluvela emithonjeni (isib.
Ukwenza imisebenzi embaxa ngokwandile kuzo zonke izinkundla zokufunda kanye nokukhiqiza umbhalo ohlelekile.
Ukubuza imibuzo ephonsa inselele ephathelene nezindaba zikazwelonke nazo zonke izinhlelo zokufunda isib.
Ukwandisa imithombo yolwazi nezindlela izindlela zokuthola ulwazi oluhambelanayo isib.
Ukwenza imisebenzi embaxa ngokwandile kuzo zonke izinkundla zokufunda kanye nokukhiqiza umbhalo ohlelekile.
Ukuhlela ulwazi ngendlela efanele isib.
Ukuguqula ulwazi ukususela ohlelweni olulodwa [noma ulimi lapho kudingeke khona] ukuya kolunye isib.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi olufanele ukwenza ukuqhathanisa isib.
Ukukhetha okuhle nolwazi olufanele ukusuka ezinhlotsheni ezahlukehlukene zemithombo yolwazi ukuya kokomuntu oyedwa, nokuhlela okungezwayo nomqondo womuntu ukuya esiqeshini somsebenzi sokulandelanayo nokwethulwayo.
ezahlukehlukene zokuthatha nezokwenza ukukhetha, ukulandelanisa, ukubuthanisa amanothi isib.
Ukususela emishweni elula ukuya kwembaxa. olumbaxa ngokwandile kanye nokwakheka kohlelo lolimi ukuze kucaciswe okuthile nenhloso.
Ukusebenzisa ukubhala ukuze athuthukise nasekusebenziseni ulwazi ekufundeni. imiqondo isib.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokufunda ngenjongo yokuxazulula izinkinga isib.
Ukuqhathanisa ukuthi izilimi ezahlukehlukene ziwaveza kanjani amagama ahlukene emikhakheni ezahlukehlukene zokufunda, nokwenza ukuxhumana ukusiza ukuqonda nokusiza ekuxazululeni inkinga.
Ukubheka ukungefani kwezinto nokukusebenzisa ngokuqambayo nangendlela enhle isib.
Ukuqhathanisa ukuthi izilimi ezehlukene ziwethule kanjani amagama kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokufunda, nokwakha ukuxhumana ukusiza ukuqonda kanye nokusiza ekuxazululeni izinkinga.
Ukubheka ukungefani nokuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwakho ngokuqambayo nangendlela enhle isib.
Ukuqhathanisa ukuthi izilimi ezehlukene ziwethule kanjani amagama ezinkundleni ezehlukene zokufunda, nokwakha ukuxhumana ukusiza ukuqonda kanye nokusiza ekuxazululeni izinkinga.
Ukubhekisa ekuthuthukiseni ikhono lakho nasekusebenziseni ulwazi ekufundeni.
Ukubhekisa ekhonweni lomuntu ngamunye njengosizayo kokwenziwa yiqembu nokubonisa amathuba okuthuthuka.
Ukuhlanganisa okubhekiswe kukho ngekhono lomuntu ngamunye njengosizayo kokwenziwa yiqembu nokubonisa amathuba okuthuthuka.
Ukubhekisa bese ebuza imibuzo futhi abhekane nemibono (kubandakanya ukubhekana nalabo abanomqondo owodwa) kulokho okubonwayo nokufundwayo.
Ukuguqula imibono yakhe, lapho kufanele khona, emva kokuzwa noma ukufunda imibono yabanye.
Ukuhlaziya ukuthi izilimi zibolekisana kanjani ngamagama, nokuthi amagama amasha aqanjwa kanjani futhi asetshenziswe ngendlela efanele.
Ukusho ukuthi izilimi zibolekisana kanjani eyodwa ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwamagama ngamagama, nokuthi amagama amasha kulokho okuqukethwe.
Ukuchaza ukuthi izilimi zibolekisana kanjani ngamagama, nokuthi amagama aguquka kanjani nesikhathi kanye nokuthi amagama amasha aqanjwa kanjani.
Ukubona nokusebenzisa amabizo, izenzo, Umfundi uzokwazi ukusebenzisa imisindo, iziphawulo, izibaluli ongumnini, inani, izabizwana, amagama kanye nohlelo lolimi ukwakhaka izihlanganiso, izibabazo, izenzukuthi, izibanjalo;nokuhumusha iziqephu.
Ukubona nokusebenzisa imishwana ebalulayo nezabizwana ezibalulayo isib.
Ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukehlukene ezahlukehlukene zemishwana ngendlela zemishwana ngendlela efanele isib. uma efanele isib.
Ukubona nokusebenzisa imishwana ebalulayo ubhekise kumenziwa emshweni isib. igolide nezabizwana ezibalulayo isib. Njengoba bese ligujwa eNingizimu Afrika, ukususa umenzi lishonile ilanga, uvele waqonda ekhaya; isib.
Ukuhlaziya umehluko ohlelweni lolimi isib.
osemqoka emshweni kanye nokuhlukanisa phakathi kwezigaba nemishwana kuchungechunge lwemisho.
Ukusebenzisa ngokwehlukana izihloko nemisho Umfundi uzokwazi ukusebenzisa imisindo, esekelayo (isib. ukubeka inhloko yomusho amagama kanye nohlelo lolimi ukwakhaka ekugcineni) ukuthuthukisa izigaba ezihambelanayo; nokuhumusha iziqephu.
Ukuhlela izigaba ngokulandelana ngohlelo oluhlelekile ukwakha iziqephu ezelulekile.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi lwezisho ngendlela efanele.
Ukusebenzisa ngokwehlukana izihloko nemisho esekelayo isib. Ukubeka inhloko nemisho esekelayo isib.
Ukuhlanganisa imisho kuzigaba ezihambelanayo kusetshenziswa amagama ezihambelanayo kusetshenziswa amagama ahlanganisayo, amagama avame ahlanganisayo njenga 'nakhona kunjalo', ukusetshenziswa ndawonye; omqondofana, omqondophika, nezimpinda.
Ukuhlela izigaba ngokulandelana ngohlelo oluhlelekile ukwakha imibhalo ezelulekile.
Ukusebenzisa ulimi lwezisho ngendlela efanele kunini futhi yikuphi lapho indlela nangendlela enokuqamba.
Ukusebenzisa izisho zolimi ngendlela efanele neqambayo.
Ukubona nokusebenzisa amagama akhombisa uzwelo ebulilini, kwibala, kwezemvelo, kwezempilo nakwezinye izindaba eziphathelene nokuhlalisana kanye namasiko.
Ukuhlanganisa ukubona nokusebenzisa amagama akhombisa ngokwandile uzwelo ebulilini, kwibala, kwezemvelo, kwezempilo nakwezinye izindaba eziphathelene nokuhlalisana kanye namasiko.
Ukuhlaziya ukusetshenziswa kwamagama amahle akhombisa uzwelo ebulilini, kwibala, kwezemvelo, kwezempilo nakwezinye izindaba eziphathelene nokuhlalisana kanye namasiko.
Uhlaka lokuhlola lwesitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke samabanga R - 9 (ezikoleni) sisekelwe phezu kwemigomo yemfundo esekelwe phezu kwemiphumela. Ukuhlola kufanele kukhombise indlelaumfundi aqhubeka ngayo, kube kuqikelelafuthi ukuthi abafundi bayakwazi ukudidiyela ulwazi namakhono. Ukuhlola lokhu kufanele kubuye kusize abafundi ukuthi bakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ngokusebenza kwabo, ukuzihlelela izinhloso zokuqhubeka nokubuye bachukuluze imizwa yabo yokuqhubeka nokufunda.
Ukusiza ekuhlolweni komfundi lesi sitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke.
Sibeka izindlela zokuhlola njengento ebalulekile enqubweni yokuhlola kulelo nalelo banga. Izindlela zokuhlola zichaza izinga elindelekile lokwenza nezindlela zokwenza ezahlukehlukene zemiphumela yesifundo ngasinye sebanga ngalinye. Ukwenza kwabafundi emiphumeleni yesifundo kumele kulingwe kubhekwe nezindlela zokuhlola.
Ukuhlola esitatimendeni esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke esibukeziwe samabanga R - 9 (ezikoleni) kuyinto eqhubekayo, yokuqoqa ulwazi oluqokelelwe ngokubheka umsebenzi wabafundi obhekwa kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuhlola imiphumela yokufunda. Kudinga izimpawu ezichazwe kahle namasu okwenza ahlukehlukene ukwenza othisha bakwazi ukunikeza abafundi umbiko womsebenzi nokubika kubazali nabanye abantu abanentshisekelo.
Imfundo esekelwe phezu kwemiphumela indlela yokufundisa nokufunda ekubeka kucace okumele abafundi bakuzuze. Umgomo esebenza ngawo ukuthi uthisha kumele asho kuqala ukuthi abafundi kulindeleke ukuba bafinyelelephi. Umsebenzi kathisha ukufundisa ukuze asize abafundi ukuba bafinyelele ezidingweni zezindlela zokuhlola esohlelweni lwezifundo; umsebenzi womfundi ukufunda noma akwazi ukwenza okudingwa izindlela zokuhlola. Ukuhlola kusemqoka emfundweni esekelwe phezu kwemiphumela ngoba kumele kubelula ukuhlola lapho umfundi esefinyelele kokudingekayo ebangeni ngalinye.
Kuveze obala yonke imininingwane futhi kubeke iqonde ngqo.
Kuhlanganiseke nokufundisa kanye nokufunda.
Kuhlukahluke ngezindlela, amasu, izikhali zokuhlola kanye nengqikithi.
Kube yiqiniso, kukhombe ukwethembeka, ubuqotho, kuhambisane nomfundi kuvume ukuguquguka ngokwanele ukuvumela amathuba andayo.
Inhlosongqangi enkulu yokuhlola abafundi kumele kube ukwandisa ukukhula nokuthuthuka komuntu ngamunye, kungenzelwa ukuthatha izinqumo zenqubekelaphambili ngale ndlela, ukuhlola kusetshenziselwa ukuqaphela inqubekela phambili yabafundi, kanye nokubalungiselela/nokubasiza ekufundeni. Zinhlanu izindlela eziqondile zokusebenzisa ukuhlola.
Ukuhlola okuyisisekelo Ukuhlola okuyisisekelo kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwebanga noma izinga ukuzama ukuthola ukuthi abafundi yini abakwaziyo Isiza othisha ukuhlela izinhlelo zezifundo kanye nemisebenzi yokufunda.
Ukuhlola okufunisisayo Ukuhlola okufunisisayo kusetshenziselwa ukufunisisa uhlobo nembangela yezingxaki ekufundeni okwenzakala kumfundi othize. Kulandelwa ukuhola okulungisayo, ukusekela okufanele nezindlela zokungena ulungise, noma ukubathumela kwabanolwazi ukuze bathole usizo ikakhulukazi kubafundi abanezidingo ezingajwayelekile.
Ukuhlola okwakhayo. Ukuhlola okwakhayo kuhlola kuphinde kusekele ukufunda okufunda, kuphinde kusetshenziselwe ukunikezaabafundi nothisha ngenqubekela phambili yabafundi ukwenza ukufunda kube ngcono. Imibiko eyakhayoyomsebenzi wabafundi iyanikezwa ukuze abafundi bakhule ngolwazi.
Ukuhlola okuhleliwe. Ukuhlola okuhleliwe ukuhlola ukusebenza ngemfanelo kohlelo lwemfundo. Ingxenye eyodwa yalolu hleloibheka ukusebenza komfundi kuqhathaniswa nezinkomba zokuhlola okuvunyelenwe ngazo kuzwelonke. Ukuhlola okuhleliwe kwenziwa ukupheleni kwezinga ngalinye lenhlanganisela yemfundo jikelele nokuqeqesha. Isibonelo sezikole kanye nabafundi siyakhethwa ezifundazweni noma kuzwelonke ukuze kwenziwe ukuhlolaokuhleliwe.
Izimpawu zokuhlola okuqhubekayo.
Ukuhlola okuqhubekayo yikona okusetshenziswa kusitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke.
Kuthatha isikhathi esithile kwenziwa kanti kuyaqhubeka: Ukufunda kuyahlolwa njalo nje bese amarekhodi okuqhubeka ayalungiswa abukezwe kuze kuyophela unyaka.
Kusekele ekukhuliseni kanye nasekuthuthukiseni abafundi: Abafundi babamba iqhaza ngemfanelo ekufundeni nasekuhloleni, bayangena ekuzihloleni, bazibukele abanokukwenza bona ngokwabo, babheke ukufunda kwabo bese baba nolwazi lokulungisa ububona, ngaleyo ndlela kwenyuse ukuzethemba.
Kunikeza indlela eyakhayo yokubika umsebenzi wabafundi evela ekufundeni nasekufundiseni. Izindlela zokubika umsebenzi yinto esemqoka kakhulu yokuhlola okwakhayo. Izindlela zokubika ukulungiswa komsebenzi zifaka indlela efanele yokubuza, kubhekwe indlela uthisha anikeze imibono yakhe ngomlomo noma ngokubhala ngokwakufanele umsebenzi wokuhlola nokugqugquzela umfundi ukuthi afinyelele kukho.
Kuvumela ukuhlola okuhlangene: Lokhu kungafakela ukuhlola izindlela zokuhlola ephakathi komsebenzi wokuhlola owodwa, kuphinde kuhlanganise izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuhlola, imigomo kanye nezikhali zokuhlola izindlela zokuhlola Ukwazi ukwenza okushiwo izindlela zokuhlola ezithile noma umphumela wesifundo othile kungaboniswa ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukahlukene, ngalokho izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwenza kanye namathuba kumele zethulwe ukuze abafundi baveze amakhono abo.
Kusebenzisa amasu okwenza ezbandakanya izidingo zabafundi abahlukahlukene eziphathelene nolimi nomzimba, nengqondo, nemizwa kanye namasiko: Ukuhlola okuqhubekayo kwenza othisha babe nozwelo phezu kwabafundi abanezidingo ezingajwayelekile nokukwazi ukususa okuvimba ukuthi abafundi bahluleke ukufunda besebenzisa izindlela ezikwazi ukuguquguqulwa. Nanoma kukuliphi iqembu labafundi, kukhona izilinganiso nezindlela zokufunda ezahlukahlukene Bonke abafundi abadingi ukuhlolwa ngesikhathi esilinganayo kanye nangendlela efanayo.
Kuyakuvumela ukuhlola okuqoqayo: Ukuqoqelwa ndawonye kwemisebenzi yokuhlola okuqoqayo kunikeza isithombe esiphelele sokuthi umfundi uqhuba kanjani ngesikhathi esithile esinikeziwe Ukuhlola okuqoqayo kudinga ukuhlelwa ngemfanelo kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka, ngenhloso yokubandakanya izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuhlola -isibonelo -, imisebenzi, amaphrojekthi, izivivinyo - kuzokwazi ukunikeza abafundi amathuba ahlukahlukene okhombisa abakufundile.
Ukukhetha amaqhinga okuhlola kuyinto umuntu azicabangela yona, kuhluke kuthisha nothisha, ibanga nesikole ngasinye kusekelwe ekwazini ukuthatha isinqumo esinolwazi kukathisha . Ukuba khona kwendawo kanye nemithombo kunomthelela kulesi sinqum, kodwa noma imithombo ifana, othisha bayehluka ekukhetheni okuthile.
Izindlela namasu okwenza nezikhali zokuhlola ezikhethelwe imisebenzi yokuhlola kumele ziyifanele izindlela zokuhlola okumele zihlolwe, kanye nenhloso yokuhlola kumele kuzwisiswe yibo bonke abafundi nothisha okubhekiswe kubo. Ukukwazi ukwenza okuthgile kungaboniswa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene eziningi. Ngaloko izindlela eziningi ezahlukahlukene ziyadinga ukunikeza abafundi ithuba lokubonisa amakhono abo ngokugcwele.
Umsebenzi ofanayo wokuhlola wakhiwe njengesikhali esithuthukisayo. Ungabekwa ezingeni lezwe isifundazwe, isigodi noma amaqoqo. Uhlolwa ngothisha uhlolwe ngemfanelo ngabangekho esikoleni/ ngaphandle kwesikole.
Ukuqinisekisa amathuba avulekile umfundi angaba nawo.
Isikole kanye nothisha banesibopho sokuhlola abafundi. Othisha balindeleke ukuba bakhe indlela yokuhlola eyiqiniso, ethembekayo nekholekayo. Inqubomgomo yesifundazwe kumele iqikelele ukuthi abafundi, amaqembu okuhlola ezikole, amaqembu abasekeli besifunda, usizo olusekelayo, kanye nabazali babamba iqhaza ngokufanele.
Ileso naleso sikole kumele sithuthukise inqubomgomo wokuhlola osekelwe ngomhlahlandlela wesifundazwe kanye nokazwelonke. Kumele sibe neqembu lesikole lokuhlola kanye nohlelo lesikole lokuhlola ukuze baqhubele phambili ukusetshenziswa kwale nqubomgomo. Iqembu kumele libe namalunga amela izinga kanye nemikhakha yezifundo.
Indlela yokuhlola okuqhubekayo okuhlelwe nokuzosetshenziswa ngayo.
Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kuyo yonke imkikhakha yokuhlola.
Ukuthola ukuvumelana phakathi kothisha abasebangeni elilodwa ngaloko abakubona kudingeka ukwenelisaizindlela zokuhlola kanye nemiphumela yesifundo.
Ukufinyelela ekuqondeni ngokufanayo inqubomgomo wokuhlola wesikole.
Ukulonda ng okubhalwa kusemqoka kuko konke ekuhloleni, ikakhulukazi kukuhlola okuqhubekayo. Incwadi yokubhalwa phansi noma ifayela kumele ilondwe iphinde ilungiswe njalo uthisha nothisha.
Okubhalwa phansi kumele kusekelwe ngokuhlola okusemthethweni nokungekho emthethweni. Konke okubhalwe phansi kumele kufinyeleleke kukho, kukwazi ukuchazeka kalula, kulondwe ngemfanelo, kugcine okuyisifuba kuphinde kusize ekufundiseni nasendleleni yokubhala phansi.
Inqubomgomo wesikole wokuhlola ibeka obala imininingwane ngendlela okufanele okubhalwa phansi kwenziwe ngayo. Amakhodi okuhlola asetshenziselwa ukwethula ukuthi umfundi usebenza kanjani uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuhlola nemiphumela yezifundo. Amakhodi asetshenzisiwe kumele abonakale kahle aphinde aqondwe ngabafundi kanye nabazali. Amakhodi ongawasebenzisela ukuhlola Ziningi izindlela zokunikeza umbiko ngomsebenzi wokuhlola wabafundi owethulwa ngukuthisha ukuze akubhale phansi.
Ukuthi izinga lokusebenza labafundi kumele yini liqhathaniswe nelontanga, nelokwenza elidlule; kanye /noma nezidingo zezindlela zokuhlola nemiphumela yezifundo.
Uma uthisha eseqaphelisise izinto ezethulwe ngenhla wathatha nezinqumo ngenhloso nohlobo lomsebenzi wokuhlola, yilapho angakhetha amakhodi afanele okuhlola. Amanye amakhodi alungele izinhloso ezithile kunamanye. Isibonelo, amaphuzu abekwayo angaba nomthelela kokunye, anagabheka umfundi ngamunye abeke nemibono yokuthi kungalungiswa kanjani. Imibono ebekiwe iyasiza ekwethuleni umbiko ngezinga lokusebenza lomfundi kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuhlola. Nokho -ke, imibono ithatha isikhathi eside ukubhalwa kanti akukho lula ukuyirekhoda. Amakhodi afana no'kuhle ngokweqile', 'kuhle kakhulu', 'kuhle', 'kulingene' no akulingene' asheshe abhaleke avumele nokubona ukuqhubeka kuhlola kuqhathaniswa nomsebenzi odlule kanye nezindlela zokuhlola. Nokho-ke azinikezi imininingwane eyethulwa yile mibono. Amamaki ngakwelinye icala, ayashesha ukubhaleka phansi aphinde ahlanganiswe, aphindaphindwe, ahlukaniswe. Ayasiza ekuhloleni izinga lokwenza lomfundi kuqhathaniswa nafunda nabo ekilasini, namanye amazinga noma izikole. Nokho -ke zinikeza ulwazi oluncane ngezinga lokwenza labafundi kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zukuhlola.
Amathebula (amarubhriki) akhelwe ikakhulukazi umsebenzi noma umbiko wokuhlola. Noma ngabe ukhetha yiphi ikhodi yokuhlola, ukukwethula kokulungiswa komsebenzi kusebenza kangcono uma uditshaniswa nemibono ebekiwe. Kukhona ukuthi kungaba khona ukulungiseka kokufinyelelwa kokuthile uma abafundi banikezwa ukulungiswa komsebenzi okubhaliwe kunokubanikeza amamaki kuphela. Nanoma amamaki namaphesenti asiza ezinhlosweni zokubhala phansi, njengoba kulula ukubhala amamaki encwadini yokurekhoda, azikulungelanga ukunikeza umbiko nomsebenzi ezinye izinkinga zamamaki ukuthi zingaguquguqulwa ngezindlela eziningi nokuthi zifihla okuningi ngokuzuzwe ngumfundi nenqubekela phambili yakhe. Uma abafundi baqede umsebenzi wokuhlola ongaphezulu kowodwa kuba nokulingeka kokufuna ukusebenzisa amamaki ngendlela yezibalo, yokuwahlanganisa bese bewahlukanisa ngokulingana. Uma loku kwenziwa amamaki alahlekelwa ubumqoka ekunikezeni ulwazi. Amamaki ahlukaniswe ngokulingana noma ahlanganisiwe afihla iphuzu lokuthi umfundi angabe esefinyelele ekufundeni okudingekayo ngemfanelo kweyodwa ingxenye engafinyelelanga kwenye . Amamaki anikeza umbono - jikelele wokufinyelela kokuthile kodwa afihle izizathu zokufinyelela kokuhlola (noma ukungabi khona kokufinyelela) okuvela komunye umfundi, nokuvimbela ukubhekana-ngqo kokufunda okuthile okuvela ekuhloleni. Ziphinda futhi zingachazi ukuqhubeka komfundi ohlelweni lwezifundo ngemfanelo. Ezindaweni eziningi ukuba nemaki elilodwa (uma nje kungeligculisayo) ithathwa njengesiboniso sokuqhubeka okuhle. Imaki lama- 70 uma liqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuhlola yebanga lesi-5 kanye nemaki lama-70 liqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuhlola yebanga lesi-6 lifihla ngokuphelele inqubekela phambili umfundi abe nayo phakathi konyaka, echazwa kangcono esitatimendeni, ikhodi, noma um (imi)bono ebekiwe.
Bheka izibonelo ezinikeziwe kusigaba esiphathelene namakhadi okubika, ngezansi.
Ekupheleni komunye nomunye unyaka, uhlu lohlelo lokuqhubeka kwabafundi kumele lugcwaliswe, lusayinwe ngumphathi-sikole kanye nesisebenzi somnyango wemfundo. Uhlu lohlelo yirekhodi enolwazi olufingqiwe ngenqubekelaphambili yabo bonke abafundi ebangeni elithile esikoleni.
Usuku nalapho umphathisikole, uthisha, noma omunye umfundisi, kanye nesisebenzi soMnyango wemfundo esayina khona.
Umbiko womfundi irekhodi eliqhutshwayo lolwazi olunikeza inqubekelaphambili jikelele yomfundi, ifaka ukuthuthukiswa okuphelele kwezinto ezimqoka, izimo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezokuhlalisana. Isiza uthisha osebangeni noma esikoleni esilandelayo ukuqonda umfundi kangcono, bese aphinde phendule izidingo zomfundi kangcono. Umbiko womunye nomunye umfundi kumele uqashelwe ngokucophelela iphinde ihambe nabafundi uma beloku befunda isikole.
Imininingwane ngobuyena, kufakelwa nesithombe somfundi asithathe ebangeni akulo.
Fomu lokudlulisela umfundi kwesinye isikole.
Umbiko womfundi ungena endaweni yawo yonke imibhalo yamarekhodi eke yasetshenziswa esikoleni, njengama khadi okurekhoda, amakhadi okufundisa kanye nakhadi ayi 'Edlab'.
Imininingwane ngobuyena embikweni okungamele nanini isetshenziswe ukubandlulula ngokungafanele.
Imibiko yomfundi akufanele ididaniswe namaphothfoliyo/iqoqomibhalo. Iphothfoliyo/iqoqomibhalo iyindlela yokuhlola enikeza bobabili umfundi nothisha amathuba okubheka umsebenzi owenzelwe imisebenzi yokuhlola eminingana. Lo msebenzi ufakwa phakathi kwephepha eligoqwayo, ifayili noma ibhokisi. Umbiko womfundi, ngakwelinye icala, yirekhodi eliqukethe ulwazi ngomfundi.
Othisha kumele kube yibona abaphendula kubafundi, abazali, imfundo yonke kanye nomphakathi obanziekuhloleni abafundi babo. Loku kwenziwa ngokubika. Ukwengeza emibikweni ebhaliwe, ukwethula okwenziwa ngomlomo nomangokwenza okuthile, imibukiso yabafundi kanye nemibukiso kungasetshenziswa.
Ukulungisa umsebenzi okwakhayo, okufanele kuqukethe imibono ngezinga lokwenza lomfundi Uma kuqhathaniswa nontanga yakhe kanye nkwenza kwakhe okwedlule kuqhathaniswa nezidingo zemikhakha zezifundo.
Ukubika kubazali kumele kwenziwe njalo nje ukugqugquzela ukubamba iqhaza nokusiza kwabo. Othisha kumele banikeze umbiko ekupheleni kwenye nenye ingxenye besebenzisa amakhadi okubika asemthethweni.
Kwesinye isikhathi akukwazeki ukunikeza ulwazi ngokuzuzwe emphumeleni wesifundo ngasinye. Nokho -ke, umbiko kumele unike ulwazi ngokuzuzwe komunye nomunye umkhakha wezifundo noma izinhlelo.
Uma umfundi afinyelele oku-2 noma kokungaphezulu koku - kungxenye yemiPhumela yeziFundo enKundleni yokuFunda, umfundi udlule izidingo zenKundla yesifundo noma uHlelo lweziHlelo lesiFundo ezingeni lalelo banga.
Uma umfundi efinyelele koku-3 noma kokungaphezulu koku- (1, 2) engxenyeni yemiphumela yezifundo emkhakheni yokufunda, yena ufinyelele kuzidingo zemikhakha yesifundo noma uhlelo lesifundo ezingeni lalelo banga.
Usuku nendawo lapho kusayina umzali noma umlondolozi wengane.
Izindawo okumele aqinise kuzo nezidingo okufanele azifeze.
Nikeza incazelo yamandla okufunda, izidingo ezithuthukisayo, noma izindawo ezidinga ukusekwa ezidingwa ngabafundi emikhakheni yesifundo ngasinye noma uhlelo lokufunda. Sebenzisa amakhodi aphelele kazwelonke ukuhlolisisa ukwenza komfundi kumiphumela yesifundo eyenziwe ukufika endaweni ethile -akudingeki ukuthi unikeze amakhodi omphumela wokufunda ngamunye. Embikweni wokuphela konyaka, mukwenza komfundi okuphele kuyo yonke imiphumela kumele kuboniswe.
Ukubeka imibono ngomkhakaha yesifundo noma uhlelo lokufunda ngalunye.
Ukunikeza imibono ngomunye nomunye wemikhakha zesifundo noma uHlelo lwezifundo, kugcizelelwa kakhulu kubafundi abedlule ngokweqile kokumele kuzuzwe noma abadinga ukusekelwa kukho futhi . Ukubeka imibono ngamandla okufunda athile kanye nezindawo ezidinga ukusekelwa kumele zixhumane nezindlela zokuhlola. Le mibono izovumela abazali, abafundi, kanye nabanye abafundisi ukuthola ukuqonda ukuthi umfundi udinga ukusekelwa okunjani.
Ukuhlola-Uhlelo oluqhubekayo oluhlelekile lokuqokelela ulwazi ngomsebenzi womfundi, kulinganiswa nezindlela zukuhlola.
Amasu zokuhlola-Ukwazi, amakhono, kanye nokuyigugu abafundi okufanele bakuveze ukuze bathole imiphumela yokufunda eb angeni ngalinye.
Ukuhlola okuyisisekelo-Ukuhlola kokuqala okusetshenziswa ukuthola lokho abafundi asebakwazi.
Ukuhlola okuqhubekayo-Isibonelo sokuhlola okugqugquzela ukuhlanganiswa kokuhlola ekufundiseni kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwabafundi ngokusebenzisa ukubika ngokulungiswa komsebenzi.
Imiphumela enqala-Ihlangene nemiphumela ethuthukisayo, imiphumela ebalulekile yesitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke samabanga R - 9 (ezikoleni) egqugquzelwa ngumthethosisekelo -ibandakanya amakhono empilo yabafundi, njengokuxhumana, ukucabanga ngokuhlaziya, ukwenza kanye nokwazi ukuphatha, umsebenzi weqembu kanye nowomphakathi, kanye nokuvivinywa kwamakhono.
Uhlelo lwezifundo lwezi-2005- Lokhu kubhekiswe ohlelweni lokulandisa lokuqala lwesitatimende sohlelo lokufunda lukazwelonke emva kobandlululo. Le ncwadi yenqubo yemfundo ye-1997 inikeza umhlahlandlela yokuthuthukiswa komntwana kokuqala, imfundo nokuqeqesha jikelele, imfundo eqhubekayo nokuqeqesha, kanye nemfundo eyisisekelo yabadala nokuqeqesha. Isitatimende sohlelo lwemfundo kazwelonke esibukeziwe samabanga R - 9 (izikole) sihlose ukuqinisa uhlelo lwemfundo luka-2005.
Imiphumela ethuthukisayo/ ekhulisayo- Zihlangene nemiphumela ehlaziyayo, nemiphumela ebalulekile yesitatimende sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke, samabanga R- 9 (ezikoleni) ezigqugquzelwa ngumthethosisekelo - zibandakanya ukwenza abafundi bakwazi ukufunda ngokuyimpumelelo, babe ngabenza okufanele, abazwelayo nezakhamuzi eziyizibonelo.
Isigaba sokuphuma-Uma abafundi beqeda ibanga-9 futhi banikezwa isitifiketi sokufunda nokuqeqesha okujwayelekile.
Izinga eliyisisekelo-Isigaba sokuqala semfundo jikelele kanye nenhlanganisela yokuqeqesha - ibanga R, 1, 2 kanye no-3.
Imfundo jikelele kanye nokuqeqesha okuyinhlanganisela-Iminyaka elishumi yokufunda ephoqelekile, eyenziwe isigaba esiyisisekelo, esiphakathi kanye nesiphakeme.
Imfundo jikelele kanye nesitifiketi sokuqeqesha-Isitifiketi esitholakale ekuqedeni ngempumelelo imfundo jikelele kanye nenhlanganisela yemfundo.
Ukuhlanganisa-Umgomo obalulekile wesitatimende sohlelo lwezifundo lukazwelonke, edinga umfundi asebenzise ukwazi kwakhe kanye namakhono avela kwezinye izingxenye zokufunda, noma ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zenkundla eyodwa efanayo, ukwenza imisebenzi kanye nezinto ezithile.
Izinga eliphakathi -Isigaba sesibili semfundo jikelele kanye nenhlanganisela yokuqeqesha - ibanga 4, 5, kanye no-6.
Ulimi lokufunda kanye nokufundisa-Ulimi olusetshenziswa kaningi endaweni yokufunda kanye nokufundisa ethile. Abanye abafundi bahlangabezana nokukwazi ukufunda kanye nokufundisa olimini olwengeziwe (hhayi ulimi lwabo).
Imikhakha yezifundo-Izingxenye eziyisishiyagalombili zolwazi kusitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke samabanga R -9 : Izilimi, izibalo, injulalwazi ephathelene nezemvelo, ubuchwepheshe, injulalwazi ephathelene nokuhlalisana kwabantu, ubuciko kanye namasiko, ezempilo, kanye nenjulalwazi yezokuphatha nezomnotho.
Isitatimende somkhakha wesifundo-Isitatimende somkhakha wesifundo ngayinye ebeka imiphumela yezifundo kanye nezindlela zokuhlola.
Imiphumela yezifundo-Imiphumela yezifundo ivela kumiphumela ezihlaziyayo kanye nezithuthukisayo, zibuye zisho ukuthi yini abafundi okufanele bayazi futhi bakwazi ukukwenza ekupheleni kwesibanga, isigaba, noma inhlanganisela.
Umbiko/I-Profayili yomfundi-Irekhodi layo yonke inqubekelaphambili yomfundi, kubandakanya ulwazi, ukuthuthukiswa kwezenhlalo, ukusekelwa kwezidingo, izifanekiso zomsebenzi kanye nemibiko yonyaka.
Izinhlelo zezifundo-Izinhlelo zezinto zokufunda, kubandakanya okuqukethwe kanye nezindlela zokufunda -lokhu kuholwa isitatimende sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke samabanga R -9, (ezikoleni) kodwa luthuthukiswa izifundazwe, izikole kanye nothisha.
Indlela yokubeka amakhodi kazwelonke. -Umthetho wohlelo lokusebenza lukazwelonke ukubika ngenqubekelaphambili yomfundi.
Imiphumela -Imiphumela ekupheleni kohlelo lokufunda emfundweni esekelwe kumiphumela yesifundo -lemiphumela isiza ukwakha uhlelo lokufunda.
Uhlelo lwezifundo olusekelwe emiphumeleni-Uhlelo kanye nalokho okubhekise kumphumela, umsebenzi oyisisekelo kanye nohlelo lokufunda olubhekiswe kumfundi. Ngokulandela le ndlela, uhlelo lwezifundo lwezi-2005 kanye nesitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke kuhlose ekugqugquzeleni ukufunda okwenzeka impilo yakho yonke.
Inqubekelaphambili-Ukwakhiwa kwesimiso esibalulekile sesitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke samabanga R -9, okwenza abafundi bathuthuke kancane ngokuphetheneyo, ngokwazi okujulile nokuphetheneyo, amakhono nokuqonda esigabeni ngasinye.
Uhlelo lokuqhubekela phambili-Isikhali sokuphela konyaka sokuqopha inqubekela phambili yabo bonke abafundi bebanga, kubandakanya izinhlelo zokuqhubekela phambili zengxenye ngayinye yezifundo kanye nebanga, kanye nokubika ngosizo oludingekayo.
Ukuhlola okubandakanyayo-Lokhu kuhlukile ekuhlolweni okuhlelelekile, ngoba kuphathelene nokubika ngenqubekela phambili yomfundi, kanungi ekupheleni kwesigamu noma sonyaka.
Ukulalela ngendlela ephapheme - Lokhu kusho uma izethameli zilalelisisa okushiwo yisikhulumi kulokho nalokho akushoyo.
Ulimi olwengeziwe -ulimi olufundwayo lwengezwa kolwakhe lwebele.
Ubuliminingi obengezayo- uma umuntu efunda ulimi (noma izilimi) ukwengeza olimini lwebele. Loku akuthathi isikhundla solimi lwebele kodwa lufundwa luhambisana nalo.
Ifanamsindo - ukulandelana noma ukuphindaphindeka komsindo othile kaningi ngokulandelana emshweni osembhalweni othile.
Izethameli - kusho abantu baethamele okuthile noma abalale othile ongungaba owethula inkulumo, noma abenza okuthile.
Ukuchema - umhkuba wokuthanda noma wokweseka okuthile ube ubandlulula okunye.
Ukuxuba izilimi- ukusuka kolunye ulimi ukuya kolunye ngenjongo ethile isib. ukwenza abanye baqonde, ukubonisa ukuthi okhulumayo uyafinyelela kuzithameli zakhe. Uhlamvu, ilunga - lokhu kusho ingxenye yenkulumo ephimiseka ngomoya owodwa kanyekanye, uhlamvulwenkulumo olwakhiwe ngungwaqa kanye nonkamisa, kanti ekuqaleni kwamagama luyatholakala uhlamvuolungunkamisa kuphela kanti nolungungwaqa kuphela lukhona.
Imvumelwano - lokhu kusho izinhlamvu ezifanayo ekugcineni noma ekuqaleni kwemigqa elandelanayoenkondlweni.
Isigqi/umgqumo - usho ukuphindaphindeka kokuthile okungaba amagama noma imisho ngendlela ezolethaumgqigqo othile.
Uphawu - lokhu kusho into emele enye embhalweni, isib, isilo simele ulaka, uchakijana umele ubuqili, ijubalimele uthando noxolo.
Ukulandelana -into ethile eyenza umqondo ohlangeneyo.
Okuphathelene nento ethile [nenkulumo] - umbhalo ngaso sonke isikhathi wethulwa usengqikithnii ethileIngqikithi ibandakanya izimo ezibanzi nezangaleso sikhathi. Imibhalo kumele zilungele zombili izinhlobozengqikithi.
Ukufunda nokubhala okukhulayo-kubhekise olwazini lwengane lokubhaliwe. Izingane zibona okubhaliwe besezikwazi ukuqonda inhloso yako. Bangaba nezindaba abazixoxelwayo noma abazifundelwayo, bafunda ukwaziukuthi indaba iyini nokuthi izincwadi ziyini . Nangaphambi kokuthi beze esikoleni kukhona okuningiabakwaziyo. Bangazama ukubhala amagama abo besebenzisa umqondo abanawo ngezinhlamvu kanye nopelo(isib. ukupela okuvelele), bangaphinde bazenze sengathi bayafunda (okusho ukuthi ukuziphathanjengofundayo). Lokhu ukuqala kokubhala nokufunda kwezingane.
Ulimi olugxile emithethweni/ olungaguqukiyo-Ulimi olufundwa ngezingxenye (isib.ukubingelela) Kaningi ibhekene negqikithi ethile (isib.ukufaka -i-oda yokudla endaweni yokudlela) Uma siqala ukufunda ulimi, okuningi esikufundayo kwalolu hlobo. Kancane kancane siqaleukwenza umqondo kuzihlelo namaphethini nemithetho yolimi, bese sikwazi ukubeka imibono yethu ngendlela elula.
Uhlaka-Isakhiwo okungesesikhashana sokubhala noma ukukhuluma isib.
Ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala (ilitheresi)-Kukhona izinhlobo eziningi zokufunda ukufunda nokubhala (zelitheresi): ukuqonda amasiko (ilitheresi yamasiko) -ukuhlalisana kwabantu nenkolelo yokubalulekile okusemqoka okwakha ukufunda kwethu imibhalo; ukufunda nokubhala okuhlaziyayo (ilitheresi ehlaziyayo) -ikhono lokukwazi ukuphendula ngokuhlaziya imilayezo emibhalweni; ukufunda nokubhala ngokubheka (ilitheresi yokubheka) -ukufunda nokubhalwa kwezithombe, izimpawu nemifanekiso; ukufunda nokubhala ngokusebenzisa izinsizakuxhumana (ilitheresi yezinsizakuxhumana) -ukufundwa kwamaphepha, amaphephabhuku nemilayezo yamasiko ethulwa umabonakude namafilimu.
Ukubheka Ukuhambisa amehlo embhalweni ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthile.
Ukufunda ngokushesha-ukufunda ngokushesha ukuthola incazelojikelele.
Ukuba nombono ogxile kokukodwa-Umbono ogxile (kwesinye isikhathi ohlukanisayo) ngokuthi umuntu othile (isib.
