Planning (Wheat)									ZULU
Ukuhlelela isikhathi esilandelayo sikakolweni 
Imiyalo:
Folio strap: 
Byline: Lo mbhalo ubhalwe ngumuntu owayengumlimi
Masishane ngemuva kokuvuna izitshalo zakho zikakolweni zonyaka we-2010, kuqala ukuhlelwa okunemininingwane ebanzi kwesikhathi esilandelayo sonyaka. Lesi yisikhathi esihle sokucubungula okwenzeke esikhathini esedlule nesokuhlolisisa amaphuzu ahlukahlukene okulawulwa nawokukhiqizwa kwezitshalo abambe iqhaza ekuvezeni isimo nesivuno esitholakele ekugcineni ngezitshalo lezo.
Uma kungazange kugcinwe imibiko engumlando ngomhlaba ngamunye, manje kuyisikhathi esihle sokuthi ukwazi ukusebenzisa imininingwane yangonyaka odlule ukuze uqale uhlelo lokugcina imibiko engumlando.
Uma ngabe kwakwenziwe uhlelo lwebhizinisi olufaka ukuhlelwa kwalokho okuzosetshenziswa okuphelele ngesitshalo ngasinye ngonyaka owandulelayo, ubungako bezinto ezasebenza kanye namanani ezindleko akhokhwa kufanele kuqhathaniswe ngokucophelela nesabelozimali okwaqalwa ngaso. Amaphuzu aba nomthelela kulezo zinto ezisetshenzisiwe nezesimo somnotho kanye nezimo zezulu ezibe nesandla ekuphumeleleni noma ekubhuntsheni kwezitshalo ezithile mawabhekwe bese ehlolwa ukuthi ngabe aguqukile yini noma aba ngcono. 
Imibiko
Imibiko eyisisisekelo semibandela yokuma komhlaba kufanele igcinwe futhi ivuselelwe unyaka nonyaka: igama lepulazi, isifunda sepulazi, indawo ngokuphelele, izindawo zomhlaba olimekayo, amadlelo okudlisa imfuyo, amadlelo athuthukisiwe, ukuniselwa, ikhaya, amashedi epulazi nezakhiwo. 
Umhlaba ngamunye osepulazini ngalinye ungabekwa iso maqondana nezinto ezisetshenziswa lapho eziphathekayo: indawo yomhlaba lowo, ukujula komhlaba, uhlobo lomhlabathi, ukuvunda komhlabathi, izinguquko zesimo ekuqhubekeni kweminyaka eminingi. (Uma zitholakala ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa komhlabathi), makubhekwe ukushintshaniswa kwezitshalo nokuhlelwa kokushintshaniswa kwezitshalo, izitshalo ezilinywe kamuva kubandakanywa nezinsuku zokulima, izitshalo eziyizinhlanganisela, izinga lokutshalwa kwembewu, imvula evamile, imvula etholakele ngesikhathi okusuke kungalinyiwe ngaso ngaphambi kokuthi kutshalwe isitshalo ngasinye, imvula etholakele ngesikhathi sokukhuliswa kwezitshalo, ukulawulwa kokhula okusetshenzisiwe,(okubandakanya amakhemikhali namahlandla okusetshenziswa kwawo), izibulala-zinambuzane ezisetshenzisiwe nemiphumela yazo, isivuno sezitshalo esitholakele nezinga lesimo saso. 
Izindleko zezivundisi ngezinye zezindleko ezinkulu zezinto ezisetshenziswa ngqo ohlelweni lokulima izitshalo. Ukusetshenziswa okuyimpumelelo kohlelo lokuvundisa esikhathini ngasinye nakwesilandelayo sokutshala, kuzoveza ukukhiqizwa okusezingeni elihle kuye kweliphakeme. Kubalulekile ukusazi isimo somhlaba wakho ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwesivuno esiphezulu sezitshalo nasemuva kwemvula ene ngokweqile etholwe yizindawo ezithile, ekungenzeka ukuthi ingabe ikhukhule izondlo eziningi ezibalulekile zezitshalo. Ukuvela kombala osaliphuzi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-nitrogen ne-sulphur kubonakele ezifundeni eziningi ezilimayo kulesi sikhathi esisanda kwedlula. Uma kube nezitshalo ezingaphezu kwezejwayelekile, izondlo ezenele ezisusiwe kufanele zibuyiselwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo ezilandelayo zikwazi ukufinyelela izivuno ezilindelekile. Ekukukhumbuleni lokhu, kufanele kuthathwe amasampula omhlabathi ensimini ngayinye kakolweni ezokhiqiza bese ethunyelwa lapho ezohlolwa khona. 
Ukuthathwa kwamasampula omhlaba nokuhlolwa komhlaba
Kufanele kuthathwe amagxathu amaningana ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo yokufaka umcako nokuhlolwa izofanela umsebenzi wepulazi lakho. Lawa manyathelo abandakanya ukuqoqwa nokunakekelwa okufanele kwamasampula omhlabathi, izinqubo ezilandelwayo ezifanele, imihlahlandlela ecwaningwe kahle yokutolikwa kwemiphumela, ukulandelwa kwezincomo eziyizo zamazinga ezondlo zezitshalo kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezidingo ezinconyiwe zezitshalo ohlelweni oluphelele lokulawulwa kwezondlo zezitshalo. 
Ukuqoqwa kwamasampula omhlaba
Inhloso yokuhlolwa komhlabathi ukulinganisa ikhono lomhlaba lokunikela ngezondlo ezifunwa yizitshalo ezikhulayo, nokuhlaziya kutholwe izinkinga noma yiziphi zomhlabathi ezingakhinyabeza ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo ngempumelelo. Ngokubanzi, izitshalo zencike kakhulu kwizondlo ezihlinzekwe njengezivundisi zomhlabathi lapho amazinga okuhlolwa komhlabathi ekhula. Ukuhlolwa komhlabathi okubheka ukuthi ngabe lukhona yini ubumba kuvumela ukuthi kufakwe izinga elifanele lemithi yokubulala ukhula ohlelweni lokulawulwa kokhula. 
Kubalulekile ukuthatha isampula ensimini ngayinye. Ihekhthare lomhlaba elikujula okuyi-15 cm linesisindo esicishe sibe ngamathani ayi-2 400 okwencike ekuthini ulinywe kangakanani umhlaba lowo, ukuqoqana nokugandayeka kwawo. Isampula lokugcina elithunyelwe elebhu lingahle libe nesisindo esiyi-0,5 ngamakhilogramu, okuyocutshungulwa nje amagremu ambadlwana alo. Kubalulekile ngenxa yalokho ukwehlukanisa imihlabathi enokujula nezinhlobo zomhlabathi ezingafani kanye nezindawo ezingaphakathi kwamasimu, ezingeyona ingxenye yomhlaba olinywayo wonke. Kuseyinkambiso ukuthi abalimi bafake izivundisi ngokwamazinga abalelwe ibhulokhi lonke lensimu, ngaphandle kwalapho kuye kwenzeka khona ukuthi kube nezikhali ezikwazi ukulandela umkhondo ngesathelayithi (i- GPS) nezindlela ezikwazi ukuguqugulwa zokufaka isivundisi, ezinanyatheliswe esikhalini esisetshenziselwa ukutshala.
Akushiwo ukuthi ukuhlolwa lokho kungcono kunesampula eliqoqiwe emhlabeni lowo. Khumbula ukuthi mkhulu umehluko emihlabathini esemasimini. Ngokwedlule, isampula eliqoqiwe kumahekhthare ayishumi ebhulokhi ngalinye lomhlaba lalithathwa njengelenele. Yize kunjalo, kwelulekwa ukuthi uthenge noma weboleke isikhali sokubhoboza (i-auger) ukuze uhambe wenze amazombezombe usuka phezulu uye ngezansi ensimini leyo nabantu ababili, oyedwa aphathe isaka lesampula ngalinye futhi athathe umongo womhlabathu ofika ekujuleni okuphakathi kwe-15 nama-20cm kodwa bungabi ngaphezu kwama-20 cm. 
Ibhokisi lesampula malibekwe uphawu lucace libe nenombolo yensimu, igama, ikheli lepulazi, izinombolo othinteka kuzo nosuku lokuthathwa kwesampula, ukuvimbela noma yikuphi ukudideka elebhu. Kungcono ukuwenza wonke lo msebenzi uphelele ensimini ukuze kungabikho ukuphambaniseka kwamasampula okwenziwayo. Amasampula omhlaba mawangaqoqwa ezindaweni ezingajwayelekile ezifana nendawo yomhlaba engena elwandle, emiseleni efileyo, ezindaweni zokulondoloza ifolishi elidala ezivundisiwe, ezidulini ezisezansi noma ezindaweni ezigugulekile.
Manje sekuyenzeka ukuthi kusebenze ubuchwepheshe bokubona ukuthi izinto zikuphi (ama-Global Positioning System) ohlelweni oluyigridi emaphuzwini asebangeni eliphakathi kwe-0,5 kuye kwi-4 samamitha aphambanayo, noma kubhekwe iqoqwana lamasampula asohlelweni lwegridi. Amasampula azobe eseqhathaniswa esikhathini ngesikhathi ngokuzayo, bese izinguquko ezenzeka emabangeni okuvunda komhlabathi zikwazi ukuqapheleka ngokunemba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Imiphumela yemidati ingatholakala ngokuthi kusetshenziswe uHlelo Lolwazi Ngomhlaba (iGround Information System - GIS) ukuze kutholakale ishadi elinombala ocolisisiwe lensimu elikhombisa i-pH, i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-phosphate, i-sulphur, i-nitrogen, izondlo ezincanyana futhi nokunye ukwehluka kwezinto ekuhlolweni komhlabathi kungakwazi ukuvezwa kukhombise umfanekioso obonwayo wokwehluka noma ububanzi benkinga ethile ngensimu. Ezindaweni eziningi izindawo ezisenkabeni ziqashelwa ngokuthi kusetshenziswe indlela yegridi kubhekwe ihekthare ngebhulokhi ngalinye.
Ukuvama kokuthathwa kwamasampula
Iiskhathi esihle sokuthatha isampula yilapho uzokwazi ukuba nethuba lokwenza umsebenzi imuhle, lapho uyokwazi ukuthatha izinqumo ngokubonayo ngokwehlukanisa insimu ngokwezindawo ezifanayo zokuthatha amasampula nangesikhathi esifanayo njalo ngonyaka ngemuva kwezivuno noma ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho kushintshaniswa izitshalo. Kuhlala kulusizo ukuthumela amasampula ayocutshungulwa lapho amalebhu engekho matasatasa kakhulu. Ukuhlelwa kufanele kwenziwe kusenesikhathi ukuze kwenziwe uhlelo olubhekisisiwe lwebhizinisi nokuqondanisa nabantu abangabeluleki abenza izincomo zezivundisi. 
Ukunakekelwa kwamasampula
Hlolisisa ukuthi isaka ngalinye lesampula liyisho ngokucacile insimu nokuthi isampula linenombolo engeyalo lodwa, namasaka avalwe kahle, asuswe ekushiseni okweqile futhi abekwe endaweni epholile bese ethunyelwa elebhu ngokushesha okusemandleni ngemuva kokuqoqwa kwawo.
Ukukhetha ilabhorethi
Khetha ilabhorethri elihlala lihlolwa njalo yizinhlangano zezifundo zomhlaba (i-Agronomy) ngaphandle kokwexwayiswa kuqala, ukuze kubhekwe ukusebenza kahle kwezilinganiso ezisebenzisa ukuhlola umhlabathi. Amanye amaphuzu okufanele abhekwe yilawa, imiphumela enembayo yokuhlaziwa okwenziwe, izindlela ezifanele zokuhlolwa komhlabathi, ukwenziwa komsebenzi okuhle njengokuphindwa kuhlolwe izindawo ezisolwa njengezibe nephutha, ukuqedwa komsebenzi masisha, ikhono lokuthumela imiphumela ngendlela esebenzisa ubunyoninco bezamakhompiyutha, izindleko zensizakalo leyo, ukuzimisela ukuvula imigudu evulekile phakathi kwakho noma umeluleki wakho nabasebenzi baselebhu. I-ARC eseBethlehem iyazihlangabeza lezi zidingo, kodwa ke uma kufuneka ukuhlolwa kwe-sulphur amanye amalebhu awasetshenziswe.
Cela ukuhlolwa okufanele ipulazi lakho
Iningi lamalebhu lineqoqo eliyisisekelo lokuhlolwa okuvame ukwenziwa njengendlela yokuhlola ejwayelekile ebiza inani lentengo elemukelekayo lapho liqhathaniswa nokusebenziseka kwemiphumela leyo. 
Uyacelwa ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi uthathe amasampula kuzo zonke izinsimu ohlose ukutshala ukolweni kuzo – khumbula nokubhekisisa izinga lobumuncu bomhlaba (i-pH) njengoba kungahle kube nesidingo sokufaka umcako ngaphambi kokutshala.
