Loan (Maize)											Zulu

Ukuthola isikwenetu – udingani wena futhi bona badingani? 

Instructions: 

Folio strap: Ukuphatha ibhizinisi 

Byline: UJenny Mathews, umphathisihlalo sePhrogramu leGrain SA Lokuthuthukisa Abalimi

 

Thina sonke sidinga ukuboleka imali ngesinye isikhathi – kakhulukazi ekulimeni kwamanje. Ngeqiniso, awukwazi ukuphatha ibhizinisi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imali ebolekiwe. Inkinga kodwa ikhona – ungaboleki imali ibhizinisi lakho lizohluleka ukuyibuyisela. 



Khumbulani futhi, inani lemali ebolekiwe nesikhathi esithatha ukuyibuyisela leyo mali, intelo (izindleko) yaleyo mali iyakhuphuka sonke isikhathi. Kukhona izinto ezimbili lapho siboleka imali: 

Intelo (interest) – Lokhu kuyimali ebizwayo ukuboleka leyo mali. Ngokuvamekile kuyiphesentishi ngonyaka yale mali ebolekiwe. Inani lentelo liyashintsha njalo ngoba kukhona i-infleyinsheni noma umthetho kagavumente uyashintsha. 

Imali yokuqhuba umsebenzi (capital) – Lokhu kuyinani lemali oyibolekile maqondana nesichasiso sakho (business plan).

 

Isibonelo A:

Uma uboleka R100 000.00 oyifanele uyibuyisele ngeminyaka emihlanu ngentelo ye-10% kungafana nalokhu okulandelayo:

Unyaka
 
AmaRandi 

Intelo
 
AmaRandi 

Inani lesikwenetu
 
AmaRandi 

Imali yokuqhuba oyibuyisile 
 
AmaRandi 

Yonke imali oyikhokhile
 

 
1
 
10 000
 
100 000
 
20 000
 
30 000
 

 
2
 
8 000
 
80 000
 
20 000
 
28 000
 

 
3
 
6 000
 
60 000
 
20 000
 
26 000
 

 
4
 
4 000
 
40 000
 
20 000
 
24 000
 

 
5
 
2 000
 
20 000
 
20 000
 
22 000
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
130 000
 

 


Isibonelo B:

Uma uboleka leyo mali kodwa uyibuyisela emva kweminyaka eyshumi (10), kuzofana nalokhu:

Unyaka
 
AmaRandi 

Intelo
 
AmaRandi 

Inani lesikwenetu
 
AmaRandi 

Imali yokuqhuba oyobuyisile
 
AmaRandi 

Yonke imali oyikhokhile
 

 
1
 
10 000
 
100 000
 
10 000
 
20 000
 

 
2
 
9 000
 
90 000
 
10 000
 
19 000
 

 
3
 
8 000
 
80 000
 
10 000
 
18 000
 

 
4
 
7 000
 
70 000
 
10 000
 
17 000
 

 
5
 
6 000
 
60 000
 
10 000
 
16 000
 

 
6
 
5 000
 
50 000
 
10 000
 
15 000
 

 
7
 
4 000
 
40 000
 
10 000
 
14 000
 

 
8
 
3 000
 
30 000
 
10 000
 
13 000
 

 
9
 
2 000
 
20 000
 
10 000
 
12 000
 

 
 10
 
1 000
 
10 000
 
10 000
 
11 000
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
155000
 

 
 

Isikwenetu seminyaka emihlanu sizobiza R130 000 neseminyaka ayishumi sizobiza R155 000. Kuyakhanya ukuthi leminyaka emihlanu ikhuphula izindleko nge-R24000 ukuboleka R100 000. 
 

Okudingekwa indawo lapho uboleka khona

Ibhange noma elinye ibhizinisi elinikeza isikwenetu lizodinga okulandelayo kuqala:

Isu lebhizinisi (business plan) 

Amasu ebhizinisi aqonde kakhulukazi ukuthola imali ukuqhubekisa ibhizinisi. Isu lakho lifanele linalokhu okulandelayo: imigomo yakho, izinto ezibalulekile, indlela ibhizinisi lakho lihamba kanjani manje futhi lizosizakala kanjani ngaphambili uma uthola le mali ofuna ukuyiboleka. Kufanele ukhombise kahle ukuthi uzophatha kanjani le bhizinisi (umsebenzi) elisha futhi ukuthi unalo ikhono lokuphatha ibhizinisi.

Ukuhamba kwekheshi (cash flow) 

Ukuhamba kwekheshi kukhombisa ukungena nokuphuma kwemali ebhizinisini lakho. Lokhu kuzokhombisa inhlangano ezokuboleka imali ukuthi kungena malini ngenyanga ethile bese izobona ukuthi uzoba nekhono lokubuyisela imali ngaziphi izinyanga. Kubalulekile futhi ukunikeza yonke imininingwane mayelana nezimali zakho – noma iyaphi imali noma ivelaphi. Kuyinkohliso futhi uma unganikezi yonke imininingwane mayelana nezindaba zezimali zakho lapho ucela ukuboleka imali. 

Ukuvumelana nomthetho 34 wa-2005 obizwa ngokuthi (National Credit Act) 

Maqondana nalo mthetho amabhange awavunyelwa ukunikeza abantu isikwenete uma bazohluleka ukuyibuyisela leyo mali. Lokhu kuvikela ibhange futhi kuvikela loyo ofuna ukuboleka. Lapho ungakwazi ukubuyisela imali ebolekiwe bese ungaba’blacklisted’ njengomuntu ongakwazi ukuphinda ukuboleka imali noma kuphi. Akekho umuntu ofuna igama lakhe kulelo listi ngoba awazi ukuthi mhlawumbe uzodinga kusasa imali bese awukwazi ukuyiboleka. Lo mthetho usize amabhange lapho bekukhona ingozi enkulu ngezindaba zezimali ngo-2009 emhlabeni jikelele. Amabhange amaningi emhlabeni jikelele ashone phansi ngoba abaningi abantu ababoleke imali bahlulekile ukubuyisela leyo mali. I-National Credit Act ikhona ukuvikela abantu namabhange ukuthi bangakhokhi imali engekho. Isiza amabhange ngoba angeke abenezikwenete eziningi kakhulu. 



Amathiphu angakusiza

Kubalulekile ukuthi bonke abakhiqizi nabalimi baqashe umprofeshinali onobungcweti ngezindaba zezimali ekulimeni. Abalimi abakwazi ukwazi zonke izindaba ezihambelana nokuphatha izindaba zezimali sonke isikhathi. 

Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi bonke abalimi, njengabaphathi bamabhizinisi abasebenza ngemali ebolekiwe, bakhombise ukuthi bayathembeka isikhathi eside. Uma kukhona inking ngokubuyisela imali, kufanele kuxoxwe ngakho ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze bazwane ekugcineni. 

Zonke izinto ozithengayo ngemali ebolekiwe kusho ukuthi unethembo lokuphinda ukuyithola leyo mali kusasa – ufuna ikusebenzele. Kufanele umlimi azibuze ukuthi uneqiniso ukuthi uzophinda ayithole leyo mali. Kakhulukazi ngokwamanje abheke imakethe kahle, uma ecabanga ukutshala ummbila, ngentengiso ephansi nezindleko ezikhuphukayo, kuzombuyisela yini leyo mali ayibolekile futhi kuzobakhona inzuzo. Siyabona sonke ukuthi ngokwanje kukhona ummbila omningi kakhulu – kuzosizani-ke ukutshala futhi ummbila bese intengiso izophinda yehle uma kukhona umvuno omuhle ngo-2010 - 2011. Ngokucabanga kahle, kungabangcono ukungaboleki imali yokutshala ummbila. 

Ngokugcina

Izindaba zezimali zilukhuni futhi ziyinkinga njalo lapho uphatha ibhizinisi, kakhulukazi ekulimeni ngoba kungavela izingozi eziningi. Umlimi othile uzokhetha ukuba ngaphandle elungise ugandaganda, hhayi ukuhlala edeskini alwe namaphepha. Kodwa uma singazinaki kahle lezi zindaba zezimali, ngeke kubekhona ugandaganda noma ipulazi ekugcineni! Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthola abantu abanolwazi abazokwazi ukusiza.

