ImiThetho yokuLinganisa eqondene nalabo abahlukunyezwe ubugebengu, ingumqulu wolwazi, owabhalelwa ukuchaza kabanzi ngamalungelo akho njengoba enjalo kwinqubomgomo ephathelene nokuhlukunyezwa ubuge- bengu eNingizimu Afrika. ukuze la malungelo abe yiqiniso. INqubomgomo yokuhlukunyezwa ubugebengu, kanye nemithetho yokulinganisa, kuhlose Uku kuni ka ulwazi oluphelele oluphathelene nokuzibophezela ku kaHulumeni eku khuphuleni izinga lokusiza labo abahlu kunyezwe ubugebengu. Umthetho wokulinganisa uhlose ukuchaza kabanzi igalelo okumele lithathwe ukusiza labo abahlukunyezwe ubugebengu. Umthetho wokulinganisa akukhona Ukuthi kumele undlale amalungelo nemigomo, kodwa noku kuni ka ulwazi olunzulu oluzokusiza Ukuba Ukwazi Ukusebenzisa amalungelo akho kanye nokusiza labo abaqondene nokwenza lo msebenzi ukuze balandele kahle umgomo wamalungelo ohlukunyeziwe njengoba enjalo kwiNqubomgomo, ngokubeka obala imigomo okumele ilandelwe yilabo abaqondene nokwenza lo msebenzi.
Uma ubika ubugebengu unikeze nobufakazi enkantolo, usuke ubambe iq- haza elibalulekile ekusizeni umnyango wezokuvikela ukukwazi ukubhekana nezidingo zomphakathi wenze nesiqiniseko sokuthi abahlukumezi bamela izenzo zabo. Okulandelayo, umnyango wezokuvikela kumele ubhekelane nawe ngokushesha nangokucophelela, ukuphathe ngendlela yenhlonipho evi kelekile Ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho. lmigomo Ebekiwe izama Uku-qiniseka ukuthi lokhu kuyenzeka, ngokukunika ulwazi oludingekayo ukuze Ukwazi Ukuqiniseka ngamalungelo akho.
lmigomo Ebekiwe yenzelwe Ukuthi kubelula Ukuhlola Ukuthi umsebenzi uhamba ngendlela imigomo ebekwe ngayo uma kuqhathaniswa ngendlela umsebenzi owenziwa ngayo. lzikhungo eziqondene nokulawulwa kwemigi- mo, iminyango ethile, izobhekela ukusetshenziswa kwamalungelo nendlela yokusebenzisana njengoba kuvela kwiMigomo Ebekiwe futhi, njengenxenye yokuhlola nokubonisana, lezizinhlangano zingabuye zixhumane nawe. Em- inye yemiphumela yalokuhlolwa nokubonisana kungashicilelwa.
lzinhlelo eziqukethwe kwiMigomo Ebekiwe zibhekelele bonke abahlukumeze- kile ngaphandle kokubacwasa nganoma iyiphi indlela ngokwebala, ngoko- bulili, ngokocansi, okhulelwe, isimo somshado, imvelaphi yakho, ibala, ubulili ozikhethele bona, iminyaka, ukukhubazeka, unembeza, ukuthembeka, inkole- lo yakho, isiko, ulimi nala uzalelwe khona, njengoba kubhaliwe kwisigaba 9 so Mthetho-Sisekelo waseRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika (ACT 1 08 ya 1 996).
Uma umuntu esebekwe icala, icala lidluliselwa enkantolo lapho umshush- isi eszo kwenza umsebenzi wa khe WO kushushisa ecaleni.
Umshushisi uzobheka imininingwane yalelonalelo cala ngokucophelela. Umshushisi angenza okunye kwalezinto ezintathu: Anganquma ukuthi kunobufakazi obanele bokuthi angashushisa aqhubeke nokulishushisa. Anganquma Ukuthi kusadingeka olunye ulwazi Ukuze akwazi Ukwenza isinqumo esinolwazi bese ngaleyondlela atshele umseshi aqhubeke nokusesha icala. Ngezizathu ezithile, njengokwaneliseka komphakathi, anganquma uku- sula icala.
Ungalindela ukuthi umshushisi uzofuna ulwazi olufanele ukuthola in-qubekelaphambili kumseshi bese eyiveza enkantolo, ukuqiniseka ukuthi isinqumo esivumela noma esalela ibheyili kummangalelwa kwenziwa ngokucabangela iizifiso zakho noku kuvi kela.
Ngaphambi kokwamukela ukuvuma kwakho ukuthi wonile, umshushisi uzobhekelela izidingo zakho, nalezo zomndeni wakho.
Amaphoyisa azokwazisa uma kumele uvele enkantolo. Amacala aman- ingi athethelwa enkantolo kamantshi, bese lawo anzima kakhulu aye kwisi khungo noma enkantolo enkulu.
Ukufaka icala enkantolo yamacala kungabanzima, ikakhulukazi uma kuh- langanisa abantu abaningi. Labo abaphathelene nalelocala benza okuse- mandleni abo ukuthi lingena enkantolo ngokushesha okukhulu.
1 . Ukunikeza ubufakazi enkantolo kungakukhathaza. Lapho abathintekayo amaphoyisa, abashushisi nabasebenzi basen kantolo -bazo kuzimazisa, bakulungiselele futhi bakunike nalo lonke ulwazi ngokungase kwenzeke.
Uma ufika enkantolo,, ungase ufice izimpawu ezizokusiza ukuthola uku- thi uyaphi. Uma zingacacile lezimpawu kanti awazi ukuthi ikuphi inkan- tolo, uma ku khona, buza endaweni YokubuzaffoIwaziffokweluleka Ukuze uthole ukuthi ikuphi inkantolo ekuzolalelwa kuyona ubufakazi bakho noma la ngezinto ezikhona. Ungaqonda futhi kumalunga okushushisa, wona azokwazi ukuphendula noma imuphi umbuzo wakho mayelana nenqubo. Umshushisi ophethe icala lakho uzokwazi Uku kutshela Ukuthi uzolinda isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokuthi uthule ubufakazi.
Umshushisi uzokwenza konke okusemandleni akhe ukuqiniseka ukuthi ubizwa masishane Ukuzothula ubufakazi. Umshushisi oqondene necala lakho, la kunesidingo khona, uzobonisana nawe ngaphambi kokuba ubi-zwe Ukuzothula ubufakazi. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi kuba nokubam- bezeleka. Kumele uqiniseke Ukuthi ufi ka enkantolo yamacala ngesi khathi. Kumele umazise umshushisi uma uzofi ka emva kwesi khathi noma uma ungeke ukwazi ukufika enkantolo ngelanga lecala.
Uma kufanele uthule ubufakazi, kwesinye isikhathi, cela umngani noma okuvumelayo kulelicala akuphelezele ukuya enkundleni yamacala. Emva kokuba usubethulile ubufakazi bakho uzotshelwa Ukuthi usungahamba yini.
Ungakwazi, kuya ngezimo ezithile, Ukuthula ubufakazi bakho enda- weni evalelekile ngendlela yamabonakude (lokhu kusho Ukuthi awu- bikhona endaweni yamacala eyodwa nalona obekwe icala, kodwa wena uzoba kwelinye igumbi). Ungakwazi futhi, uma iminyaka yakho ingaphansi kuka-l8 noma futhi uma omele icala (kungaba imantshi noma ijaji) enombono wokuthi Ukuthula kwakho ubufakazi kuzokugqilaza ngokwenqondo ku ku- bangele Ukugula okungenasidingo, Ukuba nomsizi ozongenelela (umuntu ozokukhulumela) uma ufakaza ngendlela yamabonakude kwigumbi elivalelekile.
Kufuneka ubufakazi obu khulu ngaphambi kokuthi umuntu atholakale enecala. Umshushisi kumele akhombise ngokungathandabuzi ukuthi um- mangalelwa unecala. Lokhu kungase kusho ukuthi umuntu okholelwayo ukuthi unecala, umthole engenacala. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ukwehlulela kwakho, kodwa kuyamelele ekuqineni kokushushiswa kwecala ngokuph- elele.
Umshushisi uzobiza ofakazi bahulumeni abahambisana nawe ngokwa- lecala elibekwe ummangalelwa kwesinye isikhathi. Utolika uzobakhona uma kunesidingo. Omangalelwe uzonikwa ithuba lokukubuza imibuzo, lokunikeza ubufakazi nokubiza ufakazi. Emuva kokuba inkantolo isizwe bonke ubufakazi bomshushisi nomvikeli, abommangali nabommangalel- wa bazoni kwa ithuba lokubingelela inkantolo ngaphambi koku khishwa kwesigwebo.
Ngaphambi kokukhipha isigwebo, omele icala, umshushisi noma ovike- la icala, angacela omele owezikhalo noma omunye onekhono uku- lungisa isiphumo ngawe noma ngommangalelwa. lsiphumo lesi singa- faka ucwaningo olukhombisa ubungako bomthelela wokuhlukumezeka ilobugebengu kuwena. Lolwazi kungaba oluthathwe kwistatimende sakho osenze emaphoyiseni, noma i-probation officer ingakubuza yona bukhoma noma ubizwe Ukuzothula ubufakazi ngesi khathi sokukhishwa kwesigwebo.
Umnyango Wezobulungiswa uzokwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi izigwebo zokuboshwa zenzeka ngendlela ehambisana nomthetho. Uma kucat- shangwa ukudedela ummangalelwa, uMnyango Wezobulungiswa uzob- heka ngokucophelela ukugada ummangalelwa okhishwe ngokuphule- Iwa isigwebo.
Ungacela ukuya ukuyolalela Ukulungiswa Kwezigwegwe noma iBhodi Yokuphula Izigwebo. Uma uthanda ukuya, uzokwaziswa ngosuku lokula- lelwa kanti futhi iBhodi izozicabangela izinto ezingakukhathaza uma ica-banga Uku khulula ummangalelwa ngokumephulela isigwebo.
Kuwowonke amacala lapho ummangalelwa ekhishwe ngokuphulelwa isigwebo, iBhodi Yezigwebo ibeka imbandela ehambisana nokukhishwa kommangalelwa, uma ibona ukuthi lokhu kuqondene nezidingo zakho.
Eminingi iminyango kahulumeni izokunikeza usizo. Amaphoyisa azoku- siza ngokungenelela endaweni ekwenzeke kuyo inxushunxushu; ukuku- siza Ukuthola usizo lwabezempilo noma bengqondo; Ukuchaza izinqubo zasemaphoyiseni; Uku kuni keza ulwazi mayelana namalungelo akho; ngoku kuhlanganisa nezinhlangano ezingekho phansi ku kahulumeni (NGO's) nezisemphakathini (CBO's) noma izinhlangano zomphakathi ezi- sizana nabahlukumezekile; ukuqiniseka ukuvikeleka kwakho enkundleni yobugebengu; ukugcina ubufakazi; nokukucebisa ukuthi ungabuvikela kanjani ubugebengu.
Uma kuba khona ukusatshiswa emva kokukhishwa kwesigwebo, uwena, umseshi noma umshushisi kumele bazise i-ofisi IeNgxenye Yokuvikelwa Ko- fa kazi.
1 . Abasebenzi bezempilo bazoqikelela ukuthi amalungelo akho njengoba ebhaliwe kusomqulu Wamalungelo Eziguli, ayenzeka.
S Uma ubi ke ubugebengu ngokuthintana namaphoyisa, bazobuyela nombi ko kuwena ngokushesha.
Ungacela ukubuzwa ilunga lamaphoyisa eliwubulili obubodwa nawe, uma likhona, kuzokwenzeka lokho.
l 0 Uzokwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi inqubo yecala yenzeka ngendlela yokuthi ayihlukumezi amalungelo akho okukuphatha ngenhlonipho ukubamba isithunzi sakho nelungelo lakho lokuhlonipha ubuwena nezimfihlo zak- ho.
l 1 Uzothatha izinyathelo, ikakhulu kazi emacaleni okuhlu kunyezwa ngoko- cansi nawodlame Iwasekhaya, Ukuqiniseka Ukuthi lakwenzeka khona, icala liphathwa umshushisi oyedwa kusuka ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni.
l4 llunga lomsebenzi wasenkantolo yamacala uzokwazisa ukuthi kufuneka umele ukukhokhelwa izindleko zakho zokuhamba (zokugibela) nez- inye izindleko zesikhathi osihlala enkantolo ukunikeza ubufakazi, futhi uzokuni ka ulwazi ngalokho abuye akusize ekufuneni inkokhelo.
Bazobeka, uma bekhona, abasebenzi noma amavolontiya aqeqeshiwe kwivictim Support Services ukusiza wena nomndeni wakho enkantolo ngaphambi kwecala, ngesikhathi secala nangemuva kwecala.
l9 Bazokuvumela, uma ucelile futhi indlela ikhona, ukulinda uhlukaniswe nommangalelwa nofa kazi ba khe ecaleni.
Uma uhlukumezeke ngokocansi, amaphoyisa angase adinge izingubo za kho njengobufa kazi, kulesosimo ungacela abasizi bezenhlala kahle ba- kusize ngokuthola ezinye izingubo.
Uma uhlukumezeke ngokocansi, uma ucela futhi kungenzeka, ukuthi ucwaningo lomzimba wakho namakhambi kwenziwe udokotela on- obulili obufana nobakho.
Uma ungakwazi ukufunda, lazise iphoyisa, ngaleyondlela ilunga lep- hoyisa lizokufundela isitatimende bese likucela usifunde bese uqiniseka esi kuqu kethe ngokusisayina noma Ubeke uphawu lwesithupha sakho kusona, futhi c.
uma utolika ekhona nawe ufuna ukuthi isitatimende sifundwe ngoli- mi olwaziyo ngaphambi kokuba uzibophelela ngokusisayina noma ngokubeka uphawu lwesithupha sakho, utolika uzosetshenziselwa lesisizathu.
Uzolindeleka ukuthi wazise umseshi wecala uma ummangalelwa ep- hazamisa noma ezama ukuphazamisa uphenyo Iwecala, uma engeke abekhona ecaleni noma uma ekusabisa.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto, uzobhekelela izidingo zakho ngaphambi kok- wenza isinqumo sokungenisa noma ukungangenisi icala.
kucela ukuthi uveze lonke ulwazi onalo olungasiza ukwenza isinqumo sokuthi akhiphe ummangalelwa ngebheyili, njengokuthi, ummangalel- wa uphazamisa ubufakaza noma ofakazi, noma ummangalelwa usabisa noma uhlukumeza wean nnoma umndeni wakho, noma ummangalel- wa akazuvela enkundleni yamacala; nokuthi, uma kwenzeka, umshush- isi uzokubiza wethule ubufakazi bakho ekulalelweni kwebheyili.
Kulokubonisana uzothola ithuba lokuveza imininingwane yakhokonke ukulahlekelwa nokulimala okukwehlela ngenxa yalobugebengu. Um- shushisi uzobheka zonke lezozimo ngaphambi kokuba enze isinqumo sokuvuma isicelo sokwehlisa isigwebo. lmihuzuko ebangelwe ilobuge- bengu kuwena nomndeni wakho izothulwa enkundleni yamacala noma uzoni kezwa ithuba lokuthula ubufakazi enkundleni yamacala noma umbiko olungiswe uchwepheshe uzothulwa enkundleni yama- cala ngesikhathi sokuthulwa kwesigwebo; futhi ngesikhathi sokuxoxisana uzokucela ukuthi uveze konke okunye okung- abhalwanga kwisitatimende sakho. Uma lokhu kunomthelela ecaleni, umshushisi uzokwethula kubathethi becala ngaphambi kwecala.
uma kunesidingo, bazokubuza imibuzo futhi uma kutholakala ukuthi ubufakazi bezempilo buzoba nomthelela ecaleni, bazokwenza amalung- iselelo okuthi uyohlolwa abezempilo; futhi ngayoyonke indlela, bazame inqubekela phambili ngokuqiniseka Uku-thi usebenzisane nomsizi wezenhlalakahle oyedwa noma ivolontiya elilodwa kusukela ubika icala kuze kubesekupheleni kwecala.
antolo amarekhodi okuhlolwa kwakho nalo lonke olunye ulwazi obani- ke Iona olungasiza ecaleni.
Uma uhlalela Ukulalela iBhodi Lokwephula kwesigwebo, bazokuvumela ukuthi unikele umbono wakho ngokuzikhulumela ekulalelweni kwecala noma ufake umbono obhalwe phansi.
Ukuboshwa kommangalelwa b.
Ukuthi kuzofuneka uyokhomba ummangalelwa phakathi kwabanye nosuku olubekelwe lokho c.
Noma isiphi isinqumo sokuhoxisa noma ukushintsha umumo we- cala.
Usuku lwecala nemiphumela yokugcina j.
Usuku lokugweba nemiphumela yakhona k.
Ukuthi ummangalelwa uyaphikisana yini neziphumo zecala noma isigwebo nemiphumela yophikiswano.
lzimpahla ezithathiwe zizobuyiselwa nini futhi kanjani.
Bazoqiniseka ukuthi izimpawu nencazelo kuyatholakala enkantolo baphinde bakuyalele indlela yenkundla yecala. Lapho betholakala khona, aben kantolo Yosizo/YoIwazi/Yeziyalo bazo kwazisa Ukuthi iyiphi inkundla yamacala ekuzothulelwa kuyo ubufakazi bakho.
Kwazi ukubhekana nemibuzo maqondana nenqubo yenkantolo futhi, uma kunokubambezeleka, akutshele ukuthi uzolinda isikhathi esingaka- nani ngaphambi kokwethula ubufakazi.
Kwazisa ngemiphumela yecala nokuthi sifakiwe yini isicelo sokuphikisa isigwebo.
Kwazisa ngezi khungo zomphakathi ezi khona ezisizayo kanye nengezi k- hungo ongazishayela Ukukusiza.
1 Uma ucelile, zizokwazisa ngezikhungo zezemfundo ezikhona endaweni eziqondene nokubhekelela abahlu kumezekile.
Uma ucelile, nangemvume yommangalelwa, kwazisa ngezinhlelo zoku- lungiswa ummangalelwa azihambile, noma azozihamba ukuze asizwe ukushintsha indlela aziphethe ngayo.
kuyodingeka unike yonke imininingwane yakho yezezimali kubaphathi Bohlelo Lokuvikela Ofakazi ukuze bakwazi uk-hokheleke ngendlela ekuyiyo.
Ukwaziswa Ukuthi, kwesinye isikhathi, inkantolo ingavimbela ukusaka- zwa kwezindaba eziqondene necala (okungabalwa kukona amagama abahlu kunyeziwe kanye nawofakazi) noma ikuphi okunye okuhlelelwe ukwenzeka ngemuva kweminyango; futhi lapho kunesidingo khona, uyokwazisa Ukuthi noma ubani oyokhipha ulwazi ngo kungekho emthethweni, noma a khiphe amagama ofa kazi, unecala, futhi uyoshushiswa.
thatha izinyathelo zokuqiniseka ngayo yonke indlela ukuthi wena nomn- deni wakho niphephile.
a. ehleleke ngedlela ezobangela Ukuthi Ukhululeke b.
usizo lokuthinta umndeni nabangani b.
usizo uma unezimpawu uma unengcindezi emuva kwesimo esi hlu- ku mezayo c.
ukuchazelwa ngemigudu ezolandelwa d.
sebenzi wabo yini, bese bekusiza ngokuthola inkantolo iv.
Ukunxeshezelwa kusho isamba semali eyaye ikhishwe inkantolo ebhek- ene nobugebengu uma ulahlekelwe, noma ulinyalelwe impahla (okufaka nemali)ngenxa yobugebengu bommangalelwa oboshelwe lesosehlakalo. Lo kunxeshezelwa kuzama Uku buyisela isimo sommangali kuleso simo ayeku- so ngaphambi kokulahlekelwa noma Ukulinyalelwa.
Yonke iminyango, izimiso kanye namagatsha athintekayo ecaleni anenhloso yokwenza umsebenzi osezingeni eliphakeme. Kodwa-ke izinto zibuye zon- akale. Uma izinto sezonakele kuyaye kufuneke ulwazi lokuthi konakelephi.
Uma isikhalo sakho sithinta ukuziphatha komphathiswa, ungabhalela noma wenze isicelo sokubonana nomphathi wamajaji (Judicial Head) kulendawo okuyona. lkheli lakhe kanye nezinombolo zocingo unga- zithola enkantolo kamantshi eseduzane.
Uma isikhalo sakho siphathelene nenkaktolo yendawo ungabhalela noma ubonane nomphathi wamajaji kuleyondawo ethintekayo.
Uma ungenelisekile yindlela onakekelwe ngayo umsebenzi wemtho- lampilo kahulumeni, kufanele uqale ubhekise isikhalo sakho kuyena lo okade ethi uyakusiza. Uma-ke ehluleka ukuxazulula isikhalo sakho usun-gadlulela kumphathi waleyondawo okade ufuna usizo kuyo.
Uma unesikhalo ngothisha noma ilunga lezisebenzi esikoleni noma endaweni yokufundela, thintana nothishanhloko walesosikole.
Uma ungakeneliswa ungadlulela kumphathisa wezemfundo kuleyo province, noma umnyango wezemfundo kuzwelonke.
Uma isikhalo sakho sibhekene nomsebenzi womnyango wokulungiswa kwezimilo, ungabhalela U Khomishane Wezamajele (Wezokulungiswa Kwezimilo) noma uMhloli Wamajaji.
Umnyango Wezobulungiswa nezokuthuthukiswa KoMthetho-sisekelo baya- bonga kuzo zonke izinhlangano ekungezona ezahulumeni ngokubamba iqhaza ekuphumeleleni ukusungula losomqulu.
