Farmer 										Zulu

Isikhombiso sokuvusa iqembu (inhlangano) labalimi emzini wakho



Instructions: 

Folio strap: Amaqembu abalimi

Byline: Lokhu okubhaliwe kuhlanganiswe nguA.P.N. du Toit (ARC-Grain Crops Institute), uS.J. Terrblanche (University of Pretoria) noJ. Stevens (University of Pretoria) 

Photos: 

Kungcono ukuhlanganisa imilomo

Abalimi abahlanganayo bafunda izinto ezinsha

Abalimi bangafundisana

Amaqembu anamandla ukuthola imvumelwano ngentengo enhle 

 

Lapha eNingizimu Afrika, isikhathi sabalimi abasakhulayo sesifikile – kufanele basukume bazimisele, bafanele bakhawule ukubheka uhhulumeni neminye imihlangano ukuthola usizo, bafanele babambe izintambo ukuqinisa ikusasa labo. 



Indlela yokuvusa ikhono lokuzimisela yilokhu: abalimi bafanele bahlangane basebenzisane – lokhu kuzobanikeza amandla ukuqhubeka. Abalimi bafanele basebenze ngendlela eqondile ukwakha amaqembu abalimi azimisele, futhi ubunini balawo maqembu bufanele buhlale ezandleni zamalunga. Amaqembu abalimi avula indlela enhle yokuhlangana nokusebenzisana ukuze kutholakale ukuguquka emapulazini nasekulimeni jikelele. 



Kuyakhanya kodwa ukuthi ukuhlanganisa abalimi bakhe amaqembu kuzothatha isikhathi. Lesi sikhombiso siqonde ukuvusa nokukhombisa abaholi ekulimeni ukuzama ukwenza umsebenzi wokuhlangana kwabalimi into ezoba nomphumela omuhle. 



Kungani sifanele sakhe inhlangano yabalimi emizini yethu?

Usizo olukhulu olubalulekile oluzovela enhlanganweni yabalimi ngulokhu: 

Abalimi bangafundisana. Ngale ndlela bathola ulwazi nekhono lokusebenza. 

Ngaphakathi kwenhlangano abalimi bazokwazi ukuthatha izinyathelo ezingcono. Lapho kutholakala ulwazi olwandayo ngaphakathi kwenhlangano kuzosiza ukuthi abalimi bangaphindi benze amaphutha: “Kuncgono ukuhlanganisa imilomo”.

Ezinhlanganweni abalimi bafunda ukucabanga ngezindlela ezinsha futhi ukubheka izindlela ezinsha zokuqhubekela phambili. Amalunga eqembu bayacindezelwa ukubheka nokuthola izindlela ezahlukene zokusebenza. 

Inhlangano inikeza abalimi amathuba ukuhlangana nezindlela ezinsha ezifundwayo, ezingandisa ibhizinisi labo, izindlela zokuthola izinto zokuqala ukulima nezindlela zokumaketa. 

Inhlangano isiza abalimi ukwandisa imbuyiselo emapulazini. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba kuhlanganiswa ulwazi, ikhono nokuthintana ngaphakathi kwamalungu. 

Amaqembu anikeza abalimi amandla ukuthola imvumelwano ngentengo enhle. Abalimi abasakhulayo badinga ukukhuluma ngamazwi anamandla. Iqembu lokufunda elisebenza kahle lizokhulumela amalungu alelo qembu. 

 

Ziyini izimpawu zeqembu lokufunda elisebenza ngendlela efanelekile?

Amaqembu okufunda asebenza kahle anezimpawu ezilandelayo: 

Ubuholi obunamandla – “Abaholi bafanele besebenzele amalungu, hhayi amalungu asebenzele abaholi”. 

Iqembu alibuswa ngumholi noma ilungu elithile ngendlela echachazayo. 

Iqembu elihle linesibonakalo sokuzayo esikhanyayo, linenhloso ekhanyayo futhi linesu eliqondile elikhombisa indlela yokusebenza ezoletha umnotho. 

Amalungu onke ayalingana maqondana nolwazi lokulima futhi badinga izinto ezifanayo. Lapho amalungu alingana onke, ukuhlangana kwabo nokusebenzisana kuqhubeka kahle. 

Ilungu lifanele liqonde kahle ukuthi uyini umsebenzi walo ngaphakathi kweqembu lokufunda. 

Iqembu lifanele libenengcebo namandla alo. Izinto zezomnotho zivama ukuvela kumalungu futhi ziphathwa yiwo. 

Amalungu anesibopho sokubheka umphumelo wamasu abo okusebenza; anesibopho sokusebenzela iqembu futhi ezwa okumnandi ukusebenzisana. 

Onke amalungu anesifiso sokufunda nokunikeza ulwazi lwabo kumanye amalungu. 

Amalungu afanele azimisele lapho bahlanganisa amasu abo okuya phambili, aphathe imisebenzi yawo afune izindlela zokuthola usizo ofanelekile. 

Amalungu awafanelanga aqine ngenkani ngendlela ejwayelekile yokuphatha imisebenzi yawo uma efuna ukuthola umphumela othile. 

Afanele asebenzise amakhono amalungu ahlukene ngendlela efanelekile. 

Kufanele kubekhona ukuzwana lapho exoxana. Amalunga afanele ekwazi ukusho kalula ukuthi isimo sawo maqondana nomsebenzi sinjani futhi bacabanga ini maqondana nendlela iqembu lisebenza ngayo. 

Amalunga afanele azihlole njalo. Njalonjalo ithimu lifanele lime lihlole ukuthi lisasebenza ngendlela efanelekile licabange ngezinye izindlela ezingcono zokusebenza. 

Iqembu lifanele likwazi ukuthintana kalula nabaphathi bezokulima. Iqembu elinje livama ukuhlangana nezinye izinhlangano bese lizokwazi ukumela amalunga nakwezinye izindawo ezweni. 

Iqembu lifanele liyibheke kahle indlela lisebenza ngayo, lingesabi ukusho nokuvuma ukuthi selenze amaphutha. Bese lizokwazi ukusebenza kangcono ngoba lizokwazi ukushintsha indlela yokusebenza edingekayo. 

Amaqembu anikeza amalunga ikhono lokuqhubeka. Ngalinye ngalinye ilunga linesibopho sokusebenzela iqembu kodwa liyazi ukuthi ekugcineni lizosizakala ngoba iqembu linamandla ngaphezu komuntu oyedwa. 



Ukuhlanganisa iqembu lokufunda.

Amaqembu afanele amiswe maqondana nezinhlangano ezikhona nokuqondene nomgwamanqa wonke. Uma kudingeka, ukuthintana nomkhandlu wesigodi kubalulekile. Kufanele kubekhona ukwamukelwa komkhandlu wesigodi nezinye izinhlangano ukuthi kudingeka ukuthi kumiswe iqembu labalimi. 

Bona abalimi bafanele bakhethe amalunga eqembu amasha. 

Iqembu lingaqala libenesimo esinganqunyelwe ngumthetho. Emva kwalokhu lingakhula libenesimo esinqunyeliwe, kodwa ngokuthanda kwalo. (Bheka ubuvelela olubizwa ngokuthi: “Work first and organise later” – “Sebenza kuqala uhlanganise/uhlele emva kwesikhathi”). Lobu buvelela bungcono ngoba abuqinekanga kakhulu, kuvumela abalimi ukukhula emsebenzini wokumisa inhlangano. 

Amaqembu akhona angaphinde abhekwe ukuze asebenze kangcono noma angaphinde avuswe. Kodwa, kungcono ukuyeka amaqembu angasenamandla. 

Uma kubonakala ukuthi abantu abamukelwanga eqenjeni ngendlela efanelekile, kuzodingeka abanye abantu abazosiza ngomsebenzi wokuhlanganisa amalunga ukuze kwakhiwe iqembu eliphilile. 

Lapho abasizi/abahlanganisa amalunga bangasibo baleyo ndawo, zama ukuthola abantu bomgwamanqa wonke, abathembekile abazokwazi ukuthintana nokuhlanganisa abalimi emsebenzini wezokulima. 

Kufanele kubekhona ukukhanya sonke isikhathi mayelana nomsebenzi wabaholi nalabo abasiza ukuhlanganisa abalimi ngoba kubalulekile lapho kwakhiwa iqembu elihle. 

Kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi izidingo nezinkinga zamalunga zeqembu elithile ziyini ngoba lokhu kuhamba phambili lapho ulungisela umsebenzi wakusasa nokubeka phansi izinhloso zeqembu. 



Ubuvelela obuthi: "Work first and organise later" - “Sebenza kuqala uhlanganise/uhlele emva kwesikhathi”:

Lobu buvelela (indlela yokusebenza) kusiza abalimi ukuqala ukusebenza masinya ukuze kungachitheki iskhathi. Iqembu elincane elinganqunyelwe lingaqala ukubheka inkinga ethile bese amalunga asizane ukuxazulula leyo nkinga. Kanjalo amalunga alelo qembu azothola isifiso sokusebenzela inhloso yeqembu. Emva kwalokhu, ukuzwana kwamalunga kwakha umoya onamandla ngaphakathi kwawo, ayasondelana lapho esebenza. Kufana nezinto zemvelo eziphila ngamandla avela ngaphakathi. Ubuhle bale ndlela yokusebenza buyakhanya qwa:

Izinhlangano ziyazikhulela, azihlushwa yizinto ezingaphandle. 

Kudala umoya wabaholi oqinile ngoba abaholi bakhethwe emalungeni eqembu. 

Izinhloso zeqembu yilezo zinto eziqhubekisa iqembu phambili, hhayi ukulobizela 

(ukukhanuka amandla) kwabaholi noma ezinye izinhlangano ezingaphandle. 



Izikhombiso zokwakha iqembu lokufunda

Ukwakha iqembu lokufunda elisebenza kahle kudingeka lokhu: kufanele kubekhona isifiso sabalimi kuleyo ndawo sokuhlangana sokusebenzela inhloso yabo yokuxazulula izinkinga zabo nokukhiqiza izinto ezidingekayo. Alikho iqembu labalimi lokufunda elingacindezelwa ngamandla ngabantu abaphakathi noma abangaphandle ukuhlangana – kufanele kubekhona leso sifiso ngaphakathi kwamalunga. Kodwa singakhohlwa ukuthi izimo zezinto azifani zonke izindawo. Okulandelayo kungaba izikhombiso nezindlela ezizosiza abaholi lapho beqala umsebenzi onzima ukwakha iqembu lokufunda: 



Umhlangano wabalimi ngaphambi kokwakha iqembu

Lapho sekuqala ukuvuka inswelo yokuba neqembu labalimi lokufunda emzweni, abaholi bangaqala ukubiza umhlangano endaweni efanelekile. Kulowo mhlangano kungabakhona abantu abancinci, kodwa abantu abanesifiso sokwakha iqembu labalimi elizoqhubekisa umsebenzi wabo wokulima. Inhloso yalo mhlangano kungaba lokhu: ukuhlola kahle ukuthi isimo somsebenzi wokulima sinjani kuleyo ndawo. Ngaleso sikhathi, kungatholakala ukuthi ziyini izinto ezidingekayo ukuze kwakhiwe iqembu, kuzoba ithuba lokuxoxana nokuzwa ukuthi abantu baleyo ndawo badinga ini futhi ziyini izinhloso zalabo abafuna ukuba amalunga eqembu lokufunda. Labo abafisa ukuba amalunga bafanele batshelwe kahle ukuthi bazothola inzuzo enjani lapho bejoyina iqembu lokufunda. Umhlangano onje uzonikeza abaholi ithuba lokuzwa kahle ukuthi abantu bafunani, futhi lizobalungisela ukujoyina nokuhlangana nabanye abantu abanesifiso esifanayo. Futhi kuzonikeza abalimi ithuba lokucabanga kahle ukuthi basafuna ukujoyina inhlangano efana nale. Ngaleso sikhathi futhi kufanele kukhonjiswe ukuthi uhlelo lomsebenzi leqembu luzobanjani maqondana nezinhloso zalelo qembu.



Umhlangano wesisekelo

Okulandelayo ngukubeka phansi usuku lokuqala ukwakha iqembu. Umlayezo uthi kuzobangcono ukuthi abaholi babheke lo mhlangano ngendlela enganqunyelwe, ethambile. Ngokuqhubeka komhlangano abantu abafisa ukuba amalunga bafanele basho ukuthi isikhathi sokuqala ukuvusa iqembu lifanelekile. Uma kukhona isivumelwano ngesikhathi sokuqala, abaholi bangaqhubeka ukumisa uhlelo lwalelo qembu. 



Abaphathi/Abahlanganisi benza-nje umsebenzi wabo ngaleso sikhathi kuphela ngoba abanaso isimo lapho nakusasa. Abalimi ababonakalayo ukuthi bafisa ukuba amalunga azomenywa ukuza kulo mhlangano. 



Okulandelayo kufanele kubhekwe kahle kulo mhlangano:

Ukukhetha kwabaholi nesikhathi sabo sokuphatha umsebenzi weqembu. Kudingeka umphathisihlalo onjani? Umhlanganisi wamalunga akafaneli ahambe phambili sonke isikhathi yena yedwa – kufanele iqembu lona lizimisele ukukhetha abaholi. 

Ukuxoxana, ukucabanga nokubhekeza izinhloso zalelo qembu. Amalunga afanele aqonde kahle ukuthi ziyini izinhloso zakusasa zeqembu, futhi achache konke okungaba inkinga. 

Amalunga afanele akwazi ukubeka phansi izinhloso zawo nezinto ezibalulekile ezizokwenzeka ngezinyanga eziyisithupha ezilandelayo noma ngonyaka ozayo. Linganisa imisebenzi nezinhloso zeqembu nalokhu okubalulekile kulelo qembu. 

Kufanele kuthathwe isinqumo ukuthi iphrogramu lizohamba kanjani, kuzohlanganwa nini, ngokuphinda futhi nakuyiphi indawo ukuze onke amalunga azokwazi ukuba khona. 



Lokhu kungabhekwa ngokuthi kukuzala kweqembu, ngakho-ke kufanele kuthathwe isikhathi sokuhlanganisa konke okubalulekile ukuze abazohamba ngaphambili bazobanamandla ukubusa ngendlela eqondene nezifiso zeqembu. 



Umhlangano olandelayo

Umsebenzi wokuhlanganisa iqembu ufanele uqhubeke ngokuhlanga futhi emva komhlangano wesisekelo. Lowo mhlangano uzobheka lokhu okulandelayo:

Qinisa ukuthi nifuna ukuqonda kuphi maqondana nemigomo yeqembu. 

Qala isu elizokhombisa usuku nesikhathi lapho umsebenzi othile ufanele wenziwe. 

Hlanganisa umthethosekelo ngendlela ezobeka phansi izimiselo ezithile zalelo qembu ezihambelana nokujoyina iqembu, izimali ezizokhokhwa ngamalunga, ukuya emihlanganweni, ukuvumelana nokulandela umthetho walelo qembu. 

 

Ukuphatha iqembu lokufunda

Ikomiti eliqondisayo

Ngokujwayelekile leli komiti linamalunga amahlanu akhethiweyo: usihlalo, usekela-sihlalo, unobhala nababili abanye. Amanye amaqembu athanda ukukhetha usekela-bhalo nomphathisikhwama ozobheka izindaba zezemali. Lawo malunga amabili angakhethwa endaweni yalabo babili abanye, noma kungakhethwa nabanye abili futhi. Kufanele kubhekwe ubulili balawo malunga ukuze kubekhona abesifazane abalingana nalabo abesilisa eqenjeni. Kuzoba kuhle uma kukhona abesifazane ababili nabesilisa ababili, bese umphathisihlalo ungaba owesifazane noma owesilisa. Le komiti imisela onke amalunga ngakho konke okwenziwayo. Ikomiti iphatha futhi konke okuhambelana nokuqhubeka ngendlela efanelekile ukuze iqembu uthole umphumelo omuhle ohambelana nemigomo yeqembu. 



Ubukhulu beqembu

Ngokwejwayelekile singathi ukuthi amaqembu amancane asebenza kangcono. Inani lamalunga eqembu lihambelana nezidingo noma imigomo yeqembu elithile nekhono labaphathi (ikomiti eliqondisayo) lokuphatha lelo qembu ngendlela efanelekile. Kubalulekile ukuhlangana nabaphathi besiko lemvelo nabaphathi bomuzi wonke ukuze iqembu lisebenze kahle emzini wonke. Lapho ukuphatha kweqembu kuhambe kahle, kufanele iqembu lingalwi nabanye abakhona kulowo muzi futhi lingazibheki njengenhlangano esebenza yodwa, enganaki abanye emzini. Amanye amaqembu ayayivula le ndlela ngokumema bonke abalimi abakhona kulowo umuzi uma kukhona idili labo lomnyaka. 



Ukuthela ukuba ilunga nezinto zezimali

Inani lokuthela lihambelana nalokhu okulandelayo:

Imigomo yalelo qembu; 

Ikhono lezezimali zamalunga; 

Izinhlobo zemisebenzi zalelo qembu lokufunda; 

Ithuba lokuthola umkhuthazi (sponsor) 



Imihlangano

Kufanele kuhlanganwe njalonjalo ukuze imisebenzi yeqembu iqhubeke. Ekuqaleni kufanele iqembu lihlangane njalo ngenyanga. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iqembu lingahlangana njalo emva kwezinyanga ezimbili, kodwa lokhu kufanele kuhambelane nemisebenzi eyenziwayo ngesikhathi sonyaka esithile – iskhathi sokutshala, isikahthi sokulima, njalonjalo. Kufanele kumenywe njalo njalo izazi zezokulima zokukhuluma namaqembu ukuze amalunga athola yonke imininingwane ensha ephathelene nezindaba zezokulima. Iqembu elithile lingakhetha ukuthi lifuna ukumema ubani ozokhuluma nabo. Kanjalo-ke kungamenywa abanye abanikeza ulwazi mayelana nokulima nokuthola ukuthi kuzobiza malini ukuqala ukulima omnyakeni omusha. Iqembu lokufunda linikeza amalunga alo ithuba lokukhetha labo bantu abanolwazi oluqondene nezidingo zalo ukuza ukukhuluma nalo.



Ngokugcina

Amaqembu okufunda ekulimeni asebenza ngendlela efanelekile adingeka kakhulu lapho kufuneka ukuthuthukisa komsebenzi wokulima eNingizimu Afrika. Ngamazwi kaJapie Grobler, umongameli weAgri SA: “Without leadership and organisation, a community tends to stagnate and even talented individuals within the community struggle to escape from the shackles of underdevelopment.” Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngaphandle kobuholi nokuhlangana umuzi uvama ukuma nje, awuthuthuki, futhi abaningi abantu abanekhono bayalahleka ngoba basaboshwe ngezintambo zokungaqhubekeli phambili. Ukhiye lokuvula isivalo sokuzimisela kusezandleni zabalimi abahlangene! 

