Opot												Zulu

Izimbewu zikawoyela nezamaphrotheni ziyini?



Instructions: 

Folio strap: Izimbewu zikawoyela

Byline: UJane McPherson, umphathi wePhrogramu leGrain SA lokuThuthukisa Abalimi



Mayelana newebpage leSA Grains and Oilseeds, kuthiwa ukuthi ukudla okuzinhlamvana ngukudla okungadliwa abantu. Izinhlamvu zikawoyela nazo zingadliwa abantu kakhulukazi ngoba zinowoyela odingakayo ekudleni. Izimbewu eziyizinhlamvu nezikawoyela ezitshalwayo eNingizimu Afrika yilezi: amantongomane, ubhali, irayi, ukolo, i-othi (ihabula), ummbila, amabele, usoya nobhekilanga. 



Izimbewu zikawoyela zitshalwa kakhulukazi ukuthola uwoyela ongaphakathi kwazo. Inani likawoyela elitholaka ezinhlamvaneni ezincane (njongokolo) lifika kuphela ku-1% - 2%; inani likawoyela ezimbeweni zikasoya lifika ku-20% liyangaphezu kwa-40% ezimbeweni zikabhekilanga nezekanola. Izimbewu zikawoyela ezingadliwa abantu zitholokala kakhulukazi ezinhlamveni zikasoya, zikabhekilanga, zekanola, zekotini nezamantongomane. Izimbewu zikawoyela ezinjengeflaksi (linseed) nekhastowoyela zisetshenziswa emsebenzini wohwebo (industry). Ukwakhiwa kwezimbewu ezinamafutha nowoyela ezingadliwa abantu kuyafana nezinye ezingadliwa. Amafutha aqinile lapho kungashisi kakhulu kodwa uwoyela uluketshezi (liquid). 



Ubhekilanga, amantongomane nosoya zonke zitshalwa ehlobo – zitshalwa entwasanhlobo emva isikhathi sesingozi sesithwathwa sesidlulile (zingalinyazwa kalula yisithwathwa), futhi zimila ezinyangeni zasehlobo (ezindaweni lapho imvula ina khona ehlobo). Izitshalo zivuthwa ekwindla bese zivama ukuvunwa emva kokufika kwesithwathwa. Ikanola litshalwa ebusika – yilona lodwa ezimbeweni zikawoyela elingalinyazwa isithwathwa.



Izinhlamvu ezivuniwe ziyagaywa bese kudonswa uwoyela kuzo. Amafutha nowoyela ngukudla okubalulekile, kusetshenziswa njengowoyela, uwoyela wamasaladi nowoyela wolupheka noma kungaqiniswa kwenziwe umajarini namanye amafutha okupheka. Lezi zinto zingena esikhalweni samafutha avela ezimpahleni (njengobhotela) ngoba lawo mafutha awasakwaneli ukudlisa abantu bonke emhlabeni ngoba banda masinya kakhulu. 



Okusalayo lapho kudonswa uwoyela ezinhlamvini kuyinto ebalulekile ekufuyeni kwezimpahla epulazini. Impuphu eyenziwa ngalokhu okusalayo emva kokudonsa uwoyela kusoya, kumantongomane nakwezinye izimbewu zikawoyela ihlanganiswa nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlamvu bese kutholakala ukudla okuhle kwezimfuyo. 



IGrafu 1: Inani lomkhiqizo wamantongomane eNingizimu Afrika.

ENorth West

	Gauteng

	ELimpopo

EMpumalanga

Kwazulu-Natal

EFreyi Stata

ENorthern Cape

Izinkulungwane zamathani

Iminyaka yokukhiqiza



IGrafu 2: Inani lomkhiqizo kasoya eNingizimu Afrika

ENorth West

	Gauteng

	ELimpopo

EMpumalanga

Kwazulu-Natal

EFreyi Stata

EEastern Cape

Izinkulungwane zamathani

Iminyaka yokukhiqiza



IGrafu 3: Inani lomkhiqizo kabhekilanga eNingizimu Afrika.







ENorth West

	Gauteng

	ELimpopo

EMpumalanga

Kwazulu-Natal

EFreyi Stata

EEastern Cape

Izinkulungwane zamathani

Iminyaka yokukhiqiza





