Weeds (Maize) (995 words)								IsiZulu
Cabanga ukusebenzisa umshini ofafazayo ukubulala ukhula 
Instructions:
Folio strap: Ukuphatha ukhula
Byline: Kubhalwe umlimi osuthathe umhlalaphansi
Emva kokutshala ngesikhathi esisuka kuOkthoba esiya kuDisemba 2010 izindawo eziningi lapho kutshalwa khona ummbila zithole imvula eningi. Emapulazini amaningi lokhu ukuna kuvimbe abalimi ukubulala ukhula ngaphakathi kwemisele yommbila. 
Labo balimi abahlulekile ukusebenzisa amakhemikheli ngaphambi kokumila kwezitshalo ukubulala ukhula nalabo abahluleke ukufafaza emva kokumila kwezitshalo, bazoba nenkinga enkulu ngonyaka ozayo ngokhula. Izitshalo zokhula ezikhulile ezithole izimbewu manje zizosakaza lezo zimbewu kuwo wonke amasimu ngohlobo ozayo.
Abakhiqizi abangasebenzisi imishini kakhulu lapho kulinywa (minimum till) nabo babe nezinkinga eziningi emasimini lapho imishini yayingakwazi ukusebenza ngaphambi noma ngemuva ukutshala. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuhlola kahle emasimini lapho kuzotshalwa khona ukubona ukuthi ukhula olunhlobo onjani uzomila kuziphi izindawo. Umuthi namakhemikheli afanelekile bese angathengwa – xoxa nomphathi walezo zinto uthole umlayezo.
Ezindaweni eziningi imvula iphinde yafika ngaAgosti, manje lokhu kuzophinda futhi kuvimbe umlimi ukubulala ukhula ngemishini emasimini noma ukusebenzisa amakhemikheli ngonyaka ozayo. Uma sibheka konke lokhu, fuhti uma wena wayesebenzisa imishini ukubulula (ukuhlakula) ukhula kuphela, kungabangcono ukucabanga ngokuthenga umshini ofafazayo (spray rig). 
Izinhlobo zemishini ezifafazayo
Imishini enezinhloko ezintathu
Emakhethini kungatholakala imishini ehlukene – kukhona imishini eboshelwa kulezo zinhloko ezintathu zikagandaganda ezinamathangi angu-600 litha aya ku-1 000 litha enemikhono (izingalo) esuka ku-12 m eya ku-16 m. Imishini enamathangi angathatha amalitha angu-1 000 ifanele isetshenziswe kuphela kugandaganda onezinhloko ezikwazi ukuphamisa amathani angu-1,5 noma ngaphezulu.
Imishini eyakhiwa lapha ezwini lethu ayiduli kakhulu futhi ama’spare’ atholakala kalula ngesikhathi sokutshala. Uma uthenga umshini ovela phesheya qinisa ukuthi umthengisi uyakwazi ukugarantiya wena uzokwazi ukuthola amaphampu amasha, amadayifremu namanozili ahlukene njalo lapho uyawadinga. Indlela eyodwa yokufafaza umuthi idinga amanozili afanele leyo ndlela – iphetheni lokufafaza nokuvuleka kenozili. Ukulinganisa kokucindezela enozilini elilodwa kubalulekile ngoba kufanele kuphume iconsi elithile elihambelana nohlobo lokhula, nohlobo lomuthi.
Umshini odonswayo
Uma ukwazi ukuthenga umshini odonswayo kuzokulethela izinsizo ezahlukene lapho uzilinganisa nomshini oboshwa ngezinhloko ezintathu. Ukudleka kwamahayidroliki kugandaganda kuyehla futhi ugandaganda usebenza kangcono ngoba awunamthwalo oqinisa umhlabathi. Izinhlamvu ezikwazi ukuthatha amalitha angu-2 000 zenza ukuthi ungafafaza indawo enkulu ngaphambi kokugcwalisa futhi ngenhlanganiso yomuthi. Khumbula ukulinganisa ububanzi bamasondo omshini ahambe ngokulingana nemisele yepulantela futhi wena oshayelayo ukwazi ukushintsha indlela umshini usebenza ngayo.
Ngokuvamekile kusetshenziswa inhlanganiso ethangini elingana namalitha angu-200 ifafazwa ehekthelini elilodwa. Kanjalo ithangi elinezinhloko ezintathu elithatha amalitha angu-600 lizofafaza amahektheli amathathu ngaphambi kokugcwalisa futhi ukuze ukwazi ukuqhubeka ukufafaza.
Lapho ucabanga ngokufafaza umuthi obulala ukhula, kufanele ucabange ngalokhu okulandelayo: ingakanani indawo efanele ifafazwe, unesikhathi esingakanani sokufafaza, kukhona amanzi akwenele ukuhlanganisa umuthi, inani likagandaganda nemishini – nenqolwane elinethangi elingathatha amalitha angu-5 000. Kuzokusiza futhi ukufaka impomphi kulelo thangi ukuze uzogcwalisa amanye amathangi masinya. 
Kufanele uzilungisele kahle ngaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphatha kahle yonke imishini yakho ukuze ungangeni enkingeni emasimini ngesikhathi sokutshala. Ngezikhathi zamanje kunzima ukuthola inzuzo ekulimeni uma ungenalo ulwazi olukhulu maqondana nokuphatha ukhula ngamakhemikheli, ukufafaza lowo muthi ngendlela efanelekile nangemishini efanelekile. Njalo, cela usizo kulabo abanolwazi nabangcweti bakusize ngokuthela nokufafaza amakhemikheli abulala ukhula nezilokazane.
Lapho ungenawo ugandaganda onamandla okwanele noma ungenayo imali yokuthenga le mishini, cabanga ukuqasha umkhontilaki onomshini omkhulu ofafazayo. Labo bantu bavama ukubiza imali esuka ku-R65 eya ku-R100 ehekthelini bese kufakwa nezindleko zedizili. Amasimu amakhulu angafafazwa emini nasebusuku nogokusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-GPS. Kodwa, ngaphambi kokungena enkontilakini, qinisa ukuthi umkhontilaki uzokwazi ukufika ngesikhathi esibekiwe, futhi uzofika ngesikhathi esifanelekile lapho kudingeka afike futhi ukuthi kuzodingeka imishini enjani ezonikezwa umlimi noma umkhontilaki. Khumbulani, abanye abankontilaki abanalo ithangi lokuletha amanzi noma amaloli. Lapho ungakwazi ukulinganisa amanzi adingekayo nomuthi ofanele ufafazwe uzolwa nomkhontilaki naye uzolwa nawe – umsebenzi uzokuma. 
Kufanele ulinganise izindleko zokuthenga imishini yakho, ukuba nekhono lokufafaza ihektheli elithile ngesikhathi esifanele wena nezindleko zokuqasha umkhontilaki zokwenza lowo msebenzi wokufafaza. Okunye mhlawumbe okungakusiza yilokhu: abaningi abankontilaki banalo ulwazi maqondana nezinhlobo nezinhlanganiso zamakhemikheli ezisesetshenziswayo ngokwamanje.
Kuzokusiza ukuhlola sonke isikhathi ukuthi kufafazwa kanjani. Kungakusiza futhi ukuxoxa nabaluleki abasebenzela izinkampani ezahlukene ezithengisa amakhemikheli bese uzokwazi ukulinganisa izindleko zamakhemikheli ehekthelini nokusekela kwalezo zinkampani ezithengisa amakhemikheli. Khumbula ukuthi abanikezi bamakhemikheli basebenza kakhulu ngesikhathi sokutshala bese abangeke bakwazi ukusekela bonke abalimi abanenkinga ngokuhlanganisa amakhemikheli ethangeni. Uma ungenabo ubungcweti kungenzeka ukuthi uthele amakhemikheli kancane noma kakhuluI. 
