Inqubomgomo yobandlululo nengcindezelo yadala isimo lapho zonke izilimi ngaphandle kwezimbili zingabukelwanga nje phansi kodwa zacindezelwa ngezinga eliphezulu kakhulu. IsiNgisi kanye nesiBhunu zanikezwe isikhundla sokuba semthethweni futhi zakhuthazwa zathuthukiswa ngendlela ehlelekile kodwa elimaza izilimi zomdabu zaseNingizimu Afrika.
Umthethosisekelo waseRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika, ka-1996 uhlinzekela ukusebenzisa ngokulinganayo zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni ezweni kanye nokukhuthaza nokuthuthukisa izilimi ezazibandlululiwe esikhathini esedlule. Ngaphandle kwezilimi ezisemthethweni eziyi-11 (ishumi nanye), Umthethosisekelo wazisa nezinye izilimi ezifana ne-Nama, i-Khoi, ne-San kanye Nolimi lweziMpawu okumele nalo lukhuthazwe futhi luthuthukiswe.
I-Gauteng yidolobha elinenhlanganisela yezizwe futhi yisifundazwe lapho kungakhulunywa kuphela izilimi ezisemthethweni zaseNingizimu Afrika eziyi-11 (isiPedi, IsiSuthu, IsiTswana, isiSwazi, isiVenda, IsiTsonga, IsiBhunu, IsiNgisi, isiNdebele, isiXhosa kanye nesiZulu) kuphela kodwa siyikhaya lezilimi eziningi. Izithunywa zamazwe, izifiki, ababaleki nosomabhizinisi abavela emhlabeni wonke nabahlala esiFundazweni saseGauteng sekwenze ukuba lendawo ibe yikhaya lezilimi eziningi zakwamanye amazwe.
Uhlaka Lwenqubomgomo Yesifundazwe sase-Gauteng (GLPF) oluhlose kakhulu ukuhlinzeka ngemihlahlandlela ebanzi yokuqhuba uhlelo lokusetshenziswa kwezilimi eziningi, lusungulwe ngesizathu esiqondene ngqo nezidingo zoMthethosisekelo waseRiphabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika kanye Nohlaka Lwenqubomgomo yoLimi Lukazwelonke (oluvunywe lwethulwa ngoMashi ka-2003) olunomthelela wamalungelo omthethosisekelo ophathelene nokusetshenziswa nokuthuthukiswa kolimi. Uhlaka Lwenqubomgomo yoLimi Lukazwelonke ludinga ukuthi zonke izifundazwe zisungule inqubomgomo yazo okufanele ihambisana nalo.
iGLPF wumkhiqizo wokubonisana nabahlanganyeli abahlukile emazingeni endawo, esifundazwe nakazwelonke. Laba bahlanganyeli bafaka Iziko leZilimi zikaZwelonke loMnyango WezobuCiko Namasiko, Uhulumeni Wesifundazwe sase-Gauteng (i-GPG) iminyango nokugcizelelwa okukhulu kuMnyango wezeMfundo wase-Gauteng, Ibhodi Lezilimi zaseNingizimu Afrika, Ikomiti Lolimi Lesifunda saseGauteng, omasipala, Isishayamthetho saseGauteng nezingcweti ezimbalwa zezilimi. Le nqubo yokubonisana yenziwe nguMnyango wezeMidlalo, ezokuNgcebeleka, ezobuCiko namaSiko usizwa ngongoti bezilimi ezahlukene.
Nemiphumela enqala yocwaningo lwenhlalo nokusetshenziswa kolimi eyajutshwa yiPanSALB ngo2001 yacutshungulwa. Lolu cwaningo lwasebenzisa indlela exube imikhakha nengxube yabantu baseNingizimu Afrika abaneminyaka engu-16 nangaphezulu abacashunywe ezigabeni ezahlukene zempilo, emiphakathini yasemakhaya neyasedolobheni. Izindawo okwagxilwa kuzo kakhulu yizilimi ezisetshenziswa ekhaya nezilimi ezisetshenziswa ngasese, ngokuthanda, emphakathini, ezikhungweni zomphakathi nemfundo, izilimi emisebenzini nasezikhungweni zemfundo, umqondo wokubuka inqubomgomo yolimi, ukukhuluma kakhe ulimi nesibalo sezilimi ezikhulunywa ngumuntu.
Umthethosisekelo uphinde wahlonipha imfundo njengenkundla ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuthazeni nokuthuthukisa izilimi. I-GLPF ibuye ibhekele izidingo zoMthetho Ongamele Izikole eNingizimu Afrika ka 1996 ngokubuka indlela okusetshenziswa ngayo izilimi ezikoleni nokuthi ulimi kwiNqubomgomo yeMfundo luhlobana kanjani nesimo nje sezemfundo.
k Ukuqhakambisa impatho enhle yolimi enomthelela wokusingatha, ukwethula ngendlela enempumelelo neyongayo izidingo zomphakathi; kanye l Nokugxilisa kanye nokuqhakambisa isizwe esikhulayo, ukuba nothando lobuzwe kanye nobumbano phakathi kwamathimba ahlukene ezolimi namasiko eGauteng.
Isigaba- 29 sithi noma ngubani unelungelo lokuthola imfundo ngo(ezi)limi Olu(ezi)semthethweni abalu(zi)khethayo ezikhungweni zomphakathi, uma likhona ithuba laleyo mfundo.
Umthetho we-PanSALB, ka-1995 kokunye uhlinzeka ngokwemukela, ngokuqhuba nokusabalalisa isiko lezilimi eziningi kanye nokuthuthukisa izilimi zendabuko ezazibandlululiwe esikhathini esedlule. Uphinde futhi uphakamise ukubunjwa kwamakomiti olimi esifundazweni.
Uhulumeni wesiFundazwe wase-Gauteng ngokusebenzisa Umnyango wezeMidlalo, ezokuNgcebeleka, ezobuCiko namaSiko usulibumbile Ikomiti Yolimi Yesifundazwe sase-Gauteng.
Nakuba Umthetho Wezikole waseNingizimu Afrika (i-SASA) usohlelweni lokuchitshiyelwa kodwa okwamanje usahlinzekela uNgqongqoshe wezeMfundo, ngokuhambisana noMthethosisekelo ngemuva kokubonisana noMkhandlu woNgqongqoshe ukunquma amazinga namaqophelo enqubomgomo yolimi ezikoleni zomphakathi. Uphinda futhi ucacise ukuthi isigungu esingamele isikole somphakathi singakwazi ukunquma inqubomgomo yolimi ngokulandela Umthethosisekelo, lo Mthetho (i-SASA) kanye neminye imithetho yesifundazwe ethintekayo.
Izinjongo Zomthetho Othuthukisa Ukufinyelela Elwazini kumele uholele elungelweni lomthethosisekelo elivuma ukufinyelela kunoma yiluphi ulwazi olugcinwe nguMbuso, izigungu ezizimele noma abantu, kuye ngemikhawulo ethile emukelekile. Lokho kufinyelela akuqondile nje kuphela ukuthola ulwazi oluphathekayo kodwa kumele lube ngolimi oluqokwe yilowo ofake isicelo, uma kwenzeka.
Njengoba isheduli ye-4 yoMthethosisekelo ichaza ukuthi ulimi luwumkhakha wokubambisana phakathi kohulumeni kazwelonke nezifundazwe, i-NLPF ibeka ukuthi zonke izikhungo zikahulumeni (zikazwelonke, zezifundazwe nohulumeni bendawo) kanjalo nezikhungo eziqhuba amandla noma imisebenzi yomphakathi ziboshezelwe wuhlaka.
Ukuqhubekisa ubulimi-ningi, kulindeleke ukuba izifundazwe zibumbe izinhlaka zazo zenqubomgomo yolimi ethathelwe kwi-NLPF nalapho ziyobhekela khona izimo zezifunda, izidingo kanye nokuziqokela kwemiphakathi yezifundazwe. Ngemuva kwalokhu, ohulumeni bendawo bayozibumbela inqubomgomo yolimi ehambisana Nohlaka lweNqubomgomo yesiFundazwe.
Lapho kusemqoka khona, nohulumeni uyagqugquzelwa ukweseka imboni ezimele ukuba isungule futhi itshale inqubomgomo yayo ngendlela ehambisana noHlaka olungenhla lweNqubomgomo.
Ulimi kwinqubomgomo yeMfundo yinqubomgomo yolimi kazwelonke esebenza emkhakheni wemfundo. Inhloso esemqoka iqhakambisa ukuxhumana okugamanxe emigoqweni yebala, yamasiko, yolimi kanye nenkolo, ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwakha isimo sokuhlonipha izilimi ezikhulunywa ngabanye abantu.
Kuyohlonishwa futhi kukhuthazwe indlela yokuxhumana ngomlomo ngazo zonke izilimi eziyi-11 ezisemthethweni zikazwelonke.
Inqubomgomo yoLimi eSetshenziswa kwiMfundo iveza ukuthi bonke abafundi kufanele bafundiswe okungenani ulimi lomdabu olulodwa, yonke imikhakha yolimi izakunikezwa isikhathi kanye nemithombo efanayo, futhi neziphathimandla ezingeni lesifundazwe kumele zinqume inqubomgomo mayelana nezidingo zokuqhubekisa izinga eliphathelene nezilimi kanjalo izifundo, kuye ngenkambo evamile kuzwelonke.
Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa koHlaka lweNqubomgomo buhlanganisa iminyango ye-GPG, Isishayamthetho sase-Gauteng, omasipala (ababheka ukusetshenziswa kolimi lwesifunda nokuziqokela) kanye nezikhungo ngaphakathi kwesiFundazwe esisebenzisa amandla okwenza nokuqhuba imisebenzi yomphakathi. Amabhizinisi azimele kanye nezigungu ezingaxhumene nohulumeni ziyokhuthazwa ukubumba inqubomgomo yolimi ehambisana nalolu Hlaka lweNqubomgomo.
Izibalo ezingenhla zibonisa ukuthi isiZulu wulimi lwasekhaya olukhulunywa ngabantu abangaphezu kwama-20% ezakhamuzi kumazinga omabili esifundazwe nakuzwelonke. Kusemqoka futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi noma IsiNgisi sisetshenziswa kakhulu njengolimi lwezokuthengisa nesayensi, kodwa lusesikhundleni sesine nesithupha esifundazweni nakuzwelonke. Ithebhula elingenhla libonisa ukuthi alukho ulimi lwasekhaya olunamandla kakhulu ukwedlula ezinye eGauteng kodwa okucacile yisimo sobulimi-ningi lapho ulimi ngalunye kwezinhlanu ezikleliswe phezulu zikhulunywa ngabantu abangaphezulu kwamaphesenti ayi-10 ezakhamuzi, okuthi uma zihlanganiswa, zimele isibalo esingaphezu kwama-70% ezakhamuzi zesifundazwe.
Ukusetshenziswa koHlaka lweNqubomgomo yoLimi kumele kucabangele umehluko ophawulwe ngenhla. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ezinye izilimi ezingahlomuli ngezibalo ezingeni lesifundazwe ngeke zibe nezibalo ezinkulu nasezingeni lohulumeni bendawo, ngakho kufanele lezilimi zithole ukucatshangelwa ezingeni lendawo kanjalo izinsiza ezihlelwe ezingeni lesifundazwe zenabele emazingeni endawo.
Ngo-2003, Umnyango wezeMidlalo, ezokuNgcebeleka, ezobuCiko namaSiko wagunyaza ucwaningo oluphathelene nolimi nokuxhumana eminyangweni ye-GPG. Inhloso enqala yalolu cwaningo kwakuwukuthola izidingo zolimi (kufakwa nemithombo) kanye nokuziqokela kwabaphathi, abasebenzi kanye namakhasimende athola izinsiza esifundazweni.
Ucwaningo luveza ukuthi abasebenzi abaningi ezikhungweni zosizo (labo abemukela amakhasimende) bayakwazi ukuxhumana namakhasimende ngolimi olulodwa noma ngaphezulu kwezomdabu, ngaphandle kwesiNgisi nesiBhunu kanti nabasebenzisi abaningi bezinsiza zikahulumeni baqoka ukusebenzisa izilimi zomdabu. Esibhedlela sesifundazwe, njengesibonelo, ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi ulimi olusetshenziswa yizisebenzi kwakungama-7,9%, 36,8% kanye-58,5% IsiBhunu, IsiNgisi kanye Nolimi lwase-Afrika ngokulandelana.
Isithombe siyaguquka ekuphatheni ngoba umbono wabasebenzi ngothi imibhalo, izethulo nezinsiza zokuxhumana ziya ngokwanda zethulwa ngesiNgisi okuwulimi olungandile ukusetshenziswa ngabasebenzi lapho bezikhulumela bodwa.
Ucwaningo lugqamisa isidingo esikhulu sezinsiza zokuhumusha, kanye nobumqoka obusezingeni eliphezulu okumele benziwe ekusetshenzisweni kolimi lwasekhaya. Lokhu-ke kuzobe kuphathelene nokuxhumana ngomlomo nangokubhaliwe.
Akuyiyo yonke iminyango ehumushela imibhalo yayo yamasu okusebenza olimini olulodwa noma ngaphezulu lomdabu. Nakuba izindleko zinqanda umnyakazo ophezulu wokuhumusha imibhalo, eminye iminyango isiqalile ukuba yisibonelo. Ukwenza isibonelo: Isabelo-mali sika 2005 sesiFundazwe sitholakala ngezilimi ezimbili zomdabu.
Uhulumeni wesiFundazwe sase-Gauteng, njengoba kudingwa nguMthethosisekelo futhi ngenxa yokucabanga ubulimi-ningi njengesinyathelo esisemqoka, uzohlonipha futhi aphakamise amalungelo olimi azo zonke izakhamizi zesifundazwe sakhe.
Ngamandla alingene, (ngemuva kokubhekela imithombo ekhona nezidingo ezinqala zoMthethosisekelo), wonke umuntu uyonikwa ithuba lokusebenzisa ulimi aziqokele lona lapho ekhuluma neziphathimandla. Njengoba uchazile ngenhla umbiko wocwaningo, ukusetshenziswa kwezilimi zomdabu kushayelwa ihlombe futhi kuyagqugquzelwa kodwa uma imiphumela ingaphansi kwelindelwe, izindlela zokwenza ngcono isimo kumele zemukelwe futhi ziphuthunyiswe.
Ulimi lwemibhalo yangaphakathi ku-GPG luyoba yisiNgisi kanti imibhalo ehunyushelwe kwezinye izilimi ezisemthethweni ne-Braille iyotholakala ngesicelo, uma ikhona indlela. Lapho kubonwa ukuthi kufanelekile futhi kusemqoka, imibhalo ethile iyohunyushelwa ezilimini ezimbalwa kulezi eziyishumi ezisemthethweni bese isatshalaliswa ngaphandle kokulindela izicelo zomphakathi. Isishayamthetho sase-Gauteng siyoqhubeka sikhiqize imibhalo yempikiswano, okungenani ngezilimi ezine ezisemthethweni.
IsiNgisi siyosetshenziswa futhi njengendlela yokuxhumana ngaphakathi komnyango kanye nangaphakathi kohulumeni.
Ulimi lokuxhumana ngaphakathi nangaphandle luyoholwa yisimo esingenzeka ngempela ngokusetshenziswa kwezilimi eziningi, isibonelo; inhloso nengqikithi yenkulumo, ubukhona bemithombo kanye nezithameli eziqondiwe. Ukusetshenziswa kolimi ngabasebenzi abafolose phambili emisebenzini yomphakathi efana nezibhedlela zomphakathi, iziteshi zamaphoyisa, izikhungo zezinsiza zomphakathi, amahhovisi ezindlu kanye neSishayamthetho sase-Gauteng kumele kusimamiswe ngokukhipha amafomu ezinsiza abhalwe okungenani ngezilimi zomdabu ezimbili noma lapho kudingeka khona ngazo zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni eziyishumi nanye. Kumele kugcizelelwe futhi ukuthi ukuba khona kwemithombo yokwenza kuyoba ngamaphuzu asemqoka okunquma isibalo sezilimi ezisetshenziswayo.
Emkhakheni wemfundo, Uhlaka lweNqubomgomo yoLimi lwesiFundazwe sase-Gauteng luhlonipha ulimi lokuxhumana nokufundisa ezikoleni njengoba lucaciswe yi-SASA kanye neNqubomgomo yoLimi Olusetshenziswa Emfundweni.
Inqubomgomo yokuSetshenziswa Emfundeni ezingeni lesifundazwe kumele ibhekwe njengengxenye yoHlaka lweNqubomgomo yoLimi yase-Gauteng ukuze kuthuthukiswe ulimi emfundweni.
Ukuxhumana ezingeni lamazwe ngamazwe Kuhulumeni wesiFundazwe sase-Gauteng kuzokwenziwa ngokujwayelekile ngesiNgisi noma ngokukhethiwe ngolimi lezwe elithintekayo lapho kuphumeleleka khona.
Amaziko okuxhumana eminyango ye-GPG aholwa nguMnyango weziPhathimandla: weziNsiza zoLwazi nokuXhumana kuHulumeni Ehhovisini likaMongameli ayohamba phambili ekuholeni izinhlelo ze-PGP eziyofaka umfutho okhuthaza izilimi ezisemthethweni nezinye ngokuhambisana noMthethosisekelo. Umnyango ngamunye we-GPG uyozibumbela iziko lawo lolimi.
Inkundla yokuXhumana ye-GPG iyobandakanya izinhlelo zokulandelela, ukukhuthaza, ukuthuthukisa nezivivinyo zokuhlola impumelelo yohlelo. Izinhlelo zokuvivinya ziyoqhutshwa wumnyango ngokwenza ucwaningo lwaminyaka yonke. Imiphumela yalokho iyonquma izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe kanti ubukhulu bomngenela buyoncika emithonjeni ekhona.
Umnyango wezeMfundo uyoqondana kakhulu nokuqhubekisa nokuthuthukisa izilimi zomdabu ezazibandlululwa kudala ngendlela enqunywe yi- SASA kanye neNqubomgomo yokuSetshenziswa koLimi Emfundweni.
Njengengxenye yemisebenzi yayo, Ikomiti yoLimi yesiFundazwe sase-Gauteng iyoluleka i-GPG ngezindaba nemisebenzi eyosiza ekuthuthukisweni nasekuqhubeleni phambili izilimi, ikakhulukazi izilimi ezazibandlululiwe esikhathini esedlule.
Kumele kushiwo ukuthi isivinini sokuqhutshwa nokuthuthukiswa kolimi kuyoncika esabelweni semali nemithombo ekhona yezinsiza.
Ukubunjwa kwezakhiwo ezengeziwe kanye nezimfuno zokufinyelela elwazini lomphakathi ngolimi olukhethwe ngamalungu omphakathi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwalezi zilimi ngesikhathi sokuxhumana nabasebenzi bomphakathi kuyoba nomthelela entuthukweni yabasebenzi ngaphakathi kwalezo zakhiwo neminyango jikelele ye-GPG.
Esikhathini eside esizayo, abaqashwa kanye nabameleli bomphakathi be-GPG kumele bakwazi ukukhuluma ezinye noma eziningi zezilimi zomdabu ezisemthethweni uma behlose ukwethula ngempumelelo izidingo zomphakathi.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi iminyango kufanele iqeqeshe futhi ithuthukise abasebenzi bayo abafolose phambili ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi ukuze bakwazi ukuxhumana nomphakathi ngendlela ehambisana nenkambiso ye-Batho Pele.
Ngemizamo enzulu yokuthuthukisa izilimi zomdabu kanye nezimo zabantu ezweni eziguquka njalo, kuzophoqeleka ukubuyekeza i-GLPF njalo ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu ngenhloso yokuthola ukuhambisana nesimo nokufaneleka.
