Amakhophi alo mbhalo oshicilelwe, angatholakala ehhovisi lomqondisi:wezokuxhumana kuzwelonke nasezifundazweni, uMnyango weMfundo, ePitoli.
Umnyango wemfundo wethula ngokukhulu ukuziqhenya lesi sitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke samabanga R-9 (ezikoleni) ngazo zonke izilimi eziyishumi nanye zaseNingizimu Afrika.
Ukuhunyushwa kwalo msebenzi bekuyinto engelula neze. Isikhathi esiningi abantu abekade benza lo msebenzi wokuhumusha kade bephoqeleka ukuthi basungule amagama amasha kwezinye izindawo. Le mibhalo-ke ike yathunyelwa nakubantu abangongoti kulezi zilimi ukuthi nabo bayicubungule.
Umnyango wemfundo uthatha le mibhalo njengesiqalo sokukhulisa nokuthuthukisa izilimi zethu. Ngakho-ke sikhuthaza wonke umuntu osemkhakheni wemfundo ukuba ayisebenzise le mibhalo njengesisekelo senqubekelaphambili nokuzithuthukisa.
Yini umphumela wokufunda 18Yini indlela yokuhlola 18Yehluke ngani indlela yokuhlola emiphumumeleni yokufunda?
Ukuhlela kabusha uhlelo lwezifundo lukazwelonke kuyinto ecela inselelo kuleso naleso sizwe. Umnyango wethu wemfundo nawo wethula olwawo uhlelo lwezifundo oluveza umqondo esinawo nendlela esibona ngayo umphakathi wezwe lakithi, esiwubona ngokubheka izingane nabafundi esibakhiqizayo ngokwalolo nalolo hlelo esisuke silusebenzisa. Ngesikhathi kukhethwa okuyizona zinto okufanele zifakwe ohlelweni lwezifundo, kwabekwa phambili lokho okusemqoka okuyikhona kwakha 'imfundo enhle'.
Lolu hlelo lwezifundo lubhalwe ngabantu baseNingizimu Afrika, belubhalela abaseNingizimu Afrika, begqamisa imigomo nezimiso zentando yeningi. Lolu hlelo luqoqela ndawonye iphupho esinalo ngothisha nabafundi. Sifisa ukuba nothisha nabafundi abanolwazi lwezimo ezahlukahlukene zempilo. Kumele kube abantu abanozwelo ezindabeni ezithinta indawo abakuyo nabazokwazi nokumelana nezinselelo iNingizimu Afrika esazohlangabezana nazo kule minyaka eyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili nanye esikuyo.
Kumele nokho sibhekane neqiniso lokuthi kukhona lokho uhlelo lwezifundo oluzophumelela kuko nalokho olungezuphumelela kuko. Ukungalingani nobuphofu kusadlangile ekuphazamiseni imfundo yemindeni eminingi nezingane zayo kuleli lizwe lakithi. Uhlelo lwezifundo-ke luyaye luhunyushwe ngezindlela ezingefani ezimweni ezahlukahlukene. Sizozama nokho ukulwenza ngcono thina lolu olwethu hlelo, siphinde fithi silwele ukulusebenzisa ngempumelelo. Sizokwenza imizamo enamandla ngokusemandleni ethu onke esinawo ukwenza ukuthi leli phupho lethu lifezeke ngokuthi sibhekane nazo zonke izindaba ezithinta ukufunda nokufundisa lapha ezweni lakithi.
Loku kudinga ukuzimisela okukhulu nokuthi wonke umuntu osebenza emfundweni abambe iqhaza elinqala. Sidinga ukusebenzisana okuphelele phakathi kuka hulumeni, abazali, othisha, abafundi kanye nomphakathi wonkana ngoba laba esibabalile bayizinsika zokuphumelela kwemfundo. Ngiyethemba ukuthi lesi sitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke, sizohlanganisa izifiso ezizokhuthaza ukusebenzisana okufaka wonke umuntu wakuleli lizwe laseNingizimu Afrika.
Emhlanganweni wangomhla ka Juni wezi-2000, umkhandlu wongqongqoshe bemfundo wavuma ukuthi lolu hlaka lwesitatimende sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke lwamabanga R -9 kumele lubukezwe lulandele izincomo zombiko wekomiti ebukezayo (wangomhla zingama-31 ku Meyi wezi-2000) mayelana nokuqondisa nokuhlela kabusha uhlelo lwezifundo lwezi-2005.
Emuva kwalokho kwamiswa ikomidi elakhethwa ungqongqoshe, ukuba lihlele futhi liqondise kabusha uhlelo lwezifundo lwezi-2005. Indlela yokubukeza yaqalwa ngo Januwari wezi-2001 ngabasunguli balolu hlelo lwezifundo abayi-150 ababevela emkhakheni wemfundo. Mhla zingama-31 ku Julayi, uhlaka lwesitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke sethulwa ukuze umphakathi ubeke imibono yawo esikhathini esiyizinyanga ezintathu. Ngenyanga ka Novemba, umphakathi wanikezwa futhi ithuba lokukhuluma ngalolu hlelo lwezifundo. Emva kokuba umphakathi uthumele imibono yawo neziphakamiso, le mibono yahlaziywa yiqembu elalikhethiwe lekomidi likangqongqoshe, yahlanganiswa ngoDisemba wesi 2001 ukuthasisela lezo zinguquko ezaziphakanyisiwe. Lesi sitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo siwumphumela walo msebenzi obalulwe lapha ngenhla.
Lo mbhalo kanye nezitatimende zemikhakha yezifundo eziyisishiyagalombili ezishicilelwe njengesengezelelo, uyisisekelo okwakhelwe kuso lesi sitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke samabanga R- 9 (ezikoleni). Isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke samabanga R- 9 (ezikoleni) sona sizothatha indawo yesitatimende sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke samabanga R -9 esavunywa ngonyaka we-1997, uma sesifakwe ngokomthetho njengohlelo lwezifundo.
Kuzosungulwa isu lokusebenza elihlelwe kahle nelizobandakanya wonke umuntu, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukufakwa kwalesi sitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke kuyaphumelela.
Umthethomgomo wokuhlola okhona womhla zingama-23 ku Disemba we-1998 (emqulwini kahulumeni oyinombolo yezi-19640) kanye nomthethomgomo wolimi emfundweni wangomhla ziyi-14 ku Julayi we-1997 (emqulwini kahulumeni oyinombolo yezi-17997) kumele ufundwe kanye nesitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke amabanga R-9 (ezikoleni). Umthethomgomo wokuhlola kumele ufundwe kanye nengxenye efanele yesitatimende somkhakha wesifundo ngamunye. Umthethomgomo ophathelene nokunikezwa kwezitifiketi uzoma kanjalo ngeke ushintshe kuze kufike onyakeni wezi-2008. Emva kwaloko isitifiketi semfundo nokuqeqeshwa esihambisana nesitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke nengxenye efanele yisona esesiyosetshenziswa.
Isitifiketi semfundo nokuqeqeshwa emfundweni ephoqelelwe siyoba yisiqiniseko esipheleleyo sezikole futhi yisona esiyokwenza kufinyelelwe emiphumeleni ngokuthi kusetshenziswe izindlela eziyizo zokuhlola ebangeni lesi-9.
Uhulumeni wentando yeningi waseNingizimu Afrika wamukela kuhulumeni waphambilini uhlelo lwemfundo eyehlukene nengalingani. Ngaphansi kukahulumeni wobandlululo, iNingizimu Afrika yayineminyango yemfundo eyehlukene eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye. Le minyango yayihlukaniswe ngokobuhlanga, ngokwezindawo abantu ababehlala kuzo kanye nangokomqondo wezombusazwe wangaleso sikhathi. Lolu hlobo lwemfundo lwalulungiselela izingane izikhundla okwakulindeleke ukuthi zingene kuzo emphakathini ngezindlela ezahlukene, kwezomnotho kanye nasempilweni yezepolitiki ngaphansi kobandlululo. Emnyangweni ngamunye kuleyo eyayikhona, uhlelo lwemfundo lwabamba iqhaza elikhulu ekugcizeleleni ukungalingani phakathi kwabantu. Lokho okwakufundiswa ezikoleni, indlela okwakufundiswa ngayo kubantwana noma ngabe kwakufundiswa kwakwehluka kuya ngokwezindima okwakubhekeke ukuba babhekane nazo emphakathini jikelele.
Ukuguquka kohlelo lwemfundo eNingizimu Afrika kwasemva kobandlululo kuqale emva kokhetho lwe-1994 lapho umkhandlu wemfundo nokuqeqesha kazwelonke (NETF) waqala uhlelo lokubukeza isilabhasi kanye nokwenziwa ngcono kwezifundo. Injongo yalolu hlelo ikakhulukazi kwakuwukubeka isisekelo sesilabhasi eyodwa kazwelonke. Ukwengeza kulokhu kulungiswa nokuhlanganiswa kwamasilabhasi ayevele ekhona, abathuthukisi bohlelo lokufunda lomkhandlu wemfundo nokuqeqesha kazwelonke basusa ulimi olubandlulula ngokobuhlanga kanye nalolo oluthunazayo kumasilabhasi ayekhona. Kwakungokokuqala ngqa ukuthi izinqumo ezithinta uhlelo lokufunda zenziwa ngendlela ebandakanyayo nenokumelwa kwabo bonke abathintekayo. Noma belukhona uhlelo lomkhandlu wemfundo nokuqeqesha kazwelonke kodwa belungelona uhlelo obeluhlose ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwezifundo.
Umbhalo mayelana nemfundo umuntu ayifunda impilo yakhe yonke, ngaphansi kohlaka lwezifundo lukazwelonke lwe- wawuyisitatimende sokuqala sohlelo lwezifundo esisemqoka seNingizimu Afrika ebuswa ngentando yeningi.
Ikhasi obhekene noMgomo weMfundo kaZwelonke oyinombolo yama-27 we- . Ngokomthethosivivinywa wemfundo, kugcizelelwa isidingo sokwenza inguquko enkulu emfundweni nasekuqeqesheni eNingizimu Afrika. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukulungisa nokuguqula ukufunda nokufundisa eNingizimu Afrika. Kubuye kugcizelelwe isidingo sokuguquka endleleni yokufunda yakudala kuguqukelwe emfundweni eyesekelwe emiphumeleni.
Wezwe elinempumelelo, elibumbene ngokweqiniso, elibuswa ngentandoyeningi, elikwazi ukuqhudelana namazwe omhlaba jikelele, elinezakhamuziezikwazi ukufunda nokubhala, ezinamakhono okuqamba nokuhlolisisa, eziphila impilo enokweneliseka ezweni elingenalo udlame, elingenaloubandlululo nelingenzeleli.
Ukuhlelwa kwesikhathi esizosetshenziswa emfundweni ngendlela eyiyo.
Ukuhlola okuqhubekayo nokuthi imiphumela yalokho okuhloliwe iqoshwe phansi kwenziwe nemibiko ngayo.
Okuyiwona mazinga alindelekile njengemiphumela yalokho obekade kwenziwa.
NgoOkthoba we-1997, isitatimende sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke sezi-2005 sashicilelwa ngokwezimiso zesaziso sikahulumeni esiyinombolo ye-1445. Umthethomgomo wokuhlola emfundweni edidiyele yamabanga R-9 nemfundo yabadala eyisiqalo, waqalwa ngoDisemba we-1998 (Umthetho we-19640). Wethulwa ezikoleni ngonyaka we-1998. Uhlelo lwezifundo lwezi-2005 nokusetshenziswa kwalo kwahlolisiswa yikomiti likangqongqoshe ngonyaka we-2000. Inhloso yalokhu kuhlolisisa kwakuwukwakhiwa nokuhlelwa kohlelo lwezifundo, ukwembulela othisha ngalokho okulindeleke kubo, ukuqeqesha othisha nokuthuthukisa izinga lemfundo, izinsizakufunda nokufundisa, nokusekelwa kothisha ezikoleni yiminyango yezifundazwe kanye nokulandela izikhathi ezihlelwe ukwenza umsebenzi. Emuva kokuba ikomiti likangqongqoshe elibukezayo selihlolisisile, labe selethula umbiko walo ngomhla zingama-31 ku Meyi wezi-2000.
Leli komiti elibukezayo lenza izincomo zokuthi, ukuze kuqiniswe uhlelo lokufunda, kufanele kuhlelwe kabusha isakhiwo salo nokuthi kwenziwe lula ulimi lwalo bese kwethulwa kabusha lokhu ngokukhipha isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke. Labuya futhi leli komiti laphakamisa ukuthi lesi sitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo kumele sinciphise izinhlaka obekade kwakhiwe ngazo lolu hlelo lokufunda zisuke kweziyisishiyagalombili ziye kwezintathu, okuyilezi: imiphumela ehlaziyayo nethuthukisayo, imiphumela yezifundo nemithetho yokuhlola. Kumele futhi isitatimende lesi sibeke bucace bha ubudlelwane obukhona phakathi kohlelo lwezifundo kanye nokuhlola. Ngaphezulu kwalokho, leli komiti laphakamisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sitatimende kumele kuqiniswe ngokuthi kukhushulwe izinga lokuqeqeshwa kothisha, kuthuthukiswe izinga lezinsizakufunda nezinsizakufundisa kanye nokuthi imfundo ithole ukwesekelwa okuphelele yizifundazwe. Labuye futhi leli komiti laphakamisa ukuthi kuxegiswe izikhathi ezibekelwe ukusetshenziswa.
NgoJuni wezi-2000, uMkhandlu woNgqongqoshe beMfundo wazivuma lezi ziphakamiso zohlelo lwezifundo zekomiti elibukezayo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesitatimende sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke, esizobeka ngolimi olulula nolucacile ukuthi yini efuneka kulolu hlelo lwezifundo emazingeni nasezigabeni ezahlukene kufanele kuqale ngokushesha.
Ikhasi abangezukukwazi ukuwuthwala. Kufanele futhi sinikeze incazelo ecacile yokuthi umfundi uzobe esezuze lwazi luni, namakhono mani nokuthi iyiphi indlela yokuziphatha esingayilindela kuye emuva kokuba esephothulile ngokwalolu hlelo lwemfundo.
Ukubukezwa kohlelo lwezifundo lwezi-2005 kwaveza uhlaka lwesitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke. Lolu hlaka lwesitatimende sohlelo lwezifundo lukazwelonke lwanikezwa umphakathi ukuze uphawule ngalo ngomhla zingama-30 kuJulayi wezi-2001. Lwabuye lwabukezwa ngokweziphakamiso zomphakathi phakathi konyaka wezi-2001/2002. Okufanele kucace ukuthi isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke asilona uhlelo lwezifundo olusha kodwa senzelwe ukuhlela nokuqinisa kabusha uhlelo lwezifundo lwezi-2005 bese siqinisekisa ukuthi imigomo nezinhloso zemfundo esekelwe phezu kwemiphumela yezifundo ziyaphumelela.
Ngalesi sikhathi, lolu hlelo lokubukeza uhlelo lwezifundo lusaqhubeka, izikole zona ukusukela ebangeni-R kuya ku-9 zisazoqhubeka ngokwezimiso nemigomo ebisebenza phambilini. Uma isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke samabanga R-9 (ezikoleni) sesiba ngumthethomgomo, sizothatha indawo yesitatimende sohlelo lwezifundo samabanga R-9 esavunywa ngonyaka ka-1997. Ukungeniswa ngokusemthethweni kwesitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo ezingeni eliyisisekelo kuhlelelwe ukuqala ngonyaka wezi-2004.
Le ncazelo jikelele yethula iphinde inikeze isendlalelo kuzitatimende zemikhakha yezifundo eziyisishiyagalombili, ezakha isisekelo sesitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke samabanga R-9 kule nhlanganisela yemfundo nokuqeqesha.
Umthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika, (Umthetho we-108 we-1996) unikeza isisekelo sokuguqulwa nokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokufunda eNingizimu Afrika entsha.
Ukwakha isisekelo somphakathi obuswa ngentando yeningi lapho uhulumeni enza njengokufisa kwabantu nalapho leso naleso sakhamuzi sivikelekile ngaphansi komthetho.
Ukwakha iNingizimu Afrika ebumbene nebuswa ngentando yeningi futhi ezokwazi ukubamba iqhaza elibonakalayo njengombuso ozimele phakathi kwezizwe ezahlukene zomhlaba.
Lapha kubuye kwavezwa amanye amasu ayi-16 okwenza intsha yaseNingizimu Afrika yazi ngobumqoka bomthethosisekelo. La masu avezwe kahle kulesi sitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke.
Ukugqugquzela isiko lokuxhumana kubafundi nokuthi bakwazi ukuhlanganyela nabanye kokwenziwayo esikoleni.
Ukuba yisibonelo esihle: ngokuthi kukhuthazwe ukuzibophezela kothisha babuye futhi baveze amakhono abo athile.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu oyisakhamuzi saseNingizimu Afrika uyakwazi ukufunda, ukubhala, ukubala kanye nokucabanga ngendlela eyiyo.
Ukukwazi ukufunda ngenhlanganisela yamasiko, izinkolelo nemibono eyehlukene eyakha leli zwe lakithi laseNingizimu Afrika.
Ukuvulela amathuba ngokulinganayo kubafana namantombazane ukuthi baveze amakhono alokho abangakwazi ukukwenza.
Ukubhekana nenkinga yesandulela ngculazi nengculazi uqobo lwayo kanye nokuthuthukisa indlela yokuziphatha mayelana nezindaba zocansi kanye nasemphakathini imbala.
Ukukhuthaza intshisekelo yothando lobuzwe bakho nokwazisana ngokobuzwe.
Umthethosisekelo uveza ukubaluleka kokuhlalisana kwabantu kubhekwe kakhulu amalungelo esintu kanye nalokho okufanele kwenziwe yizakhamuzi kanye nendima yazo ebanzi ekwakheni iNingizimu Afrika ebuswa ngentando yeningi. Umthethosivivinywa wamalungelo esintu ubeka phambili ukubaluleka kokulingana, ukuhlonishwa kwesithunzi somuntu, ilungelo lempilo nenkululeko kanye nokuphepha kwabantu bonke. Lokhu kanye namanye amalungelo enkululeko yezenkolo kanye nenkolelo, ukukhuluma ngokukhululeka nokuzibandakanya, kuyizithupha ziya ogwayini namalungelo ezokuhlalisana ngokwezomnotho. Umuntu ngamunye unelungelo lokukhululwa ebuphofini, ngokuthi abe nendawo yakhe yokufihla ikhanda nokuthi avikeleke angabhekani nesimo sempilo esingesihle kanye nendlala.
Isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke sizama ukuhlanganisa loku okubalulekile elwazini nasemakhonweni esiwathuthukisayo. Sigqugquzela ukuthi bonke abafundi babe nolwazi nokuqonda ngale ngcebo eyinhlanganisela yamasiko nezinkolelo kanye nemibono eyahlukene okuhlangene kwakha izwe elilodwa laseNingizimu Afrika.
Inselelo ebhekene nalesi sitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo ukuthi izinhloso zokubaluleka kobulungisa ekuhlalisaneni, okungukulingana nentando yeningi zingahlanganiswa kanjani kuzo zonke izinhlelo zezifundo. Ukugqugquzela izinto ezibalulekile empilweni akwenzelwa nje kuphela ukuthuthukiswa komuntu ngamunye kodwa kubuye kuveze isithombe esakhelwe ezintweni ezibalulekile nezehlukile kulezo ezaziyizikhonkwane zemfundo ngesikhathi sobandlululo. Uhlobo lomfundi olindelekile yiloyo ozokwazi okusemqoka abuye abhekane nezidingo zomphakathi ezakhelwe phezu kokuhlonipha intando yeningi, ukwazi ukuthi bonke abantu bayalingana, ukuhlonipha isithunzi somuntu, ukuhlonipha ilungelo lomuntu lokuphila nokuba nomphakathi onobulungiswa.
Lolu hlelo lwezifundo luhlose ukuthuthukisa ikhono eligcwele lomfundi ngamunye.oyisakhamuzi saseNingizimu Afrika ebuswa ngentando yeningi.
Ikhasi onokuzethemba nokwaziyo ukuzimela. Kumele kube umfundi okwazi ukufunda nokubhala, okwazi ukubala nonamakhono ahlukahlukene. Kufanele abe nesihawu, akwazi ukuhlonipha imvelo emzungezile futhi abe nekhono lokuhlanganyela emphakathini njengesakhamuzi esikhuthele nesilibambayo iqhaza.
Othisha kuwo wonke amazinga baneqhaza abalibambayo ekuletheni izinguquko emfundweni yaseNingizimu Afrika. Lesi sitatemende sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke silindele othisha abaqeqeshiwe, abawenza kahle nangokuzinikela umsebenzi wabo nabanakekelayo. Lokhu kuzokwenza bakwazi ukufeza izidingo njengoba zibekiwe enkambisweni yokulindelekile kothisha yonyaka wezi-2000 (umqulu kahulumeni ongunombolo wezi-20844). Ngokwalezi zimiso othisha bathathwa njengabaxhumanisi emfundweni, yibona abahumusha babuye bahlele izinhlelo zezifundo. Yibona abangabaholi, abasingathi, abaphathi bemfundo, abacwaningi nongoti emikhakheni eyahlukene yokufunda. Benjalo nje kulindeleke ukuthi nabo babonakale bengamalunga amukelekile omphakathi nezakhamuzi ezihloniphekile zezwe lakithi. Kulindeleke ukuba babe abantu abahlale belubalubela ulwazi olusha, okuzobenza bakwazi ukubona ukuthi imfundo yabantwana bethu ingeyiyona yona.
Isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo lukazwelonke siqukethe umbhalo onikeza incazelo jikelele kanye nemikhakha eyisishiyagalombili yezifundo.
Kunemikhakha eyisishiyagalombili yezifundo esohlelweni lwezifundo lukazwelonke. Umkhakha ngamunye wokufunda uyisizinda solwazi namakhono abalulekile, othi noma wehlukile komunye kepha ube unobudlelwane neminye imikhakha yezifundo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi le mikhakha yezifundo eyehlukene iyaxhumana ngandlela thize njengoba yonke iyizizinda zolwazi.
Yilowo nalowo mkhakha udingida kabanzi ngobudlelwano phakathi kwamalungelo esintu, indawo ephephile esiyakhele nendlela eyiyona yona yokuhlalisana phakathi kwabantu.
Lolu hlelo lwemikhakha yezifundo lusinikeza umhlahlandlela walokho okulindelekile nokuyizidingo zemfundo kusukela emabangeni R kuya ku 9.
R-9 sakhelwe phezu kombono nalokho okubalulekile okuvela kumthethosisekelo wezwe lethu kanye nohlelo lw emfundo luka-2005.
Uhlelo lwemfundo luneqhaza elinqala elingalibamba ekwaziseni umphakathi ngokuhlobana okukhona phakathi kwamalungelo esintu, indawo enempilo esihlala kuyo, ukuhlalisana okuhle phakathi kwabantu nokuhlanganyela kwawo wonke umuntu. Kwamanye amazwe uhlelo olunjena lwenziwa ngokuthi kube nesifundo esifundisa ngamalungelo esintu nalokho okulindeleke kuzakhamuzi. Isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lokufunda sikazwelonke sizamile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imikhakha yezifundo iveze ngokusobala izimiso zayo mayelana nokuhlalisana okuhle phakathi kwabantu, ukuhlonishwa kwendawo esihlala kuyo kanye namalungelo esintu njengoba echazwe kumthethosisekelo wezwe. Uhlelo lokufunda lolu luzama ikakhulukazi ukuba nozwela ezindabeni ezithinta ubuphofu, ukungalingani ngokwamazinga empilo, ubuhlanga, ubulili, ubudala, ukukhubazeka, kanye nenselelo yesandulela ngculazi nengculazi uqobo lwayo.
Isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke sikhetha indlela edidiyelayo ngokuthi sigqamise izidingo ezimbalwa zabafundi. Lezo zidingo ngqo zabafundi ezifana nemfundo, ezokuhlalisana kwabantu, ezithinta imizwa kanye nomzimba womuntu, zonke zizobhekelwa ngenkathi sekwakhiwa futhi kuthuthukiswa izinhlelo zezifundo ezifanele.
Imfundo eyakhelwe phezu kwemiphumela ithatha ukufunda njengento ebaluleke njengalokhu kubaluleke okufundwayo ezikhungweni zemfundo. Kokubili ukufunda kanye nokufundwayo kugcizelelwa ngokuthi kuvezwe ukuthi yimiphi imiphumela okumele itholakale emuva kokuba sekwenziwe. Esitatimendeni esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke, imiphumela yokufunda kanye nezindlela zokuhlola kususelwa emiphumeleni okufanele itholakale.
Le miphumela ehlaziyayo nethuthukisayo iwuhlu lwemiphumela ethathelwe kumthethosisekelo wezwe futhi iqukethwe nawumthetho weziQiniseko waseNingizimu Afrika ka-1995. Le miphumela iluchaza kabanzi uhlobo lwesakhamuzi okumele uhlelo lwemfundo nokuqeqesha luphokophelele ukusakha.
Abafundi abakwazi ukubona izinkinga futhi bakwazi nokuzixazulula, bathathe izinqumo besebenzisa imiqondo ephusile nekwazi ukuhlaziya izinto ngendlela.
Abakwazi ukusebenzisana kahle nabanye abafundi njengamalungu eqembu, enhlangano nomphakathi owodwa.
Abakwazi ukuzihlela nokuziphatha bona ngokwabo nalokho abakwenzayo bakwenze ngempumelelo.
Abakwazi ukuqoqa, bahlaziye, bahlele, bahlole ngokucophelela ulwazi abalutholile.
Abakwazi ukuxhumana kahle nabanye abantu besebenzisa amakhono abonakalayo, okungaba ukusebenzisa izimpawu zomzimba nokukhuluma ngezindlela ezahlukene.
Abakwazi ukusebenzisa isayensi nobuchwepheshe ngempumelelo nangokucophelela bekhombisa ukunakekela imvelo nezimpilo zabanye abantu.
Abakwazi ukukhombisa ukuqondisisa ukuthi umhlaba uyinto ephelele eyakhiwe ngezingxenye ezihlobene, ngokukwazi ukubona ukuthi ingqikithi yokuxazulula izinkinga ayikwazi ukuzimela ngayodwana ithi qekelele.
Abakwazi ukucabanga bahlole amasu ahlukene angasetshenziswa ekufundeni ngempumelelo.
Abakwazi ukubamba iqhaza njengezakhamuzi ezithembekile empilweni yabantu abahlala nabo, abakhele izwe lakubo nasemhlabeni wonke jikelele.
Abakwazi ukuba nozwela nemizwa yosikompilo nobuhle obukhona empilweni enhle yokuhlalisana kwemiphakathi eyehlukene.
Abakwazi ukuhlolisisa amathuba angahle atholakale emfundo nawemisebenzi.
Abakwazi ukusungula amathuba ezohwebo.
Lesi sitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke siphokophelele ekudidiyeleni nasekugqamiseni umbono womphakathi nezakhamuzi eziqhuba intando yeningi nezizoqhamuka kulolu hlelo olusha lwemfundo.
Lesi sitatimende sisebenzisa imikhakha yokufunda ukufeza lezi zinjongo, lokho okulindelekile kanye nemiphumela okumele itholakale ngokusebenzisa imiphumela yokufunda nezindlela eziyizo zokuhlola. Imiphumela yezifundo kulowo nalowo mkhakha wezifundo ibekiwe kule ncazelo jikelele. Izindlela zokuhlola nazo njengesichibiyelo kulo mqulu.
Imiphumela kanye nezindlela zokuhlola kugcizelela imfundo lapho abafundi bebamba khona iqhaza, ngokuthi isifundo sonke nemisebenzi yonke eyenziwayo iqondane nabo ngqo. Kulindelekile futhi ukuthi abafundi banikezwe ithuba lokuveza ikhono lokuziqambela okanye lokuzisungulela into. Lokhu yiyonanto othisha okufanele bahlale beyiqaphele ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lokho kwenza othisha bahlale beqaphile ukuthi bafundisani nokuthi bayifundisa kanjani.
Uhlobo lwaseNingizimu Afrika lwemfundo eyakhelwe phezu kwemiphumela luhlose ukukhaliphisa imiqondo yabantu abasha, ukuze bakwazi ukubamba iqhaza ngokuphelele kwezomnotho nasempilweni ejwayelekile yokuhlalisana kwabantu. Luhlose ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abafundi bayakwazi ukuthuthuka bafinyelele emakhonweni athile nokuthi bahlomele ukubhekana nezinselelo zonke zempilo nezibandakanya ukufunda izinto ezintsha.
Isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke sihlose ukuthuthukisa ulwazi kanye namakhono asezingeni eliphezulu kubo bonke abantu. Sithi sinjalo sibe sibheke lukhulu okufanele luzuzwe abafundi baseNingizimu Afrika. Mayelana nomphakathi, ukuze ubenenhlalakahle, kulindeleke ukuthi lezo zingxenye zawo ezazingahlonyiswanga ngolwazi lwamakhono phambilini, zihlonyiswe manje. Lesi sitatimende sihlose futhi ukwakha isisekelo esiqinile esiyokwenza ukuthi abantu bonke bathole amakhono nolwazi olusezingeni eliphezulu.
Ikhasi ngalinye, sibe sibeka futhi amazinga aphezulu angazuzwa yibo bonke abafundi kuyo yonke imikhakha yezifundo.
Lesi sitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke kwenziwe ngabomu ukuthi isakhiwo saso kanye nolimi esibhalwe ngalo kube lula, kucace futhi kuzwakale kahle kubo bonke abasifundayo. Uma usibheka kunezinto ezimbili ezibalulekile kuso okuyimiphumela yezifundo kanye nezindlela zokuhlola, okuyizona ezicacisela kahle abafundi bonke izinjongo nemiphumela edingekayo ukuze baqhubekele ezingeni elilandelayo. Okunye-ke futhi okuhle ukuthi, lesi sitatimende sizotholakala sibhalwe ngazo zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni kanye nangendlela yokubhala leyo ebhalelwa labo abangaboni emehlweni.
Umgomo wokugcizelela emfundweni edidiyelwe, uyingxenye esemqoka yemfundo eyakhelwe phezu kwemiphumela. Ukudidiyela ndawonye izifundo ngesikhathi ufundisa uthinte lesiya nalesiya kwenza abafundi babe nolwazi lokuthi imikhakha eyahlukene yezifundo iyaxhumana futhi ihlobene ngandlela thize. Lokhu kwandisa amathuba abo okuthola amakhono, okuzuza ulwazi nokuthuthukisa izimo kanye nalokho okusemqoka okutholakala ohlelweni lwezifundo.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uhlelo lokufunda lubeke lokho okulindeleke kubafundi, kubekwe kuye ngokuya kwenyukela ngokobunzima nokujula futhi kube kusabalala nazo zonke izidingo zempilo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuqhubekela phambili ngolwazi. Ngokwalesi sitatimendeni esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke, kumele izindlela zokuhlola kulowo nalowo mkhakha wesifundo zikukhombise lokhu kuqhubekela phambili kolwazi kulowo nalowo mkhakha wesifundo kusuka ezingeni elithize kuya kwelinye.
Akumele abafundi basebenzise izindlela zokuhlola ezizimele zodwa. Kumele kubekhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwemikhakha yezifundo nemiphumela yezifundo. Ukuthola ubudlelwane obukhona phakathi kokuhlangana kwemikhakha yezifundo nenqubekelaphambili yokuqhubeka komfundi esuka kwelinye ibanga eya kwelinye isemqoka kulolu hlelo lwezifundo.
Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kothisha, amaqembu abaphathi bezikole kanye nosizo oluvela ezisebenzini zomnyango wemfundo kuyingxenye esemqoka yale nhloso.
Isingeniso: Lesi sigaba yisona esethula lesi sitatimende sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke kanye nemikhakha yezifundo ethile. Lapha kuvezwa izinhloso zaso kanye nezimpawu zaso ezehlukile noma ezingajwayelekile.
Lapha kuvezwa lokho okuyizidingo kanye nalokho okulindelwe abafundi ibanga ngebanga ezingeni eliyisisekelo lemfundo (amabanga R-3), eliphakathi (amabanga 4-6) kanye neliphezulu (amabanga 7-9). Izinga eliyisisekelo libhekene ngqo nalawo makhono okuqala, okuwulwazi olusha nalokho okusemqoka okusebenza njengesisekelo esenza abafundi bakwazi ukuqhubekela phambili nemfundo. Imiphumela yezifundo kanye nezindlela zokuhlola, nakuba kufanele kuthathwe njengolwazi olusezingeni elifanele noludingekayo nalokho okusemqoka kanye namakhono abalulekile okufanele afundiswe, kodwa akufanele kube yilokho kuphela okufundiswayo. Lezi zidingo ziveza lokho okudingekile ukuze kuqhutshekelwe phambili emabangeni ohlelo lwemfundo alandelayo futhi zakhiwe zithandaniswe nalokho okudingeka kwaziwe ngabafundi bebanga lesi-9.
Isigaba esiphathelene nokuhlolwa: Lesi sigaba siveza izimiso kanye nomhlahlandlela osetshenziselwa ukuhlola bese siveza iziphakamiso zokuthi ukuqopha phansi kanye nokubika ngaloko obekade kuhlolwa kungenziwa kanjani. Uhla lwezincazelo zalokho okudinga ukuchazwa okusetshenzisiwe: Lesi siga-ba sivame ukufaka izifinyezo zamagama, ama-akhronimi (amagama akhiwe zinhlamvu zokuqala zamagama) kanye nohlu lwezincazelo zamagama alukhuni namasha asetshenzisiwe.
Yini umphumela wokufunda?
Yini umphumela wokufunda?
Umphumela wokufunda ususelwa emiphumeleni eminingi yokuhlola okuqhubekayo ehlaziya ulwazi umfundi aselutholile nentuthuko aseyizuzile. Ngamanye amazwi uyincazelo yolwazi, amakhono nalokho okubalulekile okufanele abafundi bakwazi, futhi bakhombise ukuthi sebeyakwazi ukukwenza ekupheleni kwebanga labo lokufunda. Iqoqo lemiphumela yezifundo kufanele liqinisekise ukuthi ukuhlangana kanye nenqubekelaphambili ekuthuthukiseni imiqondo, amakhono kanye nalokho okubalulekile ukuthi umfundi akwazi kuyenzeka ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuhlola eziyizo. Imiphumela yezifundo ayikhetheli othisha lokho okumele bakufundise nendlela okumele bakufundise ngayo kepha yona incike ngankomo ekutheni lokho okuhlosiwe kuhlolwa ngendlela eyiyo na.
Yini indlela yokuhlola?
Yini indlela yokuhlola?
Indlela yokuhlola ichaza izinga abafundi okufanele bakhombise ngalo ulwazi asebeluzuzile ekufundeni. Lezi zindlela zokuhlola zihamba ngokwamabanga, zihambe zikhombisa inqubekelaphambili ngasolwazini oseluzuziwe kulowo nalowo mkhakha wesifundo ngasinye. Lapha siqondise elwazini olujwayelekile, amakhono amasha kanye nalokho okubalulekile nokudingekayo ukuthola ukuthi imiphumela yokufunda iyafezeka na. Nakho lokhu kodwa akubakhetheli othisha indlela yokufundisa okufanele bayilandele.
Yehluke ngani indlela yokuhlola emiphumumeleni yokufunda?
Yehluke ngani indlela yokuhlola emiphumumeleni yokufunda?
Imiphumela yokufunda ichaza lokho abafundi okufanele bakwazi nokumele bakwazi ukukwenza uma sebefundile. Izindlela zokuhlola zona zichaza ukujula kanye nobubanzi balokho okufanele kufundwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imiphumela yokufunda ingahlala futhi iyohlale injalo ezikhathini eziningi kuwo wonke amabanga kanti izindlela zokuhlola zona ziyaguquguquka ibanga nebanga lemfundo.
Izindlela zokuhlola zinomthelela ekutheni ofundayo agcine esezuze ulwazi lomsebenzi othile. Kule mfundo edidiyelwe neqeqesha amakhono athize, lokhu kusho ukuthi loyo osuke esehloliwe kwatholakala ukuthi, usezuze ulwazi oluthile mayelana nomsebenzi othile, ube esenikezwa isitifiketi esiyisiqinisekiso saloko.
Izinsizakufunda nokufundisa kanye nezinhlelo zokuthuthukisa othisha zineqhaza elinqala ekuphumeleliseni imiphumela yokufunda kanye nezindlela zokuhlola ezisetshenziswayo.
Isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke samabanga R-9 (ezikoleni) siyoqala ukusebenza ezikoleni ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokufunda. Lezi zinhlelo zokufunda zakhiwe kwase kwenziwa namalungiselelo ahlelwe kahle ukuze zikwazi ukuzuza imiphumela yokufunda nokusebenzisa izindlela eziyizo zokuhlola kuleso naleso sigaba.
Njengoba lesi sitatimende siphoqa ukuzuzwa kolwazi, amakhono amasha naloko okubalulekile okudinga ukwaziwa ngabafundi ibanga nebanga, izinhlelo zokufunda zona zigqamisa ubungako bomsebenzi okumele ufundwe kanye nalokho okumele kwenziwe uma kuhlolwa kulelo nalelo zinga. Izinhlelo zokufunda zinohlelo lwemisebenzi ekhombisa isivinini okumele ifundiswe ngaso nendlela okumele ilandelane ngayo le misebenzi, unyaka ngonyaka.
Ikhasi noma ngasiphi isikhathi esinikeziwe. Izimiso eziwumgogodla nalokho okubalulekile ukuthi kwaziwe kulesi sitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke yizona ezisekela lezi zinhlelo zokufunda.
Izinhlelo zokufunda kumele ziqiniseke ukuthi yonke imiphumela yokufunda kanye nezindlela zokuhlola kuqhutshwa ngemfanelo nanokuthi yilowo nalowo mkhakha wezifundo unikezwa isikhathi kanye nalokho okufanele kugcizelelwe kuwo. Izinhlelo zokufunda ziyosekelwa ebudlelwaneni obukhona phakathi kwemiphumela yokufunda kanye nezindlela zokuhlola, ngaphandle kokuthi kuphazamiseke imikhakha yezifundo.
Ezingeni eliyisisekelo: Zintathu izinhlelo zokufunda okufanele umfundi azazi, okuyilezi: Ukukwazi ukufunda nokubhala, ukukwazi ukubala kanye nokwazi izidingo zempilo.
Ezingeni eliphakathi: Ukwazi izilimi nokukwazi ukubala okuyizinhlelo zokufunda ezizimele zodwa. Izinhlelo zokufunda kumele ziqikelele ukuthi imiphumela yokufunda emiselwe yomkhakha ngamunye waleso naleso sifundo kuyafinyeleleka kuwo ngokugcwele nangemfanelo. Izikole zingazikhethela inani nohlobo lwezinye izinhlelo zokufunda ezizidingayo kuye ngendlela isikole esihlelwe ngayo nokuthi izidingo ngqangi ezisemqoka kanye nezidingo zokuthuthukiswa kwabafundi zibhekelwe yini ezingeni lelo.
Ezingeni eliphakeme: Kunezinhlelo zokufunda eziyisishiyagalombili ezakhelwe phezu kwemibandela yemikhakha yezifundo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokufunda kuyoba semahlombe othisha. Umnyango wemfundo wona uyolekelela ngokwakha imihlahlandlela ezolawula ukwakhiwa kwalezi zinhlelo zokufunda. Izifundazwe zona ziyokwakha eyazo imihlahlandlela, ezokwazi ukubhekana nezidingo zesifundazwe ngasinye ngoba phela izifundazwe lezi azifani, ngakho-ke nendlela ezizosebenza ngayo ngeke ize ifane. Lo mehluko okhona wezifundazwe kumele ubhekelwe.
Izinhlelo zemfundo yothisha zona ziyobhekana nokukhiqiza othisha abenele nabaqeqesheke ngokwenele, okuyophuma kubo amathimba ayophatha izikole nalabo abayosiza umnyango ekuthuthukiseni, ekusebenziseni, ekuphatheni kanye nasekwesekeni ukukhuliswa kwezinhlelo zemfundo.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izimiso zikazwelonke njengoba zibekwe esitatimendeni esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke ziyazuzwa, kuyomele umnyango omkhulu wemfundo, ubambisene nezifundazwe, usungule imigomo eyimihlahlandlela yezinhlelo zokufunda eziyizo nezifanele. Le mihlahlandlela izogcizelela izimiso zokufunda okudidiyelayo nokuzuza ubudlelwane obukhona phakathi kwemikhakha yezifundo uma ihlangene. Lobu budlelwane bungabukwa kuleso naleso sigaba ngasinye. Umthethomgomo wemfundo kazwelonke wonyaka ka (1996, isigaba 3 ibinzana 4) uyamnika ungqongqoshe wemfundo amandla negunya lokwenza umhlahlandlela womgomo kazwelonke wokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokufunda.
Ukudidiyelwa ndawonye kolwazi emikhakheni eyahlukene yezifundo.
Ukuqoqela ndawonye izindlela zokuhlola.
Ukwabiwa kwesikhathi ngononina.
Izingqinamba eziphazamisa ukufunda.
Ukwakha uhlelo lokufunda.
Ukuqeqesha, ukuthuthukisa nokwethula.
Ukuthola ulwazi nokwesekwa.
Ukuhlela nokwenza amalungiselelo.
Ikhasi iyonikeza uhlaka oluyobhekana ngqo nezidingo ezibhekene nabafundi nengqikithi yokufunda yonkana.
Ngokwesahluko sesine soMthetho wokuQashwa kwaBafundisi, wonyaka ka-1998, uthisha kumele ahlale esikoleni amahora ayisi-7. NgoMthethomgomo weMfundo kaZwelonke wonyaka ka-1996, isikhathi sokufundisa ngeviki ngamahora angama-35.
Imihlahlandlela yokuhlela inikeziwe kumihlahlandlela yezinhlelo zokufunda.
Yilowo nalowo mbandela womkhakha wesifundo ngamunye ufaka isigaba esiqukethe okuningi mayelana nokuhlola. Kulolo nalolo hlaka olwakhelwe phezu kwemiphumela, kusetshenziswa izindlela eziyizona zona zokuhlola, ezikwazi ukubhekana nezingqikithi ezahlukene. Ukuhlola kumele kubonise ukuthi umfundi ufunde ngokugcwele nangendlela ebonakalayo ngokuthi akwazi ukuhlanganisa abuye asebenzise ulwazi namakhono awazuzile ngempumelelo. Ukuhlola kumele kusize abafundi ukuthi bakwazi ukuthatha izinqumo ngabakwazi ukukwenza, ukuhlela izinhloso zabo zenqubekelaphambili nothando lokuqhubeka bafunde baye phambili.
Isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke sihlanganisa uhlelo lwezifundo nenqubomgomo yokuhlola etholakala kwinqubomgomo yokuhlola (UsoMqulu kaHulumeni ongunombolo-19640 wonyaka ka-1998). Umhlahlandlela ofanayo wothisha utholakala ekugcineni kwesitatimende ngasinye somkhakha wezifundo.
Konke ukufunda nokufundisa okusuka ebangeni R kuya kwelesi-9 kunomthelela ekukhipheni uhlobo lomfundi olulindelwe isitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke. Ukuhlola ukufunda lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngendlela eqhubekayo kuyo yonke le minyaka eyishumi umfundi esesikoleni. Ukuhlola nokunikezwa kwesitifiketi njengenkomba yempumelelo kuyokwenziwa ekupheleni kwebanga lesi-9 lapho abafundi abazifezile izidingo ebezibekiwe beyoklonyeliswa khona ngesitifiketi semfundo, esishoyo ukuthi loyo mfundi usethole uqeqesho oluthile.
Isitifiketi semfundo lesi siyisiqinisekiso esipheleleyo nesisemthethweni sokuthi loyo osinikiweyo ukuphumelele ukuhlolwa kwebanga lesishiyagalolunye.
Kusukela manje kuze kufike unyaka ka 2008 kusazoqhubeka lolu hlelo olujwayelekile. Kuyothi-ke emuva konyaka ka 2008 besekuqala lolu hlelo lwezitifiketi njengoba lubekiwe lapha ngenhla, ngokwalesi sitatimende esibukeziwe sohlelo lwezifundo sikazwelonke.
Ezweni elizilimiziningi njengeNingizimu Afrika, kusemqoka ukuthi abafundi babe nolwazi okungenani lwezilimi ezimbili nokuthi bakwazi ukuxhumana ngalezi ezinye izilimi.
Umbandela womkhakha wezilimi ukuthi kuthuthuke ulwazi lwezilimi eziningi kulowo nalowo muntu wakuleli zwe.
Bonke abafundi kufanele bafunde ulimi lwabo lwebele kuqala kanye nolunye ulimi olulodwa olusemthethweni.
Abafundi bathi bethuthuka kulolu limi lokwethekelwa, lube luqina futhi luzika lolu abaluncele ebeleni konina.
Uma kunokwenzeka ulimi lwebele yilona okumele lusetshenziselwe ukufunda nokufundisa abafundi. Loku kusemqoka ikakhulukazi ezingeni eliyisisekelo lapho abantwana befunda khona ukufunda nokubhala. Kuyaye kufanele kube nokuhlela okunzulu uma kwenzekile kwaba nesimo lapho abafundi kumele baguquke bayeke ulimi lwabo lwebele, bathathe olokwethekelwa ukuze bafundiswe babuye bafunde ngalo.
Ukulalela: Umfundi uyakwazi ukulalela lokho okungahle kumnike ulwazi aludingayo noma kumthokozise nokuthi akwazi ukubhekana nezimo ezithile zempilo.
Ukukhuluma: Umfundi uyakwazi ukuxoxisana nabanye kahle nangokuzethemba uma kusuke kuxoxwa ezimeni ezahlukene.
Ukufunda nokubheka: Umfundi uyakwazi ukufunda nokubheka lokho okungahle kumnike ulwazi oluthile noma lokho okuzomjabulisa. Lokhu kukwazi ukufunda kumenza akwazi ukubona ubuhle nalokho okungamasiko ayigugu okutholakala emibhalweni.
Ukubhala: Umfundi uyakwazi ukubhala imibhalo enhlobonhlobo engamaqiniso naleyo azisusela yona ekhanda ngokwezinhloso ezahlukene.
Ukuninga nokucabangisisa: Umfundi uyakwazi ukuthi asebenzise ulimi acabange ajule, eninga ngokuthi angafinyelela kanjani elwazini angalusebenzisa ekufundeni.
Isakhiwo solimi nokusetshenziswa kwalo: Umfundi uyazi futhi uyakwazi ukusebenzisa imisindo, amagama nesakhiwo sohlelo lolimi ekubhaleni nasekuhumusheni imibhalo.
Nakuba ukulalela nokukhuluma, ukufunda nokubuka, ukubhala, ukuninga nokucabangisisa kanye nolwazi lwemisindo, amagama nesakhiwo sohlelo, kwethulwe njengemiphumela eyehlukile yokufunda kodwa kufanele kudidiyelwe ekufundiseni nasekuhlolweni.
Izibalo zingumsebenzi owenziwa abantu lapho besuke bebhekisisa, becwaninga izindlela nobudlelwane obukhona phakathi kwezimo ezikhona zokuphila kwabantu nezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukubala uqobo lwazo. Ngale ndlela-ke kuyaye kutholakale ulwazi olusha lwezibalo.
Izibalo-ke zisebenzisa ulimi lwazo olwehlukile kulolu olujwayelekile, olusebenzisa izimpawu nemicabango echaza ingxenye yezibalo ephathelene nezinombolo, yileyo ephathelene nokuhlelwa kwezinto ngamaqoqwana (ijiyomethri) kanye naleyo echaza ngobudlelwane bamagrafu. Imiqondo eyahlukene yezibalo yakhela phezu komunye ize igcine isiyakhe isakhiwo esisodwa esihleleke kahle nesilandelekayo.
Izibalo ziwumphumela wocwaningo olunzulu olwenziwa abantu bamasiko ehlukahlukene, ziwumsebenzi owenziwa ngenhloso yokubhekana nengqikithi yokuhlalisana kwabantu, ezombusazwe kanye nezomnotho kanye nalokho okuyizingqinamba abantu abahlangabezana nazo empilweni. Izibalo lezi zibalulekile zisemqoka futhi ziyinto esekelwe phezu kwamasiko.
Izinombolo, ukuzisebenzisa kanye nobudlelwano: Umfundi uyakwazi ukubona izinombolo nokuthi akwazi ukuzichaza ngesikhathi ebala ezama ukuxazulula leyo nkinga yezibalo esuke ibekiwe. Lokhu ukwenza ngokuzethemba okukhulu.
Ikhasi ukuchaza, nokufanekisa amaphethini kanye nobudlelwano, nokukwazi ukuxazulula izinkinga esebenzisa ulimi kanye namakhono ealjebra.
Indawo kanye nesimo: Umfundi uyakwazi ukuchaza nokufanekisa izimpawu nobudlelwano obukhona phakathi kwezimo zika-2-D kanye nezinto ze-3-D ezimweni ezimaqondana nokuthile ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene.
Ukukala: Umfundi uyakwazi ukusebenzisa ngokuyimpumelelo izinto zokukala namafomula ezimeni ezahlukahlukene.
Ukuphathwa kwemininingwane: Umfundi uyakwazi ukuqoqa, afingqe, abuye ahlaziye imininingwane yikhona ezokwazi ukuthatha izinqumo.
Uma kufundwa noma kufundiswa umkhakha wesifundo senjula yolwazi lwezemvelo okanye isayensi kumele kwazeke ukuthi abantu baseNingizimu Afrika banezinye izindlela eziningi abangathola ngazo lolu lwazi ngoba olunye lwalo yilona lolu olubumbe amasiko abo abaphila ngawo imihla ngemihla. Lo mkhakha wesifundo uthi uqala ube ukubeka kucaca ukuthi bonke abafundi kufanele bafundiswe isifundo sezemvelo. Lolu lwazi kufanele lugxile okanye lwakhelwe kuye umfundi uqobo.
Ikhasi lubasize ekuthini baqonde lokho okubazungezile nomhlaba wonke jikelele. Lo mkhakha wakha kuphela isisekelo umfundi asengakhela kusona impilo yakhe yonke.
Lo mkhakha wesifundo ukhuthaza abafundi ukuthi babe nolwazi noma bafunde ngesayensi.
Ukuthuthukisa nokusebenzisa amakhono esayensi ezimweni ezahlukehlukene.
Ukuthuthukisa nokusebenzisa ulwazi lwesayensi.
Ukwazi kahle ubudlelwane nezidingo ezikhona phakathi kwesayensi, umphakathi kanye nalokho okuwuzungezile umphakathi lowo.
Ucwaningo lwesayensi: Abafundi kufanele babonise ukuzethemba ekufiseni kwabo ukwazi ngezehlakalo zemvelo, bafunisise ukuhlobana okungabakhona phakathi kwesayensi, ubuchwepheshe nemvelo ebazungezile baphinde futhi baxazulule izinkinga ezingabakhona kulokhu kokuthathu.
Ukwakha ulwazi lwesayensi: Abafundi lapha basuke sebenolwazi lokuhumusha babuye basebenzise ulwazi asebeluzuzile lwesayensi, ezobuchwepheshe kanye nemvelo ebazungezile.
Isayensi, umphakathi kanye nemvelo ebazungezile: Abafundi bayakwazi ukukhombisa ulwazi abanalo ngokuxhumana phakathi kwesayensi, ubuchwepheshe, umphakathi kanye nemvelo ewuzungezile.
Injula yolwazi ngenhlaliswano yabantu igxile ebudlelwaneni obukhona phakathi kwabantu bebodwa kanye naphakathi kwabantu nemvelo ebazungezile. Lobu budlelwano buyashiyashiyana ngokwesikhathi labo bantu abaphila ngaso nendawo abaphila kuyo.
Ikhasi lapha yiso kanye isimo senhlaliswano, ezombusazwe, ezomnotho, ezemvelo kanye nalokho okuyizinkolelo, indlela yokuziphatha kanye nalokho abantu abakuthatha njengokusemqoka nokubalulekile kubona.
Okuyikhona okuyingqikithi yomkhakha wesifundo senhlaliswano yabantu amakhono awulwazi lomlando walabo bantu kanye nesimo sezwe abakhe kulo. Isifundo sezemvelo namalungelo esintu yikhona okuwumgogodla wesifundo somlando nesezezwe.
Umkhakha wesifundo ngenhlaliswano yabantu ubhekene ngqo nokuthi abafundi bafundani, bayifunda kanjani nokuthi ulwazi lwabo lwalokhu abakufundayo lwakheka kanjani. Umbandela walo mkhakha wesifundo usekutheni, kufanele ukhuthaze abafundi ukuthi bazibuze imibuzo ethize ngomphakathi abaphila kuwo nendawo abaphila kuyo nokuthi babuye bazit-holele bona futhi izimpendulo zalokho.
Lo mkhakha wesifundo uhlose futhi ukuba nesandla ekuthuthukiseni izakhamuzi ezinolwazi, ezibheka izinto ngeso elihlaziyayo nezizokwenza kube semahlombe azo ukuthi zizimbandakanye ngendlela eyakhayo ekubambeni iqhaza kulo mphakathi oguquguqukayo nonamasiko amaningi. Uhlose futhi ukuhlomisa abafundi ukuthi bakwazi ukubamba iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni umphakathi olungile nobuswa ngentando yeningi.
Ukufunisisa ngomlando: Umfundi useyakwazi ukusebenzisa amakhono okufunisisa nokuphenya ngosekwedlule nokwamanje.
Ulwazi nokuqondisisa ezomlando: Umfundi lapha usuke esekwazi ukukhombisa ulwazi nokuqondisisa kwakhe ezomlando.
Ukuhumusha ezomlando: Umfundi lapha usuke esekwazi ukuhumusha izingxenye ezithize zomlando.
Ukufunisisa ngezezwe: Umfundi useyakwazi ukusebenzisa amakhono okufunisisa nokuphenya ngezezezwe kanye nemvelo esizungezile.
Ulwazi nokuqondisisa ezezwe: Umfundi lapha useyakwazi ukukhombisa ulwazi nokuqondisisa kwakhe ezezwe.
Ukuhlola izindaba: Umfundi lapha useyakwazi ukuthatha izinqumo ezihlolisisiwe, mayelana nezindaba nezinkinga zokuhlalisana kwabantu kanye nemvelo ebazungezile.
Umkhakha wesifundo esiphathelene nobuciko kanye namasiko uhlanganisa indima ebanzi yobuciko namasiko etholakala lapha ezweni lakithi laseNingizimu Afrika. Ubuciko namasiko yikona okuwumgogodla wempilo yonke yomuntu ngoba kubandakanya lezo zinto ezihambisana nenkolo yakhe, ubuciko obubonakalayo ababenzayo futhi yilapho beveza khona ubuhlakani babo nemizwa yabo esekujuleni kwezinhliziyo. Isiko lona livezwa ubuciko abantu ababenzayo, indlela abaphila ngayo, abaziphethe ngayo okubandakanya ukuhloniphana nokwazisana, ukuveza lokho okungamagugu ethu nokwethula ulwazi kanye nezinkolelo. Amasiko awemi ndawonye, anomlando nengqikithi eya ngokuya iguquguquka, ikakhulukazi uma edibana namanye amasiko.
Ukuba bayeke ukuba abantu abahlalela ukufunzwa ngala masiko kodwa babe abantu ababambe iqhaza ngomdlandla omkhulu kuwo.
Bakhombise ikhono lokuziqambela lezi zinto eziwubuciko namagugu nokuthi bakhuthalele ukubamba iqhaza uma kunemigidi ethile yamasiko.
Ukuthi bakwazi ukubona ukuxhumana phakathi komsebenzi wobuciko kanye namasiko.
Ukuthi bazi izindawo ezahlukene lapho lobu buciko namasiko kusakhuthalelwe khona nokuthi bazi futhi baqonde isimo somnotho saleyo ndawo kanye nendlela abantu bakhona abaphila ngayo.
Ukuthi bakwazi ukubona ukuxhumana okukhona phakathi kwezindlela zamasiko kanye namandla esiko lapho lisuke likhonya khona.
Ukukwazi ukuhlaziya umphumela wesikhathi phezu kwamasiko nezobuciko, ukuthi uma izikhathi ziguquka kwenzekani kulokhu kokubili.
Ukukwazi ukuqonda amandla ubuciko obunawo nendlela obugcina buphonsele ngayo amasiko inselelo.
Indlela esetshenzisiwe ukubheka ubuciko kulo mkhakha wesifundo, isukela elwazini olubanzi lapho umfundi kusuke kwaziwa ukuthi usuke enalo ulwazi lobuciko obuningi obehlukene ngokwamasiko. Lolu lwazi lugqama kakhulu uma abafundi sebesebangeni lesishiyagalombili nelesishiyagalolunye. Lezi zinhlobo ezahlukene zobuciko kanye nobumqoka benhlanganisela yolwazi olusuke seluzuziwe ngumfundi kugqama kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi. Ngalesi sikhathi imfundo isuke isizama ukukhulisa ulwazi lolo umfundi asuke esenalo ngobuciko namasiko, ngokuthi abheke ulwazi ngqo namakhono asebenza kuleyo naleyo nhlobo yobuciko, ngokuthi azi ukuthi into enhle yenziwa ngani nokuthi yenziwa kanjani.
Ukwakha, ukuhumusha nokwethula: Umfundi lapha useyakwazi ukwakha, ukuhumusha kanye nokwethula umsebenzi ngamunye kulolo nalolo hlobo lobuciko.
Ukucabanga: Umfundi useyakwazi ukucabanga ngokugcwele ehlaziya indlela yokwenza ubuciko namasiko athile enkathini yamanje kanye neyedlule.
Ukubamba iqhaza nokusebenzisana: Umfundi lapha useyakwazi ukukhombisa amakhono okukwazi ukuxhumana nabantu besebenza ngabodwana noma uma basebenze ngamaqembu emisebenzini yobuciko namasiko.
Ukukhuluma nokuxhumana: Umfundi lapha useyakwazi ukuhlaziya nokusebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokusho okuthile nokuxhumana ngandlela thize esebenzisa ubuciko namasiko.
Lo mkhakha wesifundo ingqikithi yawo ohlose ukuyizuza, ulwazi lwezempilo. Lolu lwazi luhlomisa abafundi ukuthi bakwazi ukubhekana nazo zonke izimo zempilo abangahle bahlangabezane nazo. Lokhu kuyisidingo esinqala kulolu hlelo lwempilo yomphakathi oluguquka ngesivinini esikhulu.
Ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokuhlalisana kwabantu.
Ukuthuthukisa ubuntu kubantu.
Ukuthuthukisa isiqu somuntu kanye nokunyakaza komzimba.
Ukuzijwayeza impilo yokusebenza.
Uma idibene yomihlanu le minxa yalo mkhakha wesifundo solwazi lwezempilo, iyakwazi ukubhekela amalungelo esintu nawalokho okusizungezile njengoba kubekiwe kumthethosisekelo.
Ukukhuthaza ezempilo: Umfundi lapha useyakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezifanele ngobuyena, ngomphakathi nangendawo enempilo ahlala kuyo.
Ukuthuthukisa ezokuhlalisana kwabantu: Umfundi useyakwazi ukukhombisa ukuzibophezela kwakhe kulokho okushiwo umthethosisekelo nalokho okuyisibopho sakhe okufanele akwenze ukukhombisa ukuthi uyayiqonda indaba yokwehlukana kwamasiko nenkolo.
Ukuthuthukisa inhlaliswano yomphakathi: Umfundi useyakwazi ukusebenzisa amakhono empilo awatholile ukuze akwazi ukubhekana ngempumelelo nezinselelo ahlangebezana nazo emhlabeni.
Ukukwazi ukugcina umzimba uphilile: Umfundi useyakwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi uyakuqonda lokhu ngokuthi azibandakanye ezenzweni ezikhuthaza ukuvocwavocwa komzimba nokukhula kwesiqu sawo.
Ukuzijwayeza indawo yomsebenzi: Umfundi uzokwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezifanele eziphathelene nokuqhubeka nokufunda kanye nokukhetha umsebenzi awufunayo.
Incazelo kulo mkhakha wesifundo senjula yolwazi lwezomnotho nokuphatha, kuthintwa izifundo eziphathelene nendlela abantu nomphakathi abasebenzisa ngayo imithombo eyehlukene yolwazi ekufezeni izidingo kanye nalokho okufunwa abantu. Kuthi kusenzeka kanjalo kube futhi kudwebeka isithombe esingesihle ngokusetshenziswa ngokungeyikho kwezinto ezingaba lusizo kubantu nasemvelweni esizungezile.
Indlela okukhiqizwa ngayo izimpahla nokwethulwa kwemisebenzi ethile.
Ukubheka umnotho wezwe laseNingizimu Afrika kanye nezinhlelo zobudlelwane ezingadalwa ngezomnotho namazwe ahlukahlukene.
Ukubheka izindlela ezingalandelwa zokonga kanye namakhono amahle okuhlela indlela yokuphathwa kwemali kahulumeni neyamabhizinisi nezimboni ezizimelei.
Ukubhekela amakhono nolwazi lokuhweba oludingekayo ekuphatheni izimpilo zabantu nezimo zempilo yabo abaphila ngaphansi kwayo.
Ukwazi kanye nokuqonda lo mkhakha wezomnotho: Umfundi lapha useyakwazi ukukhombisa ulwazi aselutholile nendlela aqonda ngayo lo mkhakha wezomnotho neqhaza lawo ekuxazululeni izinkinga zomnotho wezwe nezakhe uqobo.
Ikhasi ukwakha kabusha, ukuthuthuka kanye nokubhekisisa izinhlelo zokwakha kabusha umnotho wezwe osimeme abe futhi neso elikhaliphile ekubhekisiseni izinhlelo ezahlukene.
Amakhono okuphatha nokubheka izidingo zabathengi kanye nawokukwazi ukuphatha izimali: Umfundi kuleli zinga useyakwazi ukukhombisa uchungechunge lolwazi kanye nekhono lezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuphatha, kanye nalelo lokukwazi ukuphatha abathengi kanye nezimali.
Amakhono kanye nolwazi lwezohwebo: Umfundi kuleli zinga useyakwazi ukubonisa ulwazi aseluzuzile, amakhono asenawo kanye nendlela eyamukelekile yokuziphatha kwezohwebo.
Ubuchwepheshe lobu abubusha babuvele bukhona kwasemandulo lapho abantu babesebenzisa inhlanganisela yolwazi ababenalo namakhono ehlukene okwenza izinto ezithile zobuchwepheshe. Ebuchwephesheni lapha yilapho abantu beyaye basebenzise ulwazi olwahlukene ekuzameni ukuxazulula izinkinga ezithize zempilo. Lezi zixazululo kuyenzeka zibe ngesimo semikhiqizo ethile noma inhlanganisela yemikhiqizo leyo.
Nanamhla lokhu abantu basenazo izidingo ababhekana nazo, ezidinga ukuba kutholakale le nhlanganisela yolwazi kanye namakhono athize angaba usizo. Umehluko okhona usekuthini ulwazi, amakhono kanye nemithombo yolwazi esetshenziswa manje ayisefani nalena eyayisetshenziswa kudala ngenxa yokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe. Ukushintsha kwezikhathi sekwenze nabantu abaphila ngalesi sikhathi babe abehlukile kulabo ababephila ngesikhathi esedlule.
Uma kuthuthukiswa ezobuchwepheshe kubalulekile ukuthi kubhekelwe ezomnotho kanye nezinye izimo eziningi ezisizungezile nesiphila ngaphansi kwazo.
Ubuchwepheshe, ukusebenzisa ulwazi onalo, amakhono onawo kanye nemithombo yolwazi ukuze ukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabantu kodwa futhi ube ubhekele inhlalakahle yomphakathi kanye nalokho okuyimvelo okusizungezile.
Izinhlelo namakhono ezobuchwepheshe: Umfundi okuleli zinga useyakwazi ukusebenzisa amakhono ezobuchwepheshe ngendlela efanele ngoba esebenzisa ulwazi lwezobuchwepheshe kanye nobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana.
Ukwazi nokuqonda ezobuchwepheshe: Umfundi lapha useyakwazi ukuqonda nokusebenzisa ulwazi oluyilo lwezobuchwepheshe ngendlela eyiyo nefanele.
Ubuchwepheshe, umphakathi nemvelo: Umfundi okuleli zinga useyakwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi uyabuqonda ubudlelwano obukhona phakathi kwesayensi, ubuchwepheshe, umphakathi kanye nemvelo phezu kokuba izikhathi ziguquguquka.
