Eminyakeni yethu eyishumi yokuqala njengohulumeni wentando yeningi, sabhekisa amandla ethu kanye nemizamo yethu yokuhamba uhambo ukusuka kwezenhlalakahle ukuya ekuthuthukisweni kwezenhlalonhle njengokugudluza ukusetshenziswa kanye nezinkombandlela zenqubomgomo. Njengelizwe elisha siye sathuthukisa izinqubomgomo kanye nezihlaka zomthetho eziye zavula indlela yokwenza izinto yase isinikeza inkombandlela yokuthi singazethula kanjani izinsiza ebantwini abaphofu nabanokulimazeka njengoba bangebethu ngokusigunyaza kwabo.
Umnyango eminyakeni eyishumi edlule ubhekene ngqo ikakhulukazi nokuphepha kwezenhlalonhle, ekulimaleni kwezinye izinsiza zenhlalonhle. Ukugcwala kwebhajethi yokuphepha kwezenhlalonhle kube nomphumela wokuncishiswa nokunganakwa kwezinye izinsiza. Loku kube ngaphakathi kokunye nomphumela wesinsiza zokuvikela ezithuthukiswe ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu, imithombo engenele ukuninkeza ezinye izinsiza zenhlalonhle kwabahluphekayo, ukuphakanyiswa kwamaklhono kuzingcweti ezisemqoka, kanye nokuba necala kwezinhlangano zomphakathi wezwe ukunikeza izinsiza ngenxa yokunghabikhona kwemithombo. Loku kuye futhi kwaholela kukuvalwa kwezinhlangano ezinje kanye nokulahlekelwa ngabasebenzi bakwahulumeni, okwaba nomthelela omubi phezu kokunikezwa kwezinsiza.
Ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga Umnyango Wokuthuthukisa Ezenhlalondle kazwelonke waqalisa inqubo yokuthuthukisa InqubomgomoYemiklomelo Yezezimali kubanikezeli bezinsiza. Izehlakalo zempela zezwe zidinga ukuthi uhulumeni abuyekeze indlela enikezela ngayo imithombo yayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona ukuhlukaniselana ngokulingana kwababebandlululwa esikhathini esedlule. Ukunikeza uikusebenza kwenqubomgomo, izifanekiso zokubheka izindleko zathuythukiswa nazo ngenhloso yoikubhekana nezindaba zamasu abanzi ezizosetshenziswa.
I-PFA ingeyodwa yezikhali ezingasetshenziswa ukuhambisa inguquko yako kokubili ukwethulwa kwezinsiza kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwabanikezeli bezinsiza. Uhulumeni ngokusebenzisa uMnyango Wokuthuthukisa Ezenhlalonhle kumele ethule ngaloku kugunyazwa futhi siyazi ukuthi asikwazanga ukufinyelela lezi zinhloso kanye nezinjongo ngokwethu. Ngakho-ke sivule izimpiko zethu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kunokusebenzisana, nokubambisana okukhulu kanye nokuhlanganyela Nezinhlangano Okungezona Ezikahulumeni (ama-NGO), Izinhlangano Ezesekwe Kwezenkolo (ama-FBO), Izinhlangano Ezesekwe Emphakathini (ama-CBO), izinhlangano eziyingxenye kahulumeni ikanye nezigaba samabhizinisi.
Kumele bnaxhaswe ngezimali ngokwanele bese kuba khona amazinga abekiwe okuthi baxhaswa kanjani ngezimali ukuhlanganisa izifundazwe. Izifanekiso Zokwenza Izindleko Zezinhlelo Zezinsiza Zenhlalonhle ziqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona ukubekwa kwamazinga kanye nokulingana ekunikezweni kwemithombo. Iziphakamiso ngokuphathelene nezinhlelo zokuxhasa ngezimali, ezichazwe ku-PFA zizawuqinisekisa ukuthi imithombo iqondiswa emiphakathini nasezinhlanganweni ezinezidingo kakhulu kanye nokuthi uhulumeni unikeza izinsiza ezithengekayo.
Ukulandela loku, uhulumeni wathuthukisa waphinde wavumela amathuluizi okuphatha kanye nemihlahlandlela yenqubo, ezakkha ingxenye yokwethulwa kwezinsiza ebanzi okumele ifundwe ngokuyihlanganisa Nenqubomgomo Yemiklomelo Yezezimali Nesifanekiso Sokwethula Izinsiza.
Njengohulumeni, asisoze sakhohlwa ukusebenza ngamandla ngokungakhathali kwemiphakathi yokwethula izinsiza. Sibone amaphrojekthi afana Nezinhlelo Ezandisiwe Zemisebenzi Yomphakathi (ama-EPWP), Izinhlelo Zokwehlisa Ubuphofu (ukubala nje ezimbalwa), eziletha umphakathi kanye nohulumeni endaweni eyodwa ekunikezweni kwezinsiza. Yilowo moya wokusebenzisana ozosisiza ukuthi sibone impulo engcono kanye nokubamba iqhaza kwabantu bethu kuyo yonke imikhakha yempilo. Izinsiza kanye neminikelo eyenziwa ngamavolontiya, abanikezeli bezinsiza bangasese kanye nezitho zomphakathi wezwe zidunyiswa kakhulu.
Kungenxa yemizamo yeqembu ukuthi singasho ngokuziqhenya ukuthi isisekelo sibekiwe, noma kukhona izinselele eziningi esibhekene nazo ukwenza ukunikezela okunomqondo kuzigidi zabaseNingizimu Afrika abanezidingo abalindele izinsiza zethu ngokuphelelwa ngamathemba.
Umnyango ufisa futhi ukukhumbulaabantu ngabanye kanye nezikhungo eziye zasiza ekuthuthukiseni lenqubomgomo, iminyango kumazinga esifundazwe, izitho zemiphakathi zezwe kanye nomphakathi ngeziphakamiso nemibono yawo. Ukuhlanganyela komnyango nezitho zomphakathi zezwe kiuhlala kuwuphawu olusemqoka kumizamo yokweseka ukusebenza ngokuphelele kanye nokufeza ukugunyazwa kwethu.
Uhulumeni namhlanje ubhekene nezinselele zokunikeza izinsiza eizngcono kakhulu ezingabakhona kwabahlupheka kakhulu kanye nabalimalayo ikuzigaba zomphakathi. Ngokomlando, izinsiza zezindaba zenhlalonhle zaziwumsebenzi ohlanganyelwe kahulumeni kanye nomphakathi wezwe, lapho uhulumeni kwakunguyena onikeza ukweseka ngezimali kuzinhlangano ngokuzixhasa. Izehlakalo zamanje zangempela zezwe zidinga ukuthi uhulumeni abuyekeze indlela anikezela ngayo imithombo yakhe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kunikezelwa ngokulinganayo kulabo abababandlululwa esikhathi esedlule.
Imizamo yenziwe esikhathini esedlule ukuthuthukisa inqubomgomo yemiklomelo yezezimali kuma-NPO. Le nqubomgomo kodwa, ayizange ifinyelele kuzidingo zako kokubili uhulumeni nesigaba se-NPO. Kukhona manje isidingho esisheshayo sokuthuthukisa inqubomgomo ezakuqinisekisa ukuthi uMnyango uyakwazi ukwethula izinsiza kusithembiso sempilo engcono kubo bonke abantu.
Inqubomgomon yemiklomelo yezezimali ihlose ukuhlahla ukuphendulela kwezwe ekuxhasweni ngezimali kwabanikezeli bezinsiza kusigaba sokuthuthukisa ezenhlalonhle, ukuhambisa ngokushesha inguqu7ko kanye nokuqondisa kabusha izinsiza nemithombo, kanye nokuqinisekisa izinsizakalo ezinempumelelo nezisebenzayo kuzigaba zomphakathi ezintulayo neziphofu.
Inqubomgomo izimisele ukulunganisa ukufinyelela kumishani KoMnyango, okungu kwenza abaphofu nabantulayo kanye nabashiyeke ngaphandle ngaphakathi komphakathi aseNingizimu Afrika ukuzitholela impilo engcono, ngokuhlanganyela nabo nalabo abazimisele ukwakha umphakathi onothando.
Inqubomgomo kanye nohlaka lo mthetho wezwe lakhe isimo esihle sokuthi uMnyango ufinyelele imishani yawo, ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene nokuhlukanisa imithombo ngokulinganayo. Igunya elisemqoka elibanjwe yisigaba se-NPO ekunikezeni izinsiza liyabongwa. Amanye ama-NPO enze izinguquko ezinkulu ngokuphathelene nezehlakalo zempilo yangenpela yezwe. Kodwa, ukuguquka okuphoqelelwayo kuhlala kuyinselele enkulu kuhulumeni.
Ukufinyelela kuloku kanye nokwethula kukugunyazwa kwakho, uMnyango udinga ukubona ukuthi yiziphi izinjongo okumele izifinyelele, nokuthi zizofinyelelwa kanjani kanye nokulinganisa ukusebenza ngemfanelo kohlelo. Inqubomgomo ibeka ngaphambili izinselele kanye namathagethi ezinguquko, azothelela ukuthi izinsizakalo zinikezwa kanjani, kuphi kanye nangubani nokusekwa nguhulumeni. Ichaza ukukhethwa kwendlela yokuxhaswa ngezimali. Izici zokufaneleka, kanye nezindlela zokukhokhela nezidingo zokuxhaswa ngezimali.
Njengoba kwenziwa emhlabeni wonke jikelele, abaxhasi bomphakathi nabangasese bafuna isibopho kuzinhelo abazixhasa ngezimali, kufakwa nokulinganisa ukuseebnza ngemfanelo. UMnyango uzawube usungena kukontileka nabanikezeli bezinsiza ukuqinisekisa u7kuthi imiphuimela yezinsiza elindelekile iyafinyelelwa, nokuthi kukhona ukuneliseka kwekhasimende nokufanela imali ekhishiwe. Lawa makontileka aphinde achaze uhlono lokuhlobana ngaphakathi kukahulumeni nabanikezela ngezinsiza. Inqubomgomo ingethuthukisa ngokwemvelo yayo kanti nesisekelo sokufaka kukontileka ngezokubambisana kunesokungqubuzana, ukuze ubuhlobo besikhathi eside buthuthukiswe futhi bandiswe ngokwakha izikhungo nokwesekwa, ikakhulukazi kubanikezeli bezinsiza abasahluma abavela kumiphakathi eyayibandlululiwe esikhathini esedlule.
Isikhathi sangemuva kuka-1994 silethe izinguquko ezisemqoka eNingizimu Afrika. Lezi zinguquko zibe nomthelela kuzo zonke izingxenye zempilo zabantu basezweni, kufakwa nezikhungo zabo. Izinguquko ezisemqoka kakhulu kwakuyilezo okuhloswe kuzo ukwenza ngcono ukwethulwa kwezinsiza nokwenza isinaiza zikwazi ukufinyeleka nokuphendulela izidingo zabantu abaningi kuzakhamuzi.
Le nqubo yokuguqula isasetshenziswa futhi yethula izinselele ezimbalwa kulabo abazibandakanyayo, ikakhulukazi abanikezeli bezinsiza. Uhulumeni ugunyazwe ukuqinisekisa ukunikeza izinsiza ezingcono kakhulu kumphakathi, ngombono wokusunduzela emuva izinkinga zobuphofu nokwakha impilo engcono yawo wonke umuntu.
Umthethosivivinywa Wezindaba Zenhlalonhle (ka-1997) ubophezela uMnyango Wezokuthuthukisa Ezenhlalonhle ekuguquleni izinsiza aenhlalonhle ngothatha indlela yokuthuthukisa egcizelela ukusebenzisana ngaphakathi kokuthuthukiswa kwezenhlalonhle nezomnotho. Ukuguquka okunje kumele ngaphakathi kokunye, kubhekana nobuhlanga, amakilasi, ubulili kanye hnokungalinganiswa kwezikhala.
Izindaba Zenhlalonhle zibhekene ekukhulisenei amandla okwenza abantu kanye nasekufakeni ukuzethemba kanye nokubamba iqhaza ekuthathebni izinqumo. Iphinda futhi igcizelele izinsiza eziphathelene nomndeni, nokwesekwe ngumphakathi nokuhlanganisayo (Izizwe Ezibumbeneyo: 1987). Isu lokuthuthukisa alimi endaweni noma linikeze ukuza ngaphambili kunoma yiyiphi indlela y6okwenza, kodwa kugcizelela ukuthi kunganakwa indlela yokwenza, umphumela kumela uqhubekise ubulungisa bezenhlalonhle nezomnotho.
Ngokomlando izinsiza zezindaba zenhlalonhle eNingizimu Afrika zazinikezwa yibo bobabili uHulumeni nezinhlangano zom0phakathi wezwe. Uhulumeni uyavuma ukuthi izinhlangano eziningi ezisemthethweni zinamakhono, ubuciko, ingqalasizinda kanye neminye imithombo engasiza ekwakhiweni kabusha, ekuthuthukiseni nasenikezeni izinsizakalo. Eziningi zalezi zinhlangano ziye zatholwa ukuxhaswa ngezezimali ngokunikeswa ingxenye ethile. Ezinye zalezi zinhlangano ziye zathatha amabanga ngokusayina izinsizakalo zazo nezinqubomgomo zikahulumeni nokubekwa ekuqaleni. Kodwa loku akuzange kube ukwenziwa jikelele kanye nejubane lokuguquka okumele likhushulwe.
Loku kwenziwa yizimfuno zokubhekana nezimpawu ezifana nobuphofu, ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi kanye nesifo esiwubhubhane se-HIV kanye ne-AIDS, esinomthelela omkhulu emiphakathini. Ukwengeza, izidingo zokwethula izinsiza zizophinde ziqondiswe kuzindawo ezinezidingo eziningi kanye nezidinga kuqala njengemiphakathi ebandlululiwe neyasemaphandleni etheleleke kakhulu. Izinhlangano ezisavela nezisekwe emiphakathini, ezibekwe ikakhulukazi kahle futhi zinamandla okunikeza izinsizakalo kwababandlululiwe abaphofu kanye nakakhulukazi imiphakathi yasemaphandleni, eshoiyeke ngaphandle kumanje ekuxhasweni ngezimali noma exhaswa ngokungenele.
Eminyakeni edlule uhulumeni wazalisa imali kahulu esigabeni sokuthuthukisa ezenhlalonhle. Uye futhi wakha indawo evumelayo yomthetho nenqubomgomo eyayiphoqelela inguquko. Kodwa, ukwethulwa kwezinsiza akukwazanga ukufinyelela kule-ajenda yokuguqula. Ukuze kufinyelelwe kuzidingo ezikhuphukayo zemiphakathi, indlela yokuguqula idinga ukuqiniswa kakhulu. Ukwengeza kuloko, abanikezeli bezinsiza abashiyeke kakhulu ngaphandle kumele bafakwe kushashalazi lokuxhaswa ngezimali nguhuluimeni.
Inqubomgomo ngokuphathelene nemiklomelo yokuxhasa ngezimali kubanikezeli bezinsiza esigabeni sokuthuthukisa ezenhlalonhle okokuqala kuhlose ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi uhulumeni, kanye nezigaba zezinhl;angano ezingezona ezikahulumeni, nalapho kufanele khona, izinhlangano zezigaba zangasese, zifinyelela imishani yoMnyango wokuthi "ukusiza abaphofu, nabahluphekayo kanye nabashiyeke ngaphandle emphakathini waseNingoizimu Afrika ukuthi bazenzele impilo engcono ngokwabo, ngokuhlanganyela nabo ikanye nabo bonke abazimisele ekwakheni umphakathi onothando" (Uhlelo Lwesu Lokwenza loMnyamngo Wokuthuthukisa Ezenhlalonhle: 2003/4-2005/6).
Ngokukhuphuka abaxhasi emhlabeni wonke jikelele, bomphakathi nabangasese bafuna ukuba nesibopho kuzinhlelo abazixhasa ngemali, kufakwa nokulinganisa ukwenza ngemfanelo. Loku kuthelela ngamandla uhulumeni ukuthi ahlole izindleko kanyen nezinzuzo zemisebenzi yakhe kanye nokuchazela umphakathi wonke, ikakhulukazi abakhjokheli bentela, ukuthi ukusebenzisa imali kukahuklumeni kanye nokunikeza imithombo kunikezelwa kuhle komphakathi wonke. Inqubomgomo yenzelwe-ke ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona inani lemali nokuthi imisebenzi esemqoka yayo iyafinyelelwa. Loku kudinga isibopho ukuvela kuko kokubili uhulumeni kanye nesigaba esingesona sikahulumeni enikezela kuso.
Inqubomgomo yokuxhasa ngezimali ihlose-ke ekuhlahleni izwe kukuphendulela kwezezimali kwabanikezeli bezinsiza esigabeni sokuthuthukisa ezenhlalonhle, ukuhambisa inguquko nokuqondisa izinsizakalo kanye nemithombo kanye nokuqinisekisa ukunikezwa kwezinsiza ngempumelelo nangokufanele kuzigaba zomphakathi eziphofu nezihluphekayo.
Inqubomgomo ibanzi ngokokwenziwa ukunikezela kuhulumeni wesifunda nokazwelonke ukuthuthukisa imihlahlandlela ngokulandela izidingo ezicacile nemithombo ekhona.
Ukumisa ubuhlobo bokuxhasa ngezimali phakathi kukahulumeni nabanikezeli bezinsiza abanikeza izinsiza zezindaba zokuthuthukisa ezenhlalonhle.
Ukuthola izidingo nezindlela zokwenza imiklomelo yezezimali kubanikezeli bezinsiza abanikeza izinsiza zokuthuthukisa izindaba zenhlalonhle.
Ukunikeza ithuluzi lokuhambisa inguquko yokwethula izinsiza zezindaba zenhlalonhle.
Ukuthuthukisa amandla okwenza ezinhlangano ezivelayo nezazibandlululwa ekuqaleni ezingenayo imithombo kodwa ezikuqondayo futhi ezingafinyelela izidingo zemiphakathi.
Ukwakha isimo sendawo esivumela abanikezeli abnasha bezinsiza ababeshiyiwe ekuqaleni ekuxhasweni ngezimali nguhulumeni.
Ukunikeza isisekelo sokunikeza futhi imiythombo ngendlela elinganayo.
Ukufinyelela: Ukufinyeleleka ngokulandela izimo zobuntu uqobo nezezwe, isikhathi, ulimi nezidingo.
Izibopho: Ukulandela yonke imithetho yomthethosisekelo, yezinqubomgomo neyokuxhasa ngezimali.
Ukwazi ukukukhokhela: Akekho umuntu okumele ashiywe ngaphandle ngesizathu sokuthi akakwazi ukukhokhela izinsiza la-pho izinkokhelo zibizwa khona, isivivinyo sokwazi ukukhokha kumele sisetshenziswe.
Ngokufanele nangempumelelo: Ukufinyelela izinhloso ngendlela enempumelelo yezindleko.
Ukunikeza amandla okwenza: Ukwandisa amandla okwenza ezinhlangano ezivelayo ukuthuthuka ukuze zifinyelel amazinga abekwe kule nqubomgomo.
Ukulingana: Ukuphinde kunikezwe imithombo kwesekwa ngezidingo, okokuqalisa okusemqoka kanye nokwehluka kwesikhathi esedlule.
Ukubamba iqhaza: Ukuzibandakanya okusebenzayo kwabaphathi, amaklayenti, abasebenzi, abahlanganyeli namabeleli bomphakathi kuzinhlelo zezinhlangano nokufanekiswa kwezinqubomgomo.
Ukuhlanganyela: Isibopho sokuhlanganyela sikahulumeni, imiphakathi yesizwe kanye nesigaba samabhiszinisi ukwethula izinsiza.
Ukuveza obala: Ukufinyelela ulwazi, ukuveza obala kwezinqubo zokuphatha nokuhambisa.
Izakhamuzi eNingizimu Afrika zikhuphuke ukusuka kubantu abangama-40,5 wezigidi ukusuka ngo-1996 ukuya kubantu abayizigidi ezingama-44,8 ngo-2001, okumela ukwanda okungama-10%. (Abezibalo BaseNingizimu Afrika bakhipha ukulinganiswa kwangaphakathi nonyaka ngo-2003, okwabeka izakhamuzi ezingabantu kuzigidi ezingama-46,3.) Enanini lonke lezakhamuzi izigidi ezingama-23 ngabesifazane kuthi ezingama-21 kube abesilisa. Uma ubheka izibalo kuyabonakala ukuthi izakhamuzi ezingezesifazane zingeziningi kakhulu kuzo zonke izifundazwe, ngaphandle kwase-Gauteng, laphu kukhona klhona abesilisa abaningi. Ukuhlukaniswa kobuhlanga kungama- 79% AbaNsundi, ama-9,6% Abamhlophe, ama-8,9% Amakhaladi kanye nama- 2,5% AmaNdiya/Abase-Eshiya. Ukuhlukanisa ngokweminyaka kwabaseNingizimu Afrika kubonisa ukuthi izwe linezakhamuzi eyintsha (noma kukhona iphuzu lephutha njenghoba kuboniswe ngumbiko wokubala abantu: we-Census Ngamafuphi, ka-2003).
Amanani aseNingizimu Afrika ngokuphathelene ne-HIV kanye ne-AIDS abonisa ukuthi izilinghaniso zokutheleleka ziphezulu ngaphakathi kwabesifazane, kanti cishe ingxenye yabo bonke abathelekile ngabesifazane. Izimpawu ezimbalwa zinikeza lesi simo esinje. Eyodwa yezimpawu ezibangela loku ukungalingani kwamandla ngaphakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane.
Uhlolo Lwabasebenzi (luka-Septemba: 2001) lubonisa ukuthi izinga lokuntuleka komsebenzi ezweni lime kuma-41,6%, kuzilinganiso zokuntuleka kwemisebenzi eziphezulu kakhulu ngaphakathi kwabaNsundu kuma-50,2% Namakhaladi kuma-27%.
Ngokulandela Umnyango Wezibalo waseNingizimu Afrika, ngo-1995 cishe ngama-28% amakhaya nama-48% omphakathi ayephila ngaphansi komugqa olinganisiwe wobuphofu - obalwe ngokweseka ngezindleko, ngaloko kushoiya ngaphandle ukufinyelela kuzinsiza kanye nempahla. Ngo-1999 yizigidi ezingama-3,7 zezigidi eziyi-11,4 zamakhaya anjena ezaziphila ngaphansi komugqa wobuphofu. Kulezi, eziningi zazo ngabaNsundu. Ubuphofu -ke yiyona nselele enkulu ebhekene neNingizimu Afrika namuhla. Ihambisana namazinga edlulele okungalingani kuzimo zokuphila kanye nokufinyelela kumithombo ngakwelinye icala, kanye nokungalimazeka ngaphakathi kwamakhaya nemiphakathi ngakwelinye icala.
Ukungalingani kuvamise ukuchazwa ngokuphathelene nobulili, iminyaka yuobudala kanye nemiqondo yobuhlanga nesikhala, njengoba kufunyenwe ngamaciko amaningi ocwaningo. Ngabesifazane kanye namakhaya lapho inloko kungowesifazane, abancane, abadala, abaNsundu kanye nabasemaphandleni abasengozini enkulu yokuba mpofu. Ukubona ubuphopfu nguhulumeni wangemuva kobandlululo njengokuwukhathaza kakhulu kuboniswa ekugudluzweni kwamabhajethi kukusetshenziselwa ezenhlalonhyle, kuzinhlelo zokuphungula ubuphofu kanye nakuzinhlelo ezithagethe abesifazane.
Uhulumeni waseNingizimu Afrika ubona ukwehluka kwemindeni kanye nemithelela yenguquko yezenhlalonhle kuzinhlobo kanye nezakhiwo zayo. Ezikhathini zamanje imindeni ibhekene nezinselele ezintsha kanye nezimfuno kumizamo yabo yokufinyelela izidingo zamalungu abo. Imindeni eminingi eNingizimu Afrika, ikakhulukazi lena evela kumiphakathi yase-Afrika, itheleleke kakhulu bese kuba khona ukungasebenzi ngemfanelo uma ubuphofu sebuhlangana nezinkinga zemvelo kanye nokuzizwa ungena mandla nokudikibala.
Ukuhlukana kwezenhlalonhle kubonakala kahle kuzehlakalo zokuhlukana kwemindeni, ubudlova kumindeni, izinkinga zokugula ngengqondo, ubugebengu, ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezisemthethweni nezongekho emthethweni ngokweqile, Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokuthengisa okocansi, ukungabi nekhaya, nezingane ezihlala nezisebenza emigwaqweni.
Isimo esingenhyla sinikeza incazelo jikelele eyingxenye yesimo sezenhlalonhle nezomnotho ezweni. Uhulumeni wenze izinyathelo ezibanzi ukubhekana nalezi zindaba, njengoba ziboniswe ekubuyekezeni kweminyaka eyishumi ekusetshenzisweni kwezinhlelo zikahulumeni. Izinselele kodwa ziyadangalisa, ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene nezinsiza ezethulwa nguMnyango Wezokuthuthukisa Ezenhlalonhle ezweni lonke. Lezi zinsiza ziwumphetho wamalahle owethulwa kwabahluphekayo, ababandlululiwe kanye nezigaba ezingalimazeka zomphakathi.
Lezi zinselele kanye nemisebenzi ephambili kumele zibhekwe ngendlela ebheka ngempumelelo izinkokhelo, futhi le nqubomgomo inikeza amathuluzi wokuphinde aqondise izinsiza kanye nokunikezela ngemithombo nguMnyango ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelelwa kwalezi zinjongo.
Umphumela wokwanda kokuphepha kwezenhlalonhle kwezinye izifundazwe - okungaba ngaphezu kwama-90% ebhajethi yomnyango, ngenkathi kwenelisa ukusebenza kwenethi yokuphepha esemqoka, kuye kwafinyeza isamba semali esinikezwe kukwethula kwezinsiza.
U-Swilling and Russell bagcina ukuthi kusekwa ngohlolo lokuqukethwe Locwaningo Lwesigaba Esingenanzuzo saseNingizimu Afrika, ukuthi isigana esingenzi nzuzo singamandla asemqoka emnothweni waseNingizimu Afrika, ngezindleko sezizonke eziyizigidigidi ezingama-R9,3 ngo-1998, esimele ama-1,2% yemikhiqizo isiyonke yezwe. Inani selilonke labaqashwa kuzigaba esingenzi nzuzo ngo-1999 sedlula inani labasebenzi (kufakwa abaqashwe ngokuphelele, nokwesikhashana kanye nabasebenzi abangamavoluntiya) kuzigaba eziningi zezomnotho ezisemqoka, ezenza lesi sigaba umqashi osemqoka ezweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo sonyaka amavolontiya ayizigidi eziyi-1,5 anikezela ngesikhathi namandla awo kuma-NPO aseNingizimu Afrika. Uma kuqhathaniswa namavolontiya njengamaphesenti yabasebenzi abangenzi nzuzo emazweni angama-28, ame ngaphakathi kwama-35%, iNingizimu Afrika ime kuma-47%.
Uma uyibheka ukusuka kumbono wesigaba, kubonakala sengathi isigaba sezinsiza sinamaphesenti aphezulu kakhulu ama-NPO, ayinani elingama- 22 755 (23%) kunani selilonke lama-NPO angama-98 920 kuzigaba ezehlukile eziyi-11.
Ulwazi kuthebhuli luthethwe njengoba lunjalo encwadini engumthombo.
Nanoma okungenhla kungabonisi izindawo zokuhlanganisa izinsiza, ibonisa izindawo ezisemqoka zokwethulwa kwezinsiza okungezokuqalisa kuhulumeni. Ngokuphathelene nokuxhaswa ngezimali, kulinganiswe ukuthi isigaba sama-NPO sasinemali engenayo eyizigidi gidi ezingama-R18 ngo-1998, ama-42% (izigidi gidi ezingama-R5,8) okwakungumnikelo kahulumeni. Enanini elalinikezwe nguhulumeni yizigidi gidi ezingama-R2,1 ezaya kuzinsiza zenhlalonhle, izigidi gidi ezingama-R1,7 ezaya kwezempilo kanye nezigidi gidi ezingama- R1,1 ezaya kukuthuthukiswakanye nasezindlini.
U-Swilling no-Russell (2001:35) bathi "izigaba ezathola ubuningi bemali yokuxhaswa kahulumeni zazinezimpawu zama-NPO asemthethweni nathuthukiswe ngemfanelo ayevamise ukusebenza ngemfanelo ekumisweni kwawo kumakilasi asebenzayo asemadolobheni kanye nemiphaklathi yamakilasi aphakathi kunakumiphakathi ehluphekayo ama-47% eznsiza zenhlalonhle zama-NPO kanye nama-42% ezempilo ama-NPO ayegcwele kuzinhlobo zamaqembu ezomnotho nezenhlalonhle eholo eliphakathi. Loku kwehluka kwesiko nokungcebeleka, kanye nokuthuthukisa izigaba zezezindlu, kuyona okunengxenye yama-NPO kuzo zombili izigaba angeniswe kuzingxenye ezigcwele ukuhlupheka kwezomnotho nezenhlalonhle". Ngalokho bathatha isinqumo sokuthi izinsiza zenhlalonhle kanye nezigaba zama-NPO zezempilo "zibhekela kakhulu isigaba somphakathi wabamhlophe, kanti futhi zisakwenza loko. Loku akusho ukuthi ama-NPO ezinsiza zenhlalonhle nezempilo awafinyeleli izidingo zabahluphekayo, kodwa ziphakamisa indlela engabakhona engaveza imibuzo ngokuphathelene nokuthi ngubani ozuzayo kukweseka ngokuxhasa ngezimali kukahulumeni kuzinsiza zenhlalonhle nezigaba zezempilo" (ndawonye(ibid:) 36).
Kulolu cwaningo oluthintwe ngenhla, kuye kwatholakala ukuthi imali engenayo abantu abazenzelel yona ibe ngama-34% email yonke engenayo yama-NPO. Loku kwatholakala kuzinkokhelo zezinsiza , iminikelo kanye nenye imali engenayo abazenzele yona. Ama-NPO ezinsiza zenhlalonhle atholakala kungangenisa izinkokhelo zezinsiza emva kokungenisa imali eyizigidi gidi ezingama-R1,2 ngo-1998. Loku kumele ama-32,4% emali yesigaba ewngenayo isiyonke, izabelo zikahulumeni zona zenza ama-56,5% kanti isigaba sangasese senza ama-11,1%.
Okungenhla kunikeza isithombe esithe juqu sesigaba sama-NPO eNingizimu Afrika. Nanoma ucwaningo lwalwenziwe ngo-1999, lusafanelekile futhi luqinisekise eminingi imibono yokwenza yolwazi olwenziwe nguhulumeni. Ukuhlaziya kuqinisekisa futhi igunya elisemqoka elidlalwa ngamavolontiya esigabeni sezenhlalonhle, kanye nasekwazini kwama-NPO amiswe ngemfanelo ukukhuphula imali yabo engenayo ngezinkokhjelo kanye nokwenza imali kweminye imithombo. Emva kokusho loku, kusemqoka ukuqaphela ukuthi izinhlangano ezintsha nezivelayo ezifinyelela izidingo zemiphakathi ezitholakala kuyo, zishiyeke ngaphandle ngokuphathelene nokunikezelwa imithombo.
Okungenhla kunemibandela efinyelela kude ngokuphathelene nobuhlobo uhulumeni anabo nama-NPO. Iphinde futhi ibeke igunya kuhulumeni ukuthi aphinde aqondise okwamanje kanye nokunikeza imithombo emisha ukuqinisekisa ukulingana, ukubhekela ukungalingani okwedlule nokuguquka ngaphakathi kwesigaba sama-NPO, ukuze kwakhiwa amandla ezikhungo kumikhakha engena mithombo eyanele. Uhulumeni kumele futhi abheke kwezinye izindawo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinsiza zihambisana nezinhloso zazo kanye nemisebenzi esemqoka. Abanikezeli bezinsiza ngakwelinye icala, kumele bathuthukise izinhlelo ezixhaswayo ezifinyelela izidingo zamaqembu amaningi kakhulu abahluphekayo nabangalimazeka.
Umnyango unokunikezela kwemithombo okungaqondile ngenxa yokuba ngcono kwenethi yokuphepha, okusemqoka ekuqedeni ubuphofu futhi kubonwa njengemali engenayo eningi kakhulu yokudluliselwa kwabahluphekayo ezweni. Ngenkathi loku kukuhle ngokuphathelene nemibandela yenethi yokuphepha kwabahluphekayo, iye yaholela ekutheni umnyango usebenzise ama-90% ebhajethi yawo kuzabelo zenhlalonhle okushiya kuphela ama-10% ebhajethi ukunikezela ezinye izinhlobo zezinsiza ezibanzi, ezinikezwa nguhulumeni noma ama-NGO.
Uhlelo lwamasu okwenza loMnyango luchaza ukwehlisa okusemqoka kobuphofu nokuthuthukisa umphakathi, izinsiza zokuvikela izingane, izinsiza zomphakathi kubantu abadala, abantu abanokukhubazeka, kanye nezinsiza zokweseka abahlushwayo bekulinyazwa ngezasemakhay kanye nezinye izinsiza zinikezwe imali engaphansi kubhajethi ngokokubala. Nanoma izabelo ezingenambandela zikwazi ukwehlisa inkinga, izifundazwe azikwazi ukuzihlanganisa kumabhajethi azo ukuqinisekisa ukuxhaswa.
Ukuba nabasebenzi abangenele ngokuphathelene nako kokubili amanani, amakhono kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kuye kwadinga ukuthi kwenziwe ukugudluzwa kwenqubomgomo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinsiza ziye kwabazidinga kakhulu. Ukuphuma kwabasebenzi bezenhlalonhle kuprofeshini kanye nakuzo zombili izigaba zikahulumeni nezingezona ezikahulumeni ukuya kumahlanze aluhlaza kwezinye izindawo kanye nokuthelela kwezinguquko zembulunga, kwandise inkinga yokuba nabasebenzi abanele. Loku kuzwiwa kakhulu ekuthulweni kwezinsiza kanye nasekuthelelweni kwemiphakathi yizinsiza enikezwa zona. Ubunzima abuzwiwa nguhulumeni kuphela, kodwa buzwiwa nayizinhlangano okungezona ezikahulumeni ezinikeza izinsiza kumiphakathi. Kuye kwaba khona ukungakwazi ukwandisa ukuxhaswa kusigaba okungesona sikahulumeni ikakhulukazi ezingeni lezifundazwe, nakakhulukazi kuzigaba ezintsha ezifana nezinhlangano zenkolo, amavolontiya kanye nezinhlangano ezesekwe ngumphakathi ezifisayo ukunikeza izinsiza kwabahluphekayo nababandlululiwe ngokomlando.
Ngenkathi le nqubomgtomo izama ukuqondisa kabusha imithombo nezinsiza kuzimo lapho kukhona ukweqiswa kwemibandela, ibonisa futhi ukuthi izinsiza zokuthuthukisa izindaba zezinsiza zenhlalonhle zinomlando wokuxhaswa ngezimali eziphansi kanye nokufinyelela ukulingana kanye nokubhekana nezinselele zamanje kuzodinga ukuthi kutholwe imithombo yokweseka ngezimali.
Ngokusebenzisa lenqubomgomo, uMnyango uzozama ukuthuithukisa izindlela kanye nezilinganiso ezfanele zokubhekela inguquko ephoqelelwayo njengoba ichazwe kumbhalo wenqubomgomo.
Inhloso yalesi sigaba ukuchaza ukunakwa kwenqubomgomo okweseka ukusetshenziswa kwemibandela efanele yezingxenye ezahlukene zomthetho kazwelonke ezifuna ukunika umphumela ekugunyazweni kukahulumeni wumthethosisekelo kanye namagunya amazwe ngamazwe. Izingxenye zomthetho kazwelonke ezithintwayo ngaphakathi zihambisana noma zenza imibandela kumiklomelo noma ukuxhaswa ngezezimali kubanikezeli bezinsiza ekwethuleni kwezinsiza zokuthuthukisa izindaba zenhlalonhle.
Yonke imibandela yomthetho nezinqubomgomo ebusa izinsiza zokuthuthukisa izindaba zenhlalonhle ezweni.
Ngokuhambisana nohlaka lwemithetho nenqubomgomo echazwe ngenhla, uMnyango unesibopho nokugunyazwa okukhulu kokwethula izinsiza ezingcono ezingabakhona emphakathini, ikakhulukazi kuzigaba ezihluphekayo nezingalimazeka.
Okungenhla kuzakufanelaizinsiza zomphakathi kanye nezitho ehlose ukwethula izinsiza nezonikezwa izimali. Okucacisiwe kuzothola okuza kuqala kwezinsiza ezethulwayo kuzinga lesifundazwe nelikazwelonke futhi lizokwaziswa ngaphakathi kokunye yiloku okulandelayo ucwaningo, izibalo zabantu, imihlangano yemiphakathi efama nezimbizo, ukwaziswa komongameli noma ungqongqoshe, kanye Nezinhlelo Zokuthuthukisa Ezihlanganisiwe.
Ukucaciswa kwezinsiza kuzokutholan ukuthi kukuphi, ngubani kanye nokuthi yinhloso yiphi yokuxhaswa ngezimali ezonikezwa. Loku kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo namasu ezikhungo zizama ukuhambisana nesu elincane loMnyango. Umnyango uyaziqonda izidingo zesigaba ukugcina ukuzimela kwako, kodwa ukuphoqelela inguquko kuphoqa uMnyango ukuthi uphendulele ngokufanele kukugudluzwa kwemininingwane yabantu nezenzo ezijwayelekile zezepolotiki nezezikhwama sezwe semali.
INingizimu Afrika yayiloku yenza inguquko yebanga elingabonelwanga ngaphambili. Le nqubo yenguquko iyaqhubeka futhi izokwazisa ukuthi uhulumeni uzokwandisa imithombo yakhe kanjani ukufinyelela ukulingana kanye nokubhekana nokungalingani kwezomlando okusekhona ngaphakathi kwesigaba sokuthuthukisa ezenhlalonhle. Emva kwenqubomgomo yokugcina yokuguqula izindaba zenhlalonhle, izinhlanganon eziningi ezingenzi nzuzo zazama ukuguquka ngokulandela imihlahlandlela ebekiwe. Kukhona kodwa ezinye izinselele eziningi ezibhekene nokwethulwa kwezinsiza.
Ukunikezwa ngokulinganayo kwezinsiza kanye nemithombo ngaphakathi kwemikhakha yasemaphandleni neyasemadolobheni.
Ukuthuthukisa izinsiza ezisekwe kakhulu kumphakathi.
Ukuphatha amabandla kanye nezakhiwo ezibonisa iphrofayili yemininingwane yabantu yesifunda nesifundazwe esebenza kuso.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuxhaswa kwezinhlangano ezivelayo ezingenzi nzuzo ezazibandlululwa kudala.
Ukwakha amandla okuphatha nezezimali zezinhlangano ezisavela.
Ukuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwamakhono kuzinhlangano ezimisiwe kuzinhlangano ezivelayo.
Ukumisa inqubo yokuhlukaniswa okuqhubekayo kwezinsiza zenhlalonhle.
Ukusuka kuzinsiza zokuncintisana zomuntu ngamunye ukuya kuzinqubo eziqoqelwe ndawonye nezokubambisana ezihambisa ukudluliswa kwamakhono nokuhlanganisa izinsiza.
Umnikelo wezinsiza ezihlanganisiwe eziphundulela ngokufanele kuzidingo zomphakathi, bebona amandla abo kanye nokunikeza amandla, kanye nokukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo ekhona emiphakathini.
Lezi zinselele azikho mqoka kuhuilumeni kuphela kodwa kufanele zimele injongo eqoqiwe yabo bonke abanikezeli bezinsiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthu ukuthuthukiswa kwezinsiza zezenhlalonhle zinikezwa ngendlela elungile nefanele kulabo abadinga izinsiza kakhulu.
Ukugudluka ukusuka kuzinhlangano ezesekayo ngokuseka ngelungelo, ubuhlanga, ubulili kanye nendawo yokuhlala kuzinsiza ezithuthukisa ukulingana, ukwehluka kanye nokuhlanganisa ezenhlalonhle.
Ukugudluka kuzindawo ezinemithombo ezingaphezulu kuzindawo zokuqalisa okusemqoka lapho izidingo ziziningi kakhulu.
Ukugudluka kukuxhaswa ngezimali okwesekwe ngokuxhaswa ngezimali okufakwayo komphumela.
Loku kuzodinga ukuthi uhulumeni angenele ngokuxhasa ngezimali kanye nezinye izinto ukuqinisekisa ukuthi loku kugudluka kuyenziwa kanye nokwakha ingqalasizinda kanye namandla esikhungo ngaphakathi kwezinhlangano nemiphakathi eyayibandlulula, ikakhulukazi kuzindawo zasemaphandleni.
umnikezeli wezinsiza ongaphezu koyedwa enikezela izinsiza ezifanayo endaweni efanayo yezezwe, ukhetho luzonikezwa izinsiza ezihlangene ukuthuthukisa ukuseebnza ngemfanelo kwezindleko kanye nokufaka inani.
kukhona ubufakazi obubonakalayo ukuthi izinsiza njengomsebenzi wokuqala osemqoka, zihlose ukugcina izindlalifa ezindlini nasemiphjakathini yabo. Lapho kubonwa okunye ukunakekela ngokusebenzisa ukuhlola kwezingcweti okuzokuba wukhetho olungcono, kumele nakanjani buhlose ukuqhubekisa nokugcina umndeni kanye nokuxhumana komphakathi.
kukhona ubufakazi obubonakalayo kwemizamo ehlanganisiwe yokwenza ukuthi inhlangano ibe nokuncika okuncane kukuxhaswa ngezimali kukahulumeni bese ukwazi ukuzixhazan ngezezimali.
Abanikezeli bezinsiza baqondise kunoma yimuphi umuntu osemthethweni owuhlobo lwenhlangano kanye namabandla onikeza izinsiza zezindaba zebhalonhyle.
Lawa ngamabandla azimele asebenza ezingeni lendawo, lesifundazwe nelikazwelonke futhi lifaka izinhlangano ezesekwe emphakathini. Zingamiswa futhi zisebenze njengezinhlangano zokuvolontiya, ubuphatheli, izinkampani zesigaba sama-21, imiphakathi noma ziznhlangano ezinothando. Uphawu olujwayelekile lwalezi zinhlangano ukuthi azizona ezenzuzo.
Lezi zinhlangano zinikeza izinhlobo zezinsiza zokuthuthukisa izindaba zenhlalonhle ngokwenzuzo yesikhathi ngesikhathi.
Lawa ngamaqembu abantu ngabanye abahlanganayo ukufunda amakhono athile noma ukubhekana nezidingo ezithile ngombono wokwenza ngcono izinga lempilo yabo. Amanye amaqembu noma izinhlangano anenjongo yokungenisa imali. Izinhlangano zibhaliswe ngokuphelele ngokulandela umthetho {Umthetho Wezinhlangano ka-1981}.
Amaqembu axhumana nezinkolo ezehlukile anezinsiza zamaqembu nawo anikeza izinsiza eziyigugu kumiphakathi. Amanye alamaqembu angahlelwa ngokusemthethweni bese ebhaliswa, ngalokho achazwa kusigaba se-8.1.1 ngenhla. Amanye angawokuzithandela kuphela.
Iminyango yezifundazwe nekazwelonke Yokuthuthukisa Ezenhlalonhle kanye neminye iminyango inikeza izinsiza eziphathelene nokuthuthukiswa kwezenhlalonhle (bheka ukuxhaswa ngezimali okwabelanayo ku-9.2.5). Igunya elidlalwa nguhulumeni wendawo njengomnikezeli wezinsiza nayo ngaloku iyabhekwa.
Izinhlangano ezinengxenye kahulumeni ngamabandla angeyona ingxenye engumnyombo yesigaba sikahulumeni sesifundazwe nesikazwelonke, kodwa sisebenza ngokuhambisana naso kanti futhi sibekwe ngumthetho ohyanjiswa yisigaba sikahulumeni. Zibika ngokuphelele ngokulandela Umthetho wo-1 we-PFMA ka-1999.
Izinhlangano ezinengxenye kahulumeni zinganikeza insiza ecacile engena ngaphakathi kobubanzi balenqubomgomo yokuxhasa ngezimali, ezifana nokuthuthukisa nocwaningo.
Umnyango ukhumbula ukuthi akuwona kuphela umxhasi wezimali wezinsiza kusigana semiphakathi ehluphekayo nengalimazeka. Iphinda futhi ibone ukuthi ngokucacile izinhlangano ezimiswe kahle zinamandla kanye nengqalasizinda efanele yokuzenzela imali. Kuye ngezinhlobo zokhetho lokuxhaswa ngezimali njengoba kuzochazwa ngezansi, ukuxhaswa ngezimali kunikezwa ngokuqonda ukuthi lezi zinhlangano zenza futhi zizawuqongelela imali kweminye imithombo efana neminye iminyango yombuso, izinhlangano zokuxhasa ngezimali, izinhlelo zezibopho zezinhlangano zenhlalonhle ezivela kusigaba samabhizinisi sangasese, ngokusebenzisa ubuphatheli kanye nezisekelo kanye neminikelo evela kumalothari.
Ngaloku okungenhla emqondweni, isigaba esilandelayo sihlose ukunikeza imihlahlandlela ngokuphathelene nokuxhasa ngezimali kwezenhl;alonhle kanye nokuthuthukisa isigaba sezenhlalonhle ukwethula izinsiza.
Izidingo zokuxhaswa ngezimali.
Umnyango uphethe igunya elisemqoka ekuhleleni ukunikezwa kwezinsiza. Yenza loku ngokunikeza izinsiza ngokwayo, noma nokunikeza izinsiza kubanikezeli bezinsiza. Lombhalo wenqubomgomo ubhekene naloku.
Ukuthenga nokuxhasa ngezimali ngokuseebnzisa inqubo yezinhlelo zokusiza ngezimali ezifinyelela izidingo zokuxhasa ngezimali eziyisisekelo zoMnyango.
Ukuthenga nokuxhasa ngezimali ngokusebenzisa inqubo yethenda evaliwe. Kulezi zimo uMnyango uthatha isiqalo sokubonisa izidingo bese umema izicelo kubanikezeli bezinsiza, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinsiza zinikezwa lapho zidingeka khona.
Izinsiza zokuthenga nokuxhasa ngezimali ngethenda evulekile. Kulezi zehlakalo, izimemo zokunikezela ngezinsizakalo zenziwa ngokulandela inqubo nezinqubomgomo zethenda.
Kuzehlakalo lapho insiza ikumazinga asephansi okuthuthuka futhi ingakwazi ukufanela ukuxhaswa ngemali ngokulandela izici ezibekiwe, uhlobo olunje lokuxhasa ngezimali lungabhekwa.
Lolu hlobo lokuxhasa ngezimali lungabhekwa kuzinto ezingadliwa ezifana nefenisha, izisetshenziswa kanye nokugcinwayo. Kunoma yiluphi uhlobo olucacile lolu hlobo lokuxhasa ngezimali lungabhekwa ekuthuthukiseni ingqalasizinda, uma kulandela izidingo zomthetho ngokuphathelene nobunikazi.
Lolu uhlobo lokuxhasa ngezimali olwenzeka kanye kuphela futhi luzawufanela amaphrojekthi adinga kuphela imali yokuqalisa ukuze akwazi ukuzimela ngokwawo.
Lolu hlobo lokuxhasa ngezimali lubhekene nezehlakalo lapho ingxenye yenzisa ebanzi ivunyelwe ukuxhaswa ngezimali.
Loku kuxhaswa ngezimali kwenzeka uma abaxhasi ngezimali abahlukene bethatha isinqumo sokuhlanganyela ukuxhasa ngezimali noma ukuxhasa izingxenye ezehlukile zezinsiza eziphelele.
Lendlela yokunikeza imali inhekene nezinsiza ezisebenza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi eside futhi zinezinhloso zesikhathi eside, ukufinyelelwa kwazo okwethembele ekuxhasweni ngezimali nguMnyango ukuze kuqhubeke, njalo nsuku zonke ngezindleko zokusebenza. Ukuxhasa ngezimali kuyaqhubeka uma nje insiza ihlala ingenqala kanti ukulandela izimo zekontileka kuqiniswa.
Lesi sigaba sinikeza umqondo jikelele wokuthi uMnyango udlulisa kanjani izinkokhelo kubanikezeli bezinsiza abakukontileka.
Lendlela yokukhokhela isetshenziswa uma inkokhelo elandelayo yokubekiwe yeyeme phezu kwemiphumela etholwe ezingeni/esigabeni esedlule.
Kuzakunakwa ukudlulisa yonke imali enikeziwe lapho umnikezeli wezinsizakalo anomlando onobufakazi wokulandela umthetho, ukwethembeka kanye nokuba nesibopho. Loku kusebenza lapho ezinye izindlela zokukhokhela zingafanele ngenxa yezimo zokugeleza kukaheshi kanye nezinga lezezimali eliphansi ngaphakathi kwezinye.
Lendlela yokukhokha isho ukuthi ukunikezwa kwemali yonyaka kuhlukaniswa kube yizingxenye zenyanga/ikwata/izinyanga eziyisithupha bese zikhokhwa ngezamba ezilinganayo, ukusiza ngokuphatha ukugeleza kwekheshi nokuhambisa izindleko.
Umnyango unelungelo lokubona ukuthi yiluphi ukhetho oluzokuba ngcono kumnikezeli wezinsiza. Kodwa, uMnyango uzawubheka ukwethula ngumnikezeli wezinsiza ukuze athole olunye ukhetho lokukhokhelwa.
akwazi ukuchaza ukusetshenziswa kwemiklomelo yezimai eyenziwe nguMnyango ngendlela evunyelwe kanye nangokubekwe nguMthetho Wokuphatha Izimali Zikahulumeni wo-1 ka-1999 (i-PFMA).
abe ngozibhalise ngokusemthethweni kunoma yiyiphi insiza ecacisiwe ehambisana nomthetho isib. Umthetho wokunakekela ingane, Abantu abadala, njll.
aseke bese ezimisela ukwabelana ngemithombo kanye nokudlulisela amakhono kuzinhlangano ezisahlumayo.
Abanikezeli bezinsiza kumele bangenise uhlelo lwebhizinisi njengoba kubekiwe kumhlahlandlela wenqubo.
Ulwazi ngebhodi labaphathi, abasebenzi, amavolontiya kanye nezindlalifa zamanje (abamukeli bezinsiza) ze-NPO.
Izinhloso, okuvelayo nemiphumela.
Amabhajethi asekwe ngemisebenzi ukubonisa izamba zezimali ezidingekayo nokuthi zizosetshenziselwani.
Amagunya nezibopho ezihambisanayo zomnikezeli wezinsiza noMnyango zizochazwa kukontileka esayinwe ngaphakathi kwamaqembu womabili.
Ibhajethi kahulumeni iphathwa ngokulandela uhlaka lwezindleko zesikhathi esiphakathi nendawo (i-MTEF), okuwuhlelo lweminyaka miningi futhi luthatha ukuyingiliza kweminyaka emithathu. I-MTEF ivumela uhulumeni ukuthi ahlele ngokwesu ngokweseka ngemithombo yakhe yokubikezela ezezimali. Ukuze uMnyango ukwazi ukuphendula ngemfanelo ekuthuthukisweni kwezidingo zezindaba zenhlalonhle zezwe, kumele ibe sesikhundleni sokubikezela okuzokwenzeka ngezezimali zokwethulwa kwezinsiza ngokweseka ngokweminyaka miningi.
Ngokungaphumelela okukhulu nalapho kufanele khona, izinhlelo zamabhizinisi kumele zibonise ukuhlelwa kweminyaka eminingi kanye nokubhajetha kwesikhathi esifika eminyakeni emithathu. Loku kuzovumela futhi uMnyango ukubheka ukufanela kanye nokuphumelela ukukhokhela imisebenzi yokuthuthukisa yesikhathi eside ehlose ukubhekana nokusemqoka nokunikeza ukwenzeka ekugudluzweni kwenguquko. Amaleveli ezezimali onyaka othintekayo kanye nangomgomo wokuvunywa kokuxhaswa ngezimali isikhathi eside kuzakwesekwa kumiphumela yokuhlola maqondana nezinhloso ezibekiwe kanye nokuthi umnikezeli wezinsiza ukwazi ukufinyelela izinselele zenguquko.
Ukulindela okuvunyelwene ngako ngokuphathelene nezezimali nokwethula izinsizakalo zezniwa ukuthi zibe semthethweni kumakontileka abhaliwe asayinwa nguMnyango kanye nomnikezeli wezinsiza. Inhloso yokungena kukontileka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amagunya nezibopho okuvunyelwene ngazo zichazwe ngokucacile. Ukwengeza, ikontileka iphinde futhi ichaze isibopho somnikezeli wensiza ngokuphathelene nafanele akwethule (umphumela), ukubika ne-akhawuntingi, nezinqubo zokuphatha nokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ukuba nesibopho ngezimali zomphakathi ezitholiwe.
Umnyango ungangena kumakontileka onyaka noma kwezinye izehlakalo kumakontileka eminyaka eminingi nabanikezeli bezinsiza. Kulo kwesibili kuzawuba ukuthi uMnyango uye weneliseka ukuthi ikontileka yonyaka owodwa angeke isebenze ngemfanelo futhi ayifuneki ngesizathu sohlobo lwensiza, uhlobo lokuzalisa nezinga kanye nesikhathi sokuhlela.
Imiphumela eqondene nezinsiza ngokucacile elindeleke ezindaweni ezicacile.
Amagunya nezibopho zoMnyango nabanikezeli bezinsiza.
Isikhathi esizothathwa isivumelwano.
Izidingo zokubika nezama-akhawunti ngaphakathin kwezikhathi ezibekwe ngokucacile.
Ukulungiselela ukuphatha nokuhlola.
ukuphatha nokuhlola yinqubo eqhubekayo nethuthukisayo.
Inhloso yokuphatha nokuhlola ukulinganisa ukulandela ikontileka, kuko kokubili ukwethulwa kwezinsiza kanye nokuphatha ezezimali.
Ezezimali - izinga umnikezeli wezinsiza elandela okubekiwe ngezezimali kanye nezidingo njengoba zichazwe kukontileka; kanye nokuthi isu lomnikezeli wezinsiza, ukusetshenziswa nokuhambisa kufaka okuthile yini ekufinyeleleni kwezinjongo, bese kunikeza ukubuyiswa ekuzalisweni nasenanini lemali.
Ikhasimende - lo mbono ubhekene ngqo nokukwazi ukwehulwa kwezinsiza kanye nokweneliseka kwekhasimende noma umhlanganyeli emiphumeleni yezinsiza; ibonisa ukuphendula, ukungabi nesikhathi, ukwethembeka, ukuqinisekisa kanye nozwelo ngokuqondene nowamukelayo ekwethulweni kwezinsiza. Ibandakanya futhi ukubonisa nokuhlukanisa ngezingxenye kwendawo yezinsiza kanye nokulinganisa ukwenza ngemfanelo kwenhlangano kulezo zingxenye okubhekenwe nazo.
Umbono wokuhlela (ibhizinisi langaphakathi) - Lo mbono ubhekene ngqo nezinqubo zangaphakathi ezisemqoka okumele umn8ikezeli wezinsiza enze ngokungaphezu kwazo ukufinyelela izinhloso zesu. Izinqubo zebhizinisi langaphakathi kumele zilunganise ukuba ngcono kokwenza okuqhubekayo ngokuphathelene nokukwazi ukwenza okuwumnyombo kwenhlangano kanye nokwazi kwayo ukwethula ngokwezinjongo zayo nokufinyelela ukwenelisa ikhasimende. Loku kuqhubeka kusho ukuthi umnikezeli wezinsiza kumele ahlele imvelo ukuze ihambisane nokuphendulela kokuphoqelelwa kwezinguquko.
Umbono wokuqamba nesiko lokufunda - inhlangano kumele isombulule imikhiqizo yayo kumakhasimende ukuze agcine ibanga nokuthuthukiswa okusha kanye nokufunwa kwezinsiza. Loku kuhambisana futhi nokuqhubeka nokwenza ngcono izinga lezinsiza elinikezwa abamukeli bezinsiza, ukuze ifaneleke, ibe nempumelelo nokusebenza ngemfanelo, nokuthi ihambisana nebanga lokuguquka kwezidingo zomphakathi owusizayo. Loku kusho imibandela yokuqeqesha kanye nokuhlomisa abasebenzi ngobuhlakani ukuze bakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi abayinikeziwe, bathuthukise ukwenza okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuqhubekisa ukufunda nokukhula okuhleliwe.
Ingxenye esemqoka yokuphatha nokuhlola izawube ihlose izehlo zokulungisa ezizosetshenziswa kuzehlakalo lapho kutholakala khona ukuntuleka kanye nokungalandeli umthetho.
Ukulandela umthetho, izinqubomgomo kanye nokuza phambili okufanele, imiyalo yempilo namazinga nezinqubo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimali ezinikeziwe zisetshenziswa ngokwezinhloso okuvunyelwane ngazo kukontileka.
Ukubheka ukuthi ukuphoqelela kwenguquko kuyalandelwa yini.
Ukuqhubekisa izifanekiso zokwenza okungcono kakhulu.
Ukuthola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuzibandakanya okulingene kwendlalifa, umhlanganyeli kanye nomphakathi ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo senhlangano (ukubusa) izinqubomgomo nokwethula izinsiza.
Ukuhlola ukusetshenziswa kwesu lokuphatha lokwehluka kwenhlangano.
Ukuhlola ukuthi inhlangano inalo yini uhlelo oluxhaswayo.
Umnikezeli wezinsiza kumele aphathe ukusebenmza kwakhe ngemfanelo, ngokuhlanganyela nezindlalifa zakhe, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwethulwa kwezinsiza ezisezingeni elifanele. UMnyango uzosebenzisa lolu lwazi njengengxenye yokuphatha inqubo yokuphatha nokuhlola.
Umnyango unelungelo lokwehlisa, ukumisa noma ukuqeda ukuxhasa ngezimali weseka ngokuhlolwa okuphathelene nokungalandeli imibandela yekontileka.
Izimo ngokuphathelene nokudlulisa izimali noma isabelo kungalandelwanga.
Izinhloso okuvunyelwene ngazo zingafinyelelwa.
Inkokhelo edluliswayo noma isabelo ayinikeze isilinganiso semali ngokuqhathanisa nezinhloso nezinjongo zayo.
Kuzehlakalo lapho ukuxhaswa ngezimali kucatsangwa ukuthi kwehliswe, kumiswe noma kuqedwe uMnyango uzakwenza ngokulandela izidingo zokuphatha ubulungisa njengomthetho jikelele.
Ukunikeza isaziso esifanele sohlobo nenhloso yesenzo sokuphatha esiphakanyisiwe.
Ukunikeza ithuba elinomqondo kumnikezeli wensiza ukuthi enze ukuzethula.
Ukunikeza isitatimende esicacile sesenzo sokuphatha.
Ukunikeza isaziso esiphelele sanoma yiliphi ilungelo noma ukubuyekezwa noma ukulamula kwangaphakathi, lapho kufaneleke khona.
Nikeza isaziso esiphelele selungelo lokucela izizathu.
Ukwehliswa, ukumiswa nokuqeda kuzakuba esikhathini esiningi ezikhathini eziningi zizawuholwa nwukuxhumana ngomzamo wokwenza ukuthi umnikezeli wezinsiza alungise isimo. Kodwa, kwezinye ukwephula umthetho kungaba nzima kakhulu kubangele ukuthi ukuxhaswa ngezimali kumiswe ngokushesha, unomphela noma okwesikhashana.
Ukungalandeli izidingo zokungeniswa kwemibiko ebekiwe kufakwa nezitatimende zezimali.
Imibango ingaba khona ngezinye izikhathi ngezindaba eziphathelene nokuqonda kanye nokusetshenziswa kwenqubomgomo, okufaka ukuhlolwa kanye nokuhlola izinhlelo nezinsiza, ukukhetha nokunikeza imithombo kubanikezeli bezinsiza, kanye nokwehlisa, nokuyekisa kanye nokuqeda umklomelo wezimali. Ukuzethula ngokubhala kungenziwa kuziphathimandla zesigungu. Inqubo ngokuphathelene naloku ichazwe ngokugcwele kumihlahlandlela yenqubo.
ukuxhumana ngokuthuthuka nokusetshenziswa kwezinqubomgomo namasu omnyango.
Ukuxhumana kuzokwenziwa ngaphakathi kohlaka olugubnyazwe NguMnyango njengoba kuboniswe emthethweni ofanele, imibandela yenqubomgomo, ukunikezwa kwebhajethi kanye neziqondiso zamasu.
Inqubo yokuhambisa ehambisana nalenqubomgomo izokwenziwa bese inikezelwa ngokugcwele ngaphansi kwekhava ehlukile. Izifundazwe zingathuthukisa imihlahlandlela yenqubo yokusebenzisa inqubomgomo. Loku kumele kufundwe ngokuhambisana kanye nanjengengxenye yalenqubomgomo.
Kuqaphelwe ukuthi okwamanje yomibili iminyango yesifunda nekazwelonke ayinako ukuhlakanipha kokusebenzisa nokwenza lenqubomgomo. Umnyango ngakho-ke uzodingeka ukuba wakhe ukuhlakanipha kwezinhlangano kanye nezinhlelo kuwo womabili lawa mazinga.
Igunya lomuntu ozobhekana nezinhlelo zamaklayenti, anabandla okuiphatha, abeseka ngezimali kanye nezikhungo zikahulumeni ezicacile kuzinsiza eziyizinhlobo nezingamazinga ezinikezwayo, ukuhlukanisa nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo kanye nokufinyelela izinhloso.
Izitatimende zezezimali ezixilongwe ngumcwaningi mabhuku noma I-akhawuntenti erejistiwe eziboniso isimo sezezimali senhlangano ngokulandela izimiso zezama-akhawunti ezivunywe jikelele.
Umuntu othola isabelo senhlalonhle noma ukusizwa ngesisetshenziswa sephrojekthi noma uhlelo.
Indlela yokusebenza okubhekiswe kuyo ukubikezela ngokuphathelene nemali eqongelelweyon esetshenziswayo kanye nezinye izindleko ngokuphathelene nezinsiza zangaphandle ngesikhathi esithile, kanye nemithombo yangempela nengaba khona yemali engenayo ezokwenziwa ngesikhathi ngasinye esifanayo.
Uhlelo olunemininingwane ephelele ephathelene nokuthi abanikezeli bezinsiza bazimisele ukunikeza izinsiza kanjani kubamukeli nokuthi imithombo isetshenziswa kanjani.
Imininingwane yezakhamuzi egcinwayo bese isetshenziswa njalo emuva kweminyaka emibili isetshenziselwa ukuhlela ingqalasizinda kanye nezinhlelo ezintsha.
Uma isithunzi somuntusethenjwa yilabo abamzungezile ukuthi enze imisebenzi yenhlangano noma isikhungo.
Izinhlangano eziqanjwe yizakhamuzi zasezweni ezifaka ezifana nezing3nzeli inzuzo, amaqembu okufundisa ukuzisiza kanye nezinhlangano, amaqembu asekelwe ngenkolo nawezinsiza, kanye nezinhlangano ezesekwa ngumphakathi.
Izinhlangano ezimiselwe ukufinyelela izidingo ezicacile zomphakathi futhi ezitholakala ngaphakathi kwemiphakathi eziyisebenzelayo.
Inqubo nendlela ehlose ekwengezeni ubuhlakani bemiphakathi ukuthi ibhekane nezidingo zayo bese zenza kangcono ubuhlakani bokuzithuthukisa, ngokusebenzisa ukuvivisa umphakathi, amasu asekwe ngamandla kanye nezinhlelo zokunikeza amandla.
Isivumelwano esisemthethweni ngaphakathi kwamaqembu ababili noma amaningi ukuthi benze imisebenzi yabo ngaphakathi kohlaka lo mthetho.
Umbhalo osemthethweni equkethe isitatimende esiyisisekelo, umbono, kanye nezinhloso ezibanzi zenhlangano. Ifaka zonke izinqubo kanye nemikhakha edingekayo yokubusa okungendlela efanele kanye nokusebenza kwenhlangano. Ngokuphathelene naloku ama-Trusts arejistiwe noma Izinhlangano (Foundations) loku kufaka i-Trust Deeds ngokulandela Umthetho Wokuphatha Impahla Yobuphatheli ka-1988, kanye nangokuphathelene Nezinkampani Zesigaba sama-21 ezirejistiwe, kanye Nendabambiko kanye Nama-athikili Enhlangano.
Isibopho seminyango yendawo, isifunda nekazwelonke ukwethula izinsiza ngokuhambisana nokuqalisayo kanye nezidingo njengoba kuchazwe kumthethosisekelo wezwe.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezenhlalonhle zesifundazwe noma sikazwelonke noma usonhlalonhle onesibopho sokunikeza izinsiza eziqondile nezingaqondile zezindaba zenhlalonhle. Loku kusho futhi kunoma yiliphi ihhovisi lomnyango elibekwe esifundeni, kudisitriki noma endaweni, lapho amahhovisi ekhona.
Ibhekana ngqo nokuvikela ezenhlalonhle, ukukhuliswa kwamandla obuntu kanye nokubonisa ukuzethemba kanye nokubamba iqhaza ekuthatheni izinqumo. Inhlalonhle yokuthuthukisa ezenhlalonhle zinokuqondile ngembangela nomphumela wokungalimazeki kwenhlalonhle kanye nokubekwa ekugcineni, kanye nokwethulwa kwezinsiza ezihlanganisiwe kumphakathi, imindeni nabantu abathelelwa yilesi sehlakalo.
Ukunikezwa kwemali kweminikelo evunyiwe yezinsiza zokuthuthukisa izindaba zenhlalonhle.
Lezo zinhlangano ezintsha emkhakheni wezokuthuthukisa kanye/noma olungakabi namandla anele kanye nemithombo yazo yokuthi zikwazi ukuzixhasa.
Ukwabelana ngemithombo ngaphakathi kwamaqembu amabili noma angaphezulu ngendlela eqinisekisa ukuthi izidingo zabababandlululwaq esikhathini esedlule zifinyelelwa ngendlela efanele ngenhloso yokufinyelela isidingo esifanayo.
Ukuhlolwa okuzimele kanye nokuhleliwe kwephrojekthi ukuze kufinyelelwe ukusebenza kwako ngemfanelo, nangempumelelo, amandla okuthelela kanye nokuxhaseka (ukufaneleka ngokuphathelene nezinhloso).
Ifaka indabambiko kanye nama-athikili okuhambisana kwenkampani, isivumelwano sobuphatheli, umthethosisekelo wonikeza isinsiza ofanelekile noma inhlangano eyenza ngokuthanda noma izinhlangano zikazwelonkwe.
Isamba semali esikhokhwa ngenyanga esivela ezimalini zomphakathi ukugcina umuntu kanye nezikhonzi zakhe ezifanelekile ngokulandela umthetho.
Ukuhlonishwa kokukhululeka kwesintu nokuyisisekelo njengoba kuchazwe NguMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika (ka-1996).
Inhlangano noma inkampani enomthethosisekelo noma imibhalo eyisisekelo futhi ezibhalise kusikhungo esithile.
Ukubizelwa umhlangano ophakathi kwabezepolotiki noma Izinhloko zikahulumeni nomphakathi ngenhloso eyodwa yokwaqbelana nokuxoxisana ngezindaba ezithelela umphakathi kanye nezwe.
Izinguquko ezinhle nezimbi eziveziwe, ngokuqondile nanmgokungaqondile, njengomphumela wephrojekthi noma uhlelo.
Emikhakha miningi kuneyisu eliqondile lokwethula izinsiza.
Iminyango ehlukile, izinhlangano kanye namabhizinisi afakele okuthile ngokusebenzisana ukuze anikeze izinsiza ngokugcwele ezihlose ukubhekela izindingo zezindlalifa.
Lezi zinhlangano akuzona izinhlangano zikahulumeni futhi zinikeza izinsizakalo okokuqala ezithandwa ngumphakathi.
Izinhlangano ezizimele, amabandla, abaphatheli, izinkampani noma ezinye izinhlangano zabantu ezisebenza ezingeni lendawo, lesifunda noma likazwelonke ukunikeza izinsiza kodwa ezingahlose ukuzuza, kodwa ezihlose ukusiza umphakathi. Imali engenayo kanye nezinzuzo zempahla yonke azihlukaniselwa amalungu azo noma abaphethe izikhundla ngaphandle kwenkokhelo yensizakalo eyethuliwe enomaqondo. Lezi zinhlangano kungenzeka ukuthi zibhalisiwe noma azibhalisiwe ngokulandela Umthetho Wezinhlangano Ezingenzi Nzuzo, (Umthetho weNo- 71 ka-1997), Umthetho Wezenhlalonhle Kazwelonke, (Umthetho weNo.-100 ka-1978) noma yinoma yimuphi omunye umthetho wezenhlalonhle ohambisa uhlobo lwezinsiza.
Ibandla elikhethwe ngokomthetho elimele izindlalifa njengenhlangano yomthetho..
Iqembu labantu abazimisele abakhethiwe noma abamenywe ngokuzithandela ukunikeza ubuholi nokuhlahla kanye nokuphatha izindaba zobuholi bomthethosisekelo we-NPO. Ubulungu buzofaka abantu abanenhlanganisela yamakhono kanye nobuciko obudingwa yinhlangano.
Ukuhlola kwesikhashana noma okuqhubekayo kokusetshenziswa kwephrojekthi ngokwayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okufakwayo, imisebenzi kanye nokuphumayo nezimpawu zangaphandle zihamba ngendlela okiuhlelwe ngayo.
Isibopho esihlanganyelwe sikahulumeni, imiphakathi yezwe, kanye nesigaba sezamabhizinisi ukwethula izinsiza.
Isikhathi emuva kobandlululo sachithwa kwase kumiswa umbuso omusha okuwona imithetho kanye nezimiso zentandoyeningi zaba yingxenye ewumnyombo kahulumeni omusha njengoba kubekwe ngumthethosisekelo wezwe.
Amakhaya, abantu ngabanye kanye/noma amaqembu aphila ngaphansi komugqa wobuphofu, kanye nabantu abahluphekayo abangenayo imithombo yokufinyelela izinselele zempilo kanye nezidingo eziyisisekelo.
Iminikelo evela kubantu /kuzinhlangano noma izinkampani ezisebenza ngokungeyeme kuhulumeni.
Iqembu lamaphrojekthi ahlobene oma izinsiza ezibhekiswe ekufinyeleleni izinhloso ezicacile (esikhathini esiningi ezifanayo noma ezihlobene).
Isinqumo esihleliwe esifaniselwe ukufinyelele izinhloso ezithile ezicacile ngaphakathi kwebhajethi enikeziwe ngangesikhathi esicacisiwe.
Iminikelon evela emphakathi ngobubanzi bawo.
Imali engenayo eyenziwe yinhlangano ngayinye.
Umuntu ngamunye, izinhlangano kanye namaqembu anikeza izinsiza zenhlalonhle ezingeni lendawo, lesifunda nelikazwelonke kubantu ngabanye, amaqembu kanye nemiphakathi ukuze bakhulise ukusebenza kwabo kwezenhlalonhle. Abanikezeli bezinsiza bangafaka: othisha, osonhlalonhle, abasebenzi abangabanakekeli bezingane nentsha, onesi, amaphoyisa, njll.
Isigaba esiqukethe abasebenzi abethula izinsiza zezindaba zenhlalonhle kuqala ezihambisana nokuthuthukisa umphakathi.
Ukwephuka noma ukwehla kobuhlobo bokusebenzisana emphakathini ozibona ungakwazi ukuxhasa izinga elivumelekile lokusebenza kwezenhlalonhle.
Ibhekana ngqo nezinsiza ezibanzi neziqukethe okuningi eziphathelene nezindaba zenhlalonhle kanye nokuthuthukisa umphakathi okunikezwe kukuqondisa ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanganisa nokuxhasa imizamo yokungena phakathi.
Insiza yezezimali enikezwa nguhulumeni njengeholo lokwengeza kuma-NPO ukuze athenge izinsiza zawo.
Izinga izikhungo ezizoqhubeka ngalo ukufinyelela inhloso emva kokuphela kokusizwa kuphrojekthi.
Iqembu elicacile elizozuza kuphrojekthi noma uhlelo olwenziwayo.
Okungaba ngumnikezeli wempahla kanye/noma izinsiza.
Inqubo ehlanganisa ngokukhethekile izinhloso zezomnotho kanye nezenhlalonhle. Ipjinda futhi ibonelele ubumqoka bokuthuthukisa ezomnotho nezenhlalonhle ekukhuphuleni amazinga okuphila kodwa kuphinde kufune ukukhuphula ngokusebenzayo ukuthuthukisa ezomnotho ngezinhloso zezenhlalonhle.
Isamba esibekelwe ukuseka ngezimali amabandla kazwelonke ukwenza umsebenzi othile bewenzela umnyango.
Inqubo yokuguqula izinhlelo zesakhiwo kanye nangendlela izinsiza ezithulwa ngayo ukuze kuhlonishwe amagunya omthetho nezinqubomgomo eziphathelene nokwesekwa ngezimali kwabanikezeli bezinsiza..
Umuntu opnikeza usizo emphakathini nakuzinsiza zawo, ukuhanjiswa noma izinhlelo zokucela usizo lwezimali ngaphandle kokuholelwa. Kodwa kwezinye izikhathi izindleko zemali ayikhiphe esikhwameni ziyaye zikhokhelwe yi-non-PO noma i-NGO, kwezinye izehlakalo iholo elincane linikezwa ivolontiya.
Abantu abanokuzwela nma abangaba sengozini yokunqwamana nezinkinga zenhlalonhle ngenxa yezimo zabo.
Izinhlangano ezinolwazi kanye nemithombo eyanele yokugcina nokweseka amalungu abo.
