
8 BONA XHOSA - August 1995

ABAFUNDI ABATSHA

amabhinqa angabamelwane ukuba azondinceda.
Kwakungekho zibhedlele ngelo xesha, kodwa babebaninzi abantu abakwazi ukubelekisa ababedumile ngobuchule babo. Kwinyanga yakho yokugqibela, amabhinqa ayakuthatha aye nawe emlanjeni apho afika ajonge ukuba indlela yosana ivulekile na. Xa ingavulekanga, athatha imela okanye ireyiza aze aluvulele indlela ngokusika kancinane.
Ndabeleka umntwana oyintombazana.

Ukubuya kukaGasa
Wathi umntwana xa egaqa, wabuya uGasa eRhawutini. Indlela endavuya ngayo akubuya naye wonwaba kukubona umntwana wethu. Ngelishwa, emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, umntwana wethu waba nomkhuhlane. Wamhlasela ngamandla. Sazama ukumseza amayeza, kodwa wasweleka. Zaba buhlungu gqitha iintliziyo zethu.

Ndaqonda ukuba akukho nto ndiyihlalele ekhaya. Ndaya kufuna
umsebenzi kwifama kaAllen . Ndawufumana umsebenzi khona. Wacaphuka uGasa akuva ukuba ndiyaphangela. Wandifuna wandifumana wandithatha wagoduka nam. Ndaqala kwakhona ukulandwa ekhaya ndiphinde ndilandwe nanguGasa.

Utata wayendilanda kusasa, uGasa andilande ngorhatya.
Ngenye imini, utata waya kuyixela le nto kumantyi waseMpendle. Umantyi wathi angaphindi andilande uGasa, de andilobole.

Kwanyanzeleka ukuba ndigoduke, kodwa ndasendikhulelwe kwakhona, ndaza ndazala inkwenkwe. Esayithiya igama lokuba nguBabo.

Ukusonjululwa kwengxaki
Kwafika iindaba ezimnandi ndakuzala uBabo. UdadeboGasa, uNomaningi, wayeza kutshata nomfana wakwa Zuma. Zathi zakuziswa iinkomo alotyolwa ngazo, wazithatha uGasa wazithumela ekhaya.

Ndagoduka okokugqibela, ndiyolungiselela umtshato wam. Kwakungathi ndiyaphupha. Sathenga impahla endiza kuthungelwa yona namaso neenkukho.

Yafika imini yokuba nditshate noGasa.







BONA XHOSA -August 1995


IMBALI

Ubukhoboka eKoloni
Ukwenza uphando kubalulekile xa sifuna ukufumana iinkcukacha ezibhekele phaya
ngembali. Sinokwazi njani ngezinto ezenzeka mandulo ekungekho bantu bazibonayo
okanye izinto ezabhalwa ngazo phantsi? Kule nyanga uTyhila Ufunde ubonisa
abafundi beBanga lesi-5 nelesi-6 indlela yokukwenza oko! Sikwenza oko
ngokuqwalasela ubukhoboka eMzantsi-Afrika.

Uyazi ukuba abantu abaninzi abahlala eMzantsi-Afrika namhlanje banezinyanya ezazingamakhoboka eKoloni ? Abantu abaninzi bayamangaliswa yiloo nto. Amakhoboka ayelandwa anjenge Angola, Malasia naseSri Lanka . Singazifumana njani ezinye iinkcukacha ngale mbali xa yenzeka kwiminyaka engama-300 eyadlulayo?

Ukuqokelela ubungqina
Buncinane ubungqina obufumana xa uphanda ngembali yezinto ezenzeka kudala. Zithathu izizathu zoko:
• izinto ezenzekayo zalityalwa. Ubungqina busenokuba batsha, balahlwa okanye balahleka.
• zazingekho iikhamera okanye iifoto eziya kugcina ubungqina bezinto ezazisenzeka.
• babembalwa abantu ababekwazi ukubhala, ngoko zazimbalwa izinto ezibhalwayo. Le mibhalo yayidla ngokuba nomkhethe kuba wawufumana ukuba izizimvo zombhali wayo.

Oko kwenza kube nzima ukufumana ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kanye. Phofu ke zininzi iindlela onokufumana ngazo ubungqina. Masijonge indlela ababufumana ngayo ubungqina ababhali bembali xa babephanda ngobukhoboka eKoloni .



Umthombo 1: Icatshulwe kwiNcwadana eyabhalwa nguJan van Riebeeck
2 Aprili 1954
Andifuni ukusebenzisa amajoni noomatilose bethu kwimisebenzi yolimo nokubamba iintini zolwandle. Kuziindleko ezinkulu oko. Abantu balapha abafuni ukuzisebenzela. Kuya kudla imali encinane ukuziswa kwamakhoboka apha

17 Aprili 1958
Yimini entle. Sivule isikolo samakhoboka
angamadoda nawasetyhini asebenza kule
nkampani avela eAngola. Injongo yesi sikolo kukufundisa amakhoboka ulwimi lwesiDutch nokholo lobuKrestu . Oko kuya kuwenza ayiqonde
yaye ayithobele imiyalelo esiwanika yona.




10 BONA XHOSA - August 1995 IMBALI


Umthombo 2:
Iincwadi
Kuphela kweleta ekhoyo le eyabhalwa likhoboka laseKoloni . Ibhalwe ngesiBuginese, ulwimi oluthethwa ngamanye amakhoboka aseEast Indies . Umbhali wale leta uxelela umhlobo wakhe ukuba ubengaphilanga, ngoko ubengenako ukumtyelela. Uhambisa athi onke amakhoboka angamaBuginese makamanyane yaye ancedane kwimeko akuyo ebuhlungu yokuba ngamakhoboka.

Umthombo 2: Uphando Ngemvelaphi
Ii-Archeologist ngabantu abaphanda ngeendawo ezazihlala abantu. Akunakwenzeka ukuba abantu bangashiyi nto ibonisa ukuba bakhe bahlala kuloo ndawo bakuyo. Izinto ezinjengeendlela, iindonga zezakhiwo ezidala nezinto eziyinkunkuma ezasalayo. Oko kunika umkhondo ngabantu ababehlala kuloo ndawo.

Ngo-1991, Ii-Archeologist saseUniversity of Cape Town ezaziphanda ngobukhoboka zaqala ukomba izinto ezashiyeka kwifama ekufuphi naseSomerset West . Igama lale fama yiVergelegen yaye kwakuyekaWitlem van de Stel , uMlawuli weCape Colony ukususela ngo-1699 kuse ku-1707.
Iqela lee-Archaeologist lafumana imali endala, imibhobho emidala kunye nebhola yenkanunu. Ngaphantsi komhlaba kwindawo eyayihlala amakhoboka bafumana namathambo omntu. Bacinga ukuba loo mathambo kwakungawekhoboka elilibhinqa elasweleka lineminyaka emalunga namashumi amahlanu. Amazinyo akhe ayebonisa ukuba ungumntu owayitya kakhulu intlanzi kanti ekutya kancinane ukutya okunesitatshi . Bamthiya igama lokuba nguFlora .

Umsebenzi 1
Ngokusebenzisa yonke le mithombo ingasentla, bhala imbali emfutshane ngobukhoboka. Ngaba le mithombo ikunika iinkcukacha ezaneleyo? Yeyiphi enye indawo onokufumana iinkcukacha kuyo?

Imibhalo yenkundla
Njengoko ufumene kwimithombo yangaphambili, amakhoboka ayephethwe kakubi gqitha. Ayemaninzi amatyala ngenxa yoko. Nangona ikhoboka nomnini walo babenako ukumangala enkundleni, iinkundla zazidla ngokutyekela ngakubanini bamakhoboka.

Ngexesha lamakhoboka kwakubhalwa phantsi okutshiwo kwiinkundla zamatyala. Imibhalo yamatyala amakhoboka nabaphathi bawo agcinwe kwithala leencwadi elilodwa eKapa ekuthiwa yiCape Archives .

Le mibhalo yeenkundla iyimithombo eluncedo xa ufuna inkcukacha ezithile
ngamakhoboka. Makhe sijonge ityala libe linye sibone ukuba
singafunda ntoni:

Ngoku phendula le mibuzo ilandelayo.
Kubhetele le mibuzo uyixoxa nabahlobo bakho ukuze sifumane izimvo ezahlukeneyo.




BONA XHOSA - August 1995 19

ABANTWANA ABANCINCI

Ungumzali, umakhulu, okanye umgcini wabantwana? Funda eli candelo
labantwana ukuze ukumane amacebo okubagcina kakuhle abantwana.
Benzise izinto ezininzi! Baya kufunda lukhulu bonwabe nokonwaba!


Ukufaka Umbala Nokuzoba


Abantwana bafunda lukhulu xa besoloko begcinwe bexakekile. Njengabazali nabagcini babantwana siba nalo ixesha elaneleyo lokudlala imidlalo okanye elokubafundela amabali. Kodwa zikho izinto abathandayo ukuzenzela bona - njengokufaka imibala, ukuzoba nokwenza izinto ngentlama. Wena qinisekisa ukuba banazo izinto zokwenza
oku.
Umxholo 20
 Ukufunda ngobuchule
Abantwana abaninzi bayathanda ukukubonisa into abazenzele bona ngokwabo. Amaxesha amaninzi kudla ngokuba yimigca emininzi okanye imibala efakwe ephepheni. Kodwa xa umntwana esenza into, uyafunda nokufunda.
Okufundwa ngumntwana
Umntwana unokufunda izinto ezininzi ngokwenza izinto ezilula azicingele yena. Ukuzoba, ukufaka umbala, nokudlala ngentlama kuya kubenza:
• zikhule izihlunu ezandleni naseminweni yabo. Oko kunokubanceda balungele ukuya
esikolweni apho baya kufunda ukubhala;
• baqonde ukuba mininzi imibala eyahlukeneyo namagama emibala eyahlukeneyo;
• kubafundisa ukuma kwezinto ezahlukeneyo;
• kubenza bazazi zinto ezikufutshane nabo, benze izinto abazibonayo bakwazi nokusebenzisa amandla abo okuyila engqondweni;
• bacinge bakwazi nokwenza izigqibo.



20 BONA XHOSA - August 1995


ABANTWANA ABANCINCI


Izinto Onokuzenza

Ukuzoba Nofufaka Umbala

Udla ngokubazi ubudala bomntwana ngokujonga into ayizobileyo okanye ayifake umbala. Umntwana udla ngokukwazi ukubamba ipensile xa eneminyaka emithathu kodwa angakwazi ukuzoba umfanekiso obonakalayo. Uya kuya efunda xa seneminyaka emine ukuya phezulu.

Bancome abantwana bakho xa bekubonisa izinto abazenzileyo! Oko kuya kubakhuthaza. Nazi zinto ezonwabisayo onokuthi abantwana bakho mabazenze! Sikubonisa nendlela neendawo onokufumana kuzo izinto ezingabizi imali enkulu.

Izinto ekufuneka ube nazo
Iphepha
Iphepha liziindleko. Nanga amacebo okufumana iphepha elibiza imali encinane:

• Sebenzisa iimvulophu ezindala ezivuliweyo

• amakhadibhodi anokutya avuliweyo

• Cela ivenkile okanye iofisi ekufutshane nawe ikuphe amaphepha abangawasebenzisiyo

Ipeyinti

Unokuzenzela eyakho ipeyinti ngokuxuba iflawa namanzi. Ngokugalela amanzi amaninzi, iya kuba manzi ipeyinti yakho.
Zikhethele ukuba ufuna ijiye kangakanani. Ngokugalela into ejika ibala lokutya uya kwenza ipeyinti yakho ibe nombala owufunayo. Unako ukuthenga into yokujika ibala lokutya nakuyiphi na ivenkile okanye isuphamakethi .

Izinto zokuzoba nezokufaka umbala

• Umntwana wakho unokuqala ukupeyinta ngeminwe. Ngokuhamba kwexesha unokusebenzisa izinti neebhrashi .
• iikhrayoni neepensile 

Amacebiso omawukwenze
ukupeyinta ngeminwe

Xa abantwana beqala ukupeyinta , bayathanda ukuyiva nokudlala ngepeyinti . ukupeyinta ngeminwe yeyona ndlela ilula yokuqala ukupeyinta . Kufuneka
Ipeyinti ijiye. Mabathi nxu iminwe yabo epeyintini , bazoze kwiphepha okanye bafake umbala emfanekisweni owuzobileyo.

Imigcana egosogoso nejikelezileyo
Akufunda ukufaka umbala kwimifanekiso umntwana wakho, zama ukuzoba imigcana egosogoso kulo lonke iphepha. Mabafake umbala kwimingxuma.

Imizobo yezandla neenyawo
Abantwaba bakho mabathi nxu izandla zabo epeyintini baze bazibeke ephepheni. Banokwenza izandla ezahlukeneyo besebenzisa izandla neenyawo ezingafaniyo. Bakukwenza oko banokuthelekisa izandla neenyawo, baxele ezinkulu nezincinane.

Unokufundisa umntwana wakho ukuzoba nantoni na athanda ukuyizoba. Banokuchitha iiyure ezininzi bezoba bakuyeke wenze imisebenzi yakho. Khumbula ukuba Ipeyinti iyangcolisa ngoko kufuneka bafake umbala ngaphandle okanye ugqume yonk'into.



BONA XHOSA - August 1995 21

ABANTWANA ABANCINCI
Ukudlala Ngentlama
Njengoko ukupeyinta nokuzoba kunokufundisa abantwana izinto ezininzi, kunokubafundisa nokudlala ngentlama. Xa beqala baya kufunda ubuchule bokulawula izandla zabo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha baya kufunda ukuceba nokwenza izigqibo.

Indlela yokwenza intlama yokudlala

Unokuyithenga intlama yokudlala kanti kulula nokuyenza. Sebenzisa le resipi ingezantsi:
• 3 iikomityi zeflawa emhlophe
• 1 ikomityi yetyuwa
• 1 1/2 yekomityi yamanzi
• 1 itispuni yeoli

• into yokufaka umbala ekutyeni intlama yokudlala inokugcina abantwana bexakekile iiyure ezininzi. Xa beqala ukunikwa intlama yokudlala badla ngokonwabela ukuyihlaba nokuyibhuqa-bhuqa bengezi nto ngayo. Bayeke bakwenze oko ixesha elithile ngaphambi kokuba ubacebise izinto amabazenze.

Amacebiso ezinto
Abanokuzenza

Indoda
Qinisekisa ukuba unentlama yokudlala eyaneleyo enemibala eyahlukeneyo ukwenza le ndoda. Umzobo uya kukucebisa ngemibala eyahlukeneyo osenokuyisebenzisa. Umntwana wakho makakuncedise ekwenzeni le ndoda.

Inyathelo loku-1
Yenza intlama ibe yisoseji ende enkulu. Yenza iingalo ezimbini neengqakumba ezincinane zezandla. Yongenza iingqakumba ezimbini zeenyawo.
Inyathelo lesi-2
Yenza ingqakumba yentloko. Yenza ingqakumba encinane yempumlo. Yenza amehlo sebenzisa amaso xa unawo uze uzobe umlomo.

Inyathelo lesi-3
Ukuba uyathanda, unokuyenzela ibhanti indoda oyenze ngentlama. Ukuyigqibezela, sika imicwana yentlama engathi ziinwele uze uzincamathisele entloko.
Ngoku uyenzile indoda yentlama. Xa abantwana bakho bebadala unokuthi mabakhe ibhinqa ngokwabo. Jonga ukuba bayakwazi na ukulenza.


Kuzobe uJane Mqamelo






24 BONA XHOSA - August 1995

Utyhila Ufunde uza kusebenzisa eli khasi zonke iinyanga ukupapasha iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo zemfundo. Iinkcukacha eziza kupapashwa
zingemibutho, izifundo ezahlukeneyo nophengululo lweencwadi. Siyathemba ukuba ziza kuninceda iinkcukacha ezikhutshwe kweli khasi


Incwadi ethi How to APPLY for a Job yincwad yokuqa1a eshicelwe kwiincwadi zeButterworths HOW to Series . Njengoko negama lale ncwadi lichaza, Le ncwadi iluncedo ebantwini abafuna imisebenzi.

Iqala ngokukunika amacebiso ngokukhetha umsebenzi okufaneleyo nangokuphanda amathuba aloo msebenzi uwukhethiyo. Unikwe iindawo ezininzi kuyo onokuyuyicela uncedo ngemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Uninzi lwezi ndawo asikhange sizicinge kwaye oko kusenza sibe neendawo ezimbalwa.

Elona candelo liza kuba luncedo kakhulu ebantwini lelithetha ngokwenza isicelo somsebenzi. Oko kukucebisa ngokubhala incwadi nangokutsala umnxeba xa usenza isicelo somsebenzi. Kukho nendawo ekubonisa indlela yokubhala iCV . Kunzima ukufumana umsebenzi kwezi mini xa ungenayo!

Nangona le ncwadi iluncedo ebantwini abafuna umsebenzi, kuza kufuneka ube nalo ulwazi olungephi lwesiNgesi ukuze ube nako ukuyifunda. Le ncwadi iyafumaneka kwaButterworths nge-R22,80 .


Kushicilelo lwale nyanga lukaTyhila Ufunde siza kuphisa ngeencwadi ezili-10 ezithi How to Apply for A Job .
Ngenela Ukhuphiswano Lwabafundi kwikhasi lokuqala.

Ukubhalwa kwakhona kwembali!

INatal Worker History Project ( NWHP ) ngumbutho oqokelela imbali ebaliswa ngabantu oseUniversity of Natal eThekwini. Injongo yawo kukuphanda nokubhala imbali yabantu baseMzantsi-Afrika.

Kwiminyaka edlulileyo lo mbutho ubhale iincwadi eziliqela zesiNgesi nesiZulu. Ezo ncwadi ziquka ezingobomi beenkokeli ezidumileyo njengoMsizi Dube nezamabali amnandi abaliswa ngamaxhegokazi aseMpendle (Jonga ibali kwiphepha lesi-7).

Kutshanje lo mbutho ukhuphe iincwadi ezimbini ezintsha - ethi In the Line of Fire - Women and the Natal Violence nethi Gwingci.

Kuyo ubalisa ubomi bakhe, uthando nezinto ezamlahlekelayo. Nangona umxholo wezi ncwadi wahlukile, zibhalwe ngolwimi olulula yaye zikulungele ukufundwa nezinye iincwadi.

Xa ufuna ukuzi-odola okanye ukufumana ezinye iinkcukacha ngeNWHP, unokuqhagamshelana nayo kule dilesi : CILS , University of Natal , King George V Avenue , Durban okanye utsalele umnxeba kule nombolo (031) 260 1413.


Xa ufuna ukubhengeza izihlo okanye iinkcukacha ocinga ukuba iza kubanceda abafundi bethu, nceda
uyithumele kwiLook and Learn , PO Box 2925, Durban , 4001.
		-

		BONA XHOSA - August 1995 9

avela kwelinye ilizwe azosisebenzela.		yaye ayithobele imiyalelo esiwanika yona.

		BONA XHOSA - August 1995 9

avela kwelinye ilizwe azosisebenzela.		yaye ayithobele imiyalelo esiwanika yona.

20 BONA XHOSA - August 1995

Nifundiswa ngephepha likaMondi

22 BONA XHOSA - August 1995

	Iphepha lesi sihlomelo silipihwe ngabakwaMondi Paper

