



kubhiyozeIa umhla wokuzalwa kwakhe.
UMadiba wenze isihika-hika setheko labantwana abagogekileyo abangaphezu kwama-2 000 eHilton College KwaZulu-Natal, waya nakwisekisi okokuqala ebomini bakhe.
UMongameli Mandela ube nolukhulu uncumo xa ebephiwa umnqwazi wesekisi yiBoswell Wilkie Circus kwitheko lokubhiyozela umhla wokuzalwa kwakhe.







kubhale uKAREN JACKMAN kufote URAJESH JANTILAL noKAHEN JACKMAN









Njengoko uMadiba engumntu wabantu, uzame ukubulisa bonke abantwana ebenokufikelela kubo.






















E YONA ndoda ithandwayo nehlonelwayo eMzantsi-Afrika, uMongameli Mandela, ubhiyozele umhla wokuzalwa kwakhe kwindawo ayithandayo - engqongwe ngabantwana.
Eli theko alisayi kulibaleka ebantwaneni abangaphezu kwama-2 000 ebebevela kwiindawo ngeendawo zeli! Ugqibe iminyaka engama-78 ngomhla we-1 8 kuJulayi, kodwa uxakeke ngaphezu kwamadoda amaninzi aneminyaka esisiqingatha seyakhe.
Akadinwa kukusuka kwenye indibano aye kwenye, kwaye ubukho bakhe buyabonwabisa abantu abakunye naye.
Akakhange afumane thuba lakuphumla emva kohambo Iwakhe lwaseBritani naseFransi kuba ngomhla we-1 9 kujulayi ubekwazulu-Natal eye kwitheko labantwana.
Ugaleleke apho uMadiba ehamba ngehelikhoptha yoMkhosi woMoya enxibe ihempe enombala oqaqambileyo ehamba nomzukulu wakhe, uMbuso, wafika wachitha iiyure ezintandathu ehleli nabantwana abagogekileyo nabahlelelekileyo.
Okube ngumnqa kukuba eli theko belenzelwe kwisikolo sangasese sengcungcu zeli, iHilton College.
Ngale mini ingqele ibiqhaqhazelisa amazinyo yaye amabala esi sikolo aqhele ukudlala abantwana bezinhanha kuwo, Iibe yindawo yokudlala abantwana abahlelelekileyo.
Esi sikolo sikufuphi nasePietermaritzburg besinabantwana abahamba ngezitulo ezinamavili, abazizithulu, abaziimfama, abanye bahlala ezitratweni yaye abazange baya esikolweni. Bebeziswe ziibhasi besuka kwiindawo ngeendawo zeli.
Phakathi kwabo bekukho noSimphiwe Hlongwa waseThekwini one-11 leminyaka onengxaki yokungaboni ngelinye iliso nokuba namagxa anenwebu phakathi kwawo ngenxa yofuzo. Ungunyana womthengisi, kwaye xa wayelusana wayehlala nonina kwindlu yangasese embindini waseThekwini.
UJabulani Mdunge one-18 leminyaka wangxwelerheka unomphelo xa kwakudutyulwa esikolweni owayefunda kuso kwiminyaka emine edlulileyo ubengomnye wabantwana abenzele








BONA XHOSA - September 1996 15
UMadlba ephethe ikhadi elikhulu
Iokubhiyozela	umhla wokuzalwa kwakhe aliphiweyo.
UMadlba enikwa isipho kwitheko lokubhiyozela umhla wokuzalwa kwakhe aliphiweyo.

UMadiba nabanye abantwana abagoge kileyo.



uMadiba imibongo. Nakubeni ubebonakala eneentloni uthe unqwenela ukuba yimbongi enjengoMzwakhe Mbuli.
Bekukho yonke into ethandwa ngabantwana kweli theko. Bekukho abantu abahlekisayo, umculo, umdaniso, abantu abenza imilingo, iibhaluni nemidlalo.
Nangona amaxhego ethanda ukuphumla xa semadala, uMadiba ubehamba-hamba ngokungathi yindoda esentsha. Engqongwe ngabakhuseli bakhe namapolisa, amawaka-waka abantu ebebemnqwenela ubomi obude nentlaninge yeentatheli ebezizama ukusondela kuye. Njengoko engumntu wabantu, uzame ukuxhawula bonke abantwana abenokufikelela kubo.
Naxa kunjalo isidlo selantshi besilungiselelwe abantu bomgangatho
J

ophezulu yaye sesona sicJle ixesha elininzi laIe mini.
lindwalutho zaseHilton College neenkokeli zepolitiki zithe nqwadalala, uMandela wenza intetho.
'Siyaqoncia ukuba zininzi
izinto ezifanele zenzelwe abantwana abagogekileyo -izinto eziya kwanelisa iimfuno zabo, eziya kuqinisekisa ukuba nabo bayinxalenye yoluntu abahlala nalo.
Abantwana
abahlelelekileyo abalapha namhlanje ngabo bangakhalelwayo
nabangancedwayo luluntu ngokufanelekileyo.
Ndiyathemba bonke abantu baseMzantsi-Afrika baza kukwenza uxanduva lwabo ukunceda abantwana nokuba babanika uncedo
olungakanani na.
Le mini iqukunjelwe
ngokuba anikwe ikeyiki enkulu yokubhiyozela umhla
wokuzalwa
nomnqwazi
wesekisi.
UMadiba uwavuthele kalithoba ukuze acime amakhandlela angama-78 ebekwikeyiki yakhe, nto leyo ibonisa ukuba usomelele!
Emva koko untingele ejohannesburg apho ebesiya kwenye indibano ebimfuna.







neebell-bottom. Amabhinqa ayeqaba iilipstick ezibomvu, enxiba iiwigi, izihlangu ezichophileyo, impahla ebhambayo, izikhanyisi-lusu (iPonds nekaroo) neekhostyum zeBoleso neejezi.

Emculweni iimvumi ezaziphambili yayingooDolly Rathebe, Mirriam Makeba, Thandi Klaasen, Spokes Mashiane, Ntemi Pitso, Kippie Moeketsi, Nathan Dambuza Mdledle neManhattan Brothers, Peter Rezante neMerry Blackbirds, i-lnk Spots, uZuluboy Cefe neJazz Maniacs, iTrevor Huddlestone Band ekwakucuta uHugh Masekela noJonas Gwangwa, noCharles Mama neSerenades. Ngelo xesha kwakuthandwa umculo weJazz, iBlues



Mandikukhumbuze
Ezika-1956
nasemva koko...
Unyaka	Eyaqala Ngawo iBONA Ukushicilelwa
kubalisa uDAIZER MQHABA
















Unyaka ka-1 956 - unyaka wokuxhathisa kwabantsundu; unyaka wokucalulwa ngamandla kwabantu ngokobuhlanga; unyaka wempucuko yabantsundu; kwakhona yayingunyaka wokuzingca ngokuba ngumntu ontsundu. Loo nyaka wawulandela unyaka wecongress of the People eyamkela ngawo iFreedom Charter eKliptown. Ezingemnandi zaloo nyaka kukuba uNelson Mandela nezinye iinkokeli babanjwa babekwa ityala lokungcatsha umbuso (High Treason).

Ngaloo nyaka amadoda ayethe phithi yiminqwazi yeStetson, iDobbs, iBostonian, iDorian neBorsalino. Usayikhumbula intetho yakudala ethi:
IStetson phantsi (izihlangu); iStetson phezulu (umnqwazi); icigar emlonyeni (umdiza) neMpalampala (iChevrolet Convertible) ngaphandle! Ngaloo nyaka zazithandwa neemoto ezintle ezibalekayo ezinjengeBuick, iStudebaker, iChrysler, iCadillac, iOldmobile, iPlymouth neFord V-8!

Kwizinto zokunxiba, amadoda ayethanda iCrockett & Jones, izihlangu zepeppa ezitsolo ngaphambili, iisuti eziziidouble-breast, iindondo ezimnyama, iidyasi ezinde, iintonga zokusimelela, iibhulukhwe ezinkulu
neswing...

Kwakungunyaka wamanenekazi ayeziqhayisa ayebizwa ngokuba ngoo-'S'cuse Me'. Kwakukho nabantu abasemgangathweni ophezulu, 'ii-Royal Readers' nabantu ababesoloko befuna ukuxhoma umgangatho (iiHigh Societies ukutsho). Ngelo xesha wawuba yi-clever okanye i-moegoe (umxhaka). Kwakufuneka ukhethe icala oza kuba kufo kula maqela amabini. Kwakungekho mntu wayebaphakathi nendawo.

Ulwimi olwafuthethwa lwalususela kwi Tsotsie taal (ingxubevange yesiBhulu, isiNgesi nesiNtu) kuse kwisiNgesi esiphambili. Abantsundu kwakucacile ukuba abayiginyi into yokwenziwa babe kumgangatho ophantsi ngenxa yocalucalulo Iweentlanga. Babelinganisa abantu abantsundu baseMelika phantse kuyo nantoni na - ukususela kwindlela yokuthetha, indlela yokunxiba, bethanda neemoto ezinkulu ezintle ababeziqhuba. lindawo ezinjengeAlexandra (iDark City) neSophiatown (ikofiti okanye iSoftown) wawungathi zilokishi zaseMelika. Nkqu nolwaphulo-mthetho lwamaqela lwalufana nolwaseMelika. Kwakukho iMsomi Gang, iSpoilers, namaqela
UKen Gampu esemncinane enxibe
umqwazi
oyiDorian owawutha-ndwa gqitha ngaloo minyaka.
amancinane ezaphuli-mthetho zamaNdiya nabeBala. Ngelo xesha, ukuhlawula nokuqokelelwa Kwemali Yokukhuselwa' (Protection fee) ngamaqela ezaphuli-mthetho kwakuyinto yemihla ngemihla. Wakukhetha phakathi kokuhfawula, uthule uze uqhubeke nokuphila okanye wale ukuhlawulwa uze weqiswe amafu'

Ngaloo minyaka wawungumntu omkhulu xa uyi-Royal Reader yaye babebaninzi ababezama kangangoko benako ukuze nabo babalwe nezifundiswa. Loo nto yayisenza kube yifashoni ukuthenga amaphepha-ndaba, nkqu nangabantu abangafundanga. Kwakuyinto eqhelekileyo ukubona amadoda namabhinqa anxibe kakuhle kwiibhasi noololiwe abazeleyo befunda amaphepha-ndaba bewagqwethile (upside down)!

limagazini ezaziphambili ngaloo minyaka kwakuyiDrum neZonk ezazibhalwa ngesiNgesi. Amaphepha-ndaba esiNgesi kwakuyiBantu World (amanye amanqaku ayebhalwa ngolwimi lwabantsundu), iRand Daily MaiI ne The Star. Abantu abathanda iindaba zolwimt lwabo lwenkobe babefunda IMVO Zabantsundu









Ngaba ngenene sasiyintlekisa? Nguwe oza kwenza isigqibo! I




Ezi ziCrockett & Jones ezinemibala emibini
ezazinxitywa
zingcungcu.


y
Iisuti eziziidouble-breast ezisefashonini kule mihla zazithandwa nangeminyaka yoo-1950, njengoko uyibona inxitywe nguMadiba esemtsha neqabane lakhe, uPeter Nthite (Bafotwa nguPeter Magubane).
(esisiXhosa) neLANGA Lase-Natali (elisisiZulu).

Kwezemidlalo ayemabini amaqela ayephambili - kwakuyiOrlando Pirates neMoroka Swallows, iBush Bucks, iPretoria Home Stars, iRockvitle Hungry Lions, iAfrican Wanderers neZulu Royals - xa sibala nje ambalwa. Amanqindi kwakungomnye umdlalo othandwayo, qha iimbethi-manqindi zazixhelana ngaloo minyaka xa zisilwa!

Kungo-1956 apho inkampani yakwaPerskor yagqiba ekubeni ishicilele iBONA - imagazini yosapho eyayilungiselewe abantu abantsundu. lnjongo yokushicilelwa kweBONA yayikukwenza imagazini engazupolitika, eza kuba luncedo kubafundi bayo nelungele ukufundwa ngumntu wonke wosapho - ingakumbi abantu abangekho kumgangatho ophezulu ababengahoywa ngamaphepha-ndaba.

IBONA yayiza kubonisa iminqweno yabantsundu, izinto abazenzayo neenkolelo zabo. Yenziwa ngohlobo lokuba ithethe nabantu ize ikubhale abakutshoyo ngolwimi Iwabo. Yiloo nto eyenza ukuba ifumaneke ngeetwimi ezine.

Njengoko bendikhe ndachaza ukuba ngaloo minyaka kwakulixesha lempakamo kwabathile ababengafuni tu ukuthetha isiNtu phakathi kwabantu. Nangona yayiyintandane iBONA kwabantsundu abaninzi, yayijongelwa phantsi ngabantu abasemgangathweni. Njengoko kwakukho oo- clever nee-moegoe' ngelo xesha, xa ufuna ukuba nguclever nawe kwakufuneka ungaluthethi ulwimi IwesiNtu nabo. lkwaseso sizathu esenza banda oo-'Scuse me 'nabantsundu ababezenza amakhaladi. Oko kwakubangelwa nangumthetho wePass Laws, iGroup Areas Act neminye imithetho yocalucalulo.

IBONA yaqhubeka nokuzenzela igama kwabantsundu de kwasebutsheni beminyaka yoo-1 980 xa abakwaPerskor yathenga izabelo kwinkampani eyayishicilela iimagazini kusithiwa yiRepublican Publications. Ngokukhawuleza emva koko iBONA yatshintshelwa kule nkampani yayinempumelelo. Emva kweminyaka eliqela abakwaPERSKOA bayithenge ngokupheleleyo inkampani yakwaRepublican Publications baza bayitshintsha bayibiza ngokuba nguRepublican Press (RP). Oko kwaba
BONAXHOSA- neziqhamo ezihle kwIBONA kuba yaqala ukukhuphisana nezinye iimagazini, yaqala nokuhoywa ngabantu abebefudula bengenawo nomdla wokuva ngayo - nto leyo isaqhubekayo nangoku.

lmpumelelo yayo nayiphi na imagazini ikumanqaku ewabhalayo, indlela ewabhala ngayo nendlela acwangciswa ngayo kuyo. IBONA yaqala ukuzama ukuziphucula ezi zinto kuba iqonda ukusilefa kwayo ngasemva. Ukuphuculwa kwayo, ukubhala amanqaku anomdla nokungagungqi kwinkqubo yayo kwayenza iBONA yathengwa ngaphezu kweemagazini ebikhuphisana nazo!

Nanamhlanje iBONA iseyeyona magazini ithengwa kakhulu eMzantsi-Afrika nenezigidi ngezigidi zabafundi beentlanga ngeenttanga nabemibutho eyahlukeneyo yepolitiki. Amanqaku ayo angemfundo, ipolitiki noshishino, kanti enye into iBONA iyimagazini ethandwayo ziinkampani ezibhengeza iimveliso zazo neziyibona isenza ufuntu luzazi iimveliso zazo.

Kufe nyanga iBONA igqiba iminyaka engama-40, kanti eyona nto yenza iqhayiya kukuba emva kweminyaka engama-38 oko yaqala ukushicilelwa inabahleli abamhlophe, ide yabuyela kubaniniyo kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, njengoko ngoku inomhleli ontsundu. Oko bafundi kuthetha ukuba le magazini Yeyenu Ngokwenene. Ndiyathemba ukuba niza kuzibandakanya nathi ekubhiyozeleni esi siganeko, kwaye andithandabuzi ukuba abo babekho xa sasiqala ukushicilela le magazini baya kuzikhumbula ngolonwabo izinto zakudala. Mhlawumbi abo babengekabikho baza kusihleka bacinge
ukuba sasiyintlekisa.
Ezi zizihlangu zePeppa ezazitsolo ngaphambili
nezazithandwa
gqitha.













Babembalwa abantu ababecinga ukuba iza kuphumelela IBONA xa yayiqala ukushicilelwa ngo-1956. Yayibekwa amagxeke, uninzi lwee-high societies noo-S'cuse Meee's besithi yimagazini ephantsi. Eyona nto babengayiqondi kukuba le magazini iza kubalasela okukaSamson waseBhayibhileni. Intatheli nomhlalutyi wezolonwabo osengudiza-dala uDOC BIKITSHA wayekho kuloo minyaka, kwaye usibalisela ngayo...



Le inagazini ibhiyozela ukugqiba
minyaka engama-40 ishicilelwa kule nyanga. Ndandikho xa yayiqaliswa ukushicilelwa yaye ndikubona kuliwonga ukucelwa ukuba ndiyibhalele xa ibhiyoza.
Akuthandabuzeki ukuba ngendlela ebiqhuba ngayo kwiminyaka edlulileyo iseza kuba nempumelelo nakwiminyaka engama-40 ezayo! Injongo yokubhala kwam eli nqaku kukuba ndikubalisele ngezolonwabo zeBONA ukususela ngo-
1956.
Xa yayiqaliswa yayifumana arnagxeke amaninzi kwiimagazini ezazikhuphisana nayo okuba iza kutshabalala kungekudala. Eyona nto babengayazi abo bagxeki nabaprofethi babumini kukuba akunakuyazi into efunwa ngabantu. Ezinye zeemagazini ababezigwagwisa ngazo akukho nto yazo kanti ezinye azisabonwa nangetshengele. Zazingafundwa ngabantu, kodwa iBONA• eyathi gqi mva neyayibizwa ngokuba yimagazini yabantu abaphantsi ibe nempumelelo engummangaliso yaye ibhiyozela loo mpumelelo namhlanje!
Ndilusizi xa ndicinga ngezinye iintatheli ezaziyisebenzela nzima le magazini kwiminyaka edlulileyo. Akukho nto yanelisayo nevuselelayo njengokubona impumelelo yeqabane lakho.
Ngaloo minyaka zazivana iintatheli


Ulixhego elikre!ekrele namhlanje. U-Bra Doc wayengu- clever nomfo osemgangathweni ngeminyaka yobutsha bakhe. Abantu ababengabahlobo bakhe baquka uDolly Rathebe, uSophie Mgcina, uWinnie Mahlangu nabanye abantu abaphambili ababethandwa ngabantu.
14 BONA XHOSA - September 1996

1 8 BONA XHOSA - September 1 996

22 BONA XHOSA - Septembet 1Q5

