kufote uLIEZEL HANNEMANN

semfundo kumdodobalise angaqhubi kakuhle kumanqanaba aphezulu.
• Ukukhula ngokwasengqondweni akulula ukukubona ngokumvavanya umntwana, kodwa umntwana oxhomekeke kumgcini wakhe (ekudla ngokuba ngumntwana omdala kunaye okanye unina oselula) kumaphondo amkela abantwana beselula esikolweni, akanako ukumela amalungelo akhe eklasini apho abantwana abadala kunaye bedla ngokuqhitsa. Ukudibana nabantwana abangaziphathanga kakuhle kuyakuchaphazela ukukhula komntwana engqondweni noluvo lwakhe ngemfundo. Apho abanye abantwana bebadala kunabanye, badla ngokubagonyamela babaphathe gadalala abo bancinci kunabo, nto leyo yenza umonakalo ongenakulungiseka.
• Ukukhula kolwazi lokuqonda
kunexesha kuphononongwa. Yamkelwa jikelele ingcingane kaPiagetian yokuba abantwana bagqitha kwinqanaba lokumilisel ingqondo ezifundweni ukuya kwinqanaba lokujongana nezinto zobomi yaye bafunde ulwazi lokuqonda nokucinga. Kufuneka inkathalo ekumiseleni indlela yokufundisa, izinto abazifundiswayo nenqanaba ekutuneka bazifunde kulo. Abantwana abangekafikeleli kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo lokukhula baya kukruquka, bangakwazi ukufunda okanye ukumelana nezifundo zabo,
ULUVO LWE-SADTU NGALO MBA
lSouth African Democratic Teachers Union
(SADTU)
ayivumelani
ncam naloo mbono. l-SADTU ithi iminyaka yomntwana mayingabi yeyona nto iqwalaselwayo ukuba ukulungele na ukungena esikolweni, nokuba uya kuphumelela na, njengoko uphando Iubonise
ukuba xa umntwana eneminyaka emihlanu, sukuba sele ikhule nge-50% ukuya kwi-60% ingqondo yakhe. NgokweSADTU into ebalulekileyo kukuqinisekisa ukuba iminyaka yokuqala yomntwana isetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo. Kwaye njengoko iSebe IeMfundo tisithi Iiza konga i-R1 ,4 billion ebisetyenziswa kubafundi abancinane bakaGrade 1, iSADTU ithi Ioo mali ifanele isetyenziswe ekufundiseni abantwana abangekafikeleli kubudala bokungena esikolweni yaye ifanele •ibekho kuzo zonke izikoto zamabanga aphantsi. l-SADTU ikwakholelwa ekubeni ngokwamanani abafundi bakaGrade 1, uninzi lweetitshala zikaGrade 1 ziza kuphelelwa ngumseberizi kunyaka ka-2000.
Iguqulwe
Iminyaka
YOKUQALA
ISIKOLO
Umtheth omtsha welizwe uthi abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka esixhenxe abanakwamkelwa kuGrade 1 ezikolweni zikaRhulumente okanye ezixhaswa nguRhulumente ukususela ngojanuwari ka-2000. UPRIMROSE WILLI AMS uzama ukufumana isizathu sokwenziwa kwale nguqu
BONA XHOSA - February 2000 35
nto leyo inokuba neziphumo ezibi.
• Kukho abaphikisa ngelithi abantwana abaneminyaka emihlanu bakulungele ukungena esikolweni. Noxa kunjalo akho kuvumeiana kweli ukuba umntwana ukulungele nini na ukungena esikolweni. Nto leyo isekelwa zizinto esele ndizikhankanyile.

BONA: Le nguqu yomnceda ngani na umfundi?
Gqr. Madiba: Lo mthetho uzama ukuphucula imeko yabafundi abaqalayo. Ukwamkelwa kwabantwana abancinci kuxinanisa
amagumbi okufundela, ize netitshala ingabinako ukufikelela kubo bonke abafundi, ngakumbi abo basebancinci. Xa abantwana befundiswa phantsi kweemeko ezingabalungelanga bazifumanela iindlela zokuzikhusela okanye bangakwazi ukumelana nazo. Umthetho omtsha ukhusela abantwana abanjalo, u kwaqinisekisa nokuba bakhule ngokwaneleyo banako ukumelana nokufunda. Ngaphezulu, umntwana okrelekrele nongene ekubudala obufanelekileyo esikolweni ukufumana kumnandi ukufunda kunokuba kube ngumthwalo yaye mancinane amathuba okuba
aphindibanga.

BONA: Izibekaphi na Ie nguqu iititshala zikaGrade 1? Gqr. Madiba: Ukwamkela abantwana abancinane esikolweni kuneziphumo zako. Ubalo olwenziwe liSebe leMfundo ngo-1998 lubonise ukuba kwamkelwa abantwana abangaphaya kwenanj kangange-166% kuGrade 1 ngenxa yokwamkelwa kwabafundi abangekafikeleli kubudala bokungena esikolweni. Babeyi-1 ,6 yezigidi abafundi bakaGrade 1. Phantse i-20% yabo ineminyaka emihlanu i-60% ineminyaka emithandathu. l-70% yabo yatshona kuGrade 1. lititshala kufuneka zifundise iiklasi eziphuphumayo kukuzala ngabafundi abancinane abafuna ingqwalasela ethe chatha yomntwana ngamnye ebebeya kungayifuni ukuba bebekhute ngokwaneleyo. lsiphumo soko kukuba zingabinakufundisa kakuhle iititshala ngenxa yoku kuzala kugqithisileyo kweeklasi okwandiswa nangabantwana abaphindayo.
Lo mthetho umiselwe ukunciphisa ukungasebenzi kakuhle okubangelwa kukwamkelwa kwabantwana abancinane ezikolweni nokunciphisa inkcitho kongelwe ezinye iimfuno zemfundo.
Ukumiswa kweminyaka yokuqala isikolo kuza konga malunga ne-3,5% yeendleko zemfundo. Njengoko kungoku nje imfundo isidla isixa-mali se-R40 billion ngonyaka, i-3,5% yaloo mali yi-R1,4 billion, mali leyo yaneleyo ukujongana neendleko zeCurriculum 2005 nazo zonke ezinye izinto eziyimfuneko kwicala lokuphatha, incede nakwezinye iindawo ezisilelayo.
Oko kunokuquka nokubonelela imfundo yabantwana abaselula abangekafaneli ukungena isikolo, ingakumbi kuiuntu oluhlelelekileyo, kodwa oko kuya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ekufanele zenziwe kuqala.
Ukuncipha kwenani labantwana abaqala isikolo kuya kunciphisa umthwalo weetitshala, nto leyo iza kwenza zifundise inani elilawulekayo labafundi, kuze oko kuphucule umgangatho wemfundo. *
OKUTSHIWO YI-TREE
UPam Picken weTraining & Resources in Early Education (ITREE) uyayingqinela iSADTU. Uphefumle wenjenje, Oyena ndoqo asikukuba umntwana ungena eneminyaka emingaphi na esikolweni, koko ngamava anawo - ulwazi lokuthetha nokufunda athe walufumana eminyakeni yakhe yokuqala. Xa enazo ezi zinto uya kukulungela ukumelana nokufindiswa esikolweni.
Xa sizimisele ukuba imfundo yethu ibe yelungiselelwe abantwana, abantwana mabangene esikolweni xa sele bekulungele ukuqala ukufunda, hayi kuba beneminyaka ethile. Abanye abantwana bakulungela ukuqala ukufunda beneminyaka emihlanu, ukanti abanye abakulungeli de babe neminyaka esixhenxe. Kungoku nje bayi-23% abafundi abatshonayo kuGrade 1 yaye abafundi abaninzi basiyeka isikolo bengafikanga nakuGrade 3 bengekakwazi ukufunda, ukubhala nokubala. Abantwana abaqala isikolo beneminyaka esixhenxe abazukuba nako ukumelana bhetele nokufunda ukugqitha aba bantwana sinengxaki ngabo xa bengakhange bafumane mfundo yabantwana abancinane.
Le nguqu yeminyaka yokungena esikolweni iza kongela urhulumente iRl ,4 billion. Ukuba urhulumente uzimisele ukuphucula umgangatho wemfundo eMzantsi Afrika - nto leyo ndiqinisekileyo ukuba uzimisele ngayo - kungani na ke le mali ingasetyenziswa ekuphuculeni umgangatho wemfundo yabantwana abangekafaneli ukungena esikolweni?
Namagumbi abafundela kuwo kufuneka alungiselelwe bona, alungele ukubanika imfundo esemgangathweni yaye alungele ukunceda kwiimfuno zomfundi ngamnye.

36 BONA XHOSA - February 2000
UTHINI NGALO MBANDELA?
Ngubu okuza kuphumelelisu imfundo yeihu kukuqala kwabantwana isikolo xa beminyaka isixhenxe okunye ukunikwa kwabo imlundo yahaniwuna abancinane? Sibhalele usixelele izimvo zakho kule dilesi:
80N4/Education Debate, Box 32083, Mobeni 4060.
lguqulwe lminyaka Yokuqala lsikolo
INKULUNGWANE kufanele ibe lixesha esijamelana ngalo
LE

ibe
nezobugcisa ezintsha, amathuba amatsha namathemba okunceda amawaba namawasakazi aseMzantsi Afrika be nokuseka iindlela zokuphila ezisemgangathweni. Okunye phakathi koku okubalulekileyo yimfundo - kodwa izikolo zethu kufuneka zivuthulule ulwaphulo-mthetho oluye Iwantinga nyakenye.
Iintlobo zolwaphulo-mthetho nobundlobongela obuye baqatsela
ezikolweni buquka ukuxulutywa ngamatye kweefestile, ukutshaya nokungeniswa kwentsangu, ubusela, ucalucalulo ngokobuhlanga nokunganyamezelani kwezenkcubeko, ukuxulutywa ngamatye kweetitshala nokutshintsha izikolo zibe ngamathafa amadabi nto leyo ehlanganisa kokubini iititshala nabafundi. Ngaba siza kukwazi na ukushenxisa ezi meko kulo nyaka wokuqala wesikolo kule nkulungwane entsha?
ezikolweni ngo-2000

lzifundo
Abantwana bethu ezikolweni ngaba baza kukwazi ukufunda bengaphazanyiswa kulo nyaka wenkulungwane entsha? Okanye iziphazamiso ezabikwa yiYizo ¥izo ziseza kuba mandundu? UTHEMBA NTSHINGiLA uyaphanda
ZOXOLO
38 BONA XHOSA - February 2000
Abaprofethi beenkxwaleko balingeka ekuthini mhlawumbi akunakuba njalo - ingakumbi njengokuba noko igazi Iisaqhuma kuba uYizo Yizo siza kumbukela kwakhona ngoseptemba. Unokuza kunye nesisongelo sokuba imeko yasekosovo njengoko waphawulwa njalo xa ulwaphulomthetho Iwaluqatsela iza kubuya kwakhona kwizikolo zaseMzantsi Afrika.
Ukususela xa u Yizo Yizo wavela kumabonakude abafundi bathande ukuwaphula umthetho beziindlobongela ezikolweni. Ubungqina bokuba uYizo Yizo unefuthe elinjani uye wangumbhalo ezilokishini nobalaseliswa kwiindonga zezikolo. Kodwa obengomnye wababhali balo mdlalo weqonga uAngus Gibson unenkolo yokubanenjongo zalo mdlalo ibikukuzisa ucwangco ezikolweni - kungekhona ulwaphulo-mthetho nobundlobongela.
Uthe: Thina asiboni iziqendu zalo mdlalo zibe negalelo elimandla kulwaphulo-mthetho ezikolweni. Phambi kokuba udlalwe kumabonakude siqale senza uphando. Uphando ludiza ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho lwalusele lukho.
lziqendu zethu zokuqala bezijoliswe ekuziseni ucwangco ezikolweni. Sinikwe intsabelo yababukeli asithandabuzi ukuba ezi ziqendu ziyifezile injongo yazo yokuzisa ucwangco nengqalelo kwiingxaki esezigquba.
Kwiziqendu zesibini uGibson uthi zizama ukukhulisa imba!uleka yokufunda ezikolweni. Uphando !wamvanje ngokokutsho kukaGibson ludize ukuba kukho iingxaki zokufunda kumabanga.
Iziqendu zokuqala zika Yizo Yizo zibonise uMzantsi Afrika ngendle!a engazange ichazwe ngayo kumabonakude. Asimele sibe neentloni ngako oku. Kwinkoliso yeemeko isiphithiphithi sibakho kunye neenguqu, utshilo uGibson esongeza enethemba lokuba ulwaphulo-mthetho luza kuthotha kule nkulungwane intsha.
Likho ithemba kuba okujikeleza lo mdlalo weqonga kuquka iintlobo ngeentlobo zabantu njengorhulumente, imibutho elwela ama!ungelo eetitshala, imibutho yabazali nabafundi ukuba iphande zonke inendlela zokushenxisa ulwaphulo-mthetho ezikolweni.
lcongress of South African Students, ngokomzekelo, ilontshe iphulo apho amalungu alo atyelela amakhaya neendawo zentselo ukuze kubuyiselwe iimpahla zikarhulumente ezithathwe eztkolweni nakumaziko emfundo. UMbuso Ngubani ongunobhala walo mbutho KwaZulu Natal uthi iMazibuye Campaign iza kubangela abafundi namanye amalungu oluntu aqonde ukuba izikolo zezoluntu.
Sigaxeleka kwiphulo elifana neli kwiminyaka emine edluleyo kwaye Iiphumelele, utshilo uNgubane. limpahla iCOSAS ezimisele ukuziqokelela ziquka izihlalo, iidesika neetext books.
Ul


waphulo-mthetho ivumile iSouth African Democratic Teachers Union ukuba luyingxaki enkulu nefuna ukuvelwa ngobuchule kuba luyaguquguquka. Iititshala kufuneka zikhuselwe, utshilo umncedisi womongameli walo mbutho uGlenn Abrahams onenkolo yokuba amaqabane akhe afuna iindlela zokhuseleko zibe nokusetyenziswa ngurhulumente.
