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                         UKUXHUMANA NAMANYE AMAZWE



Ukuzihlanganisa nomhlaba wonke futhi

Phansi kobandluiuio, amazwe amaningi ebengaxhumani neningizumu Afrika.
Lokhu sekushintshile. Sakha ubuhlobo namanye amzwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi
iziqumo ezithathwa kwamanye amazwe nathi ziyasithinta. Ushintsho olukumazwe
amanye nathi luyasithinta. Kanti futhi, iningizimu Afrika yenze
izivumelwano namanye amazwe lezo efanele ukuzigcina.

Iningizimu Afrika yayingengxenye yekomfa lelizwe ezihiangene yezemvelo
nokuthuthukiswa kwayo I-UNCED (United Nations Conference on Evironment and
Development). Kodwa uhulumeni wethu uzibandakanya nezivumeiwano kanye
nezinqumo zaieyokomfa. Lezizivumeiwano nezinqumo kuqukethwe engcwadini
ebizwa Agenda 21. iagenda 21 ithembisa imali emazweni ampofu, ukubasiza
ekuvikeleni imvelo yabo nokususwa kwendiala. Okwamanje akukho mali enikezwe
lawomazwe.

INingizimu Afrika ilungu lama enviromental conventions omhiaba awendlula
amashumi amabili. Kodwa uhulumeni usalindelwe ukubhekana nalokhu
okulandelayo:

1. Ngabe uhulumeni omusha ufanele a-ratify izinkomfa eyizisayinele,
kufakelelwa Nomthetho Wolwandle, lnguquko Yesimo se Kilayimethi ne
Biodiversity.

2. Iningizimu Afrika ifanele ikhombise yona izibophile ekuthini yona
yaletha okulahlwayo okuyingozi. Ifanele ukusayinela ikomfa yase Bomako
(Bona Isahluko 11).

3. Iningizimu Afrika ifanele igqugquzeie I impikiswano yesizwe nge
Convention Draught ne Desertification.

4. INingizimu Afrika a-ratify i Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Lokhu kuzokhombisa ukuthi sivumelana nezintshisekelo namazwe athuthukayo.

5. INingizimu Afrika iyilungu le Nuclear onproliferation Treaty. Sifanele
ukusebenzela ukuthi kuqaiwe isivumelwano esiyokwenza iafrika kube
ikontinenti Japho kungekho zikhali zenuclear.

Izikampani eziningi zamazwe angap aqaia amafektri eNingizimu Afrika.
ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lezizikampani a izimboni ezingcoiile eningizimu Africa
bangcolise izwe lethu. Ngokufanayo, izikampani zase Ningizimu Afrika zivula
amafektri emazweni amanye ase Afrika. Sifanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi
lawomafektri akawangcolisi lawomazwe.

Ibhanye lomhlaba kanye ne IMF

Iningizimu Afrika isizixhumanise ne IMFne bhange lomhlaba. I RDP ithembele
kwamanye amazwe ukuthi asiboleke imali. Kodwa sifanele ukucophelela. Ibange
lomhiaba ne IMF iboleke amanye amazewe eafrika. Kodwa lokhu bakwenze emuva
kokuba lawemazwe esenze iStructural Adjustment Programmes (SAP's). Lawa
ngamaprogramu okuqula izindlela lezo umntoho welizwe lihanjiswa ngakhona.
Lawamaprogramu agcine ngokuveza abantu abaningi bempofu. Benze impilo
ibeyimbi kakhulu kubafazi, abantwana, abagugile nabangenayo imisebenzi.
Balimanze imvelo. Sifanele ukuqikelela ukuthi konke lokhu kungenzeki
eningizimu Afrika.

Ibhange lomhlaba linamanye amaprojekti ayonayo imvelo. iLesotho Highlands
Water Project iyopompa amanzi eOrange River ukuthi eze eGauteng. Ibhange
lomhlaba liyayiseka leprojekti. I Mvelo nabantu base Lesotho ezintambeni
bahluphekile ngaleprojekti. Umfula we Orange ungakhubazeka kakhulu
yileprojekti. Kungahle kungasalimanzi emfuleni. Lokhu kungadala ukuthi
abantu base Namaqualand nasezindaweni ezingase Nyakatho nekapa bathinteke
kakhulu.

INingizimu Afrika ifanele ukwakha izindlela ezigcono zokubuka amaprojekti
amakhulu ayithinta kanjani imvelo.

Abanye abantu bafuna iningizimu Afrika ibeke i-Export Processing
Zones(EPZ). Kuiezizindawo, izimboni azifanele ukuzihlupha ngemithetho
yalokusebenza noma imithetho evikela imivelo. IEPZ yenqabelo abasebenzi
ukuba badinge iholo eliphilisayo. iEPZ's futhi ivumela ukoniwa kwemvelo.

iNingizimu Afrika

Kungekudala, iningizimu Afrika yayingaxhumelani kahle namanye amazwe

angaseniNgizimu ne Afrika (Southern Africa).

Kukhona izinkinga ezibhekene ne Afrika engaseNingizimu maqondana
nokuvikelwa

kwemvelo. Zawa, ezinye yilezi: imvelo eyonakala kaiuia, izinga eliphansi
le-teknoloji ezabelweni, ukungabikho kokuvikelela kwezingcebo zemvelo,
ukungabikho kwekhono lokuiawula imvelo, kanye nemithetho ebuthakathaka.

Kuyokubangcono uma amazwe angase Ningizimu neafrika angasebenzisana
ukuvikela imivelo. Lamazwe angasebenzisana ngokulandelayo:

Abantu nokuyakwamanye amazwe: Abantu abaningi basuka kwelinye izwe baye
kwelinye eafrika engaseningizimu. Ngoxolo eluse Mozambique neangola ne
demokrasi eningizimu Afrika, abantu sebohambela kakhuiu.

Ukuphathwa kwezingcebo ngaphesheya kwemingcele: (amadlelo, izilwaue
zasendle, amahlathi namaminerali): Izingcebo zemvelo e Afrika eseNingizimu
Ziyodinga ukuphatha ngokuhlanganyela phakathi kwezizwe kyyobaluleka
kakhulu.

Ukuphathwa kwemfula esiyihianganyele:

I Afrika engase Ningizimu ibanesomiso njalo. Imifula esiyihlanganyele
ifanele ukuphathwa ngokuhlanganyela. INingizimu Afrika isithatha amanzi
elesotho. Njengoba sidinza amanye futhi amanzi singahle sisebenzise imifula
enjengozambezi.

Amandla: INingizimu Afrika ingakhiqiza ugesi omningi kunalawo eyiwudingayo.

Singathengisela amanye amazwe eAfrika eseNingizimu.

Ukungcola okweqa imingcele: Umoya namanzi okungcolile kudlulele kalula
emingceleni.

Amazwe aseNingizimu ne Afrika kufanele enze imithetho nezivumelwano
ukulawula lenkinga.

Ukuhlanganela ezesayensi nobungcweti ukwedlula omakhelwane bayo: Kodwa
nathi singafunda kumazwe amanye ngezinto ezifana namahlathi esizwe
nobunikazi bomhiaba.

Ukulamula Uhlupho: Uhlupho oiufana nentethe, akugcini emingceleni. Amazwe
afanele ukusebenzisana ukukulawula.

Ukubondika kokudia: INingizimu Afrika ifanele ukusebenzisana namanye amazwe
e Afrika eseningizimu ukuqikelela ukuthi kuvezwa ukudla okulingene abanta
bethu.

Uhwebo: Iningizimu Afrika ingabamqoka kakhulu emnothweni we Afrika
engaseningizimu. Ababekezeli bemali bakwamanye amazwe bangaketha iNingizimu
Afrika. Afrika eseNingizimu inezivumelwano ezimbalwa zohwebisano. Umnotho
we Ningizimu Afrika wedlula owamanye amazwe awakhelene nayo. Ohulumeni
bayoqinisekisa ukuthi iningizimu Afrika ayicindelzeli amanye amazwe.

Impi, amabutho nemvelo

INingizimu Afrika inebutho eliqine kakhulu lapha e Afrika eseningizimu.
INingizimu Afrika ingenza izikhali eziningi.

Uhulumeni wobandlululo wona amazweesakhelene nawo, kakhulu iMocambique ne
Angola. Lokhu kona nemvelo yabo futhi. Ukukhiqiza nokulinga izikhali,
ukwakha izindawo zamasotsha, kanye nokusuwa nokulahlwayo kokubulalayo,
konke lokhu kwayikhubaza imvelo. Impi ingokwano nokulwa kuyonile imvelo.

I SANDF iphethe umhlaba ozixhungexhunge omkhulu. Lokhu kukhona futhi
nendawo yokazilolonglela izilabi. Izindawo zemvelo ezivikelwayo eSt Lusia
ne De Hoop bezisetshenziselwa lokhu. I SANDF ngenye yabanikazi abakhulu
ligezokuvikela kakubaphathi kahle abantu noma imiphakathi ehlala eduzane
nalezozindawo lapho kulingelwa khona.

Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi sifanele ukuqhubeka ngokukhiqiza izikhali
sizithengisela abaphesheya kwezilwandle. Abanye bathi iNingizimu Afrika
ayisize ngokudala uxolo eafrika. Ososayensi abasiza iningizimu Afrika
ngezikhali zenuclear bangasiza ngokuthuthukisi ubuciko obuhiwengile.

Abantu sebeyabona ukuthi ezemvelo zibalulekile kunokuvikelwa kwezwe.
Kungaba nokungezwani maqondana nokungena lezizingcebo zemvelo.

IAfrika engaseningizimu ingazithola isotakwini lempi okuthiwa phecelezi
'greenwar factor". Kule "greenwar factor' umonakalo wemvelo udala ukuxabana
endaweni nodlame. lokhu bese kudala impi yesikhaya noma izimpi phakathi
kwamazwe. Lezizimpi zona imvelo.

Ezemvelo nohwebo

Iningizimu Afrika fanele ikhulise umnotho wayo eminyakeni embalwa ezayo.
Kodwa UHulumeni wethu omusha unezikweletu ezidinga ukubhadalwa. Ufanele
nokuthola imali ye RDP. Sifanele ukuthengisa imikhiqizo yethu phesheya.
Lokhu kuzosilethela imali esiyi- dinggayo ukukhokhela izikweleto zethu
nokuthenga esikudingayo. Imvamisa yemikhiqizo esiyithegisela abaphesheya
okuvel emigodini nezolimo. Lokho kusho ukuthi izimayini nezolimo kuyofanela
ukukhiqiza kakhuiu. Lokhu kanti kuyoyona imvelo yethu.

Amazwe amaningi enze isivumelwano esibiswa ngokuthi i Uruguay Rand
Agreement ye General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT). Lesisivumeiwano
sibeka sobola indiela uhwebo oiuyohanjiswa ngayo ezizweni. Siyosiza
iningizimu Afrika ukuba ikwazi ukuthgenisa imphahia yayo emazweni acebile.
Kodwa iyosisiza uma sisebenzisana namazwe angacebile. Okunye ngukuthi
sifanele ukubheka imikhiqizo yethu yezoiimo ethengwa ngaphandle ukuthi
lokho kuthinta kanjani ezoiimo eningizimu Afrika.

Lesisivumelwano sithi uhulumeni ufanele ukumisa ngama sibsidy ayo
ezimbonini. Amanye ama subsidy kubalimi angaqhubeka. Amasubsidy ezemvelo
nemigidingo ingavunyeiwa.

lsivumeiwano sithi amazwe anelungelo lokuba neminingwane nemiqondo
yaieioiizwe. Lokhu kafakelela uiwaizi lezakhamuzi ngendawo yabo. UHulumeni
ufanele ukwakha izindiela zenkambiso yokuvikela lamalungelo. Lokhu
kubaiuieke kakhulu ekuvikeleni ulwazi endaweni, koiwazi losiko, amalungelo
abalimi kanye nokuiawuiwa ngumphakathi kwezingcebo zemvelo.

Ngaphansi kwalesisisumeiwano, izicelo ziyokwenziwa ukuthi imvelo iyovikeiwa
kanjani. Kungahie kubekhona imithetho ebekwayo yokuthi imikhiqizo iyopakwa
kanjani nokuthi kuyobekwa miphi imininingwane kumaleyibula. Lena imithetho
eyovikela imvelo. Sifanele ukubuka ukuthi yona iyothinta kanjani uhwebo
lwethu.

Ezemvelo ziyangokubaiuleka uma sizama ukuthengisa imikhiqizo kwamanye
amazwe. lzivumeiwano phakathi namazwe zingahiezimise lawomazwe ukuthenga
imikhiqizo yethu ekhubaza imvelo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma izimboni
zingabhekani nemvelo yethu angekezathengwa lezo esizi khiqizayo. lzimboni
zethu kufanele zihiwengise ukuze zikwazi ukuthengisela amanye amazwe. Lokhu
kuyokuba kuhie kakhulu kumvelo yethu.

Uma senza izivumeiwano namanye amazwe sidinga intuthuko, sidinga izimboni
eziningi, sidinga imisebenzi eminingi. Kodwa sisadinga ukuvikela imvelo
yethu. Sifanele siqiniseke ukuthi izinkampani ezamanye amazwe azilethi
amafektri angcolile eningizimu Afrika okuzongcolisa izwe lethu.

Ukunconywa

1 . UHulumeni fanele asebenze namanye amazwe eafrika engaseningizimu
ukuqimisekisa ukuthi izivumeiwano ezintsha zohwebo zivikela imvelo.
Basungule imigomo yezemvelo esizweni, kumarijini nasezizweni. Lemigomo
isize iafrika engaseningizimu ukuthi ithole intuthuko eqotho.

2. UHulumeni anqande amanye amazwe ukulaiha imiukhiqizo kuielo. Amazwe
anemigomo ebuthakathaka emvelo asizwe makube yiningizimu Afrika eholayo
kuiendiela.

3. UHulumeni angenele inkomfa yezamalwandle. Lekomfa iyosiza ukuiawula
ukungcoliswa koiwandle nokuvikela izinhianzi zethu. lyosiza futhi
ngokuiawuia izimayini ezingaphansi koiwandle.

4. lnkomfa nge Biodiversity* yamukeiwe iningizimu Afrika. Kodwa imithetho
mayenziwe yokunikela amalungelo yemiphakathi endaweni.

5. 1 Proposed Policy on Global Environmental Change ifanele ibukisiswe
futhi ngaphambi kokumukeiwa kwe Climate Change Convention. Sizofaneiwa
ukubiza umphakathi kuiomgwayimbo senze imigomo ngaphambi kokumukela
lekomfa.

6. UHulumeni ufanele asayine amukele ibamako Convention ukunqabela abantu
ukuietha okulahlwayo okuyingozi e Ningizimu Afrika okuvela ngaphandle kwe
Afrika. Sifanele nathi siziqaleie imithetho yethu yokumisa lokhu.

7. lningizimu Afrika ifanele ukubambisana namanye amazwe eafrika engase
Ningizimu ukubeka uphatho oiufanele lwemvelo.

8. UHulumeni afake imali encishisiwe ogidingweni lezamabutho. Kungcono
ifake

imali nososayensi ekuthuthukiseni izindlela ezihlwengile lapho izimboni
zokwazi

ukusebenza khona. Ufanele ukufaka imali nobuciko ezindleni ezihlengekile

zokukhiqiza ugesi namandla.

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Okuphakathi
