                                     7

                           EZIMVELO ZASEDOLOBHENI

                                  

  "AbaNsundu babengahlali endaweni enhle noma ehlanzekile. Thina asizange
     sibe nezindlu ezifaneleyo, imigwaqo noma imisebenzi efanele ngenxa
 yemithetho engasivumele ukuthi sibe izakhamuzi zedolobha elifana nelabo."

(Japhim Lekgatha, umongameli wezoxwayiso ngezemvelo, eSoweto)

Isimo Samamuhla

Ngenxa yobandlululo, umphakathi wabansundu cishe useduze kokungcola
kwezimboni. Abanako ukuthuthewa zibi okufanele noma izinsebenzo. Imijondolo
eminingi ayinawo amanzi ahlanzekile ezindiu zangasese. Banamapaki ambalwa
kuphela. lmvamisa kuhfaia abantu abaningi endlini eyodwa noma ejalidini
efilodwa . Emadolobheni Kuhlala abantu abaningi emafledini ngoba
akunazindlu noma amaflethi.

Iningizimu Afrika ikhula ngokushesha. Thekwini, lkapa, Ibhayi, ipitoli ne
Goli amadolobha akhula ngokushesha. Izigidi zabantu zihlala kulamadolobha.
Baveza okulahlwayo okuningi.

Ingcebo leyo esetshenziswa emadolobheni ingadala umonakalo emvelweni
kwezinye izindawo. Isibonelo:

   * ugesi wethu uphuma ezitishini ezisempumalanga Ntilasivali. Leziziteshi
     zamandla kagesi zibanga ukungcola komoya empumalanga Ntilysifali kanye

   * i-Gauteng izothola amanye amanzi elesotho. Abantu abahiaia ezintabeni
     zelesotho bazoiahiekeiwa indawo yabu ngenxa yalokhu.

Ngesinye isikhathi amadolobha asebenzisa indawo enhle yokulima ukwakha
izindlu nezimboni.

Abantu emadolobheni bayayona ingcebo. Sidinga ukuphinde sizisebenzise
lezizinto. Isibonelo, amathini nezingilasi zingenziwa kabusha-kunokuba
zilahlwe. Singasebenzisa umhlaba emadolobheni kutshala imifino.

Sifanele siqikeiele ukuthi omunye nomunye edolobheni abe namanzi
ahianzekile nogesi kodwa sidinga futhi ukufunda ukusebenzisa amanzi nogesi
ngokunakekela.

Ngubani anokekela amadolobha ethu?

Manduo amadolobha ethu ayehiukaniswe ubandiuluio. Umphakathi omnyama
wafunda waba uhiangabenzana nezinkinga ezinkulu ngezemvelo. Inzindawo
zabamnyama azizange zab I a nemali eyanele, noma indiela eqondile yokhetho
bohulumeni bamalokishi.

OHulumeni abamhlophe babheka ukungcola komoya okulahliwe nokulungiswa
kwamapaki nezindawo ezivulekile. Abanye bazama ukubuka lezizinto zemvelo
ezazithinta kabanzi futhi bazama ukulwa nezinto ezazenzeka ingempilo
yabantu.

Manje sine Transitional Local kanye Metropolitan Councils. lzindawo
zabansundu nabamhiophe zisetsheniiswa kanye kanye. Ama-TLE lawa umthandlu
azama ukuthi nsizo ku - fane yonke indawo.

NgoHhlangulane 1992 kwaba nenhiangano yezwe lonke abaiuiekile ebizwa UNCED
EARTH summit, lenhiangano yavumela ingcwadi ebizwa Agenda 21. Agenda 21
ichaza ukuthi kufanele sinakekele kanjani imvelo umhiaba wonke. isahiuko 28
yohieio 21 ibonisa ukuthi ohulumeni bamalokishi bangahiela kanjani impilo
emadolobheni kanye hohielo 21 ngo 1996. lhi bazame ukobonisana inomphathi
emalokishini. lgoli, ITHEKWITI nase Kapa sebeqalile ngalokhu.

Ukhetho lwedemokrasi elingakhetohibala, lamuntu luzoba ngo 1995 kuzoba
umsebenzi kahulumeni welokishi ukwenza lonsebenzi kuleisahluko.
Siyesabanisana ukuthi famele kwenziwe amakomdi amancane ezemvelo.

Izimkinga lezo okufanele uhulumeni omusha alwe nazo

1 . Izindlu ezingalingene: Akukho zindlu kwabampofu. imindeni eholwa
ngomame emakhaya impofu. Phansi kweRDP izindiu eziyigidi zizokwakhiwa kodwa
sitanele siqiniseke ukuthni izindlu lezo zakhnwa ngendlela engakhubazi
imvelo.

Ezindaweni ezininzi zabamnyama abantu abaningi bahiaia endlini eyodwa.

Kunemikhukhu emajaiidini ngemuva lokhu. Kuxinene kakhulu ezindaweni ezinje
ngo Hilibrow. Ngenxa yokathi akunazindia eziningi, imindeni kanye
nabesimame baphoqelekile ukuhiaia emahositela. lzindiu zangasese kazibeneli
bonke labobantu. Akulingene.

2. lzindlu ezakhiwe kabi: Izindlu eziningi zakheke kabi amalokishini.
Eziningi azinayo ashimela. Uma abantu besebenzisa amalahle isimoko sihlala
phakthi endlin. Lokhu kudala isizo sofuba lzindlu eziningi emalokishi
Azakhiwanga ngezinto ezifanele. Asbestosi ingabaingozi uma ngube iyaphuka.
Ezinye zezindlu zigazulekile futhi ziswakeme phakathi.

Izindlu ezintsha fanele zibe ezohlobo alufudumele ebusika kanti ehlobo
zipho Ukuze abantu basebenzise amalahle amancane noma ugezi ukuze
kufudumale.

3. Ukwakhiwa ezindaweni ezingafanele: Eningizimu Afrika amadolobha
asabalele umhlaba wonke. Izwe lelo okufanele lisetshenziselwe ukulima noma
ukonga ezemvelo selisetshenziseiwe ukwakha amadolobha.

4. Ukuguguleka Komhlabathi: Amadolobha amaningi awafakelwanga abansundu
utiyela emigwaqeni. Abanayo indlela efanele amanzi emvula ahamba khona.
Amanzi emvula ugugula umhabathi. Lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu kulabo abakhe
endaweni eyigquma noma intaba. Esikhathini esiningi uma amalokishi akhiwa,
kukhishwa zonke izitshalo. Akukho lutho o kusalayo ukuze kuvikelwe umoya
ungaguguli umhlabathi. Imvula igugula umhlabathi. Lezindawo zinothuli.
Lokhu kuvusa izinkinga zesifuba kubantu abahlala lapho. Sidinga izitshalo
ukugcina ukuguguleka komhlabathi nokuphashulwi umoya.

5. Ukungcoliseka komoya: Umoya ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezandhu ugceolile
kakhuiukazi kulezozindu okusetshenziswa amalahla khona uma kuphekwa.
Labobantu bangathoa isifo samaphaphu ngenxa yentuthu yamalahle.

Ukugcola komoya kuvela ezimbonini, izimoto namatilagi, kanti amalahle
avuthayo nezinkuni emakhayeni. Ukungcoliswa komoya okukhulu enNingizimu
Afrika kuse Merebank (Ethekwini) (Buka ibokisi 6 kukhasi elizayo) eKapa,
eVaal Triangle, Soweto nakwamanye amalokishi ePWV.

Uma kufakwe ugesi emalokishini, ab bayosebenzisa amaiahie ayingcosana Kodwa
lokhu kuyothatha isikhathi esi Ukusetshenzisqa kwamalahie akhiph intuthu
encane kuyokwenza izinto zibengcono.

uMbuso ufanele wenze izindlela ezingcomo zokulawula ukungcola komoya.

6. Ukususa Ukungcota kwethu: Sifanele sibuyekeze ukusetshenziswa kwalokho
esikulahlayo, singamane-nje silahie. Isibonelo, amathini, izingilazi,
iphepha namaplastiki kufanele kusetshenziswe fut Ptlulumeni bezindawo
bamelwe ukugqugquzele imindeni nezimboni ngokusebenzisa futhi udoti wabo.
Usoti omningi esiwulahlayo uphelela ezindundumeni ezithatha indawo kanti
ezingadala ukungcoliseka kwamanzi.

Udoti omningi wenziwa izindingundum ezingekhomthethweni emadolobheni et
Abanye balabodoti bangaba noshevu. lokhy kuyigozi empiiweni yabantu.
Ukuthuthwa kukadoti emalokishini kubi kakhuiu. lkukhwla kwizindunduna
zikadoti ezindleleni zethu kubi kakhukhulu ezimpilweni

  1. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi: lningizimu Afrika yizwe elomisele. Sifanele
     ukuvikele amanzi ethu. fzigidi ezine zabahty emadoloneni abanano
     amanzi ahlanzekilo. Imindeni eminingi ithola amanzi abo empompiri
     yokuhanganyelwa. Balanda amanzi ngamabhakede noma ezinye izindieieo.
     Kwesinye isikhathi lezizindi zinamakhemikhali ngaphakathi. Lokha
     kungaba yiagozi. Ukungabi namanzi ahlanzekile kungadala izifo.

Ezindaweni zabelungu kunaamanzi amaningi aghlanzekile.

Imifula emadelobheni ethu ingcolile. lokhy kudalwa ngokulahlwayo ezimbonini
kanye nodoti ongena emifuleni. Kuvela futhi emijondolweni engenazindiu
zangasese.

 Box 6: MEREBANK - leala lokuhlela elibi

 Emerebank, ukuhieia okubi kuya kwadala ukuba kuvunyelwe ukwakhiwa
 kwezindlu duzane nezimboni ezingcolile. Kukhona abantu aba - 50 000
 abahlala eMerebank. Ingase Ningizimu ne Thoku. Inezimboni ezingcolile
 eziyikakile. Kunamafemu amabili kaqoyela, lapho kugaywa khona amaphepha,
 ifemu likakhilomu, isikhumulo sezindiza nezimboni eziningi
 zamakhemihkali. Ezinye zalezizimboni ziyakhula zisondela ngasemizini.
 Imindemi eminiye ihlala isithuba asingn 20m ukusukela embonini kaqoyeia.
 izinkinga zemvelo zifaniswa hemisindo yezimboni namabhanoyi. Umoya
 ungolile impela. Umglaba, imifula holwandie zingodisiwe. Ukungiolisqa
 kuyinqaba ebqsika.

 Cishe eminyakeni engu-30 akukhomuntu owayezihlupha ngalo khu. Umphakathi
 ungezwa ngolwazi ulubuya kwabezimboni hottuiumeni wandawo. Bebengakwazi
 ukuthola ukuthi yimaphi amakhemikhali awangedisa umoya. Ngonxa yalokhu
 bebenza kwazi ukuthola ncamashi ukuthi ngigini abasebenzi nomphakathi
 ababekuwyo ngokwenpilo yabo.

 Isifundo esenziwa enminyakeni embalwa yokugcina zikuvezile ukuthi abantu
 abaningi banezinkinga ngamaphaphu abo. Imbangela yalokhu kuyinani
 lokungisliseka komoya. lzingane eziningi zase Merebank bangakutho
 lokukugula kwamaphaphu kunalabo bakwezinye izindawo. Kuye kwabanezingizi
 eziningi ezimbonini zakulendawo.

 IMerebank Repayers' Association (MRA) yahloma ienvironmental Project Unit
 (EPU). IEPU yona yahianganisa izimboni zendaqo kanye nohulumeni wendawo
 ukuxazulula lenkinga. IEPU ifuna izimboni nkuba ziland izindiela
 ezifanele zemvelo, impilo nezokuphepha. Bafuna ukongeza ukuxqayis
 ngezemvelo emphakathini. IEPU quna ukuhioiisiswa kwalendawo ngokuphelele.
 L kuyosiza ukuthola icebo lenkanibiso yokuia ukungicoliseka kulendawo.

8. Amapaki nezindawo ezivuiekile: Amapaki ayingcosana emadolobheni abantu
abamnyama. Ziyingeosana izindaqo zokuyozijabulisa khona ngaphandle.
Lezinzindawo ezivuiekile ekuhlwengiseni umoya namanzi. Zivezela izinyoni,
izinambuzane nezilwanyona ezineane indawo yokuphila. Ezindaweni
ezingamapaki ebelungwini izimila nezihlahla akuzona zakuleli. Iningi lazo
lidinga amanzi amaningi ukuze ziphile. Amadolobha amanye athile aeqalile
ukutshala izihlahla nezimila zase Ningizimu Afrika.

9. Ukushala izimila emadolobhani: Singasebenzisa izindawo ezivuiekile
emadolobheni ethu ukutshala ukudia. lokhu kungaqinisekisa'abantu bezinda
ukuthola inali kanye nokubona ukuthi wonke umuntu uthola ukudia. Kuyozisa
abesifazane abantsundu kakhuiu, ngoba yibona abalima amasimu. Udoti omunye
obuya emizini ungasetshenziseiwa ukwenza umquba.

10. Ezokuthutha: lntilasipodi yethu ayithi Abantu abaningi basebenzisa
izimoto namatekisi. Lokhy kudala ukungeolis komoya. Lokhy kungeofa
kuqukethe umthofu, yona angadala ukukhubazeka kwengqondo bantwaneni.
uhulumeni ufanele athole ikhambi lokwenzangcono ezokuthutha adolobheni.
Babhekane nezemvelo. Babuke futhi izindiela aziyokwenza ukuthi intilasipodi
yomphakathi ithuthukisa impilo yabantu emadolobheni.

11. Indlela entsha yokuhlela: Bonke ohulumeni benawo bafanele ukubuka

ezemvleo uma kuthathwa izingumo ngamadolobha abo. Imiphakathi ifanele

ukumenywa uma kuthathwa izinqumo.

Ukunconywa:

Ukuhela:

   * Konke ukuhieia kufanele kwenziwe ngokubuka ezemvelo.
   * Izindlu namafektri zingakiwa emhlabeni olungele ezolimo, noma umhlaba
     odingakela ukulonda imvelo.
   * Izisebenzi zikahulumeni kufanele ziqeqeshelwe imvelo ukuze baqondisise
     izinkinga zayo.
   * Imiphakathi, izimboni, izinyunyone njii. bafanele ukumenywa ukuze
     amadobebha ethu abanempilo.

Local Agenda 21:

   * Kufanele kuqalwe iprogrammu lelizwe le 'Local Agenda21 " enaprovinsi
     ni nakohulumeni bendawo.

Ukuncoliswa komoya:

   * Ukungcoliswa komoya kubhekwe ngokushesha.

Ukulawulwa kwamanzi:

   * Uhulumeni athole izindlela okuyizona zokwenza abantu basebenzise
     amanzi amancane. Labo abasebenzisa amanzi amancanenjengabampisholo
     bakhokhiswe kancane. Amafektri nabantu abasebensisa amanzi amaning
     bakhokhiswe kakhulu.

   * Ukungcoliswa kwamanzi kulawulwe nguhulumeni enifuleni yasemadelobheni
     ethu. Izimboni zihlwengise imma zingcolisile. lmphakathi'ibheke
     ukungcoliswa kwamanzi ezindaweni zabo, futhi babikele uhulumeni uma
     kukhona izinkinga.

   * Ohulumeni bezindawo basebenzisane ngokuphathwa kwemifula yethu.

Ukubuyekezela izibi:

   * Ohulumeni bezindawo bafanele ukuthola izindiela okuyizona ezizokwenza
     ezezimboni. Nemindeni ukuba babuyekezele izibi.

Umhlaba:

   * Uma kuthathwa izingumo ngokuthi umhlabauyssetshenziseiwani uhulumeni

Ufanele ukucabangela imvelo. Bafanele babone ukuthi umhaba lowo

usetshenziswa ngokwemfanelo.

   * Uhulumeni ufanele ukusiza labobantu abofuna ukuiima izimila
     emadolobheni ethu.

   * Sidinga amapulane ezindaweni ezivulekile emadolobheni ethu.

   * UhHulumeni enze uphenyo lokuba abalimi abancane banganeza ukudla
     okungakanani emadolobheni nasemadolobheni amakhulu ethu.

Ukuhlela nokwakhiwa kwezindia:

   * Izinto zokwakha eziyingzi zingasetshengiswa ezindlini.

   * Zonke izindiu ezintsha zakhiwe ngendiela yokuba zisebenzise ugesi
     ongemmingi futhi zonge amanzi. Zonge amanzi. Amathange amanzi emvula
     antasetshenziswa.

   * Izisebenzi zohulumeni bezindawo fanele fanele baqeaeshwe ukuqinisekisa
     ukuba ukwakha umonacalo omncane ngokwenzeka phezu kwemvelo.

Ezokuthutha:

   * Uhulumeni ufanele asenzele uhelo olulungile lweziokuthutha umphakathi
     bolo olungeze lwakhubaza imvelo yethu.

   * Uma kwakhiwaq izindlela ezinkulu noma dayini bakajantshi, kufanele
     kugalwe ngokufunda ukuthi kuyo kwenzani lokho phezu kwemvelo. Lokhu
     kufanele ukwakhiwa ngendiela ayodala omncane kuphela umonakalo phezu
     kwemvelo ngokunokwenzeka ongenawo umthofu ngaphakathi kwawo.

Ukucwaninga:

   * Uhulumeni ufanele asitholele izindlela zokuthi singenzenjani
     amadolobha ethu ukuba ahlobane nemvelo. Bafune izindlela zokwenza
     abantu basebenzise izibi zabo futhi.

  ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Okuphakathi
