Land (Maize)											Zulu

Ngiwuthola kanjani umhlaba?

Instructions: 

Folio strap: Ukwaba umhlaba 

Byline: UJane McPherson, umphathi wePhrogramu leGrain SA Lokuthuthukisa Abalimi 

Kukhona umbuzo ofika njalo lapha kithi: “Ngifuna umhlaba (ipulazi). Niyakwazi ukungisiza?” Umphendulo wethu njalo uthi “Qha, asikwazi”. Thina sizama ukusiza abalimi ngePhrogramu leGrain SA Lokuthuthukisa Abalimi, asikwazi ukunceda abantu ngokuthola umhlaba.

Uma sizama ukwenza nalokhu, akungekho kubekhona isikhathi sokuthuthukisa abalimi ngoba kukhona abaningi abantu abafisa ukuthola umhlaba nokuqala ukulima. Kule phrogramu lethu sizama ukusekela labo bantu abanawo umhlaba nemishini. 

Emva kwa-1994, kwavuswa Umnyango omusha Wezomhlaba. Lo Mnyango waqala ngamaphrogramu amasha ukuguquka isimo sobunini bomhlaba. Lapha sizoxoxa kuphela ngokuphinda ukwabelwa umhlaba, hhayi ngamakhleyimi nokuguquka ubunini. Khumbula ukuthi iphrogramu lethu liqonde ukukhulisa abalimi bezomnotho, ngakho-ke sizama ukubasiza ukusebenzisa umhlaba wabo ngendlela efanelekile, asikwazi ukusiza abanye abafuna ukwakha amabhizinise amanye. 

I’Settlement Land Acquisition Grant (SLAG) 

Iphrogramu lokuqala loMnyango Wezomhlaba bekuyi Settlement Land Acquisition Grant (SLAG). Lokhu bekucishe kuhambelane negranti ebelinikezwe abantu ukuthenga umuzi – R15 000. Kodwa alikho ipulazi elingathengwa nge-R15 000, Abantu bese bahlangana ukuthenga ipulazi. 

Kukhona izizathu eziningi ezenze ukuthi lokhu ukuhlanganisa ubunini bomhlaba bekungeke kusebenze kahle.

Ukuhlanganisa abantu kungadala inkinga ngoba abafisi bonkeukuthola umphumelo ofanayo; 

Abanye abakhona bacabanga ukuthi ukulima kuzobalethela inzuzo eningi masinya kalula; 

Ngokwejwayelekile abaningi bebacabanga ukusizakala masinya ngokulima, kodwa bebengenalo ulwazi lokulima futhi abazange baphathe ibhizinisi. Mhlawumbe wake wasebenza epulazini kodwa awuzange wafunda ukuphatha wonke umsebenzi ngendlela efanelekile;

Bekungekho imali ukuqala umsebenzi nokuthuthukisa umsebenzi wokulima; 

Bekungekho ukusekela abalimi emapulazini okuvele kuMnyango Wezokulima; 

Bekungekho ukufundisa nokuqeqesha; 

Bonke abasizakale ngaleli phrogramu bebangawuthandi kakhulu umsebenzi wasepulazini; 

Bekungekho iphrogramu lokukhetha labo abazosizeka; 

Bekungadingeki ukuthi labo abathole umhlaba bahlale khona epulazini. 

Ukwabela Umhlaba Ukuthuthukisa Okwezolimo (Land Redistribution for Agricultural Development (LRAD)) 

Umnyango Wezomhlaba usheshe wabona ukuthi I’SLAG’ ayisebenzi kahle wase wangenisa I’LRAD’. Lokhu kusebenze kangconywana ngoba:

Kwakuyigranti elanikezwa umuntu oyedwa (hhayi igranti lomndeni). Lokhu bekusho ukuthi abaningi abantu abangaphezu kwa-18 bomndeni munye bebakwazi ukuthola igranti; 

Igranti liqale ku-R20 000 (okungaphezu kwegranti leSLAG eliqale ku-R15 000; 

Umuntu obenayo ingcebo yakhe, ubengathola igranti elingaphezu kwalokhu (isibonelo: uma umuntu une-R400 000, igranti lakhe lingakhuphuka liye ku-R100 000). Bangenise lokhu ukuthola abantu abanolwazi abakwazi ukuphatha ibhizinisi. 

Nalapha futhi okuningi abakuzamile kwakungasebenzi kahle, ngoba: 

Labo abamukele amagranti athile badinge ukuhlangana futhi ngoba imali yomuntu oyedwa beyinganeli ukuthenga ipulazi; 

Abaningi baphinde bacabanga ukuthi ukulima kuzoletha masinya imali eningi ekhukhwini; 

Abaningi futhi bebengenalo ulwazi nobungcweti lobuphatha ipulazi;

Bekungekho imali ukuqala umsebenzi nokuthuthukisa umsebenzi wokulima; 

Bekungekho ukusekela abalimi emapulazini okuvele kuMnyango Wezokulima; 

Bekungekho ukufundisa nokuqeqesha; 

Bonke abasizakale ngaleli phrogramu bebangawuthandi kakhulu umsebenzi wasepulazini; 

Bekungekho iphrogramu lokukhetha labo abazomukela umhlaba; 

Bekungadingeki ukuthi labo abathole umhlaba bahlale khona epulazini.



Uhlelo Omusha: “Proactive Land Acquisition Scheme (PLAS)” 

UMnyango Wezomhlaba ubonile ukuthi naleli phrogramu alisebenzi kahle, base baqala isikhimu esisha futhi – iProactive Land Acquisition Scheme. Ngokucabanga kwabo, lokhu kuzonikeza labo abafisa ukulima ithuba lokukhombisa ukuthi bazokwazi ukusebenzisa ipulazi ngaphambi kokubapha ipulazi.

 

Uhlelo lwe-PLAS lusebenza kanje: UGavumente uthenga ipulazi ukupha abantu. Bese lelo pulazi liya-advertayizwa. Labo abalifunayo bafanele babange (bakhombise) kahle banikeze izizathu ezichaza ukuthi bazokwazi ukulima. Isikhathi salowo muntu ophatha lelo pulazi sihamba iminyaka emithathu bese angakwazi ukuthena lelo pulazi. Uma kuyakhanya ukuthi uyahluleka ukulima kahle, kuzofakwa omunye “umphathi” ofuna ukulima. Lolu hlelo lokuguqula ubunini bomhlaba lulethe ezinye izinkinga. Eziningi ziyafana nalezi esixoxe ngazo phezulu, kodwa kukhona nezinsha futhi: 

Abaningi baphinde bacabanga ukuthi ukulima kuzoletha masinya imali eningi ekhukhwini; 

Akungadingeki ukuthi labo abathole umhlaba bahlale khona epulazini. 

Abaningi futhi bebengenalo ulwazi nobungcweti lobuphatha ipulazi; 

Namanje alikho iphrogramu lokukhetha labo abazosizeka; 

Ayikho imali ukuqala umsebenzi nokuthuthukisa umsebenzi wokulima; 

Akukho ukusekela abalimi emapulazini okuvela kuMnyango Wezokulima; 

Namanje akukho ukufundisa nokuqeqesha; 

Laba “baphathi” bathola ipulazi elisebenzayo elingenisa inzuzo, kodwa kaningi bona abazilutho ngazo zonke izinto ezihambelana nokuphatha ipulazi. Abanolwazi maqondana nokuphatha izimfuyo, ukutshala, ukuvuna nokuphatha imishini nokuphatha abasebenzi nezindaba zezimali – abangeke baphumelele; 

Kaningi imishini nogandaganda epulazini kugugile, akusaphili kahle. Ngaphandle kolwazi nemali ukulungisa lezi zinto, “umphathi” akakwazi ukusebenza ngazo; 

Izindleko zokutshala ihektheli elilodwa zingafika ku-R5 000. Uma umlimi efuna ukutshala amahektheli angu-200 okungasikho indawo enkulu uma sikhuluma ngokutshala ngokwezomnotho), kusho ukuthi uzodinga R1 000 000 ukufaka izimbewu emhlabathini kuphela (lapho asikhulumi ngezindleko zokubheka nokusevisa nokulungisa ogandaganda neminye imishini). Umlimi akasuye umnini wamasimu futhi kaningi akanolwazi okuhambelana nokulima. Lokhu kuphinda kusho futhi ukuthi uzohluleka ukuboleka leyo mali edingekayo yokuqala ukukhiqiza. Ngaphandle kwaleso sikwenete abekho abantu abaningi abanayo leyo miliyoni yokuqala ukutshala lawo mahektheli angu-200; 

Masithi umlimi unayo imali edingekayo yokutshala nokulungisa imishini. Ucabanga ukuthi indoda/umfazi ohlakaniphile uzochitha yonke leyo mali emasimini kagavumente nasemishinini engasiye eyakhe? Angisho, uzoyisebenzisa ngenye indlela; 

Epulazini lapho kutshalwa khona kukhona imishini ehlukene – igeja, idiski, iripha, idiski yokusika utshani, ikhultiveyitha, irotovator, nakuningi okunye. Uma umlimi (ofuna ukulima) engezange esebenze epulazini engeke azi ukuthi muphi umshini wenza muphi umsebenzi – uzozilungisa kanjani lezi zinto futhi uzozisebenzisa kanjani ngendlela efanelekile?; 

Uhlamvu olunye kule nkontilaki ngaphakathi “komphathi” noMnyango Mezomhlaba luthi akuvunyelwa ukuthi umphathi aqashise leyo ndawo, noma ahlangane nomunye umlimi ukulima leyo ndawo. Ngaphandle kwesikwenetu sokuqala ukutshala, ukungavunyelwa ukulima nomunye onolwazi, lo “mphathi” uzowufunda kanjani umsebenzi wokulima? 

Kule ngxoxo yethu lapha phezulu, kukhanya kahle ukuthi izizamo zethu zokuguqukisa ubunini komhlaba ngendlela ezosiza lonke izwe lethu zibhekene nezinkinga eziningi. Eziningi izikinga besingazi ukuthi zizovela kodwa abasebenzi abasenzela umnyango wezokulima bazamile ukuqaqa lezi zinkinga. 

 

Lapha eNingizimu Afrika besinesikhathi esidlulileyo esibi esidabukisayo. Kodwa kufanele sibhekene neqiniso elikhona manje. Ngesikhathi esidlule ukulima kwakusezandleni sabelungu (amabhunu), ngakho-ke kufanele sisekele ukuhlangana kwabalimi bezomnotho nalabo abafuna ukukhula emsebenzini wokulima. 



Umphumelo omuhle ngokuguqukisa ubunini bomhlaba kudinga ukuthi kuhlangane izinto ezahlukene: 

Lolu hlelo lokulima kufanele lulethe inzuzo (lokhu akusakwenzeki lapho kutshalwa khona ukudla okuzinhlamvana ngokwamanje); 

Labo abasizakalayo bafanele bakhethwe kahle bese bafundiswe (baqeqeshwe); 

Kufanele kubekhona imali ekwanele ukuqala ukutshala nokuthuthukisa ezinye izakhi ezidingekayo emsebenzini wokulima; 

Izinhlangano zempahla ezithengwayo zifanele zihlangane ngokuthuthukisa abakhiqizi bokudla okudingekayo; 

Izizamo zikaGavumente zifanele zilinganiswe futhi lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngesikathi esifanelekile. 

Amaphrojekti ashone phansi

Kukhona amaphrojekti amaningana afeyilile ngenxa amaphrogramu esixoxe ngawe lapha phezulu. Kukhona izizathu eziningi zalokhu (bheka phezulu). Kuyakhanya ukuthi uMnyango omusha Wokuthuthukisa Emaphandleni Nokuguqula Ubunini Bomhlaba uqonde ukuwavusa lawo maphrogramu ukuze lowo mhlaba uqale ukukhiqiza ukudla ngaphambi kokuqala amaphrojekti amasha. 

Uma sifuna ukuthi ukuvusa kwalawo maphrogramu ube nomphumela omuhle, kubaluleke kakhulu siqonde kahle kuyini okwenze ukuthi ashone phansi – noba izizathu zokufeyila kwalokhu nalokhu azifani. Kulula ukuthi iphrogramu elithile lishone phansi ngoba bekungekho imali. Yebo, imali engekho bekuyinkinga, kodwa ukukhetha iphrogramu elithile ufake nje imali kuphela akungeke kulivuse – kuzovama ukudala izinkinga ezinye ngoba labo abalahlekelwe imali ekuqaleni bazobuyela ngethembo lokuphinda ukuthola imali futhi kule phrogramu elisha. 

Kudingeka ukuthi: 

Sihlolisise kahle ukuthi kuyini okwenze ukuthi lishone phansi; 

Sibahlole kahle nalabo abasizakalayo abanesifiso ngempela ukulima; 

Sisekele kuphela “abaphathi” abazohlala epulazini. Ukulima akulungi uma ungekho lapho epulazini sonke isikhathi. Abalimi abaphumelelayo bahlala khona banikeza 100% lesikhathi sabo ekulimeni kwabo; 

Sicele abantu abanolwazi impela ukusekela “abaphathi”, ukuhlola isimo sepulazi bese bahlanganise izinyathelo ezizokwenza ukuthi ipulazi liphinde likhiqize; 

Singenise “abaphathi” ephrogramini elizobafundisa ukulima nokuthuthukisa amakhono abo. Leli phrogramu lifanele liphathwe iyuniyoni labakhiqizi baleyo ndawo abaphatha impahla ukuze abalimi abasha bahlangane nabalimi bezomnotho ekuqaleni. 

Uma sifisa ukuthi ukuguquka kwezokulimi lapha eNingizimu Afrika kusebenze kahle, kudingeka ukuthi sibambane izandla, sifunde ukuthembana, sihlanganise izigaba zezokulima ukuze ukulima kubuyele kube itshe legumbi lapha emaphandleni ezwini lethu. 

