zulu.2533.legends
indaba ngu-ISAAC KWELA
Indlovukazi yase-Africa
Wathandana nabalisa ababili ababenamandla kakhulu emhlabeni, izwe lakhe lathola inkululeko okwesikhashana ngenxa yakhe…
IGAMA elithi “Cleopatra” yigama lesiGreek elisho “igugu likababa,” kanti izindlovukazi zaseGibhithe eziningi zazidume ngo “Cleopatra” – kodwa ngokomlando, yinye kuphela ekhunjulwayo. Lowo nguCleopatra Thea Philopator. Wazalwa ngo-69BC eyindodakazi yesithathu yeNkosi uPtolemy XII Auletes.
Kumbalwa okwaziwayo ngokukhula kukaCleopatra kodwa ekhula wayebona ukuthi abantu babengaphathekile kahle ngendlela ubaba wakhe ayebusa ngayo.
Lokho kwaholela ekuvukelweni kombuso izwe lalahlekelwa yingxenye yomhlaba walo kubandakanya neCyprus.
Ngo-58BC udadewabo kaCleopatra omdala, uBerenice IV wathatha izintambo zombuso kubaba wakhe. Ubaba wakhe wacela usizo lweRome wathatha isihlalo sobukhosi ngo-55BC. U-Berenice wagcina esocongiwe.
U-Ptolemy XII wakhothama ngoMarch 51BC kanti uCleopatra owayeneminyaka engu-18 kanye nomfowabo uPtolemy XIII owayeneminyaka engu-12 babusa elaseGibhithe ngokubambisana.
Izinkinga ezazithinta ezomnotho, indlala nezinxushunxushu kwezepolitiki kwenza ukuba bangabusi kahle.
Ngo-August 51BC ubudlelwane babo baba muncu. U-Cleopatra wasikhipha isibongo sakwaPtolemy ezincwadini zakhe zomthetho kwabonakala ubuso bakhe kuphela ezinhlamvini zemali.
U-Ptolemy waziphindiselela uCleopatra waphoqeka ukuba afulathele elaseGibhithe ngo-48BC.
U-PTOLEMY wabandakanyeka empini yomkhaya nelaseRome. Wakha ubuhlobo noJulius Caesar bakha uzungu lokubulala isitha sikaJulius esinguPompey.
Icebo labo alisebenzanga. U-Caesar wathukuthela wadla i-Alexandria okwakuyikomkhulu laseGibhithe.
U-Cleopatra wabuyela eGibhithe kanti kuthiwa wazifihla ngokuzimboza ngokhaphethi uCaesar aye-wuphiwe yisisebenzi sakhe.
U-Caesar wakhetha ukweseka uCleopatra. Emva kwempi yomkhaya engathathanga isikhathi eside, uPtolemy XIII wabulawa ngokufakwa emfuleni iNile uCleopatra wathatha izintambo zombuso walekelelwa ngumfowabo omncane uPtolemy XIV.
U-Cleopatra noCaesar bathandana ngesikhathi uCaesar ehlala eGibhithe. U-Caesar wabulawa ngoMarch 15, 44BC ngesikhathi uCleopatra evakashele eRome.
Emva kwalokho uPtolemy XIV wafa ngendlela eyaba yindida, uCleopatra wabeka indodana yakhe ayeyithole kuCaesar njengombusi.
UKUFA kukaCaesar kwaholela embangweni wokuphatha eRome ngo-42BC. UMark Antony, owayengomunye wamadoda amathathu ayebusa eRome, wahlangana noCleopatra ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi ubusa ngokwethembeka.
U-Cleopatra wenza akwenza kuCaesar, bathandana.
Ngo-37BC, u-Antony waphinda wavakashela e-Alexandria, wavuselela ubudlelwane bakhe noCleopatra washada naye ngokosiko lwaseGibhithe.
Kuningi okubikwayo ngoCleopatra. Kuthiwa ngelinye ilanga watshela u-Antony ukuthi mababhejele ukuthi angachitha imali engango-10 million ekudleni.
Ngobusuku obulandelayo wenza njengokusho kwakhe.
ABANTU baseRome babengeneme ngendlela u-Antony ayeziphethe ngayo kwaze kwahlaselwa elaseGibhithe. Ngo-31BC amasosha ka-Antony alwa nawaseRome empini eyayibanjelwe olwandle ekupheleni kogu lwase-Actium.
Kuthiwa noCleopatra wayekhona kanti kwathi uma ebona ukuthi amasosha ka-Antony ayanqotshwa, wabaleka walandelwa ngu-Antony.
Ngo-August 12, 30BC, amasosha ka-Antony ajoyina awaseRome. U-Antony wazibulala walandelwa ngu-Cleopatra okuthiwa wazibulala ngokuzinikela enyokeni eyingozi kakhulu. Kodwa kunobunye ubufakazi obuthi wabulawa ngu-Octavian owayengujenene waseRome.
U-Caesarion, indodana kaCleopatra ayithola kuCaesar, wabekwa esihlalweni sobukhosi kodwa wabanjwa wabulawa ngu-Octavian.
Ukufa kwakhe kwasho ukuphela kwababusi baseGibhithe.
Izingane ezintathu uCleopatra azithola ku-Antony zathunyelwa eRome zakhuliswa ngunkosikazi ka-Antony u-Octavia. [z]
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BONA ZULU – December 2006
U-Cleopatra Thea Philopator
BONA ZULU – December 2006
BC/AD
Iningi labafundi liyadideka uma kukhulunywa ngoBC/AD kodwa ave kulula ukwazi ukuthi ameleni lawa magama.
U- “AD” umele u- “Anno Domini,” noma “Emva kukaKhrestu,” kanti u “BC” umele u “Before Christ.” Le ndlela yokuhlukanisa iminyaka yasungulwa nguDionysius Exiguus waseRome ngo-525 emva kokubala usuku lwePhasika.
Awukho unyaka obizwa ngo-0AD kanti u-1AD uthathwa njengonyaka uKhrestu azalwa ngawo. Uma sibala iminyaka, sibala siqale kulowo uKhrestu azalwa ngawo sikhuphuke. Siqala ku-1AD kuye ku-2AD, 3AD siqhubeke size sifike ku- 2006AD.
Uma sesibale saze safika enombolweni enezinombolo ezintathu nangaphezulu – njengo-“525” noma u-“2006” – asikho isidingo sokuba sengeze u-AD.
Uma sibheka izinto ezenzeka ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaKhrestu, sibala sihlehle. Okusho ukuthi u-300BC usondelene kakhulu no-1AD kuno-600BC.
Le ndlela iyona okubizwa ngayo iminyaka emhlabeni wonke yize noma abanye abantu bekhetha ukuyibiza ngale ndlela – u-AD bambiza ngo “CE” “Common Era” u “BCE” abe ngu “Before Common Era”.
Amanye amazwe nezinkolo zinendlela yazo eziyisebenzisayo. E-Japan, iminyaka ibalwa isuselwe esikhathini umbusi athatha ngaso izintambo zombuso.
Umbusi obusa manje nguHeisei Akihito owaqala ukubusa ngo-1989. Okusho ukuthi lowo nyaka ubizwa ngokuthi Heisei 1.
E-North Korea basebenzisa uhlelo oluqala ngo-1912 (Juche 1), unyaka okwazalwa ngawo umbusi wabo uKim Il-Sung. Igama elithi “Juche” lisho “ukwethembeka kuwe”.
Kwa-Israel kusetshenziswa ikhalenda lamaHebheru elibala kusukela eNdalweni.
