Weeds (Maize) 									 IsiZulu 

Ukubulala ukhula ngokuphumelela

Instructions: 

Folio strap: Ukuphatha ukhula 

Byline: UJane McPherson, umphathi wePhrogramu leGrain SA Lokuthuthukisa Abalimi

Photos 

Photo 1: Ummbila omubi ompofu: bheka ukuthi ukhula luwina kanjani.

Photo 2: Ukungaphathi ukhula kahle: bheka ukuthi ummbila uliphuzi, awunamandla.

Photo 3: Ukolo wasendle omila nokolo oqobo. Bheka ukolo wasendle omhlophe odlula ukolo oqobo obomvana. 

Photo 4: IYellow Nut Sedge etholakale ensimini yommbila. 



Ukulima kusaqhubeka ukuba inselele, kodwa ngokwamanje sengicabange ukuthi bonke abalimi sebazwile ukuthi ukhula lufanele luphathwe kanjani, kanti cha! Ezindaweni engiyekhona ngibona ukuthi lokhu kuseyinkinga enkulu, kakhulu ukhula njenge Yellow Nut Sedge, Uintjies ne Monakaladi. 



Ngaphandle kokuphatha ukhula ngendlela efanelekile, awungeke ukwazi ukukhiqiza ukudla ngendlela ezokulethela inzuzo manje nakusasa. Ukhula luyisitha sethu – ukhula lulwa nezitshalo zethu ukuthola amanzi, ukudla, indawo nokukhanya. Izindleko zokukhuqiza ziningi, awukwazi ukuvumela ukhula ludle umanyolo othengele izitshalo. 

Indlela engcono yokuphatha ukhula yilokhu: vimba ukhula lungaqali ukumila. Uma ulinda isikhathi sokubulala ukhula, uma ulinda kuze ukhula lukhule ngaphambi kokulubulala, izindleko nezingozi ezitshalweni nazo ziyanda. Ukuphumelela ekulimeni kuhambelana nokuphatha ukhula ngendlela efanelekile. 

Ukwazi izinhlobo zokhula 

Uma ungazazi izitha zakho, awungeke ukwazi ukulwa nazo. Lapho uthola amasimu amasha ongawazi, kungabanzima ukusho ukuthi kuzomila izinhlobo zokhula ezinjani. Kodwa emva konyaka kuzokhanya ukuthi kukhona izinhlobo ezinjani bese uzokwazi ukuzivimba ngaphambi kukumila. Kufanele uqonde ukuthi ukhula lunamakhasi abanzi noma amakhasi afana notshani. Kungalunga futhi uma uthole amagama ezinhlobo zokhula ezikhona ensimini ethile, bese uzokwazi ukuthola umlayezo oqondile ukuzibulala. 



Klama indlela yakho yokuphatha ukhulangesikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuqala ukutshala

Lapho usebenzisa imishini ukuhlakula, qinisa njalo (ngokungumsuka nangokukamuva) ukuthi ubulala lonke ukhula. Qaphela ukuthi izikali zilingene ukuze kungabi khona isikhala ngaphakathi kwazo esizoshiya olunye ukhula. Lapho insimi imanzi kabi lapho uhlakula, khumbula ukuthi izitshalo zokhula ozikhiphayo zizophinda zitshaleke zimile futhi. Kufanele wazi kahle ukuthi uyosebenzisa amakhemikheli anjani kusenesikhathi ngaphambi kokutshala. Qinisa ukuthi umshini wokufafaza uphilile, iPTO logandaganda lisebenza kahle, kukhona igeji elilinganisa ukufutha namanozili afanelekile. 



Thola umlayezo kulabo abanolwazi 

Kukhona abantu abanolwazi olukhulu maqondana nokuphatha ukhula. Khumbula ukuthi indlela yokuphatha ukhula enezindleko eziningi yileyo ndlela engasebenzi. Mhlawumbe awungeke ukhokhe imali, kodwa khumbula: uzolahlekelwa inzuzo eningi. 



Ngaphambi kokutshala

Amakhemikheli angakhethi uhlobo lwesitshalo angasetshenziswa (njengeRoundup noma iGramoxone), noma ungahlakula ngemishini. Khumbula uma sikhuluma ngekhemikheli elingakhethi, lizobulala zonke izitshalo eziluhlaza kuleyo nsimu. Qaphela uma usebenzisa lawa makhemikheli ngoba lapho usuwathelile, awuneze ukwazi ukuwakhipha emhlabathini. 



Emva kokutshala

Emva kokutshala kungasetshenziswa amakhemikheli arejestiwe ukubulala uhlobo lokhula oluthile ezitshalweni ezithile ngaphambi kokuhluma kokhula. INut grass lingaba inkinga ngoba alifi kalula. IYellow Nut Sedge lingaphathwa kahle emmbileni nasemabeleni ngokuthela iServian (amakhemikheli abizwa ngokuthi “Syngenta”). Amaviki ayisithupha ekukhuleni kwezitshalo abaluleke kakhulu lapho siphatha ukhula – ukuncintisana nokhula ngaleso sikhathi kuzokwenza ukuthi umvuno ubempofu. 



Isikhathi sokuthela amakhemikheli abulala ukhula

Ukhula lufanele lubulawe lapho lusencinci, lapho lusakhula ngamandla, ngaphambi luqala ukulwa nezitshalo. Futhi lubulalwe njalo ngaphambi kuphuma izimbewu. Lapho lusenezimbewu izimbewu zizophinda zimile zidale inkinga futhi. Ukulwa nokhula kuzokwenza ukuthi inani lemvuno lizokwehla. Nangesikhathi kungekho izitshalo ensimini kufanele ukhula lubulawe. Izimbewu zokhula zingahlala emhlabathini isikhathi eside ngaphambi zihluma lapho isimo sezulu sihle.



Ukubulala ukhula ngamakhemikheli

Kukhona izenzelelo ezithile uma kusetshenziswa amakhemikheli:

Umsebenzi wenzeka masinya – ukudlula ukuhlakula ngemishini. 

Lapho insimu imanzi ugandaganda othwele umshini wokufafaza ungangena kalula kodwa ugandaganda odonsa isikofela uzohluleka. 

Ukwazi ukubulala ukhula ngaphambi luqala ukumila bese alukwazi ukulwa nezitshalo. 

Uma ufafaza, umuthi ufika kuzo zonke izitshalo zokhula uyazibulala, kodwa uma uhlakula ngomshini izitshalo zokhula eziphakathi kwelayini lommbila ziyasala azifi. 

Akudingeki abasebenzi abaningi – ezindaweni eziningi eNingizimu Afrika kusahlakulwa ngezandla. Lokhu kungumsebenzi onzima. Kukhona enye inkinga: ukhula luvama ukumila kakhulu ngesikhathi sikaKhisimusi bese abantu abathandi ukusebenza. Lapho amaholide adlulile, ukhula seluyidalile ingozi. 

Masisebenzisane ngo2010, siwenze “Unyaka Ongenakhula”. Uma sibhekana ngamandla nalento eyodwa ngikholwa ukuthi sizophumelela. 

