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Ihlazo lase-Africa
Owesimame waseGhana uxoxa ngempilo yakhe eseyisigqila sesithixo - umkhuba oshaqisayo lapho amantombazane ehlukunyezwa khona ngokocansi nangokomzimba...
UVUKA ekuseni ngovivi elambile ashanele indawo engcwele ngaphambi kokuba ayosebenza emasimini. Kusihlwa, umfundisi oyisithixo uzomphoqa ukuba alale naye.
"Bathi singabefundisikazi, sibizelwe ukusebenzela onkulunkulu njengamakhosikazi abo kodwa konke lokhu kithina kusho ukuhlupheka kusizwisa ubuhlungu," kusho uJuliana Dogbadzi, owayeneminyaka eyisikhombisa ngesikhathi umndeni wakubo umthumela endaweni engcwele ukuze ayohlawula ngamacala enziwa ngumkhulu wabo owafa kudala.
U-Juliana wagcina ebalekile emva kokuhlukunyezwa iminyaka engu-20. Wahamba esenezingane ezimbili azithola emva kokudlwengulwa, nezibazi zokushaywa emva kokuzama ukubaleka.
Manje uyingxenye yomkhankaso wokuqeda lo mkhuba wezinkolelo zasemandulo entshonalanga ye-Africa owenziwa eGhana nakwamanye amazwe ase-Africa.
Kuthiwa lo mkhuba waqala ngokunikelwa kwezilwane endaweni engcwele njengomhlatshelo wokushweleza konkulunkulu ngecala elenziwe yilungu lomndeni.
Uma kudingeka ukuba umndeni uhlawulele icala lokubulala, umfundisi wayethi ukuhlawula ngesilwane akwanele ufuna kuhlawulwe ngentombi-nto. Imindeni engahlawuli kwakuthiwa iqalekisiwe, izohlushwa yizifo ibulawe yindlala igcine ngokufa.
Ezinye izizukulwane
Uma kufa isigqila noma uma umfundisi esekhathele yisona, umndeni waso kufanele uthumele ozothatha indawo yaso, ukuze lo mkhuba uqhubeke izizukulwane ngezizukulwane.
Njengamanje uJuliana, oneminyaka eko-30 uzama ukusiza abesimame ababili asebekhululekile abangakwazi ukuthola imali yokondla izingane zabo.
"Bafuna ukuphindela ebugqileni kanti anginayo imali yokubasiza. Kusemqoka ukuba ngizame ukubabonisa ukuthi impilo abayiphilayo ingcono kunobugqila."
Lo mkhuba ubabusa kakhulu abakholelwa kuwona kanti labo abangahambisani nawo bathathwa njengamahlubuka - abantu abaphila impilo yasentshonalanga noma abaseGhana bezinye izizwe abagcina amasiko ahlukile.
Imali yokulwa nawo iphuma embuthweni wabeZizwe eziBumbene nakwabe-International Needs, inhlangano yase-Australia ekhulula ifundise izigqila.
Akukho zinyathelo ezithathwa yiziphathimandla zendawo ukulungisa lesi simo kanti namaphoyisa athi awazi lutho ngomthetho ka-1998 owamiswa olwa nalolu siko. Akekho nomuntu owake waboshwa.
"Ngicabanga ukuthi sisebenzile ngokushaya umthetho oqeda lolu siko kanti manje kufanele sithole izindlela zokubahlomisa asebekhululekile," kusho uProsper Senyo osebenzela uhulumeni wendawo e-Adidome esifundeni esiseningizimu-mpumalanga yeGhana nowaqoqela i-UN International Labour Organisation umbiko mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezingane.
Izigqila zocansi
Kungcono ngoba elaseGhana linomthetho eliwushayile. E-Togo, Benin naseNigeria akukho mthetho omiselwe ukulwa nalo mkhuba.
Izibalo azitholakali kalula kodwa kuthiwa ngo-1999 zazingu-5 000 izigqila zezithixo eGhana kanti zazingu-35 000 esifundeni sonke.
Lezo zibalo azisho lutho ngezingane zezigqila zocansi, nazo ezithathwa njenge "mpahla" yomfundisi, okuthiwa zilinganiselwa emashumini ezinkulungwane eGhana kuphela.
Ngokombiko wabombutho weZizwe eziBumbene obizwa ngeViolence Against Women, u-87 percent wezigqila zocansi ezilinganiselwa ku-2 000 owakhululwa ngo-1997 no-1999 usuphindele ebugqileni.
U-Priscilla Kalitsi, ongumphathi osabambile kwabe-International Needs Vocational Training Centre e-Adidome weluleka ababeyizigqila ngokuthi mabaxole bakhohlwe okwabehlela. Kodwa naye kumphatha kabi ukuzwa ngokuhlukunyezwa kwabantu nendlala.
"Izitshudeni angifuni zibone ukuthi ngiphatheka kabi ngoba uma ngike ngazikhombisa, ngeke zixole," kusho yena.
Bafuna intombi-nto
U-Juliana uthi kwanikelwa ngaye eTsaduma ngase-Adidome sekushone amalungu omndeni wakhe amaningi. Wayeyilungu lalo mndeni lesine elenziwa isigqila eTsaduma engena endaweni yomzala wakhe owayeseshonile.
Uthi usewuxolele umndeni wakhe kodwa ngeke amxolele uTogbe Defia owamhlukumeza. "Ngangiseyingane ngesikhathi eya nami ocansini ngenkani," kusho yena.
U-Defia akayivumelanga intatheli ukuba ingene lapho ehlala khona ukuze kubhekwe ukuthi zisekhona yini ezinye izigqila.
Abe-International Needs sebenxephezele abefundisi abanjengoDefia ngokulahlekelwa kwabo yizigqila abazikhululile.
Umfundisi oyisithixo angakhulula isigqila ngemali engango-US$60, ngokukaVincent Azumah isishoshovu esilwela amalungelo esintu osezingxoxweni zokukhululwa kwabayizigqila zocansi.
Wazama ukubaleka
U-Juliana wazama kaningi ukubaleka. Esekwazile ukubaleka, wabona kungcono ukuba angalubhadi emndenini wakhe owamphindisela ebugqileni emva kokuba ebaleke eneminyaka engu-12.
"Ugogo wangitshela ukuthi abafuni ukuba umndeni wakithi ushabalale wonke kungakho bangiphindisela emumva ngoba ayemaningi amalungu omndeni wami ayeseshonile," kusho yena.
U-Juliana akakhumbuli ukuthi wayeneminyaka emingaki ngesikhathi ephuma ebugqileni, ukuthi mingaki iminyaka ayichitha khona nokuthi mingaki iminyaka yezingane zakhe.
Izigqila ezibizwa ngama-trokosis aziyi esikoleni kanti ziphuma lapho zihlala khona seziya kosebenza emasimini.
Uma sezingaphandle akulula ukuba zibaleke ngoba zibonakala kalula ngenxa yezintambo eziboshelwa emiqaleni kanye nendwangu eboshelwa emabeleni.
Uma zigula, zizelapha zona ngamakhambi.
"Amasiko ethu awabahlukumezi abantu, awababulali ngendlala abesimame nezingane, awazidlwenguli izingane," kusho uJuliana.
U-Juliana uthi ukukhululwa kwabo ebugqileni akusho ukuthi sebekhululekile.
Uthi unenhlanhla ngoba wathola indoda engazihluphanga ngomlando wakhe nasethole ezinye izingane ezimbili kuyona.
Kodwa umyeni wakhe wabandakanyeka engozini ngonyaka odlule kanti manje akasasebenzi sekunguJuliana okumele ondle umndeni wakhe ngokudayisa.
"Iningi lamantombazane nabesimame asebekhululekile lithwele kanzima," kusho yena "kodwa kungcono lokho kunobugqila. Sesikhululekile! [z]
BONA ZULU - June 2007
Basenziwa izigqila
BONA ZULU - June 2007
KWESOBUNXELE: Iningi labesimame laqala ukuhlukunyezwa liseyizingane. Bazi ubuhlungu nokuhlupheka kuphela.
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BONA ZULU - June 2007
'Ngangiyingane ngesikhathi eya nami ocansini ngenkani'
NGENHLA: U-Juliana Dogbadzi nenye yezingane zakhe. Wayeneminyaka eyisikhombisa ngesikhathi kuthiwa makayohlawulela amacala enziwa ngumkhulu wabo.
NGENHLA: Indawo ephephile lapho abesimame befundiswa khona abangakwenza ukuze baziphilise.
