Contracting (Maize)  								 Zulu

Ukunkontilaka ekulimeni – izinto ezibalulekile

 

Instructions:

Folio strap: Ukuphatha 

Byline: Imininingwane ithole emenyuweleni leAgricultural Contracting

Photos: 

 

Umkhiqizi (umlimi) oqasha wena ube ngumkontilaki ufisa ukuthola kahle ukuthi umsebenzi uzokwenziwa njani. Wena ongumkontilaki unesibopho sokusebenzela lowo mlimi ngendlela efanelekile ngoba wena uthola umsebenzi kuye. 

Umkontilaki kufanele aqonde kahle okulandelayo:

Umsebenzi othile uqonde ukwenziwa kanjani

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi konke ukulima komhlabathi kuqonde ukulungisela amasimu ukuze kutshalwe izitshalo zokudla. 



Uma isimo somhlabathi sinzima kakhulu kungcono ukuthi umkontilaki atshele umlimi ukuthi ukulima akungeke kwenziwe ngendlela efanelekile – angaqhubeki nje ngomsebenzi bese kutholakala umphumelo omubi kodwa yena ufuna ukuhola. Uma umhlabathi ungalungiswanga kahle kuzodalela umlimi izindleko ezizokwenza ukuthi ahluleke ukulima futhi ngyaka ozayo. Lapho umlimi engatholi inzuzo enhle naye umkontilaki angeke abenomsebenzi. 



Izikhathi zokwenza umsebenzi othile

Ukulima okubalulekile kulandela ukuvuna kwezitshalo ezitshaliweyo. Ezindaweni lapha imvula ina ehlobo kodwa kuzotshalwa izitshalo zasebusika (njengekolo), kungcono ukulima masinya emva kokuvuna. Lokhu kuzokweza ukuthi imvula yasehlobo ingene masinya emhlabathini. 



Emva kokuvuna izitshalo zasehlobo (njengommbila), kufanele kulinywe ngaphambi kokufika kwemvula yasentwasahlobo ukuze imvula izongena kahle emhlabathini. Izinhlobo zezitshalo ezahlukene ezindaweni ezahlukene zidinga izikhathi ezinhle zokutshala ezahlukene. Ukutshala ngesikhathi esifanelekile kubalulekile kakhulu uma ufuna ukuthola umvuno omuhle. Ukulima nokulungisa amasimu kufanele kwenzeke ngaphambi kokufika kwesikhathi esibekwe ukutshala. 



Umkontilaki olungile uzokwazi ukuthi kufanele kusetshenzwe kanjani endaweni ethile futhi unesibopho ukutshela umlimi ucabanga ukuthi isikhathi sesihambe kakhulu noma ukuthi isimo semvula nesomhlabathi sibi kakhulu ukwenza umsebenzi othile. Akusizi lutho ukutshala lapho isikhathi sesihambile ngoba kungavela izingozi eziningi (njengesithwathwa nokoma ngesikhathi izitshalo zihluma) bese umlimi angeke athole inzuzo. Lapho umkontilaki eqhubeka ukutshala emva kwesikhathi uzobulala umsebenzi wakhe nebhizinisi lomlimi. 



Indinganiso yomsebenzi othile

Kunzima ukubeka phansi izidingo zayo yonke imisebenzi kuzo zonke izindawo. Kufanele kubekhona ukuvumelana ngaphakathi komlimi nomkontilaki ngaphambili kokuqala umsebenzi othile. Isibonelo, uma umlimi efisa ukuthi kulinywe amasimu athile ngokujula okuthile kufanele bobabili bakuqonde kahle lokhu futhi kufanele kubhalwe phansi – isibonelo, kufanele kulinywe 30ha ngokujula okulingana na-300 mm. 



Ukutshala ngenkontilaki kunezindinganiso eziqondile. Umlimi uzodinga ukuthi kubekhona inani lezitshalo elithile ehektheleni nenani likamanyolo elithile ehektheleni. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthi umkontilaki aqinisele ukwenza lezo zindinganiso – umphumela omuhle womvuno kuhambelana nendlela nangesikhathi kuzotshalwa ngaso. Kufanele umkontilaki aqinise ukuthi unalo ikhono lokwenza umsebenzi odingekayo ngendlela efanelekile. 



Lapho kufafazwa umuthi ngenkontilaka kubalulekile futhi ukuthi kulinganiswe kahle zonke izinto ezihambelana nalokhu – inani lamakhemikhali elishaya khona namanzi afanelekile azothelwa ehekthelini elilodwa. 



Ikhono lemishini lokwenza umsebenzi othile maqondana namahektheli athile ngosuku olodwa

Ngokwejwayelekile abakhontilaki bathanda ukuthatha umsebenzi ongaphezu kwekhono labo lokwenza lowo msebenzi ngesikhathi esifanelekile nangendlela afanelekile. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba umkhontolaki ufuna ukulima amasimu amaningi ukuze athole imali inzuzo eningi. Kungaba khona ingozi lapha ngoba, uma umlimi (umqashi) engathandi indlela umkhontilaki esebenza ngayo, angeke aphinde aqashe lowo mkhontilaki ngakusasa. 



Kukhona izimo ezamukelwayo ngokujwayelekile ezingasetshenziswa ukulinganisa ukuthi ugandaganda othile odonsa umshini othile ungalima amahektheli amangaki ngosuku olodwa (Ithebula 1). 



Ithebula 1:

Ugandaganda
 
Umshini
 
Ha / ngosuku
 

 
Amasondo angu-2 aletha amandla, 55 kW
 
Igeja elilima imisele angu-3 ngokujula okungu-400 mm 
 
6,6 ha
 

 
 
 
Iripha elishona phansi elinezinyo elilodwa
 
4 ha
 

 
 
 
Idiski elingu-1,8 m 
 
12,2 ha
 

 
 
 
Umsheshane (cultivator) ongashoni ongu-2,9 m
 
17,4 ha
 

 
Amasondo angu-2 aletha amandla, 80 kW
 
Igeja elilima imisele angu-4 ngokujula okungu-400 mm
 
9,5 ha
 

 
 
 
Iripha elishona phansi elinamazinyo angu-3
 
8,4 ha
 

 
 
 
Idiski elingu-2,5 m
 
17 ha
 

 
 
 
Umsheshane (cultivator) ongashoni ongu-3,5 m
 
24,5 ha
 

 


Izindleko zomsebenzi ngamuny ngamunye

Ukubala izindleko zaleyi misebenzi kungaba inkinga ngoba kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili zezindleko ezifanele zingene kulokhu kubala. Imishini ifanele ithengwe kuqala (izindleko zokuqhuba umsebenzi) bese kukhona izindleko zokuyisebenzisa futhi nokyiphatha. 



Ugandaganda othile nemishini ethile kunesikhathi esithile sokusebenza kahle lapho kusetshenziswa kahle futhi imishini iphathwa kahle, bese kuzodingeka ukuthi kuthengwe imishini emisha noma ilungiswe kakhulukazi. Uma sixoxa ngalokhu, singathi ngokwejwayelekile sikhona isilanganiso kulo msebenzi esisho ukuthi isikhathi sikagandaganda sokusebenza singaba iminyaka engu-12 (amahora angu-1 000 ngonyaka, lokhu kuso ukuthi: amahora angu-12 000 = 12 yeminyaka). Isikhathi sokusebenza kwaleyo mishini kutholakala lapho kwakhiwa imishini ethile, futhi ngesikhathi imishini isebenze ngokufanelekile. Lapho kubalwa izindleko zokuthenga nokuqhuba umsebenzi, izindleko zifanele zihlukaniswe ngo-12 – bese kutholakala izindleko zonyaka olodwa maqondana neminyaka umshini ukwazi ukusebenza. 



Kanjalo-ke singasho ukuthi imali esetshenziswe ukuthenga ugandaganda ibolekiwe, bese inzalo (intelo) yemali yokuqhuba umsebenzi ifanele ingene ekubaleni kwezindleko zokulima ihektheli elilodwa. 



Inani lezinsuku elingani njalo ngenyanga 

Lokhu kungaba nethonya (umthelelo) elikhulu maqondana nomsebenzi ozokwenziwa enyangeni ethile. Kufanele kukhunjulwe njalo ukuthi umsebenzi wokulima uhambelana nesimo sezulu – kubalulekile ukuthi siqonde ukuthi imvula ingaba nomthelelo omkhulu emsebenzini womkhontilaki. Kungalahleka izinsuku eziningi zokusebenza lapho izulu lina futhi umhlabathi umanzi kakhulu ukusebenza. 



Xoxa nesteshi sesimo sezulu endaweni yakho (ARC for Soil, Climate and Water ePitoli (012) 310-2500 khuluma noDerick Vermaak).



Isimo sokuphila semishini nesikhathi esiyothatha ukulungisa uma iphuka

Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu uma ungena ebhizinisini lokukhontilaka. Khumbula ukuthi lapho imishini imile, ingasebenzi, akungeke kuphuke lutho – kuzophuka izinto ezidlekile lapho imishini izebenza ngawo onke amandla. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwenza umsebenzi wokuphatha (sevisa) ngesikhathi umsebenzi uthulile. 



Lapho wena ongumkhontilaki ubala amahektheli uqonde ukuwalima ngesikhathi esingaphambili sokulima, khumbula ukuvula isikhala salezo zinsuku lapho ungakwazi ukusebenza ngoba umshini uphukile. 



Isimo sesivumelwano ngaphakathi kwakho nomlimi maqondana neholo 

Akujwayelekile ukuthi abantu basayine ikhontilaka ebhaliweyo ngoba kukhona ezinto eziningi ezingashintsha kulo msebenzi – isibonelo: ukuphuka kwemishini, izulu nokunye futhi. Kufanele izimo zekhontilaki zibekwe phansi ngendlela eqekayo ngoba kukhona lezozinto eziningi ezingonakala – ngakho-ke lokhu okungaqiniselwa kwekhontilaka kungenza ukuthi umkhontilaki nomlimi bobalili bangaphuma kuleso sivumelwano. 



Amakhontilaka afana nelezi angaba isivumelwano ngemlomo noma ukwenza okuthile okuzokwenzeka. Bobabili bazovumelana ukuthi umsebenzi othile uzokwenziwa ngeholo elithile. 



Izibopho zekhontilaka

Ingxenye yezinto ezingadala inkinga ngaphakathi komlimi nomkhontilaki ngubukhulu bamasimu. Umlimi uzozama ukwenza ngathi amasimu angamahektheli amancane, umkhontilaki uzothanda ukuthi amahektheli azolinywayo maningi. 



Ubukhulu bamasimu bufanele buqinisekwe ngendlela eqondile ukuze kungaveli izinkinga ngemva kwesikhathi. Ukusebenzisa iGPS sekwenze ukuthola ubukhulu bamasimu kubelula futhi kuqonde kahle. Kodwa abaningi abantu abanalo lelo theknoloji. Kukhona ezinye izindlela ezilula zokuthola ubukhulu bamasimu. 



Ukugcina (isifinyezo)

UMnz JP le Roux wasePitoli uyihlolise kahle le ndaba yezindleko zemishini wase wahlanganisa igayidi elixoxa ngazo zonke izinto ezihambelana nokwemishini. Leli gayidi (isifundiso) kuyinto engakusiza lapho ucabanga ngezindleko zalo msebenzi. Ungathintana noMnz Koos le Roux lapha: (012) 998-2803, noma 082 828 9531, noma e-mayila koosleroux@absamail.co.za. 



Qaphela kodwa: ekulinganisweni kwakhe uhlanganisa izindleko eziqondile nezindleko ezingaphezulu, kodwa akahlanganisi izindleko zomsebenzi (labo abasebenzela umkhontilaki) nezindleko zokuthutha imishini ukuya endaweni ensha yokusebenza – kufanele inzuzo (iholo) ezotholakala ihlanganiswe nenani lemali elibizwayo nalezo zomsebenzi nalezo zokuhambisa imishini kuleyo ndawo. 

