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Sikhumbula iMafolofolo
Bazama ukucekela phansi isizwe sakhe nedolobha lakhe, kodwa akekho noyedwa owayengacekela impilo yaleli qhawe phansi, kanti njengamanje ekugcineni, indaba yaleli qhawe lenkosi yokholo isiyezwakala…
indaba nguJUSTIN ARENSTEIN noNATALIE NETO
izithombe nguVANESSA GROBLER
KONKE okusele okubonakalayo namuhla ngaleli qhawe lamaKhrestu, yithuna lalo elisepulazini ngaphandle kwaseLydenburg.
Inhloko-dolobha yakuleli dolobha iMafolofolo (okuchaza iNdawo yeNjabulo), namasonto ayo akhiwe ngamatshe, izikole, amakhaya kanjalo nezinqaba zokuzivikela yizinto ezacekelwa phansi eminyakeni engu-130 eyedlule.
Iningi labantu abadala eMafolofolo babulawa, kwathi abasinda baphoqwa ukuba babe yizigqila emva kokufa kwenkosi yabo uKgalema Dinkwanyane, naye owafa ezama ukukhulula abantu bakhe ngokomphefumulo.
Ngeshwa lokhu kubulawa kwabantu kwakuhlelwe ngabaholi bezenkolo bokufika (missioneries) ababenomona besabela ukuthi indawo yaseMafolofolo izobathathela labo abase bengene ngaphansi kwabo. Amabhunu aseduze, nawo abona umbuso wamaKhrestu uzokwenza ukuba angahlonishwa ase ecekela phansi.
“Ngisanda kuzibonela ngokwami ama-akhawunti namanye amarekhodi angu-ngqo eGermany, azo zonke izindawo, ezikhungweni zokugcina umlando wamasonto ayesebenza eSouth Africa ngaleso sikhathi,” kusho usomlando owaziwayo wakuleli uPhrofesa Peter Delius.
Ukubhalwa kabusha komlando
UPhrofesa Delius nguyena mlisa okumanje ubhala kabusha umlando waseMpumalanga. Uhola osomlando abangu-16 ekuvuseleleni “umlando ofihlekile” nendawo oyidlalayo ekwakheni iSouth Africa yanamuhla.
“Impilo kaDinkwanyane iyamaniswa neyezikhathi zakudala zeBhayibheli:
Wayefaniswa noMoses, owahola abantu bakhe wabakhipha ebugqileni wabafaka enkululekweni,” kusho uDelius.
“Wazama ukuhlanganisa inqubo yenkolo yamaKhrestu neyamasiko akwelase-Africa empilweni yanamuhla.
“Ekungabini khona kwendawo yombuso wakhe ngezikhathi ze-19th Century, izinselelo ezavelayo nezixazululo ezaqhamukayo, zikhuluma ngesimo sanamuhla eSouth Africa.”
Ukuphendukela enkolweni yamaKhrestu
UDinkwanyane kwakungumfowabo wengqalabutho yombusi wesizwe sabaPedi uKing Sekhukhune. UDinkwanyane waphendukela enkolweni yamaKhrestu, kodwa ukwenqaba ukubungaza amasiko esintu kwamphoqa ukuba ahambe kule ndawo namakhulu abantu abangamaKhrestu besizwe sabaPedi.
Baqale bazinza endaweni ka-Alexander Merensky eyayiyinqaba eBotshabelo (Okuyindawo yesiPhephelo) eduze kwaseMiddelburg, nokuyilapho basiza khona ekwakheni isikole esikhulu ngaphansi kwe-Zuid Afrikaansche Republiek, nesonto elaziwa umhlaba wonke, amafekthri nenqabakazi iFort Merensky.
Kodwa impilo yayingengcono neze kumaKhrestu kaDinkwanyane.
Iningi labo lalidinwe wukwenqaba kukaMerensky ukuba bavunyelwe ukuthola indawo yokuhlala nokuthi abenkolo babebaphoqelela ukuba basebenzele amaBhunu bekhokha nentela.
UDinkwanyane waqale wazama ukutholela abantu bakhe amalungelo angcono kodwa lokho kwaholela ekudingisweni kwabalandeli bakhe abangu-300 ngo-1873, benqaba ukubuyela ngaphansi koMbuso wabaPedi noma ukuphila ngaphansi kwejoka le-Republiek yamaBhunu.
Esikhundleni salokho wasungula umbuso wamaKhrestu ozimele phakathi kwemingcele yamaPedi neyamaBhunu eduze komfula iSpeckboom River Gorge.
Indawo yeNjabulo
IMafolofolo kwakuyindawo eyayigadwe kakhulu ekubeni nedolobha lakhona lalizungezwe ngezindonga zamatshe ezinde linamasango aqinile nezinsika eziqinile.
Phakathi nendawo kwakukhona isonto elalakhiwe ngamatshe, elikhulu elikwazi ukumumatha umphakathi wonke ngamaSonto. Phakathi nesonto lalisetshenziswa njengesikole.
Kule ndawo kwakulinywa. IMafolofolo yakhula yasimama kwanda nesibalo sabantu bayo.
Kodwa eSouth Africa ngeminyaka yo-1870 abantu baseMafolofolo base bedlondlobale kakhulu.
UDinkwanyane wayesethandwa ngisho yilabo ababemgxeka njengoMkhrestu. Wakwazi ukugwema imibutho yezempi yamaBhunu ayeyizinhloli nayeqoqa intela. Naye futhi wayenempi yakhe eyayinezibhamu.
Ukucasulwa kwabezenkolo
AmaKhrestu amnyama kuyo yonke le ndawo ayeqembukela ukuyohlala eMafolofolo, ngenhloso yokwenqaba ukugqilazwa amaBhunu emapulazini.
Abezenkolo kwabacasula lokhu kangangoba abalimi abamhlophe baze bazinikela ekunxenxeni owayengumongameli ngaleso sikhathi uThomas Burgers ukuba bamashe bekhombisa ukungahambisani nabantu baseMafolofolo. AmaBhunu ajoyinwa amabutho amabili akwelaseSwazini.
AmaBhunu adubula izindonga zaseMafolofolo ngombayimbayi ase elinda ngaphandle, kwase kungena amabutho amaSwazi aqotha abantu baseMafolofolo.
“Sase siqalile isihluku esimangalisayo,” kubhala owazibonela ngamehlo, owezenkolo waseLydenburg uChristian Bauling. “AmaSwazi ayebhongisa okwamabhubesi ngesikhathi eqotha abantu baseMafolofolo.”
“Babulala bonke abantu ababathola kule ndawo, ngaphandle kwabesimame abane nezingane ezine.”
UDinkwanyane nalabo ababemqaphile, bavikela umbuso wakhe bakwazi ukuhlehlisa amabutho amaSwazi.
AmaSwazi agcina ngokubuyela ekhaya. AmaBhunu azibonela ukuthi abantu baseMafolofolo banamandla.
Inkosi uDinkwanyane walimala, wakhothama emva kokuxosha impi yamaSwazi.
Ukucekela phansi
AmaBhunu abuya emva kwezinyanga, kade athunwa uDinkwanyane - esezoqedela ukunqoba nokucekela phansi kwawo emibusweni yokuqala yamaKhrestu eningizimu yakwelase-Africa.
Aqhumisa ngeziqhumane izindawo eziningi kuleli dolobha, kubandakanya nesonto nezinye izakhiwo.
Iliba likaDinkwanyane lasala, kanti lisaqhubeka nokuba yindawo iningi labesizukulwane sakhe abakhonza kuyo.
“Elibeni lakhe, kukhona futhi ezinye izingxenye ezinezindonga zamatshe ezinezimbobo zezibhamu.
“Kuyacasula ukuthi iMafolofolo ayitholakali emabalazweni noma emizileni yabavakashi - ikakhulu ngoba yayinephupho elifanayo nelethu namuhla: inkululeko yokukhetha ukuthi yini esiyithathayo kokudala, nokuthi yini esiyisebenzisayo kokusha,” kusho uPhrofesa Delius.
“Njengendawo yaseMafolofolo, nathi singumphakathi ozabalazela ukulinganisa ukwehlukana okukhona. NjengamaKhrestu akwelase-Africa akudala, nathi sizama ukuhlanganisa amasiko aseNtshonalanga nawase-Africa endleleni entsha yokuphila.”[z]
African Eye News Service/Lowveld Living
BONA ZULU – July 2007
Iyohlale ikhu- njulwa
KWESOBUNXELE: Iqhawe uDinkwanyane inkosi yokuqala eSouth Africa ukuba nguMkhrestu.
NGENHLA: UPhrofesa Delius.
NGENHLA KWESOKUDLA: Isonto elikhulu eBotshabelo elakhiwa ngamaKhrestu kaDinkwanyane.
BONA ZULU – July 2007
u
t
I-South Africa ngeminyaka yo-1870 yayingenandawo yeMafolofolo
BONA ZULU – July 2007
Osekusele kule ndawo eyake yaba yidolobha, yinqwaba yamatshe efana nalawa.
