Ipilo Ehle Emsebenzini Kanye Nokuphepha Kwezelimo Nezamahlathi
Isingeniso
Ingozi, ukulimala kanye namalwele angahlangahlanganisa ipilwakho kanye namabhizinisi. Iinsombululo kanengi zilula begodu aziduri. Begodu abantu abangenza bona amapulasi aphephe balimi kanye nabasebenzi babo. Ipilo kanye nokuphepha sidingo-mleyo sebhizinisi eliragela phambili lezokulima. Imizamo karhulumende ayedwa angeze yenza bona ikoro yezelimo iphephe begodu ibe ngenepilo, kodwana kumsebenzi womuntu woke ebhizinisini lezelimo namahlathi kanye nezokukhiqizwa kokudla bona adlale yakhe indima.
Unyaka nonyaka abantu bayabhubha ngamabanga wemisebenzi ephathelene nezelimo kanye nezamahlathi. Abanengi balimele okusabekako begodu baguliswa ziindawo zabo zokusebenzela. Iingozi kanye nokulimala akubangi ukutlhaga ebantwini kwaphela; kunemiphumela yeemali ethintekako, phakathi kokhunye ifaka lokhu:
Ukwehla komkhiqizo
Iindleko zokulawula – ukufunisisa ngezehlakalo, ukulungisa, njll.
Ukulimala kwemitjhini, kwemakhiwo kanye nomkhiqizo
Ukuphatha iinhlahlubo zeriskhi yezepilo kanye nezokuphepha
Ukuphatha ukuphepha nezepilo yabasebenzi kufana patsi nokuphatha irherho lokuqinisekisa bona isivuno kanye neenlwana zibulungwa ziphilile, zikhiqiza ngezinga eliphezulu begodu zenza bona uhlale usebhizinisini. Abasebenzi bafanele bona baphile kuhle, begodu baphephe ukuze basebenze kuhle begodu bahlale basemsebenzini.
Zoke iinhlangano zitlhoga umthethomgomo ukuze zendlale ihlelo lazo lamagadango azakuthathwa kwezepilo nokuphepha, ngomnqopho wokuragela kumazinga angcono kwezomsebenzi. Ufanele bona utlolwe phasi (umthethomgomo), ulungiswe kuhle begodu wakhelwe phezu kwesibopho esithinta abaphathi behlangano abaphezulu.
Umthethomgomo ufanele bona:
Atjho iminqopho mazombe yezepilo kanye nokuphepha kwabasebenzi bakhe Umqhatjhi ufanele bona atlikitle begodu atlole nelanga ukutjengisa ukuzibophelela kwakhe kiwo
Ahlathulule amarherho kanye neenkambiso ezikhona zokuqinisekisa ipilo nokuphepha kwabasebenzi bakhe
Atjheje begodu abuyekeze ngemva kwesikhathi esithileko nangabe ihlanganwakhe itjhuguluka namkha kuvela amajamo amatjha ayingozi.
Ukuveza ubujamo obungadala ingozi kanye nokuhlahluba iriskhi ebangekako kuqakathekile. Ngaphandle kobana wazi bona ngimaphi amajamo angabanga ingozi endawenakho yokusebenzela, kanye nobukhulu beriskhi obukhona, angeze wazi bona kutlhoga ukulawulwa nanyana kwenziwe njani lokho. Ihlahlubo yeriskhi ifanele bona itjheje kuhle bona khuyini ebhizinisinakho okungabanga ubumbi ebantwini, khona uzakwazi ukulinganisa bona ingabe uhlelele kuhle ngaphambili nanyana kukhona osafanele bona ukwenze. Ngemva kobana sele uthethe isiqunto sezinga leriskhi, uzakutlhoga ukuhloma amahlelo afaneleko wokukhandela kanye nokuvikela. Kunemithombo eminengi yeenyeleliso ezihle ezizakurhelebha nawenza ihlahlubo yeriskhi, kodwana ungasebenzisa ikambiso yamagadango amahlanu alandelako, alula ukukusiza:
Igadango 1: Qala amajamo angabanga ingozi
Qala koke nje endaweni yokusebenzela bona abantu basebenza njani. Hlola amarekhodi weengozi ezidlulileko nanyana imiraro yezepilo. Umnqopho kukubona amajamo angabanga iingozi ezimbi namkha kuthinteke abantu abanengi.
Igadango 2: Tjheja bona ngubani ongalimala begodu njani
Qala abantu abangalimala begodu bangakhi. Nawutjheja bona 'njani', ungalibali izinto ezifana nomsebenzi wokusevisa, lapho amajamo weengozi amatjha angavela khona.
Igadango 3: Linganisa iriskhi engavela ebujameni obuyingozi begodu uthathe igadango lokuphungula namkha ukulawula
Linganisa bona iriskhi ngayinye emajameni angabanga ingozi bona ilawuleke kuhle kangangani.
Izinto zokulawula zingaba ngezilunge patsi namkha zingaphuhliswa. Abasebenzi banemikhumbulo emihle, evela ekusebenzeni kwabo kwangamalanga begodu ngalokhu kufanele ubabandakanye ekuthatheni iinqunto zokulawula.
Ngemva kobana sele uthethe isiqunto sokobana khuyini okufanele kwenziwe, uzakufanele bona uhlele bona uzakwenza njani begodu nini lokho. Ukurekhoda okutholileko kuzakurhelebha bona wenze lokhu.
Igadango 5: Tjhejisisa ihlahlubwakho begodu ubuyekeze nakutlhogeka
Uzakutlhoga bona uqale godu ihlahlubwakho nangabe kunomahluko omkhulu owenzekileko endleleni enisebenza ngayo namkha nangabe unamabanga wokucabanga bona indlela egade isetjenziswa ayisasebenzi.
Imiraro yezepilo kwezelimo kanye nezamahlathi
Ukusebenza kwezelimo kanye nezamahlathi kungaletha imiraro yezepilo yabasebenzi, ngamabanga amanengi, kubalwa hlangana namanye lawa alandelako:
Ukuthintana neenlwana
Ukuba semrarweni wokuba semakhemikhalini ayingozi namkha okhunye
Ukusebenza ngamandla
Ukusebenza emajameni wezulu, itjhada namkha ukusikinyeka.
Ihlobo lomsebenzi ofuna amandla
Ukusebenza ngemithwalo ebudisi namkha ukusebenza eendaweni ezingasizihle, kungabanga imiraro yemisipha kanye namathambo. Lokhu kungaba buhlungu neenhlabi ezithweni, emalungeni namkha emhlana okungabangwa kutshinyeka namkha kudosa budisi khulu.
Ufanele bona wenzeni?
Balekela ukuguga izinto ezibudisi lapho kukghoneka khona, namkha sebenzisa imitjhini
Yenza isiqiniseko sokobana indawo osebenzela kiyo ihlelwe ngendlela yokobana izinto kanye nemikhiqizo ifikeleka lula ngaphandle kokuzithabulula kabudisi begodu linga nokutjhugulula umsebenzi namkha khamba khamba khona uzakusebenzisa imisipha eyahlukeneko esemzimbenakho
Ukuthuthwa ngezandla kweentjalo namkha iintjalo ezincani emabangeni amade khulu kufanele bona kubalekelwe ngendlela engakghoneka ukuze amaphilo wabasebenzi avikeleke.
Ukusebenzisa imitjhini ngendlela ephephileko
Iingozi ezinengi ezimbi emapulasini zibangwa mitjhini. Ezinye zenzeka ngombana umtjhini usetjenziselwe umsebenzi ongakafaneli; ezinye ngombana akunazinto zokuphepha ezinikelweko namkha ziliswe ngobutjhapha nje. Kufanele bona kube nerherho lokuhlola amathulusi wokusebenza, kubalwa nemitjhini, bona iphephile ukuba ingasetjenziswa. Nangabe amathulusi asetjenziswa emajameni angasimahle, afanele bona ahlolwe njalo nje bona akalimali lokhu okungabanga iingozi, begodu nangabe kusemajameni amambi angenza bona amathulusi angaphephi.
Ufanele bona wenzeni?
Yenza isiqiniseko sokobana imitjhini oyisebenzisako ikufanele ukusebenza lokho
Yoke imitjhini iyaseviswa khona izakuphepha
Amathulusi asetjenziselwa ukutjala imithi afanele bona enzelwe umsebenzi lowo. Amathulusi wezelimo kanengi akakakulungeli ukutjala imithi
Iimbambo zamathulusi wokutjala zifanele bona zenziwe ngendlela yokuphungula ukudluliselwa kokutjhogwa yigezi ezandleni nangabe izinyo lokutjala libetha ilitje namkha umrabhu
Nawuthenga namkha uqhatjha umtjhini, umthetho ufuna bona umthengisi/ umqhatjhisi womtjhini akunikele iinkhandela-ngozi zakhona. Yenza isiqiniseko sokobana wena kanye nabasebenzi bakho:
Nisebenzisa imitjhini ngokuya kweenyalelo eninikelwe zona
Nihlole woke amathulusi begodu nilungise yoke imiraro ngaphambi kobana nithome ukuyisebenzisa
Nihlole bona izinto zokulawula zimeregwe kuhle ukutjengisa bona zenzani begodu zilawula miphi imitjhini, begodu zakhiwe begodu zabekwa endaweni engeze wayigadanga namkha wayikghwatha ngephoso emtjhinini lowo
Abasebenzi babandulwa ngokusebenza ngokuphepha begodu banikelwa begodu basebenzisa iimpahla ezifaneleko zokuphepha.
Iingozi ezinengi ngemitjhini zenzeka ngesikhathi sokusevisa namkha ukukhumula ukusebenza. Yenza isiqiniseko sokobana:
Abasebenzi babandulwa ngefanelo ukwenza umsebenzi
Imitjhini namkha iingcenye eziphakanyiswe ngehayidrolikhi zikhandelwa bona ziwele phasi ngokusebenzisa imitjhini efana namastophu namkha amajege ngesikhathi abantu basebenza ngaphasi kwayo.
Boke abasebenzisi (ama-opheretha) bafanele bona benze isiqiniseko sokobana:
Bayazi bona ijanyiswa njani imitjhini ngaphambi kokuthoma ukuyisebenzisa
Bayidumisa njalo nje endaweni efaneleko (imitjhini)
Indawo eduze komtjhini ongatjhidiko ihlanzekile, ibutheke kuhle begodu akukho zinto eziwuthikamezako
Induna itjelwa msinyazana nangabe umtjhini awusebenzi kuhle
Abasebenzako bambatha izambatho zokuzivikela kanye namathulusi afaneleko.
Ungathomi:
Usebenzise umtjhini ngaphandle kobana unikelwe imvumo begodu ubanduliwe ngokuwusebenzisa
Ulinge ukususa izinto ezibhloge umtjhini namkha uhlanze umtjhini ngaphandle kokuba ukhunyuliwe egezini begodu umtjhini ujamile
Wembathe amaketanghi alengako, iimpahla ezilengako, amaglavu namkha amarenghi namkha ube neenhluthu ezide ezingabanjwa eengcenyeni ezikhambako zomtjhini
Uthikameze abantu abasebenzisa umtjhini.
Ukuthutha kanye nokuphatha izinto
Enye imbangela yengozi kwezelimo kuketuka kwamatregere. Iingozi ezimbi lapho kuhlongakala khona abantu zijayelekile, begodu zingafaka phakathi abatjhayeli, abanye abasebenzi kanye nabakhamba ngeenyawo. Ezinye iingozi zenzeka ngesikhathi abantu batjhiya iinkoloyi ngaphandle kokwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ikoloyi leyo angeze yakhamba namkha ibange ingozi.
Hlala uhlola lokhu:
Abatjhayeli babandulwe ngefanelo begodu abantu abangakagunyazwa abavunyelwa bona batjhayele
Iinkoloyi kanye nabakhamba ngeenyawo bakhamba ngokuhlukana, lapho kukghoneka khona
Imithwalo iyaqiniswa begodu ibotjhwe kuhle
Abatjhayeli bavikelwa ezintweni eziwako
Abatjhayeli basebujameni obuhle bepilo ngaphambi kokutjhayela
Iinkoloyi zakho namkha imitjhini etjhayelwa babantu namkha abakhwelileko izaliswa ngamahlelo wokuvikela nayiwako
Iinlodlhelo zibekwa ziphephe ngesikhathi iinkoloyi zingasetjenziswa.
Hlelela kuhle begodu uhlele kuhle ilifthi, kusetjenziswa amathulusi afaneleko kanye nabantu abanekghono lokuphungula amariskhi. Yenza isiqiniseko sokobana:
Woke amathulusi wokuphakamisa ahlolwa kuhle begodu soke isikhathi, mumuntu onebandulo elifaneleko
Imithwalo efunekako yemithwalo emsebenzini iyameregwa emtjhinini wokuphakamisa. Ungathomi weqe umthwalo ofanele bona uwuthwale ngomtjhini
Iintjengiso zobudisi bemithwalo zemitjhini yokubamba zisebenza kuhle
Ngesikhathi utjhayela, kokulayitjha ngaphambili kuyaphakama nangabe akunalitho elilayitjhiweko, begodu lehliselwe phasi nangabe kukhona okulayitjhiweko, ngaphandle kokuba lokhu kungabanga iriskhi, isib. endleleni yomphakathi.
Itjhada kanye nokunyakaza
Ukuba setjhadeni elikhulu kungabanga umraro wokungezwa kwasafuthi eendlebeni, kanengi lowo onomraro angeze azi ngalomraro anawo kuze kube kulapho angasezwa khona sanhlobo.
Khetha imitjhini engarasi namkha iinkambiso ngesikhathi ukhetha iindlela zokukhiqiza namkha imitjhini emitjha
Phungula isikhathi sokuba setjhadeni ngokudlheganisa abasebenzi
Lapho kunetjhada elifikelela ku- 90 dB namkha phezulu, zimerege iindawezo njangalezo ezifuna 'kuvikelwe iindlebe', usebenzise amatshwayo atjhoko bona kufanele kufakwe iinkhandela-tjhada zendlebe begodu wenze isiqiniseko sokobana woke umuntu ongena ngapho ufaka kokukhandela itjhada.
Ukusebenzisa kanengi namkha ngokwedluleleko kwamathulusi asikinyekako afana neensarha, kokusika amabhratjhi namkha amagrayindara kungaletha umraro wokuvevezela namkha ukutatazela kwesandla nomkhono – isiqhema samalwele okubalwa hlanga ukuvevezela komuno omhlophe, kwemizwa, kwemisipha namkha ukulimala kwamalunga. Amatshwayo wokuyelelisa afaka phakathi ukuba nekaso namkha ukufa kwemino, imino etjhuguluka ibe mhlophe emajameni amakhaza namkha amanzana, kulandelwe kuhlohlonya.
Ukutjhayela itregere namkha eminye imitjhini ezikhambelako kungenza umzimba bona ube nomsikinyeko ongakhambisana nobulwele besihlabi emhlana namkha isihlabi enyongeni namkha edolweni. Amatshwayo wokuyelelisa afaka ukuqina komhlana, inyonga namkha idolo ngemva kokusebenza ngetregere.
Ungenzani?
Sebenzisa imitjhini efaneleko emsebenzini
Sevisa imitjhini kuhle, isib. ufake iinkhandeli kunyakaza eensarheni
Khamba ngebelo elifaneleko ngokwamajamo wehlabathi, ubalekele imigodi, njll.
Ukubalekela ukulimala emzombelezeni weengazi, imizwa, imisipha kanye namathambo esandleni kanye nemikhonweni ngokunyakaza kwesandla nomkhono:
Hlela kuhle imisebenzi ukubalekela ukusebenzisa imitjhini esikinyekako
Khetha amathulusi anyakaza kancani
Dlheganisa abasebenzi lapho kukghoneka khona begodu kuphunyulwe ngefanelo
Futhumeza izandla ngaphambi kokuthoma ukusebenza begodu zibulunge zitjhisa.
Ukusebenza ngaphandle
Ukusebenza ngaphandle, khulu khulu elangeni namkha emakhazeni amakhulu kungaba yingozi.
Ufanele bona wenzeni?
Iimpahla zokusebenza zifanele bona zenziwe ngematheriyali eyenza bona umzimba womsebenzi uhlala womile begodu unokutjhisa okufaneleko. Nawusebenza emajameni wokutjhisa atjhisako begodu omileko, ipahla efaneleko ifanele bona yembathwe ukukhandela ukuvikeleka khulu begodu nokuvumela ukuphefumula
Izambatho ezivikeleke ngokufaneleko zifanele bona zinikelwe lapho kuneriskhi ye-UV radiation namkha ubujamo beengozi zomzimba, obufana neentjalo eziyitjhefu, iinlwana kanye nokulunywa.
Iinlwana
Ukukghwathana neenlwana kungabanga amalwele athathelwana phakathi kweenlwana nabantu (ama-zoonoses). Iingogwana ezifana nebhakhtheriya, amavayirasi, amapharasayithi kanye nefungi ingabanga amalwele ngokuhlasela umzimba nayirhogelwa, iginywa namkha ngesikhathi ingena esikhunjeni somuntu. Amatshwayo angaba malwele wesikhumba ukuya kumajamo afana nomgomani ongaphelelisa ngokuba bulwele obuthatha isikhathi nangabe abulatjhwa.
Phungula iriskhi ngokugcina ifuyo iphilile. Ihlabe i-endo lapho kufanele khona
Yenza bona uhlale uphilile. Hlamba izandla njalo nje ngaphambi kokudla, ukusela namkha ukubhema
Yembatha izambatho ezifaneleko zokukhandela amalwele ezifana nama-ovaroli ngesikhathi usebenza ngeenlwana, khulu khulu nangabe ziyagula, namaglavu kanye nefasikothi nangabe ubamba imikhiqizo namkha okuncani kwakhona (abentwana)
Vala zoke iinlonda kanye nemirhuzuko ngezinto ezingangeni amanzi.
Izinto ezingaba yingozi
Amatshwayo wokuyelelisa angafaka lokhu:
Ukuluma/ ukuphuma kweminyembezi emehlweni kanye nokuphuma kwamathimila
Ukuvaleka kweempumulo
Umphimbo obuhlungu
Ukukhohlela okuzele iinkhohlela namkha kesinye isikhathi zingekho
Ukuphelelwa mumoya
Ukuqina kwesifuba ngesikhathi usebenza, ngemva kokusebenza namkha ngesikhathi wenza into obugade ujayele ukuyenza lula nje
Lamatshwayo angaba yinto evela kwesikhatjhana ngesikhathi usebenza, namkha angarhagala begodu akubambe isikhathi eside kuze kube kulapho ahlala akhona kuwe njalo nje. Angarhagaliswa nakuba sentweni encazana kilokhu okukutshwenyako, namkha avuswe ngikho. Nangabe uyabhema, usemrarweni wokuba phakathi kwezinto lezi, usengozini yokuvela imiraro emimbi khulu yesifuba.
Kuqakathekile ukuzivikela wena kanye nabasebenzi bakho. Balekela ukurhogela izinto eziyingozi ngoku:
Sebenzisa ezinye izinto ezingasiyingozi ekulu lapho kukghoneka khona
Ukuvalela imithombo yethuli namkha imitjhutjhuzelo
Ukuphuhlisa ukufakwa kommoya emakhiweni
Nawusebenzisa iinhlahla zeenlwana, njalo nje:
Hlanza iinsalela esikhumbeni kanye nezambathweni zakho msinyazana, begodu uhlanze izandla ngaphambi kokudla, ukusela namkha ukubhema. Ungathomi usebenze phakathi kweenlwana oqeda ukuzisebenza nangabe kungenzeka bona utshwayeleke
Landela nanyana ngiziphi iindlela ezirhabako ezivezwe bakhiqizi, isib. nemijovo ene-oli
Ukuphatha kanye nokutjala iintjalo ezithelwe ngamakhemikhali
Nawuphatha begodu utjala imithi ethelwe amakhemikhali ayingozi ngaphambi kobana itjhefu leyo iphelelwe sikhathi, abaqhatjhi bafanele bona banikele begodu balindele bona abasebenzi basebenzise izambatho zomuntu ngamunye zokuzivikela (ama-PPE)
Iintjalo ezifakwe iinhlahla zifanele bona ziphathwe ngetjhejo ukubalekela ukusilaphazelela abasebenzako. Zifanele bona zipakwe kuhle begodu zithuthwe endaweni yokusebenzela ngendlela eyenza bona zingathinteki lula, ukubalekela iingozi.
Imigodla yokutjala namkha iinkhwanyana namkha esinye nesinye isimumathi sokuthutha iintjalo ezifakwe amakhemikhali endaweni yokusebenzela zifanele bona zithanyelwe kungasali litho begodu zihlanzwe kuhle, qobe yilanga.
Ukuphepha kanye nehlalakuhle endaweni yokusebenzela
Iingozi ezinengi kwezelimo kanye nezamahlathi zibangwa kutjhelela, ukutribheka kanye nokuwa. Tjheja bona iindawo zokusebenzela azinazinto eziqabako ezifana nemitato ekhamba phasi, imigodla namkha amatjana (iingaqa) begodu uqinisekise bona kunendawo eyaneleko yokubeka amathulusi kanye nematheriyali. Bulunga umakhiwo wakho usebujameni obuhle, wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi ifluru ayizali ngokweqileko, khulu khulu eendaweni zokudlisela ifuyo namkha emakhiweni emidala.
Idreyini esebenza kuhle eendaweni ezimanzi ezifana nalapho kuhlanzelwa khona imirorho namkha ideri
Izinga lokutjhisa elilingeneko kanye nokufakwa kommoya, kubalwa ummoya omutjha eendaweni zokusebenzela ngaphakathi kwemakhiwo
Irhelebho lokuthoma kanye nokusizwa ebujameni oburhabako
Njengombana kuqakathekile bona abasebenzi bezamahlathi kanye nezelimo bona basebenze ngeenqhenyana ezincani eendaweni ezihlukeneko, umsebenzi woke ufanele bona abandulwe ngomleyo wesizo lokuthoma. Ibandulweli lifanele bona lifake phakathi ukutjhejwa kwamanceba avulekileko kanye nokusiza otsirimezekile bona aze akghone ukuphefumula. Eendaweni lapho umsebenzi ufaka khona ingozi yokungadakwa makhemikhali namkha intuthu, ukulunywa ziinyoka, iinunwana namkha iinswebu namkha okhunye okuyingozi, ibandulo lesizo lokuthoma lifanele bona landiswe ngefanelo ngokuthintana nomsebenzi namkha ihlangano ekwaziko ukubandula ngefanelo
Amakhithi wesizo lokuthoma atjhejwe kuhle namkha amakasana wakhona afanele bona ahlale asebujameni obuhle endaweni yokusebenzela begodu afanele bona akhandelwe bona angasilaphazwa mswakama namkha izinto ezingawawela
Kufanele kube nendlela yokungakhupha ngokurhabako umuntu nakungenzeka abe sengozini namkha agule lokhu okufuna irhelebho lamadorhodera
Kokuthutha namkha kokuthintana nabangasiza eendaweni zokusebenzela nakunesidingo sobujamo oburhabako, kufanele bona kube khona.
Kuneriskhi yokugula ezintweni eziyingozi namkha imihlambuluko yeenlwana namkha eminye imikhiqizo yeenlwana ethwele iingogwana ezincani ezingaba yingozi. Nangabe unabasebenzi abaqhatjhwe ngokuzeleko, isikhathi esingakazali, abasebenzi ngeenkhathi ezithileko, banikele amathuba wokuphumula afaka phakathi lokhu:
Izindlu zokuzithuma ezihlanzekile, ezingenisa ummoya omutjha
Iindawo zokuhlambela, namkha kokusula izandla kubasebenzi abasebenza endaweni ekude neyokuhlambela
Iindawo zokutjhintjha izambatho lapho kwembathwa khona izambatho ezithileko zomsebenzi
Indawo yokusela amanzi ahlanzekileko (itjengiswe ukuyihlukanisa kunamanzi angaselwako).
Ukubika amalwele wemsebenzini
Amanye amalwele abangwa msebenzi afanele bona abikwe kumNyango wezabaSebenzi. Ungathola ubulwele ofanele ububike nangabe usebenza:
Nawufuna ilwazi elinabileko, sibawa uthintane nesentha yezabasebenzi yangekhenu namkha i-ofisi lephrovinsi.
