UMTHETHO WOBUFAKAZI
IKOMBA
OKUMUMETHWEKO IKHASI
ISINGENISO 1
IMIQONDO ESISEKELO 1
Ubufakazi 1
Iintlabagelo Zobufakazi 1
Ipikiswano 3
Amaphuzu wendaba
Amaphuzu akhambisana namaphuzu wendaba
Ubufakazi Bokuthoma
Ubufakazi Besibili
Ubufakazi obuphathekako obuphethiweko
Ubufakazi obunemibandela
Ubufakazi Obunqophileko
Ukwamukeleka
Ukunqophana
Ithuba
Uwamukela Okuhlelekileko Nokungakahleleki
Ukuvuma
Isaziso Somthetho
Umthwalo wobufakazi obuphathekako Nomthwalo Obufakazi
IMIQONDO ESISEKELO KUMTHETHO WOBUFAKAZI
ISINGENISO
Umthetho wobuFakazi usisetjenziswa esiqakatheke khulu komunye nomunye umuntu othanda ukwenza umthetho. Umuntu nafuna ukusebenzisa isisetjenziswesi ngepumelelo nangekghono kuqakathekile kobana azwisise imiqondo ethize esisekelo abatloli bemitlolo eyahlukahlukeneko abanande bakhuluma ngayo kumThetho wobuFakazi.
Ihloso yomtlolo lo kulungiselela nokuhlomisa abantu kobana babone begodu bajayele imiqondo esisekelo kumThetho wobuFakazi nokubabonelela ngesisekelo esizakwenza bakghone ukukhulumisana nomThetho wobuFakazi ngokuphelela kwawo.
IMIQONDO ESISEKELO
Ubufakazi
Ubufakazi bakhiwa lilwazi elilethwa ngaphambi kwekhotho ukwenza ikhotho ikghone ukuqunta malungana namaphuzu aphathelene nendaba leyo.
Iintlabagelo Zobufakazi
Iintlabagelo zobufakazi kutjho zoke iintlabagelo ezingasetjenziswa njengobufakazi ekhotho.
UmThetho wobuFakazi uphathelene nokuqinisekisa amaqiniso kanye nokulawula indlela amaqiniso aqinisekiswa ngayo. Amaqiniso angaqinisekiswa ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukahlukeneko zeentlabagelo zobufakazi.
Iintlabagelo zobufakazi zakhiwa ngilokhu:
Ubufakazi bomlomo, Obutloliweko nofana Obuphathekako
Isaziso somThetho
Umfanekiso ukhombisa isitjengiso esibonakalako samaphiko ahlukahlukeneko womthetho; sikhombisa bonyana uwela ngakiliphi iphiko umThetho wobuFakazi; ihlathululo yomThetho wobuFakazi begodu ukhombisa nokuthi inaziphi iinTlabagelo zobuFakazi.
UMTHETHO
UmThetho oJamileko UmThetho weKambiso
UmThetho wobuFakazi
UMTHETHO WOBUFAKAZI
UKUQINISEKISWA KWAMAQINISO
NGENDLELA YEENTLABAGELO ZOBUFAKAZI
Ubufakazi Ukwamukela okuHlelekileko Isaziso somThetho kuhlawumbisa
Ukwamukela okuNgakahleleki
Ukuvuma
Ipikiswano
Ipikiswano yombuso kanye nesivikelo akubumbi ubufakazi, kwaphela kunobungako obulandelelako. Kumumethe imibono nofana iimphakamiso ezinqophe ukugandelela ubujamo obusemthethweni nofana ubujamo obuneqiniso begodu kusetjenziselwa ukuzuza ikhotho kobana yenze iimfunisiso ezithize.
Ngaphambi kobana kwethulwe isigwebo, iinqhema zinikelwa ithuba lokuletha ipikiswano yokuvala ekhuluma ngobufakazi obethulwe nakubangwa umlandu.
Amaqiniso endabeni
Amaqiniso endabeni maqiniso okumele aqinisekiswe siqhema ukuze siphumelele emlandwini.
Amaqiniso akhambisana namaqiniso wendaba
Amaqiniso athanda ukuqinisekisa nofana ukuphikisa amaqiniso wendaba.
Isibonelo: Emlandwini ophathelene nombelethi ongubaba, ukufaniswa kwakababa kuzakuba liqiniso lendaba, ukuya emsemeni nobaba wakhona kuzakuba liqiniso elikhambisana neqiniso lendaba.
Ubufakazi Bokuthoma
Ubufakazi bokuthoma kutjho bonyana bufakazi obungcono nofana kutjho bona akunabufakazi (obuqinileko) obunye obukhona.
Ubufakazi Besibili
Ubufakazi besibili kutjho bonyana kunobufakazi obungcono nofana bukhe baba khona.
Isibonelo: Umtlolo wamambala uthathwa njengobufakazi bokuthoma bese ikhophi ithathwe njengobufakazi besibili.
Ubufakazi obuphathekako obujamileko
Ubufakazi obuphathekako obujamileko kutjho ubufakazi bokugcina nobungeze baphikiswa nganofana ngibuphi ubufakazi obujamelene nabo.
Ubufakazi Obunemibandela
Ubufakazi obunemibandela bubufakazi obungakanqophi.
Isibonelo: Ekubangweni komlandu wokubulala, kunganikelwa ubufakazi bokobana u-A gade anehloso yokubulala u-B nokobana wabonwa agijima aphuma kwa-B aphethe umukhwa oneengazi.
U-X ufakaza bonyana uzwe kuphuka amarhalasi, wathi naqalako wabona u-Y ajame ngaphambi kwefesidere eliphukileko kwa-Z aphethe ilitje esandleni sakhe.
Ubufakazi Obunqophileko
Ubufakazi obunqophileko bufakazi obubonwe ngufakazi ngamehlo.
Isibonelo: Ekubangweni komlandu wokubulala, u-C ufakaza bonyana gade ajame ngaphandle kwefesidere lomuzi ka-B, wabona u-A ahlaba u-B.
Ukwamukeleka
Ukwamukele kutjho ukwamukelwa kobufakazi, akunazinga lokwamukeleka. Ubufakazi buyamukeleka nofana abamukeleki.
Ukuthi ubufakazi buyamukeleka nofana njani kuya ngokuthi buyakhambisana nokobana ukwamukeleka kwabo kuzakubanga ukuzindlekela kumsolwa.
Ukwamukeleka okunombandela
Ukwamukela ubufakazi ukuya ngombandela wokwaneliseka ekugcineni komlandu. Nakube ubujamo abaneliseki, ubufakazi abuthathwa.
Ikhotho yezwa bonyana umtlolo ungasetjenziswa nakubuzwa imibuzo phezu kobana ukuba semthethweni kwawo kuphikiswa siqhema esiphikisako. Kuba kwaphela ngemva kobana umbuso sele uvale umlandu lapha abphikisako baba nethuba khona lokuletha ubufakazi bokubasemthethweni. Nakube ukuba semthethweni akuqinisekiswa, nanyana ngibuphi ubufakazi obuvela ekubuzeni imibuzo kumele ikhotho ibuphayilele eqadi.
Ukunqophana
Ukuze ikhotho iqunde bonyana kuyanqophana, kumele itjheje bonyana ubufakazi obethulweko buyakhambisana namaqiniso wendaba na.
Ithuba
Ithuba lilungelo nofana sibopho esidingwa ngufakazi nofana siqhema ukugodlela ikhotho ubufakazi obuphathekako. Kunemihlobo emibili yamaThuba: Ithuba langasese neThuba lomBuso.
Ukwamukela okuHlelekileko nokuNgakahleleki
Ukwamukela okuHlelekileko
Ukwamukela ohlelekileko kukwamukela okwenziwa ekhotho okubumba ubufakazi obujamileko obungeke bahlangahlangiswa nofana butsonyulwe ngaphandle kwanange kuneendingo ezithize zomthetho ezanelisiweko.
Ukwamukela okuNgakahleleki
Ukwamukela okungakahleleki kukwamukela okwenziwa ngaphandle kwekhotho okungahlathululwa nofana kuhlangahlanganiswe.
Ukuvuma
Ukuvuma kukulokha umsolwa namukela umlandu ngokukhanyako, okuthi nakube kwenziw ekhotho yomthetho, kwamukelwa njengokuVunywa komLandu.
Isaziso somThetho
Isaziso somthetho kutjho lokha ikhotho nayamukela amaqiniso ngelwazi elivamileko kanye nelwazi elijayelekileko njengokuqinisekisiweko okungakaqinisekiswa bufakazi obuphambili.
Ukuhlawumbisa kutjho isiphetho esisuselwa emaqinisweni athize ngokuqaliswa emthethweni. Kunemihlobo emithathu yokuhlawumbisa:
Umthwalo wobufakazi obuphathekako Nomthwalo Obufakazi
Umthwalo wobuFakazi
Umthwalo wobufakazi kutjho umsebenzi nofana isibopho sesiqhema sokuqinisekisa indabaso ngaphezu kokuzaza emlandwini wobelelesi umthwalo wobufakazi buya ngokutjhutjhiswa.
Umthwalo wobuFakazi
Umthwalo wobufakazi kutjho isibopho sesiqhema ukuveza ubufakazi obaneleko ukwenza ikhotho ikwazi ukubiza isiqhema sizokuphendula nokuveza ubufakazi obaneleko ukutjhijila i-prima facie yomlandu eyenziwa siqhema esiphikisako.
