ISINDEBELE 



(Outer cover) 


(SAPS emblem & illustration as on the said cover)






  INCWAJANA YOKUTHWASISA





                       ISAHLUKO   2



                                         Ukubopha














                                          OKUMUMETHWEKO
                                                    
                                              UKUBOPHA 


                                                     2. 
                                        Umtlamo Wesifundo 
                                                    2.1	
                                               Iminqopho 
                                               2.2	
                         Yini Umnqopho Wokubopha Umuntu? 
                                               2.3	
                                Ubotjhwa Njani Umuntu
                                              2.4	
                        Amalungelo Womuntu Obotjhiweko 
                                             2.5	
            Ukuqintelwa Kwamalungelo Womuntu Obotjhiweko 
                                            2.6	
            Ukusetjenziswa Kwamandla Nakubotjhwa Umuntu 
                                       2.6.1	
Imithetjhwana Elawula Ukusetjenziswa Kwamandla Nakubotjhwa                     
                                    Umuntu 
                                      2.6.2	
     Izinto Ekufuze Ziqalwe Nakusetjenziswa Amandla Ukubopha      
                                    Umuntu
                                     2.6.3	
Ngemva Kokusetjenziswa Kwamandla, Ikhotho Ingahlola Amaphuzu                
                                        Amane
                                           2.7	
         Amapholisa Angamdumuza Nakwenzenjani Umsolwa Obalekako
                                           2.8	
          Ukusetjenziswa Kwamandla Ukusetjha Umuntu Obotjhiweko
                                         2.9	
                       Ividiyo Ngokubotjhwa Komuntu 
                                        2.10	 
                          Isirhunyezo / Imibuzo 
                                       2.11	
                            Amathranspharensi 
                                       2.12	
      Amaphowusta Ngamalungelo Wabantu Ababotjhiweko 
                                       2.13	 
  Umthombo Welwazi Nemitlolo Ekuphakanyiswa Bona Uyifunde





 
 

                                                 UKUBOPHA 
                                              IMIZUZU ELI-130 
                                         UMTLAMO WESIFUNDO 


Okungaphakathi               Ekufuze Ukwenze                        Isikhathi 
2.1	Iminqopho


2.2	  Yini Umnqopho Wokubopha Umuntu 


2.3	Ubotjhwa Njani Umuntu

2.4	Amalungelo Womuntu Obotjhiweko

2.5	 Ukuqintelwa Kwamalungelo Womuntu Obotjhiweko

2.6	Ukusetjenziswa Kwamandla Nakubotjhwa Umuntu
 
2.6.1. Imithetho Yokusetjenziswa Kwamandla Nakubotjhwa Umuntu

2.6.2. Izinto Eziqalwako Nakusetjenziswa Amandla Nakubotjhwa Umuntu

2.6.3. Ngemva Kokusetjenziswa Kwamandla Amakhotho Angaqalisisa Izinto Ezine 

2.7	 Amapholisa Angamdumuza Nini Umsolwa Obalekako

2.8	Ukusetjenziswa Kwamandla Ukusetjha Umuntu Obotjhiweko    

2.9	 Ividiyo Ngokubotjhwa Komuntu 

2.10	Isirhunyezo / Imibuzo 
Umsebenzi 2.1: Funda iminqopho

Umsebenzi 2.2: Iinqhenyana zababili ngababili

Umsebenzi 2.3:  Ukubonisana





Umsebenzi 2.4: Ukubonisana

Umsebenzi 2.5: Iinqhenyana





Umsebenzi 2.6: Ukubonisana

















Umsebenzi 2.7: Ukubonisana  







Umsebenzi 2.8: Ividiyo



Umsebenzi 2.9: Imibuzo / Ukubonisana  
Imizuzu emi-2 


Imizuzu eli-10



Imizuzu ema-45 






Imizuzu ema-20 


Imizuzu eli-15






Imizuzu eli-10


















Imizuzu eli-15








Imizuzu eli-10



Imizuzu emi-3  

2.1	IMINQOPHO  

Ekupheleni kwalesisahluko umfundi kufuze bona akghone ukuveza bona selasazi ngalokhu okulandelako, befuthi selakwazi nokukuhlonipha: 

* Ilungelo lokukhululeka komuntu kunye nokuphepha komuntu;
* Amalungelo womuntu obotjhiweko ngokomThethosisekelo;
* Iindlela okungizo nezilungileko zokubopha umuntu; kunye 
* Nokusetjenziswa kwamandla ngendlela elungileko nakubotjhwa umuntu

ngeenqhenyana zokubonisana neenqhenyana ezikhamba ngababili ngababili. 


2.2	YINI UMNQOPHO WOKUBOPHA UMUNTU?  

Ukubopha umuntu yindlela esemthethweni yokwenza iqiniso lokuthi umsolwa obotjhwako loyo uya ekhotho. Nokho-ke umuntu obotjhiweko kuthathwa bona umsulwa, bekuvezwe ubufakazi bokuthi unomlandu. Ngesibanga salokhu-ke, woke umuntu obotjhiweko kufuze bona aphathwe njengomuntu, njebona kusitjho umthetho.  

(Insert illustration as at the bottom of page 3 of Chapter 2 of the English text) 



Amanothi Womethuli   (Illustration accompanying Presenter?s note as on page 3  of Chapter 2 of the English text) 

Kunamaphowusta wemigwalo ngamalungelo wabantu ababotjhiweko. Iphowusta yalokhu kufuze bona ibekwe emthangaleni ngaphambi kobana kuthome isifundo. 



Umsebenzi 2.1        (Wall clock illustration as on page 3 of chapter 2 of the English text)   

Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo 

Indinyana  2.1   

Iminqopho 

Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kuveza iminqopho yesifundwesi. 

Amanothi Womethuli 

* Fundela abafundi iminqopho. 
* Babuze bona bayayizwa na iminqopho obafundele yona. 
* Hlathulula la kufuneka khona.
   


(Insert top left illustration as on page 2 of Chapter 2 of the English text) 

Khumbula 
Bona iSigaba 38 somThetho wezoBulelesi sineendlela zemibandela ebuya nganeno ngokuqina kunemibandela yokubopha kobanyana umsolwa azokwazi ukuyokufika ekhotho. Iindlelezi-ke kufuze bona zicatjangelwe nazo bona angekhe zasetjenziswa na, ngaphambi kobana ipholisa licabange ukubopha, ngombana isigaba 36(1)(e) somThethosisekelo sithi kufuze bona uqale iindlela ezinganamibandela eqine khulu ntanzi, ngaphambi kobana ungambopha umuntu, bona abe akghone ukuyokufika ekhotho. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona ukubopha umuntu kufuze bona kube ligadango lokugcina umuntu adanela kilo, sekubhale koke. 

    
(Second illustration as on second left (top) on page 4 of Chapter 2 of the English text). 

Isigaba 38 somThetho wezoBulelesi. 

Iindlela zokwenza iqiniso lokuthi umsolwa uyafika ekhotho ekugwetjweni komlandu ngilezi: 

* Kukumbopha;
* Kukumthumelela idarhfari 
* Isaziso esitloliweko; kunye 
* Ukwethweswa umlandu ngokuya kweenjamiso ezifaneleko zalomThetho. 




Ukubopha umuntu akusindlela yokususa umuntu emphakathini kwesikhatjhana njengendlela yokuthanyela indawo leyo, kanti godu akusiyo indlela yokusozisa umuntu. 


Umsebenzi 2.2 

Imizuzu eli-10       (Illustration of a clock watch as on  top right of page 4 of the English text ).   

Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo 

Indinyana 2.2 nendinyana 2.3 

Iminqopho 

Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kubonisana ngomnqopho wokubopha umuntu nezinye iindlela zokwenza bona umsolwa ayokufika ekhotho. 


Amanothi Womethuli 

1. Bawa abafundi bona babonisane ngemibuzo elandelako le ngeenqhenyana zababili ngababili (imizuzu emihlanu): 

(Sebenzisa ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 2.2 ) 

* Yini umnqopho wokubopha umuntu?
* Utjho bonani umthetho othi umuntu umsulwa bekutholakale ubufakazi obuveza umlandwakhe?
* Ngiziphi ezinye iindlela ezingasetjenziselwa ukwenza iqiniso lokuthi ummangalelwa uya ekhotho ngaphandle kokumbopha? 
2.  Bawa abafundi bakubikele ngalokho abacocisene ngakho. Bonisana nabo bese wenza isirhunyezo    (Imizuzu emihlanu) 

Izinto Ekufuze   Uzisebenzise Nawenza Isirhunyezo 

* Incwajana yamaLungelo wobuNtu nobuPholilsa, amakhasi 27-29. 
* Isigaba 38 somThetho wezobuLelesi. 


Umthetho Osuselwa Emilandwini Yaphambilini

(Illustration as on bottom right of page 4 of Chapter 2 of the English text) 

Ubumsulwa bomuntu bekutholakale ubufakazi obufakazela ukuba nomlandu. 
Emlandwini ka-S abanga noZuma 1995 (2) SA 642 (CC) ? 1995(4) BCLR 401 (SA), kwakhanjwa ngekambiso ethi ummangalelwa kuthathwa bona umsulwa bekutholakale ubufakazi obufakazela bona unomlandu, nakube unawo. 

* Ikambiso ethatha bona umuntu umsulwa bekuvele ubufakazi bokuthi unomlandu nakube unawo ikhambisana nelungelo lokuzivikela ekuzibophiseni, nelokuthula ummangalelwa/umsolwa nakabuzwa imibuzo. 
* Ummangalelwa akusi msebenzakhe ukulekelela abatjhutjhisi ukuwina umlandu abawugwebako. Nakube abatjhutjhisi babeka umuntu umlandu, kufuze bona baveze ubufakazi obunganakurhiniza bona umuntu obekwa umlandu loyo nangambala unomlandu.   


2.3	UBOTJHWA NJANI UMUNTU 

Umuntu angabotjhwa ngencwadi enikela amandla wokuthi abotjhwe, namkha abotjhwe ngaphandle kwayo. Khumbula-ke nokho bona nanyana kunjalo, kodwanana kuhlala kungcono bona uthole incwadi yokubopha umuntu ngaphambi kobana uyombopha. Ubuhle bokuthoma ngokuthola incwadi yokubopha ngaphambi kokubopha umuntu kbona amapholisa ayaphepha ekubotjhiselweni ukubopha ngokungasimthetho, kanti godu ukuba nencwadi yokubopha kuqinisekisa bona umuntu obotjhwako ubotjhwa ngomthetho, nokutholakala kobufakazi bomlandu abotjhelwa wona nabo butholakale ngokomthetho. Incwadi yokubopha umuntu ingatholakala kumarhastrada namkha kusiphathimandla sezobulungiswa; nakukhulunywa ngesiphathimandla sezobulungiswa kutjhiwo ipholisa elithunywe ukwenza umsebenzi onjalo lesikhundla sikakapteyini ukuya phezulu. 

Zinengi-ke izehlakalo la umuntu angabotjhwa khona ngaphandle kwencwadi yokubopha. Ezinye zezehlakalo ezinjalo zihlathululwe kusigaba 40 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi. Khumbula godu nokuthi ukhona nomthetho ovumako bona umuntu angabotjhwa ngaphandle kwencwadi yokubopha, njengesigaba 40(2) somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi. 

Indlela yokubotjhwa komuntu ihlathululwa kusigaba 39 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi.  Indlela leyo-ke ingahlathululwa ngalindlela ngokurhunyeziweko:  

* Umuntu angabotjhwa ngencwadi yokubopha (sigaba 39 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi) namkha abotjhwe ngaphandle kwencwadi yokubopha (sigaba 40 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi). 
* Akunasidingo sokumthinta umuntu nakube uyathamba azinikele ekubotjhweni.
* Nakufumaniseka bona umuntu obotjhwako uyanghanghabala akafuni ukubotjhwa, kungasetjenziswa amandla ukumbopha, kodwana nakhona kufuze bona kube mamandla anele ukwenza umuntu loyo abopheke kwaphela. 
* Msinyana nakaqeda ukubotjhwa umuntu, umuntu ombophileko kufuze bona atjele umuntu obotjhiweko loyo bona ubotjhelweni. 
* Nakube umuntu ubotjhwa ngencwadi yokubopha, kufuze anikelwe ikhophi yencwadi yokubopha leyo, nakube uyayifuna. 

Khumbula: 

(Illustration as on the right-hand side of page 5, Chapter 2 of the English text) 

Umuntu obotjhiweko kufuze aziswe msinyana ngokungakghonalako ngamalungelo wakhe aqinisekiswe yi-sigaba 35(1) nesigaba 35(2) somThethosisekelo. Ipholisa kufuze lazise belihlathululele umuntu obotjhiweko ngawo woke amalungelo wakhe, belenze nesiqiniseko sokobana umuntu loyo uwazwisisa kuhle amalungelwakhe ahlathululelwa wona, ngokweSigaba 35(4) somThethosisekelo. 

Umsebenzi 2.3  

Imizuzu ema-40

Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo 

Iindinyana 2.4 ne 2.5   


(Illustration as on top right of page 5, Chapter 2 of the English text)  


Iminqopho  

Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kukwenza amapholisa acabange ngamalungelo womuntu obotjhiweko, acabange nangemisebenzi yawo esibopho, nangemisebenzi esibopho ekufuze yenziwe babantu ababotjhiweko. 

Amanothi Womethuli

1.  Isingeniso:  Imizuzu emi-2. 
Hlukanisa abafundi ngeenqhenyana ezincazana, ezingadluliko ebantwini abahlanu isiqhema ngasinye, bese ubawa iinqhemezo bona zibonisane ngemibuzo nasi elandelako: 
(Sebenzisa ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 2.3) 

* Ngiyiphi indlela elungileko yokubopha umuntu?
* Ngimaphi amalungelo nokuziphendulela ekufuze yenziwe babantu ababotjhiweko? 
* Uyini umsebenzi osibopho phezu kwamapholisa nakabopha umuntu?
* Yini ipholisa ekufuze likutjele umuntu nalimbophako?

Bawa iinqhema ngokwahlukana kwazo bona zitlole iimpendulo zazo phasi. Imizuzu eli-10. 


2. Esinye nesinye isiqhema asikutjele ngomsebenzi ebesibonisana ngawo komunye nomunye umbuzo. Bawa isiqhema ngasinye bona sikunikele ipendulo yinye, bese udlulela kesinye isiqhema, bewuzithole zoke iimpendulo. Imizuzu eli-15. 
3. Bonisanani ngamalungelo, nikhulumisane nangokhunye, bese wenza isirhunyezo.  Imizuzu eli-13. 

Izinto Ekufuze Uzisebenzise Nawenza Isirhunyezo

* Isigaba 35 somThethosisekelo.
* Isigaba 39 somThetho wemiLandu yobuLelesi
* Incwajana yamaLungelo wobuNtu nobuPholisa, ikhasi 29
* Ithranspharensi Yokubopha yenomboro 1. 
* Ithranspharensi Yokubopha yenomboro 2.
* Ithranspharensi Yokubopha yenomboro 3.
* Ikombandlela encazana ngamaLungelo wobuNtu nangomSebenzi wamaPholisa, amakhasi 18-21.
* Wena nomThethosisekelo, ikhasi 19.  

2.4	AMALUNGELO WOMUNTU OBOTJHIWEKO  

Umuntu obotjhiweko soke isikhathi kuthathwa bona umsulwa, bekutholwe ubufakazi obufakazela bona unomlandu, nakube unawo, ngalokho-ke kufuze bona soke isikhathi aphathwe ngehlonipho, kuqalelelwe ilungelo lakhe lokuphila ngekululeko nangokuphepha. 

Ukubotjhwa komuntu kuwaqintelisa kumbi amalungelo wakhe wobuntu. Ukubotjhwa kuqintelisa amalungelo womuntu ahlukahluhlukeneko. Amanye wamalungelo angaqakatheke khulu aqinteliseka ngesibanga sokubotjhwa ngilawa:   

* Isithunzi Somuntu (ISigaba 10 somThethosisekelo)

Boke abantu kufuze bona baphathwe ngehlonipho, nangesithunzi. Ipholisa akukafaneli limfungele namkha limthuke umuntu elimbophako, akukafaneli nokuthi limkhulumise ngelimi elikhahlumezako, ngombana lokho kuzabe kukukwephula ilungelo lakhe lokuhlonitjhwa kwesithunzi sakhe. Ipholisa nalingahloniphi isithunzi somuntu, kulula bona lingawasebenzisa kumbi amandlalo namkha isikhundla salo. Indlela ipholisa eliziphatha ngayo iqalwa ngokuthonyaniswa nemibandela yesigaba 10 somThethosisekelo.   




* Ikululeko Nokuvikeleka Kwabantu (Isigaba 12 somThethosisekelo) 

Ilungelo lokuthi umuntu aphile ngekululeko nangokuphepha litjho nelungelo lokuphila kuhle ngokupheleleko emzimbeni nengqondweni. 
(Lokhu-ke kutjho bona umzimba womuntu nengqondwakhe kulawulwa nguye). Ilungelo lokuvikelwa ekukhahlunyezweni ngomzimba nangengqondo litjho nokuthi akunamuntu ozase abotjhelwe, avalelwe namkha asetjhelwe butjhwileni (ngamanye amagama akunamuntu ekufuze abotjhwe ngaphandle kobana kutjho umThetho wePalamende namkha umthetho ongakatlolwa phasi).
Ngokuphelela kwalo ilungelo lomuntu, litjho ilungelo lomuntu lokuvikelwa ezenzweni zombuso zokumthathela amagadango, kesinye isikhathi ezingephula amalungelo wakhe namkha ziliyane nelungelo lokuphila kuhle ngokupheleleko emzimbeni nengqondweni. 

* Ilungelo Lekululeko Yokuzikhambela Lapha Umuntu Athanda Khona (Isigaba 21 somThethosisekelo) 

(Top left illustration as on page 7 of chapter 2 of the English text). 

ISigaba 21 somThethosisekelo: Ikululeko Yokuzikhambela Lapha Umuntu Athanda Khona Neyokuzihlalela La Umuntu Athanda Khona. 
21 (1) Omunye nomunye unelungelo lokukhamba la athanda khona 
(2)......  

 Lezi-ke ziimbonelo zamanye wamalungelo angaqinteliswa. Akhona-ke namanye amalungelo angaqinteliswa ngokubotjhwa, njengakusigaba 14 (Ipilo yomuntu yangeqadi), isigaba 18 (Ukuhlanganyela nabanye abantu) namanye-ke amalungelo aqinteliswe ngezinye iindlela. 

(Second illustration on left, page 7 of chapter 2 of the English text)
 
KHUMBULA 
Umuntu obotjhiweko uthoma ukuba namalungelo nakabotjhwako ngokwesigaba 35 (1), (2) ne (4) somThethosisekelo. 

IKULUMISWANO NGAMALUNGELO ATHILEKO 

* Ukuthula 
    Ilungelo lokuthula umuntu angaphenduli imibuzo abuzwa yona linikela umuntu obotjhiweko ilungelo lokuzikhethela ukuthula (angenzisi isitatimende, befuthi nemibuzo nayo angayiphenduli) namkha azikhethele ukwenzisa isitatimende namkha aphendule imibuzo abuzwa yona. Ukuzithulela kutjho nokuthi umuntu obotjhiweko angazithulela angatjho litho ngomlandu okuzwakala batjho wenziwe, kodwana-ke nokho nanyana kunjalo, umuntu ozithulelako loyo ukatelelekile ukobana anikele bomthetho ibizo lakhe, abanikele ne-adresi yalapho ahlala khona (nakuthiwa bomthetho la kubalwe namapholisa ngokwawo). Sigaba 41 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi). 

Bona umuntu obotjhiweko akwazi ukuzikhethela lokho azikhethela khona ngelwazi, umThethosisekelo uyasikatelela isiphathimandla esibopha umuntu bona sazise umuntu esimbophako loyo bona ungaba yini umphumela wokungathuli nakabuzwa imibuzo. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona nakube umuntu ukhetha ukwenzisa isitatimende, umuntu loyo kufuze bona ayeleliswe bona
isitatimendeso sizakutlolwa phasi, ngalokho-ke singasetjenziswa njengobufakazi ekhotho.  

(Illustration as on top right of page 7, chapter 2, English text) 

Amanothi








Umthetho Osuselwa Emilandwini Yaphambilini

(Illustration as on bottom right of page 7 of Chapter 2 of the English text)

Ukuvuma Imilandu / Isibopho Sokutjengisa Bona Umuntu Ukhuluma Iqiniso 

Emlandwini ka-S noZuma1995 (2) SA 642 (CC) - 1995 (4) BCLR 401 (SA), kwakhulunywa bekwasetjenzwa ngayo indaba yokuvuma umlandu umuntu awenzileko. 

* Nakube umsolwa/ummangalelwa uthi wavuma umlandu bona akatelelwe, waphaliselwa amandla, wazwiswa ubuhlungu, wathuselwa bonyana awuvume umlandu namkha wathenjiswa okuthileko nakangavuma umlandu (ngamanye amagama nakube umlandu akakawuvumi ngokuzithandela, akhululekile), akunasidingo sokobana aveze ubufakazi bokuthi umlandu uwuvume angathandi. 
* Bezokutjhutjhisa (amapholisa) nomtjhutjhisi ngibo-ke ekufuze bona baveze ubufakazi bokuthi umsolwa/ummangalelwa uzivumele umlandu ngokuthanda kwakhe phambi kwakamarhistrada, ngaphandle kokugandelelwa. 


* Umsolwa Akukafaneli Bona Akatelelwe Ukuvuma Umlandu Angafuni 
Akunamuntu ekufuze bona akatelelwe ukuvuma umlandu angafuni. Nakube umuntu uyakatelelwa bona enzise isitatimende, isitatimendeso angeke sivumakale (angeke samukelwe njengobufakazi) ekhotho. (Iingaba 217 no-219 A zomThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi). 
 
* Ukubawa Ibheyili 
     Ibheyili yindlela yokwehlisa ukuqinteliswa kwamalungelo womuntu wekululeko nawokuphepha (sigaba 12 somThethosisekelo). Ibheyili godu iyindlela yokuqinisekisa bona umuntu obotjhiweko loyo uzakugwetjwa. Abasolwa bangakhutjhwa ngebheyili yamapholisa (emilandwini emincazana, engasimimbi khulu) namkha benze isibawo sokubheyila kumtjhutjhisi namkha ekhotho yomthetho.
 

IRHULUPHELO YOMTHETHOBULUNGISWA 

Umuntu obotjhiweko unelungelo lokutjhatjhululwa ekubotjhweni nakube ukutjhatjhululwa kwakhe kuzakuba lisizo erhuluphelweni yomthethobulungiswa, ngokwemibandela ezwakalako (iSigaba 35 (1)(f)  somThethosisekelo).  Ilungelo lokutjhatjhululwa namkha ngaphandle kwayo, ngapahndle kwalokha ikareko yomthethobulungiswa ifuna ngenye indlela, likhambisana khulu nelungelo lekululeko nokuphepha lomuntu kanye nelungelo lokuthathwa njengomsulwa bewufunyanwe unomlandu yikhotho ekghona ukwenza lokho.  

Ukutjhatjhululwa komuntu obotjhiweko angeke kukhambisane neenrhuluphelo zomthethobulungiswa nayikuthi amanye amabanga atjhiwo esigabeni 60(4) somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu wobuLelesi akhona: 

* Nakube umuntu obotjhiweko (ummangalelwa) uzakuba yingozi ekuphepheni komphakathi namkha nakube uzakuba yingozi emuntwini othileko namkha nakube uzakuba yingozi erhuluphelweni yomthethobulungiswa, namkha nakube kunengozi yokuthi angenza umlandu wetjhejuli 1.
* Nakube umuntu obotjhiweko kubonakala bona kunengozi yokuthi angalinga ukubalekela ukuyokugwetjwa.
* Nakube umuntu obotjhiweko uzakulinga ukufaka abofakazi ummoya, namkha nakube uzakuthusela abofakazi, namkha nakube kunengozi yokuthi angafihla namkha abulale ubufakazi.
* Nakube ummangalelwa uzakukhisimeza iminqopho yokusebenza kuhle kwehlelo lomthetho wekambiso yemilandu yobulelesi, sekubalwa nehlelo lokubheyila. 

(Illustration as on top right of page 8 Chapter 2 of the English text) 

Amanothi Womethuli 

Buza abafundi bona bayawazi na umehluko hlangana kokuvuma iqiniso nokwamukela bona umuntu wonile. 

Ukuvuma bona umuntu wonile kuvuma koke okukhambisana nomlandu ngaphandle kwamabanga enza kufanele. Nakwenziwa ekhotho yomthetho, kufana nokuvuma bona unomlandu.

Ukwamukela kusitatimende namkha indlela yokuziphatha ethileko yokwenza engamkhisimeza umuntu owamukelako loyo (njengokwamukela okukhambisana nomlandu), kodwanana nokho akutjho ukuvuma bona umuntu wonile.    


Umsebenzi 2.4       (Second illustration as on page 8 of chapter 2, English text) 

Imizuzu ema-20 

Umnqopho 

Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kubonisana ngebheyili. 

Amanothi Womethuli 

Bawa abafundi bona babonisane ngombuzo lo nangemithethokambiso esetjenziswa nakwenziwa isibawo sebheyili. 
(Sebenzisa ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 2.4) 

* Umuntu obotjhiweko angayibawa nakunjani ibheyili, kuphi? 

Iimpendulo Ezingaba Ngezilungileko: 

* Ibheyili Ekhotho 

     Umuntu obotjhiweko kufuze bona atjelwe msinyana ngelungelo lakhe lokubawa ibheyili (ISigaba 50 (6) somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi).  
     UmThetho wesiBili oTjhugulula umThetho ka-1997 weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi (umThetho weNomboro 85 ka-1997) owathoma ngomhlaka 1 ku-Arhostosi ngo-1998, watjhugulula okuthileko kwekambiso yokubheyila. Isibawo sebheyili kufuze bona siyiswe ekhotho kusemini; lokhu-ke kutjho ukusukela ngo-09:00 ukuyokufikela ku-16:00. 
Lokhu-ke kutjho bona isibawo sebheyili asisasiwa ekhotho ngemva kwesikhathi somsebenzi. 

* Ibheyili Yamapholisa 

    Abasolwa bangavulelwa ngebheyili yamapholisa (ngemilandu emincani, engasimimbi kangako). Ibheyili yamapholisa-ke yona nokho iyatholakala nangemva kwesikhathi somsebenzi. Nakube ipholisa alikghoni ukunikela umuntu obotjhiweko ibheyili ngokwesigaba 59 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi namkha nakube ipholisa libhala ukubheyilisa umuntu, ipholiselo kufuze lithathe umuntu obotjhiweko limuse ekhotho kobanyana ayokubawa ibheyili msinyana ngokungakghonakalako. Khumbula-ke bona ibheyili enjalo yenziwa kwaphela ngesikhathi somsebenzi. 

Bona msinyana ngokungakghonalako kutjho msinyana ngendlela ekghonalako ebujamweni bezinto obuthileko. Lapha-ke singalinganisa ngokuthi ipholisa nalibophele umuntu ukutjhayela asele, kufuze bona lithome ngokusa umuntu loyo kudorhodere wesiyingi kobanyana ayomhlola iingazi, ngaphambi kobana umuntu loyo lingamusa ekhotho. Ibanga lalokhu-ke kbona umuntu osolelwa bona ubetjhayela asele kufuze bona adoswe iingazi kungakapheli ama-awa amabili abotjhiwe. 

* Ibheyili Yabatjhutjhisi 

Abasolwa bangavulelwa nangebheyili enikelwa batjhutjhusi bombuso. Lomhlobo webheyili-ke uyenziwa nangemva kwesikhathi somsebenzi, kodwana nokho ayikwazi ukufunwa mumuntu obotjhiweko, iba siqunto esithathwa lipholisa. Nanyana ipholisa elibophe umuntu lizikhethela bona liyambheyilisa umuntu namkha alimbheyilisi, kuyeleliswa bona ibheyili inikelwe nakukghonekako. Umtjhutjhisi kufuze bona abonisane nepholisa eliphethe umlandu ngaphambi kobana umuntu obotjhiweko anganikelwa ibheyili. 

UmThetho wesiBili oTjhugulula umThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi wangezelela ibanga lesihlanu kusigaba 60(4), esithi ikhotho ingaqalelela amaphuzu athileko: 
* la ebujameni obuhlukileko kubonakala kungenzeka khona bona ukuvulelwa kommangalelwa kungahle kuphazamise ukuhlaliseka komphakathi namkha kuphazamise ukuthula komphakathi, namkha kufake ukuphepha komphakathi engozini. 

 (Illustration as on page 9 of chapter 2, English text).

Isigaba 60 (8A) esitja singezelelwa emThethweni weKambiso yemaLandu yobuLelesi ukuhlathulula amaphuzu ikhotho engawaqalelela: 
ISigaba 60 (8A) 
Ekuqaleni bona amabanga asesigatjaneni (4)(e) akhona, ikhotho ingaqalelela amaphuzu alandelako la kukghonakala khona:  

a.  bona ubunjalo bomlandu namkha ubujamo umlandu owenziwe kibo kungenzeka na buthuse namkha busilinge umphakathi la wenziwe khona;
b.  bona kghani ummangalelwa nange angavulelwa ukuvulelwa kwakhe angeze kwawethusa namkha kusilinge umphakathi, kubangele nokuthi kuphazamiseke ukuhlaliseka komphakathi na; 
c.  bona kghani ummangalelwa angeze angena engozini nange angavulelwa na;
d.  bona kghani ukuthula nokuphepha komphakathi angeze kwaphazamiseka na nange ummangalelwa angavulelwa;
e.  bona kghani ukuvulelwa kommangalelwa angeze kwenza umphakathi ulahlekelwe lithemba ehlelweni lomthetho olwa nobulelesi na; namkha 
f.  bona kghani likhona na elinye iphuzu ekufuze litjhejwe, ngokubona kwekhotho. 

Nakube elinye namkha amanye wamabanga avezwe ngehlapha akhona, ipholisa libophekile bona liyirarhe ibheyili. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona kufuze uphenye uphenyisise nakube ufuna ukuphikisa ibheyili. 


Okuqakathekileko 
(Illustration as on top right of page 10, chapter 2, English text  

Nakwenziwa isibawo sebheyili, ikhotho ingatshwilisa ukulalela isibaweso ngesikhathi esingabe sifike emalangeni alikhomba, ngokwesigaba 50(6) somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi. Nakube ikhotho iyakutshwilisa ukulalelwa kwesibawo sebheyili, isikhatheso ungasisebenzisela ukubuthelela ubufakazi ozabufuna ukuphikisa isibawo sebheyili. Nanyana ummangalelwa anelungelo lokubheyiliswa nje, begodu angeke avinjelwa ukwenza isibawo sebheyili ekhotho nje, kodwana nokho kunoburhiyarhiyana bemisetjenzana ekufuze bona yenziwe ngaphambi kobana umuntu angasiwa ekhotho kobanyana ayokwenza isibawo sebheyili, njengokuthi nje kwenziwe irekhodi lokubotjhwa, kugadangiswe nemino nokudosa iingazi. Ngaphandle kobana umuntu obotjhiweko azimisele ukusebenza ngokubambisana nangokuzwana nabomthetho, kuzakufuneka bona ukusebenzisana kwakhe nabomthetho nakuzaliswa uburhiyarhiyana bemisetjenzana leyo kubekwe njengemibandela yokubheyiliswa kwakhe. 

* Ummangalelwa Kufuze Aye Ekhotho Kungakapheli Ama-awa ama-48 Abotjhiwe.
 NgokweSigaba 50 somThetho wemiLandu yobuLelesi, umuntu obotjhiweko kufuze bona ayiswe ekhotho kungakapheli ama-awa ama-48 abotjhiwe. ISigaba 35(1)(d) somThethosisekelo siyadlula lapho, ngokuthi sibeke nokuthi akukaneli bona umuntu asiwe ekhotho kungakapheli ama-awa ama-48, kodwana kufuze nokobana ayiswe ekhotho msinyana ngokungakghonakalako. Isikhathi esima-awa ama-48 kusikhathi eside khulu umuntu angasihlala angakayi ekhotho emveni kobana abotjhiwe (begodu kumsebenzi wepholisa ukuqinisekisa bona umuntu uya ekhotho esikhathini samsinyana. Isikhathesi-ke, esima-awa ama-48, sithoma umuntu nakaqeda ukubotjhwa, emukwe namalungelo wakhe wekululeko. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona nakungenzeka bona umuntu obotjhiweko angasiwa ekhotho msinyana kodwana ukube ipholisa elimbophileko lingakghona ukumusa msinyana, kungenzeka ukuhlaliswa kwakhe isikhathi ekubotjhweni kuthathwe bona kuphambana nomthetho. 

Umthetho Osuselwa Emilandwini Yangaphambilini 

Ibheyili 

Emlandwini ka-Prokureur-Generaal, Vrystaat no-Ramakhosi 1996(4) All SA 207 (0), kwabekwa phambi kwekhotho bona iGqwetha-Mazombe azange liveze ubufakazi bokuthi kwakungenzeka bona ummangalelwa afake umphakathi engozini namkha afake umuntu othileko engozini namkha akhisimeze iinrhuluphelo zomphakathi namkha enze umlandu wetjhejuli 1 nawayengakhe avulelwe ngebheyili (ikhasi 219 B-C). Ikhotho yabuye yathola nokuthi lalingekho ithuba lokuthi ummangalelwa wayengalinga ukubalekela ukuyokugwetjwa namkha alinge ukufaka abofakazi ummoya namkha alinge ukubathusela namkha afihle ubufakazi, namkha abulale ubufakazi (ikhasi 235 F-G). Ikhotho yaphetha ngokuveza bona njengombana iphenyo lalisazakudosa iinyanga, ummangalelwa, owayengusomabhizinisi, wayezakulahlekelwa yimali enengi khulu nangathana walelwa ukubheyila, ngalokho-ke kwakungasiserhuluphelweni yomthethobulungiswa ukubeka ummangalelwa loyo ekuvalelweni. 

(Illustration as on bottom of page 10, chapter 2, English text)

Amanothi Womethuli 
Yazisa abafundi ngeendaba eziqakathekileko nanzi ezilandelako: 

* Nakube akunasidingo sokuthi ubophe umuntu ngemva kwamadina ngaphambi kobana kuthome ipelaveke ede, musa ukumbopha umuntu loyo. 
* Akusimsebenzi wepholisa ukuhlawulisa namkha ukujezisa umsolwa.
* Umuntu kuthathwa bona umsulwa, kube kuvele ubufakazi bokuthi unomlandu, nakube unawo. 
* Msebenzi wamakhotho, ingasi amapholisa ukuhlawulisa namkha ukujezisa izephulamthetho.
* Ukubopha umuntu ngokungasimthetho kunye nokusebenzisa amandla butjhwileni kungabangela bona ukuvalela okungasisemthethweni, ngalokho-ke kungahle kubangele imilandu yombango, yobulelesi, nokujanyiswa kwepholisa emsebenzini.  

* Ilungelo Lokuthola Isizo Lokujanyelwa Magqwetha 

Ipholisa kufuze bona lazise umuntu obanjiweko (umuntu obotjhiweko) msinyana bona unelungelo lokuzikhethela igqwetha elizamjamela, nelungelo lokukhulumisana negqwetha. Umuntu obotjhiweko kufuze bona aziswe msinyana bona unelungelo lokuthi umbuso umfunele igqwetha ngeendleko zawo (umbuso), nakube ukungafunelwa kwakhe igqwetha kuzakwenza bona akhisimezeke khulu ngokudimeka ithuba elifaneleko kezomthethobulungiswa (isigaba 35 (2)(b) no (c) ). Lokhu-ke kuzakuqintwa siphathiswa sesizo lezomthetho ngamagqwetha. 

Epholiseni lokhu-ke kutjho bona kufuze unikele umuntu obotjhiweko ithuba lokubonana athintane negqwetha lakhe. Nakube umuntu obotjhiweko loyo akanalo igqwetha, ungamnikela irhelo lamabizo wamagqwetha endaweni yangekhenu, namkha umnikele umtato weBhodi yeSizo lezomThetho (i-Legal Aid Board) namkha umlayele kezinye iinhlangano zesizo ngezomthetho endaweni yangekhenu. Yenza iqiniso lokobana unazo iinomboro zemitato, wenze neqiniso lokobana uyasazi isiphathiswa sezesizo lezomthetho ekhotho yangekhenu. 




* Ukuphathwa Ngesithunzi Nangehlonipho

     Ipholisa kufuze bona omunye nomunye umuntu elimbophako limphathe ngehlonipho, nangesithunzi nalimbophako (sigaba 10 somThethosisekelo: Isithunzi Somuntu). Umuntu obotjhiweko kuthathwa bona umsulwa, ikhotho beyithole ubufakazi obufakazela bona nangambala unomlandu, nakube unawo. 

(Illustration as on top right of page 11, chapter 2)

Umthetho Osuselwa Emilandwini Yangaphambilini 

Ukuthola isizo lokujanyelwa kezomthetho:  
Emlandwini ka-S no-Vermaak, nemlandwini ka-S no-Du Plessis 1995 (3) SA 292 (CC)- 1995(7) BCLR 851 (CC) ikhotho yakhuluma ngelungelo lokuthola isizo lokujanyelwa kezomthetho. 
* Ummangalelwa angasebenzisa ilungelo lakhe lokufunelwa igqwetha elibhadalwa mbuso, kodwana-ke lokhu kuvunyelwa kwaphela nakube ikhotho icabanga bona ummangalelwa uzabe ? akhisimezeke khulu ngokudimeka ithuba elifaneleko kezomthethobulungiswa?, nakangahlumbukuba negqwetha elimjameleko. 
* Ummangalelwa onikelwa igqwetha lombuso akakwazi ukuzikhethela igqwetha elifunwa nguye kiwo lawo wombuso. 
* Kusemandleni wejaji namkha kamarhistradi ukuhlukanisa bona ummangalelwa ?uzakukhisimezeka khulu ngokudimeka ithuba kezomthethobulungiswa? nange ummangalelwa loyo angahlumbukunikelwa igqwetha lombuso ngeendleko zombuso. 

 
(Second illustration as on page 11, Chapter 11, English text). 

Amanothi Womethuli
Khumbula:  Boke abantu ababotjhiweko banjalo nje bababantu ababanjiweko ngakelinye ihlangothi, ngalokho-ke banamalungelo afanako nabantu ababanjiweko. Amalungelo la azakuhlathululwa esahlukweni esikhuluma ngabantu ababanjiweko (iSigaba 35 (2) somThethosisekelo). 


(Third illustration as on page 11, Chapter 11, English text) 

 Amanothi 







2.5  UKUQINTELWA KWAMALUNGELO WOMUNTU OBOTJHIWEKO 

Lokha amalungelo womuntu nakaqinteliswe kubotjhwa, ukuqinteliseka kwamalungelwakhokho kufuze bona kulingwe ngeemfuneko ezisesigatjaneni sokuqinteliswa (isigaba 36 somThethosisekelo). 

Lokhu-ke kutjho bona: 

* Umzamo wokuqintelisa amalungelo womuntu obotjhiweko kufuze bona uthome ube semthethweni ovame ukusetjenziswa. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona kufuze bona kube nomThetho wePalamende okunikela amandla wokubopha umuntu. Kanengi kuba mThetho wemiLandu yobuLelesi neminye imiThetho yePalamende. UmThetho ovame ukusetjenziswa mthetho welizwe, hlangana nawo ekubalwa nomthetho oseencwadini kunye nomthetho ongakatlolwa. 
* Amalungelo womuntu angaqinteliswa kwaphela ukufikela la ukuqinteliswa kwawo kuzwakala khona. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona ukuqinteliswa kwamalungelo kufuze bona kuzwakale ebujamenobo okwenzeka ngaphasi kwabo. Nakube ikhona enye indlela engawaqintelisi khulu amalungelo womuntu, ngamanye amagama nakube akunasidingo sokobana umbophe umuntu, wena njengepholisa kufuze usebenzise enye indlela. 
* Ukuqinteliswa kwamalungelo womuntu obotjhiweko kufuze bona kube namabanga azwakalako emphakathini ovulekileko nophila ngedemokhrasi, kwenziwe ngokuhlonipha isithunzi somuntu nangokuqalelela ukulingana kwabantu kunye nangokuqalelela ikululeko yabo. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona okwenzako kufuze bona ukwazi ukukukhulumela uveze bona kuhle ngani, nawufika ekhotho. Umphakathi ovulekileko nophila ngedemokhrasi utjho bona amapholisa keminye imiphakathi ephila ngedemokhrasi kufuze bona enze ngendlela efaneleko ebujameni obufanakao. Kufanele ngaso soke isikhathi uphathe woke umuntu ngesithunzi nangehlonipho begodu ungabandlululi abanye abantu nanyana kubobani. Khumbula, umuntu kuthathwa bona umsulwa, ikhotho ibe iveze ubufakazi bokuthi unomlandu, nangabe unawo. 
* Malungana nesigaba 36(1) (a), kusetjenziswa umthethokambiso wokulinganisa. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona ukwephulwa / ukuqinteliswa kwamalungelo womuntu, njengokuthi nje aqinteliswe amalungelwakhe wokuba nepilo yobuyena ngeqadi namkha aqinteliswe amalungelo wekululeko yokukhamba la athanda khona, kufuze bona kulinganiswe (kuthonyaniswe) nobunjalo bomlandu awenzileko, kulinganiswe godu nanobumbi bomlandu awenzileko. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona ukuqinteliswa kwelungelo lomuntu langeqadi lokukhamba lapha afuna khona kufanele kukhambelane nobungako bomlandu. 

Umsebenzi 2.5  

Imizuzu eli-15 

(Illustration as on page 12 of chapter 2, English text). 

  Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo 

Indinyana 2.6  

Iminqopho 
Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kukwenza amapholisa acabange ngendlela angaqintelisa ngayo amalungelo wabantu, nokuwenza acabange bona yini ekufuze akuqalelele nakaqintelisa amalungelo lawo. 

Amanothi Womethuli 
1.  Bawa abafundi bona babonisane ngemibuzo elandelako nasi ngeenqhenyaqhenyana: 
    Imizuzu emi-5. 
    (Sebenzisa ithranpharensi: Umsebenzi 2.5)
* Ngimaphi amalungelo wabantu ababotjhiweko angaqinteliswa? 
* Angaqinteliseka njani amalungelo layo? 
2.  Babawe bona batlole iimpendulo zabo phasi.
3.  Babawe bona bafakaze nayikuthi ukubopha (ukuqintelisa) kukhambisana nesigaba 36 somThethosisekelo.
4.  Funa umbiko weempendulo kizo zoke iinqhema. 
    Imizuzu eli-7. 

5.  Akube nokubonisana mazombe bese uyarhunyeza. 
 
    Imizuzu emi-3. 

Izinto Ekufuze Zisetjenziswe Nawenza Isirhunyezo  

* Ithranspharensi : Isingeniso seNomboro 1 
* ISigaba 36 somThethosisekelo 

Iimpendulo Ezingaba Ngezilungileko 

* INcwajana Yomsebenzi WezamaLungelo wobuNtu NezobuPholisa, ikhasi 6. 
* Iingaba 10,12, 14, 21 zomThethosisekelo.   


2.6  UKUSETJENZISWA KWAMANDLA NAKUBOTJHWA UMUNTU  

Okuqakatheke khulu khulu ekufuze ukukhumbule nawubopha umsolwa kbona kufuze kulingane ukwenza kwakho umsebenzakho kuhle nokuhlonipha amalungelo womsolwa. Abasolwa nababotjhwako ikhotho isuke ingakabatholi banomlandu ababotjhelwe wona. 
Amapholisa nakabopha abantu akakavunyelwa ukusebenzisa amandla ukusozisa umuntu ambophileko. Ungawasebenzisi amandla ukubopha umsolwa nakube akunasidingo sokuwasebenzisa. Nakhona nakufumaniseka bona kufuze uwasebenzise amandla ukubopha umsolwa, asebenzise kancancani. Lokho-ke kutjho bona sebenzisa amandla amancancani khulu, alingene nobujamo okibo ukubopha umsolwa, nakube kunesidingo sokuthi uwasebenzise. 

UmThethosisekelo uqinisekisa omunye nomunye umuntu ngelungelo: 

* lokuphila;
* lokuhlonitjhwa nokuvikelwa kwesithunzi sakhe;
* lekululeko nelokuphepha komuntu, ekubalwa hlangana nawo nelungelo lokuphepha kiyo yoke imihlobo yenturhu yatjhatjhalazi nangeqadi, nelungelo lokungatlhoriswa namkha lokungaphathwa ngesihluku nangelunya namkha ngendlela eyehlisa isithunzi somuntu; kunye 
* nelungelo lokuziphilela ipilwakhe yobuyena ngeqadi, ekubalwa hlangana nalo nelungelo lokungaphumbuthwa emzimbeni asetjhwa, nelokungasetjhwa kwendawo ahlala kiyo, nelokungadliwa ipahla. 

Ukusetjenziswa kwamandla kungephula namkha kuqintelise elinye lalamalungelo angehla, ubuncani bakhona, kanti-ke kuvamise bona abe manengi amalungelo ephulwako namkha aqinteliswako nakusetjenziswa amandla umuntu nakabotjhwako. Ngalokho-ke ukusetjenziswa kwamandla kufuze bona ngasosoke isikhathi kukhambisane nomthetho.
 
(Illustration as on page 13 of chapter 2, English text)  

Amanothi Womethuli 

Umthetho ofaneleko ngokusetjenziswa kwamandla: 

* Iingaba 11,12,(1) nesama-36 zomThethosisekelo
* ISigaba 13(3) somThetho wezamaPholisa wakwa-SAPS
* Iingaba 39 no-49 zomThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi
* Imilayo emalungana nokusetjenziswa kwamandla ekubopheni abasolwa: umLayo oKhethekileko (i-Special Service Order):  31/1/5/3 womhlaka 1997-01-07.
Ikhona-ke nemibandela yekambiso yamazwe ngamazwe ebekelwe ukusetjenziswa kwamandla neengidi. Nanzi iimbonelo: 
* I-Athikili 3 yeHlelo lokuziPhatha leHlangano yeenTjhaba eziBumbeneko phezu kwabEnzisi bomThetho 
* UmThethokambiso weHlangano yeenTjhaba eziBumbeneko ngokuSetjenziswa kwaMandla neenGidi.  

2.6.1  Amaphuzu Ekufuze Uwatjheje Nawusebenzisa Amandla Nawubopha umuntu

Ungazibuza imibuzo elandelako nawusebenzisa amandla nawubopha umuntu: 
* Ukusebenzisa kwami amandla kube yinto elungileko na, ngizisebenzise ngokufanelekileko na, begodu kungisizile na? 
* Ukusebenzisa kwami amandla ngingakghona ukukuvikela ekhotho na? 
* Ukusebenzisa kwami amandla kumlimaze kancazana na ebengimbopha? 

2.6.2  Imithetho Yokusetjenziswa Kwamandla Nakubotjhwa Umuntu 

* Sebenzisa amandla amancazana nje kwaphela. 
* Sebenzisa amandla alingene ubujamo ongaphasi kwabo ekubopheni kwakho umsolwa. 
* Sebenzisa amandla alingeneko ukuzivikela nokuvikela iimbukeli ezinganamlandu, azakwenza kwaphela ukghone ukubopha umsolwa. 

* Sebenzisa Amandla Amancazana Nje Kwaphela 
Kufuze usebenzise kwaphela amandla azakusiza ukghone ukwehlula ingozi obonakala ukiyo, ukwehlula umsolwa nakube uyanghanghabala, namkha ukuziphephisa esahlelweni. Ingozi obonakala ungaba kiyo nayiyikudlwana, namkha umsolwa nakanghanghabala ngamandla, namkha ingozi yesahlelo nayiyikudlwana, nawe kufuze uqinisaqinise amandla owasebenzisako. 


* Sebenzisa Kwaphela Amandla Alingene Ubujamo Ongaphasi Kwabo Ekubopheni Umsolwa 

Umuntu nakanghanghabalako nawumbophako, uzakutjelwa bubumbi bomlandu ombophela wona bona ungasebenzisa amandla angangani. Nakube mlandu omcazana, kunemihlobo ethileko yamandla ongakavunyelwa ukuyisebenzisa. 

IINDLELA ZOKUHLATHULULA UKULINGANISEKA EKUSETJENZISWENI KWAMANDLA 

Nakube umuntu ombophako akanghanghabali, ungathomi usebenzise amandla ukumbopha. 

Iindlela ezilandelakwezi zihlathulula umthethokambiso wokulinganiseka zibe zitjengise namazinga ahlukeneko wamandla ongawasebenzisa nawubopha umuntu (amandla amancazana). 

* Ubukhona Bepholisa: 
Ukuzazisa Kwesiphathimandla
Lokha umuntu nakazazisa bona ulipholisa (ngokutjengisa ikarajana lakhe lobupholisa nangomlomo). Ukubeka isandla kobana ubophe umuntu / ukumtjengisa ekufuze akwenze namkha nawumduduzako



   Ukulayela Umuntu Ngomlomo, Imilayelo Yokumtjengisa Namkha Yokumbopha
 Lokhuya ipholisa nalilayela umuntu ngomlomo bona enze okuthileko, (Isibonelo: lokhuya umsolwa nakabalekako bese ipholisa liyamkhalimela bona ajame). 

* Ukulawula Ngesandla Esinganalitho: 
    Ukulawula Ngesandla Esithambileko Esinganalitho 
Iindlela ezinethuba elincani lokulimaza, (Isibonelo: lokhuya ipholisa nalithinta umuntu ehlombe bese limlayela bona akhambe nalo). 

    Ukulawula Ngesandla Esiqinileko Esinganalitho 
Iindlela ezingahle zimlimaze umuntu. Ukusebenzisa igandelelo, ukuzwisa ubuhlungu, ukudosa umsolwa ukugandelela phasi, ukususa umsolwa kunye neendlela ezimvango zokulawula umsolwa.   

* Amaqhinga Wokuqeda Amandla Welawulo Lomzimba 
       Ukubamba imithambo yeengazi emahlangothi wentamo (nakube ipholisa likufundiselwe ukusebenzisa leliqhinga), namkha amagalelo wenyawo elinye/ umlenze omunye/isandla esinye/ umlenze omunye njengendlela yokugandelela ilawulo lemithambo kobanyana esinye sezitho esizibale ngehlezi sigcine singasebenzi kwesikhatjhana, ngakelinye ihlangothi nengqondo nayo kheyifiphale. Amanye amagalelo abanga bona umuntu abhalelwe kukhamba kwesikhatjhana, namkha umzimba ubhalelwe kukuzilawula. 

* Izenzisi Zamakhemikhali  
      I-CO/OC (iinyembezi) namkha irhasi yebilibili, nakube ivunyelwe ziimphathimandla ezibanduliweko zomNyango ngemithetho yemibandela eqinileko yokuphepha, estjenziswa ngokukhambisana nemilayelo yemithetho elawula lezizenzisi zamakhemikhali.
   
* Iimolontjisi/Iinkhali Zokubetha 
ngokuvunyelwa kwazo mNyango bona zingasetjenziswa mapholisa abandulwe kuhle ukuzisebenzisa.   
 
* Amandla Abulalako/Iingidi 
namkha amaqhinga wokuzisindisa/wokuziphephisa angahle enze bona ? kufe umuntu namkha umuntu alimale kumbi?. 

* Sebenzisa Amandla Anele Ukukuphephisa Nokuphephisa Abantu Ababukeleko Abanganamlandu Nawubopha Umuntu 

Ipholisa nalibopha umuntu kungenzeka bona kufuneke lizivikele. Khumbula-ke bona nanyana kunjalo kodwana kufuze usebenzise amandla amancazana nje kwaphela ukuzivikela, uziphephise, uphephise nabantu abanganamlandu ababukeleko. 


2.6.3  Ngemva Kokusebenzisa Amandla, Ikhotho Ingahle Ihlole Amaphuzu Amane Naka:  

* Bekufanelekile na bona kusetjenziswe amandla kilobo bujamo? 
* Silinganiswe kuhle isidingo sokusetjenziswa kwamandla nobungako bamandla asetjenzisiweko?
* Ulimele kangangani umuntu obotjhiweko?
* Amandla asetjenziswe lapho asetjenziswe ngokwethembeka, ngommoya omuhle, namkha kusetjenziswe amandla welunya, wokona, ngokunganasidingo namkha wokukarekela ukuzwisa abanye ubuhlungu?  

(Illustration as on top right of page 14, chapter 2, English text).

Umsebenzi 2.6  

Imizuzu eli-10

Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo
Iindinyana 2.7 

Iminqopho 
Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kubonisana ngamazinga ahlukahlukeneko wamandla angasetjenziswa nakubotjhwa umuntu. 

Amanothi Womethuli 

1.  Bawa abafundi bona babonisane boke ngamazinga ahlukahlukeneko wokusetjenziswa kwamandla nakubotjhwa umuntu, kuthonywe ngamandla amancazana angasetjenziswa. 
2.  Rhunyeza. 

    (Illustration as on top right of page 14 of chapter 2, English text) 

    Amanothi Womethuli  





(Illustration as on bottom of page 15, (zapiro cartoon) chapter 2, English text) 

 Thola umehluko                                                                             zapiro 










2.7  AMAPHOLISA ANGAMDUMUZA NAKWENZENJANI UMSOLWA OBALEKAKO?  

     (Illustration as on bottom left, page 16 of chapter 2, English text) 

Tjheja Nakhu Okuqakatheke Khulu. 
Le-ke yindabapikiswana ekulu. ISigaba 49 somThetho weKambiso wemiLandu yobuLelesi isatlolwa butjha njenganje. Okumumethwe yipendulo kungatjhuguluka.  

UmThethosisekelo (iSigaba 11) uthi omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokuphila. Ngakho-ke ipholisa lingadumuza umuntu ebujameni obukhethekileko nje kwaphela. Kuqakathekile ukwazi bona umthetho ukuvumela nini ukudumuza umuntu obalekako nawufuna ukumbopha. 
Umthethokambiso omalungana nokusetjenziswa kwamandla nakubotjhwa umuntu (isigaba 49 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi) isasebenza. Umthethokambiso loyo uqinteliswa amandla mthethomgomo wamapholisa ongezelela umThetho weKambiso wemiLandu yobuLelesi. 


UmThethomgomo solo usasebenza, begodu uhlonyelelwe esiHlomelelweni A?. 

UmThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi nomThetho wakwa-SAPS usisiza ukuzwa kuhle bona amapholisa angawaqintelisa njani amalungelo wekululeko nawokuphepha komunye umuntu. ImiThetho le-ke ngiyo ekutjelako bona ungasebenzisa mhlobo bani wamandla ekubopheni umuntu. 

(Illustration as on right hand side of page 17, Capter 2, English text).   

Khumbula, lokhu kungahle kutjhuguluke 

Umsolwa obalekako angadutjulwa kwaphela nakuzaliseke nasi imibandela emithandathu: 
Khumbula-ke godu nokuthi nakube akunasidingo sokuthi usebenzise isigidi, musa ukusisebenzisa. 

1.  Umsolwa ubaleka nje vele selenze umlandu omumbi obalwa njengomunye wemilandu emimbi emthethwenimgomo wamapholisa. Yenza iqiniso lokuthi unekhophi yomthethomgomo wemilandu emimbi ebaliweko emapholiseni, uwazi ngehloko. 
2.  Ipholisa lilinga ukubopha umsolwa ekuzwakala bona wenze lomhlobo womlandu.
3.  Umsolwa uyazi bona ipholisa elilinga ukumbopha lifuna ukumbophela wona lomhlobo womlandu. 
4.  Ayikho enye indlela umsolwa angabotjhwa ngayo ngaphandle kobana adutjulwe.
5.  Ipholisa selikhe lamyelelisa umsolwa bona lizamdumuza nakube akajami, kodwana umsolwa akayingeni yesiyeleliso leyo, solo uyabaleka.  
6.  Ubuphilo babanye abantu angeke bungene engozini nakudutjulwako. 

Nakube umsolwa akajami, thoma ngokudubulela ukuyelelisa ntanzi, kodwana nakhona kufuze udubule kwaphela nakube ukudumuza angeke kube yingozi kabanye abantu. Nakube umsolwa solo uyabaleka, dumuza-ke manje. Linga ukudumuza isitho somzimba, njengomlenze nje, la kungasilula khona bona ihlavu yesigidi ingambulala umsolwa.  

Iimfuneko zokusebenzisa amandla amancazana kukhulunywa ngazo kusigaba 13(3)(b) somThetho wezamaPholisa, wona othi amandla angasetjenziswa kwaphela lipholisa: 
* nalenza umsebenzalo ngokusemthethweni; begodu 
* nepholiselo livunyelwe mthetho ukusebenzisa amandla.
* Ipholisa lingasebenzisa amandla amancazana alungele ukusetjenziswa kilobo ubujamo bezinto. 

  Umsebenzi 2.7  

(Illustration as on top right of page 16, chapter 2, English text)

Imizuzu eli-10. 

Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo 

Iindinyana 2.7, 2.8 ne 2.9  

Iminqopho 

Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kukwenza abafundi bacabange ngokusetjenziswa kweengidi nakubotjhwa umuntu, kunye nokubonisana ngomthethokambiso wamandla alingeneko.  

Amanothi Womethuli 
1.  Bawa abafundi babonisane ngemibuzo elandelako: 
     (Sebenzisa ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 2.7) 
* Ipholisa lingamdumuza nini, nakunjani umsolwa obalekako?
* Angasetjenziswa na amandla ukusetjha umuntu obotjhiweko
2.  Bonisana nabo, ngakho koke ebekukhulunywa ngakho kilesisifundo.
3.  Rhunyeza.

Izinto Ekufuze Uzisebenzise Nawenza Isirhunyezo 

* INcwajana yokuSebenzela yamaLungelo wobuNtu nezobuPholisa, ikhasi 32. 
* Ithranspharensi: Ukubotjhwa kweNomboro 7. 

(Illustration as on bottom right of page 16, chapter 2, English text)

Amanothi 






2.8  UKUSETJENZISWA KWAMANDLA UKUSETJHA UMUNTU OBOTJHIWEKO 

Njengokomthetho ovamileko, umuntu kufuze asetjhwe kwaphela nakunencwadi elayela bona akasetjhwe (sigaba 21 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi), ngaphandle-ke kobana kube nomthetho othileko onikela amandla wokuthi kungasetjhwa ngaphandle kwencwadi yokusetjha. Ngaphandle kweengatjana 22, 23 ne-24 zomThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi, ikhona neminye imiThetho yePalamende eembadlwana nayo enikela amandla wokusetjha ngaphandle kwencwadi yokusetjha. 

Ngokwesigaba 23 (1)(a) somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi, ipholisa lingasetjha umuntu elimbophileko libe lithathe nanyana ngiyiphi ipahla kileyo ekukhulunywa ngayo kusigaba 20 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi etholakele iphethwe msolwa obotjhiweko, namkha etholakele ngaphasi kwelawulo lakhe umsolwa obotjhiweko. 

Kufuze kuvezwe bona nanyana isigaba 23(1)(a) somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi singakuvumeli tjhatjhalazi ukusetjenziswa kwamandla nakusetjhwako, kodwana nasifundwa nesigaba 27 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi, kufuze bona sihlathululwe bona sitjho khona ukusetjenziswa kwamandla, nakube ukusetjenziswa kwamandla kulingene ubujamo bezinto balapho kusetjhwa khona, begodu nakube nangambala kuyafuneka asetjenziswe amandla lapho. 

Umuntu obotjhiweko nakathambako nakasetjhwako, amandla awangasetjenziswa nakancani ukumsetjha namkha ukusetjha. 

Nakufumaniseka bona umuntu obotjhiweko uyabhala ukusetjhwa, kungasetjenziswa amandla alingeneko, azamenza kwaphela alise ukunghanghabala, avume ukusetjhwa. Malungana nalokhu-ke kungasetjenziswa iindlela zokubamba umuntu, njengokusebenzisa iinsimbi zokuqobotjhela umuntu izandla nje. 
Ukusetjhwa kwabantu okuvunyelwe ziingaba 21 no-22 zomThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi, kufuze bona kukhanjiswe ngendlela efana patsi nesetjho ngokwesigaba 23 (1)(a) somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi. 

(Illustration as on top right, page 18, chapter 18, English text)

Okuqakatheke Khulu

Ukusetjha umuntu obotjhiweko ezithweni zomzimba ezifihlekileko (izitho zobuntu bomuntu, njengesitho sobufazi nentunja yangemva yokuzithuma nezinye ezinjalo) kufuna amandla athileko, kanti-ke ngudorhodera namkha inesi elisemthethweni kwaphela abavunyelwe ukuraga isetjho elinjalo, nakhona nakube nangambala sikhona isidingo sokuthi umuntu asetjhwe ukufikela eendaweni ezinjalo, ngekolelo yokobana into okukhulunywe ngayo esigabeni 20 ifihlwe lapho. 

(Second illustration as on page 18 of chapter 2, English text)

Amanothi









Umsebenzi 2.8  

Imizuzu eli-10 

(Illustration as on top right of page 19, chapter 2, English text) 

Amanothi Womfundisi 
Tjengisa ividiyo ekhuluma ngokubotjhwa komuntu. 

2.9  IVIDIYO NGOKUBOTJHWA KOMUNTU 

Iyatholakala ividiyo yemizuzu elitjhumi etjengisa ukubotjhwa komuntu. 

Umsebenzi 2.9  

Imizuzu emi-3        (Illustration as on secod top right of page 19, chapter 2, English text) 

Amanothi Womethuli  

1.  Ngemva kokubukela ividiyo, nikela abafundi isikhathi sokubonisana, bese wenza isirhunyezo.
2.  Imibuzo ingasiza ukuhlahla indlela yokubonisana, bekuvele nokuthi ngiziphi iindaba ekungakhulunyiswana ngazo. 
3.  Qala iminqopho emikhulu bese nibonisana ngayo ngemibuzo neempendulo. Qinisekisa bona yoke iminqopho izalisiwe. 

(Bottom right hand side illustration as on page 19, chapter 2, English text). 

 Amanothi 






2.10  ISIRHUNYEZO/IMIBUZO 

       (Top left illustration as on page 19, Chapter 2, English text). 

* Ngiziphi iindlela zokwenza iqiniso lokobana ummangalelwa uyafika ekhotho? 
* Kukunini la ummangalelwa anamalungelo khona kusigaba 35(1), (2) nese (4) somThethosisekelo?
* Ngimaphi amalungelo womuntu obotjhiweko? 
* Ngimiphi imithetho esebenza nakusetjenziswa amandla ekubotjhweni komuntu, begodu itjho bonani imithetho leyo? 
* Umuntu obotjhiweko kufuze bona atjelwe amalungelwakhe ?msinyana ngokungakghonakalako?. Kutjho bonani lokhu? 
* Litjho bonani ilungelo lokuthula? 
* Umuntu obotjhiweko kufuze aphathwe njani, begodu kuba yini kufuze aphathwe njalo? 
 
2.11  AMATHRANSPHARENSI   

(Bottom left hand illustration as on page 19, Chapter 2, English text). 
 
* Ukubopha Nomboro 1:  Sigaba 10: Isithunzi Sobuntu
* Ukubopha Nomboro 2:  Sigaba 12: Ikululeko Nokuphepha Komuntu 
* Ukubopha Nomboro 3:  Amalungelo Wobuntu Womuntu Obotjhiweko 
* Ukubopha Nomboro 4:  Imithetho Yokusetjenziswa Kwamandla Nakubotjhwa Umuntu
* Ukubopha Nomboro 5:  Amaphuzu Ekufuze Aqalelelwe Nakusetjenziswa Amandla Ekubopheni Umuntu
* Ukubopha Nomboro 6: Amaphuzu Aqalwa Yikhotho 
* Ukubopha Nomboro 7:  Umsolwa Obalekako Angadutjulwa Kwaphela Nakuzaliseke Lemibandela Emithandathu Elandelako: 

* Umsebenzi 2.2 
* Umsebenzi 2.3 
* Umsebenzi 2.4 
* Umsebenzi 2.5 
* Umsebenzi 2.6 
* Umsebenzi 2.7. 

2.12	 IPHOWUSTA NGAMALUNGELO WABANTU ABABOTJHIWEKO 

       Kunephowusta etholakalako ngamalungelo wabantu ababotjhiweko. Iphowusta le kufuze bona iplagwe ebodeni ngaphambi kobana kuthome isifundo sokubopha umuntu. 

2.13	  UMTHOMBO WELWAZI NEMITLOLO EKUPHAKANYISWA BONA UYIFUNDE

       (Illustration as on the right hand side of page 20, chapter 2, English text).

Ukuragwa KomSebenzi WobuPholisa NamaLungelo WobuNtu: ISahluko 14 neSahluko 15. 
 Amagama WokuPhefumula NgomThetho WeKambiso YemiLandu YobuLelesi: ISahluko 5. 
INcwajana NgeKambiso YemiLandu WoBulelesi:  Umgadangiso wesi-3: ISahluko 7. 



(Illustration as on top right, page 20, Chapter 2, English text) 

Amanothi 




 

     








                         ISITHUNZI SOBUNTU 

ISigaba 10 somThethosisekelo 


                   Isithunzi Sobuntu 


10.  Omunye nomunye umuntu ubelethwe nesithunzi nelungelo lokuthi isithunzi sakhe sihlonitjhwe besivikelwe. 


                         Ithranspharensi : Ukubopha: Nomboro 1   
                         (Illustration as on page 21, chapter 2, English text)







IKULULEKO NOKUPHEPHA KOMUNTU 

ISigaba 12 somThethosisekelo: IKululeko nokuPhepha komuNtu

12 (1). Omunye nomunye unelungelo lekululeko nokuphepha komuntu, ekubalwa hlangana nakho: 

(a).  ilungelo lokungadinywa ikululeko ngentando yomunye umuntu namkha ngaphandle kwebanga elizwakalako;
 (b). ilungelo lokungavalelwa ngaphandle kokugwetjwa;
 (c). ilungelo lokuphepha kiyo yoke imihlobo yenturhu, ebuya  emphakathini namkha ebuya ebantwini bangeqadi;
 (d). ilungelo lokungatlhoriswa nanyana ngayiphi indlela; kunye 
 (e). nelungelo lokungaphathwa ngelunya namkha lokungahlawuliswa namkha usoziswe ngesihluku nangelunya, nangendlela eyehlisa isithunzi somuntu. 

                            Ithranspharensi:  Ukubopha:Nomboro 2        
                          (Illustration as on bottom of page 22, chapter 2, English text ) 








AMALUNGELO WOBUNTU WOMUNTU OBOTJHIWEKO
* Kufanele aziswe ngebanga lokubotjhwa.
* Kufanele aziswe ngamalungelwakhe woke womthetho.
* Kufanele angakatelelwa ukuvuma namkha ukwamukela ngaphandle kokufuna kwakhe.
* Ukwenza isibawo sebheyili.
* Ukulethwa ngaphambi kwekhotho msinyana ngokukghonakalako kodwanana kungakapheli ama-awa ama-48 ngemva kokubotjhwa.
* Ilungelo lokukhuluma negqwetha.
* Ilungelo lokuphathwa ngesithunzi nangehlonipho.

IThransparensi: Ukubopha: Nomboro 3


IMITHETHO YOKUSETJENZISWA KWAMANDLA NAKUBOTJHWA UMUNTU  
* Sebenzisa kuphela amandla alingeneko.
* Sebenzisa kuphela amandla alingene ukubopha.
* Sebenzisa kuphela amandla afanele ukwenza bona umsolwa abotjhwe. 
     Ithransparensi: Ukubopha: Nomboro 4


IZINTO OKUFANELE ZITJHEJWE NAKUSETJENZISWA AMANDLA NAKUBOTJHWA UMUNTU
* Ingabe bekulungile ukusebenzisa amandla, kufanele begodu kuyifezile na ihloso?
* Ingabe kghani ukusetjenziswa kwamandla kungavikelwa ekhotho yomthetho?
* Ingabe ukusebenzisa amandla kubangele ukulimala okuncani? 
IThransparensi: Ukubopha: Nomboro 5


                     IZINTO EZIQALWA YIKHOTHO 

* Ukhe wenziwa na umzamo wokuthoma ngokusebenzisa indlela nokungasi ngeyenturhu?
* Uhlonitjhiwe na umthethokambiso wokusebenzisa amandla alingana nobujamo begodu isidingo sitjhejiwe na?   
* Ipholisa ebelibopha umuntu lizibambile lazikhalima na ekusebenziseni isigidi?
* Ukusetjenziswa kweengidi phezu komuntu kuligadango lokugcina: Ngabe isigidi sisetjenziswe njengendlela yokugcina kungasekho okhunye okungenziwa na? 

                        Ithranspharensi: Ukubopha: Nomboro 6  

                  (Illustration as on on bottom of page 26, Chapter 2, English text)
                                  




UMSOLWA OBALEKAKO ANGADUTJULWA KWAPHELA NAKUZALISEKE IMIBANDELA EMITHANDATHU NASI ELANDELAKO:  

Khumbula: Nakube akunasidingo sokuthi usebenzise isigidi, musa ukusisebenzisa. 

1.  Umsolwa ubaleka nje vele selenze umlandu omumbi obalwa njengeminye yemilandu emimbi emthethwenikambiso wamapholisa. Yenza iqiniso lokuthi unekhophi yomthethokambiso wemilandu emimbi ebaliweko emapholiseni, uyazi ngehloko. 
2.  Ipholisa nalilinga ukubopha umsolwa ekuzwakala bona wenze lomhlobo womlandu. 
3.  Umsolwa uyazi bona ipholisa elilinga ukumbopha lifuna ukumbophela wona lomhlobo womlandu. 
4.  Ayikho enye indlela umsolwa angabotjhwa ngayo ngaphandle kobana adutjulwe.
5.  Ipholisa selikhe lamyelelisa umsolwa bona lizamdumuza nakube akajami, kodwana umsolwa akayingeni yesiyeleliso leyo, solo uyabaleka.  
6.  Ubuphilo babanye abantu angeke bungene engozini nakudutjulwako. 

Nakube umsolwa akajami, thoma ngokudubulela ukuyelelisa ntanzi, kodwana nakhona kufuze ukwenze kwaphela nakube angeke kube yingozi kabanye abantu. Nakube umsolwa solo uyabaleka, dumuza-ke manje. Linga ukudumuza isitho somzimba, njengomlenze nje, la kungasilula khona bona ihlavu yesigidi ingambulala umsolwa.  

                    (Ithranspharensi: Ukubopha: Nomboro 7. 

                (Illustration as on bottom of page 27, chapter 2, English text)



                               UMSEBENZI 2.2 

* Yini umnqopho wokubopha umuntu? 
* Kutjho bonani bona ?umsolwa kuthathwa bona umsulwa??
* Ngiziphi ezinye iindlela ezingasetjenziswa ukwenza iqiniso lokuthi umsolwa uyaya ekhotho ngaphandle kokubotjhwa? 

                     Ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 2.2  
 
            (Illustration as on bottom of page 28, chapter 2, English text)         
       




                                  UMSEBENZI  2.3 

* Ngiyiphi indlela elungileko yokubopha umuntu? 
* Ngimaphi amalungelo nesibopho sabantu ababotjhiweko? 
* Yini isibopho samapholisa nakabopha umuntu?
* Yini ipholisa ekufuze likutjele umuntu obotjhwako nalimbophako? 

                  Ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 2.3  

         (Illustration as on bottom page of page 29, chapter 2, English text) 









                               UMSEBENZI 2.4

* Umuntu obotjhiweko angasenza nini isibawo sebheyili? 


                         Ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 2.4 

            (Illustration as on bottom of page 30, chapter 2, English text)                              
 






                               UMSEBENZI  2.5 

* Ngimaphi amalungelo womuntu obotjhiweko angaqinteliswa? 


* Angaqinteliswa njani amalungelo la? 


                    Ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi  2.5 

         (Illustration as on bottom of page 31, chapter 2, English text)   






                                 UMSEBENZI  2.6 

* Bamba ikulumo yokubonisana ngakho koke okumalungana namazinga ahlukahlukeneko wamandla angasetjenziswa nakubotjhwa umuntu, ukusukela ekusetjenzisweni kwamandla amancancazana angasetjenziswa. 

                                Ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi  2.6  

          (Illustration as on bottom page of page 32, chapter 2, English text)






                                  UMSEBENZI 2.7 

* Ipholisa limdumuza nakwenzenjani umsolwa obalekako? 

* Amandla angasetjenziswa na ukusetjha umuntu obotjhiweko? 

                                 Ithranspharensi : Umsebenzi  2.7  

         (Illustration as on bottom page of page 33, chapter 2, English text) 







(SAPS emblem as on outer cover of chapter 5, and illustration thereto)










                 ISAHLUKO   5 


      Ukusetjha Nokuthumba Ipahla 


                                       OKUMUMETHWEKO
                          USETJHA NOKUTHUMBA IPAHLA 

                                           5. 
                                     Umtlamo Wesifundo 
                                          5.1 
                                            Iminqopho 
                                                  5.2 
                                            Isingeniso 
                                                  5.3 
                               Ngimiphi Imithetho Esetjenziselwa Ukusetjha 
                                              Nokubamba Ipahla? 
                                                   5.4       
                           Indinyana Yokuqintelisa, Ukusetjha 
                                         Nokubamba Ipahla
                                                    5.5 
                                  Isetjho Ngencwadi Yokusetjha: 
                                   Iingaba 21 no-25 ZomThetho WeKambiso 
                                          YemiLandu YobuLelesi 
                                                     5.6  
                                  Imiphumela Yokusetjha Ngokungasimthetho Namkha 
                            Isetjho Eleqa Amandla Anikelwe Yincwadi Yokusetjha
                                                      5.7  
                                   Isetjho Ngaphandle Kwencwadi 
                                    Yokusetjha:
                                   ISigaba 22 SomThetho WeKambiso YemiLandu 
                                                  YobuLelesi
                                                       5.8 
                                   Amanothi Nakho Koke Okuphathelene Nokuziphatha 
                                   Kwamapholisa Nakasetjhako Nanyana Abamba Ipahla
                                                       5.9  
                                   Ukusetjenziswa Kwamandla Nakusetjhwako Nanyana 
                                                  Kubanjwa Ipahla
                                                       5.9.1 
                                   Ukusetjenziswa Kwamandla Ukungena    
                                     Emzini/Endaweni
                                                       5.9.2 
                                   Ukusetjenziswa Kwamandla Ukusetjha Umuntu 
                                                        5.9.3 
                                   Ukusetjenziswa Kwamandla Ukusetjha Indawo 
                                           Kobanyana Kuzokubanjwa Ipahla 
                                                        5.10
                                    Ividiyo Ngokusetjha Nangokubamba Ipahla 
                                                        5.11 
                                            Isirhunyezo / Imibuzo
                                                         5.12 
                                            Amathranspharensi   
                                                         5.13 
                Umthombo Welwazi Nemitlolo Ekuphakanyiswa Bona Uyifunde 


                         UKUSETJHA NOKUBAMBA IPAHLA 
                    UMTLAMO WESIFUNDO WEMIZUZU EMA-60              


Okungaphakathi              Izinto Ekufuze Zenziwe                        Isikhathi      
5.1  Iminqopho 
Umsebenzi 5.1 Funda iminqopho 
            Imizuzu emi-2 
5.2 Isingeniso
Umsebenzi 5.2: Iinqhenyana Zokukhulumisana
             Imizuzu ema-20 
5.3  Ngimiphi Imithetho Esetjenziselwa Ukusetjha Nokubamba Ipahla 
Umsebenzi 5.3:  Imibuzo neempendulo, ukubonisana
             Imizuzu eli-7  
5.4  Indinyana Yokuqintelisa, Ukusetjha Nokubamba Ipahla 


5.5 Isetjho Ngencwadi Yokusetjha: Iingaba 21 no-25 ZomThetho WeKambiso YemiLandu YobuLelesi 


5.6 Imiphumela Yokusetjha Ngokungasimthetho Namkha Isetjho Eleqa Amandla Anikelwe Yincwadi Yokusetjha
Umsebenzi 5.4: UmThetho Osuselwa Emilandwini Yangaphambilini 
              Imizuzu emi-6 
5.7 Isetjho Ngaphandle Kwencwadi Yokusetjha : ISigaba 22 SomThetho WeKambiso YemiLandu YobuLelesi
Umsebenzi 5.5: Imibuzo Neempendulo, Umthetho Osuselwa Emilandwini Yaphambilini, Ukubonisana
                Imizuzu emi-2
5.8 Amanothi Nakho Koke Okuphathelene Namapholisa Nakasetjhako Nanyana Abamba Ipahla
Umsebenzi 5.6: Imibuzo Neempendulo, Ukubonisano
              Imizuzu emi-2 
5.9 Ukusetjenziswa Kwamandla Nakusetjhwako Nanyana Kubanjwa Ipahla 
Umsebenzi 5.7: Ukubonisana Ngezinto Zoke 
              Imizuzu eli-7 
5.9.1  Ukusetjenziswa Kwamandla Ukungena Emzini/Endaweni 


5.9.2 Ukusetjenziswa Kwamandla Ukusetjha Umuntu


5.9.3 Ukusetjenziswa Kwamandla Ukusetjha Indawo Kobanyana Kuzokubanjwa Ipahla 


5.10 Ividiyo Ngokusetjha Nangokubamba Ipahla 
Umsebenzi 5.8: Ividiyo Ngokusetjha Nangokubamba Ipahla
                 Imizuzu eli-10
5.11 Isirhunyezo / Imibuzo 
Umsebenzi 5.9: Imibuzo, Ukubonisana 
                 Imizuzu emi-4





5.1  IMINQOPHO  

Ngemva kokuqeda isahlukwesi, abafundi bazakwazi ukutjengisa bona bayazwisisa begodu bayahlonipha: 

* amalungelo womuntu osetjhwako;
* amalungelo womuntu okusetjhwa indawakhe namkha ipahlakhe;
* amalungelo womuntu ekubanjwa ipahlakhe kobanyana kuyokuphenywa ngayo, ngokomThethosisekelo; kunye 
* nokuphulwa kwamalungelo la ngendlela efanelekileko, ngokusebenzisa umthethokambiso nemihlahlandlela ekutjengiswana ngayo esifundweni sokulingisa, ngokweRhelo lamaLungelo wobuNtu (i-Bill of Rights); kunye 
* nemiphumela yokusetjha okungavunyelwa mThethosisekelo namkha okuphambana nemibandela yomThethosisekelo. 

Umsebenzi  5.1  

(Illustration as on top right of page 3, chapter 5, English text). 

Imizuzu emi-2

Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo  

Indinyana 5.1  

Iminqopho 
Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kuveza iminqopho yesifundwesi. 

Amanothi Womethuli 

* Fundela abafundi iminqopho yesifundwesi.
* Babuze bona bayayizwisisa na iminqopho le. 
* Bahlathululele la kufuneka khona. 


5.2 ISINGENISO 

Ukusetjha nokubamba ipahla yomuntu zizenzo ezimbi kumbi eziphula amalungelo womuntu. UmThethosisekelo unikela omunye nomunye umuntu isiqiniseko sokuvikeleka kwelungelo lakhe lokuphila ipilwakhe yobuyena ngeqadi (isigaba 14 somThethosisekelo) kunye nelungelo lekululeko nokuphepha komuntu (isigaba 12 somThethosisekelo). Amalungelo la atjho bona umBuso (amapholisa) awukwazi ukusetjha umuzi namkha ikhaya lomuntu, ipahla yomuntu namkha yena ngokwakhe emzimbeni, begodu umBuso awukwazi ukuthumba ipahla yomuntu, awukwazi nokuvula iincwadi ezithunyelelwe / eziposelwe omunye umuntu, awukwazi nokuthiya umtato womunye umuntu ngaphandle kokunikelwa mthetho amandla wokwenza njalo. Nokho-ke kuqakathekile ukutjheja nokulimuka bona emalungelweni la, alikho nalinye lawo elingalawulwako, ngombana woke njalo angaqinteliswa. Nakube kunebanga elizwakalako lokusola bona umuntu othileko wenze umlandu / wonile / ugangile, namkha nakube kunebanga elizwakalako lokukholwa bona into ethileko isetjenziselwe ukwenza umlandu / ukona / ukuganga, namkha nakube kunebanga elizwakalako lokuthi into ethileko ingaba lisizo ekuvezeni ubufakazi bokuthi kunomlandu owenziweko, namkha nakube kunebanga elizwakalako lokukholwa bona into ethileko izakusetjenziselwa ukwenza ubulelesi / ukona / ukuganga, umThethosisekelo (isigaba 36 somThethosisekelo ) uthi ilungelo lomuntu lokuba nepilwakhe yobuyena ngeqadi kunye nelungelo lekululekwakhe nelokuphepha kwakhe angaqinteliswa ngomThetho wePalamende, njengomThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi wango-1977, (umThetho wenomboro 57 ka-1977), wona ovumako bona ilungelo namkha amalungelo womuntu angaqinteliswa nakufaneleko.  Lapha-ke singalinganisa ngokuthi lokhu kungenziwa lokhuya umuntu nakasetjhewako, lokhuya indlu / umuzi womuntu nawusetjhwako namkha lokhuya nakubanjwa okuthileko komuntu, ngokwemibandela yomthetho. 

Khumbula bona ipholisa livumeleke ukusetjha nokubamba ipahla kwaphela nakube umthetho ulinikele amandla wokwenza njalo. Kuqakathekile bona ipholisa amandla elinikelwe wona lawo liwasebenzise ngokutjheja nokuyelela imibandela yomthetho ekufuze liwasebenzise ngayo, belenze neqiniso lokuthi amalungelo wobuntu womuntu loyo akephulwa. Nakube ipholisa lenza umsebenzalo ngokulandela umthetho, ukwephulwa kwamalungelo  (ukuqinteliswa) womuntu loyo kuzakuba semthethweni (kuzakuvumakala ngomthetho). 

Ukusetjha nokubamba ipahla kungaqintelisa amalungelo wobuntu alandelako:  

* Ilungelo lesithunzi somuntu (isigaba 10 somThethosisekelo).  
    (Iimbonelo:  Ukusetjha umuntu emzimbeni namkha ukusetjha umuntu emzimbeni bewuyokufika nezithweni zomzimba ezihloniphekileko nezifihlekileko). 
* Ilungelo lekululeko nelokuphepha komuntu (isigaba 12 somThethosisekelo). 
* Ilungelo lokuziphilela ipilwakho yobuwena ngeqadi (isigaba 14 somThethosisekelo).
(Iimbonelo:  Bonantana (kokukhulumisana), ukusetjhwa emzimbeni namkha ukusetjhwa emzimbeni bekufikwe nezithweni zomzimba ezihloniphekileko nezifihlekileko). 

Ngalokhu-ke kufuze bona uqinisekise bona okwenzako ukwenza ngomthetho ofaneleko, isibonelo mThetho wePalamende, nomThethosisekelo. 

(Illustration as on bottom of page 3, chapter 5, English text) 

Khumbula: 

(Illustration as on bottom of page 4, chapter 5, English text) 
Amalungelo womuntu aqinisekiswe mThethosisekelo, ngitjho nanyana angasetjhwa namkha kusetjhwe indawakhe namkha ipahlakhe namkha kubanjwe ipahlakhe. Kuqakathekile bona okwenziwa mapholisa kufuze bona kuhlale kusemthethweni. Nakube amalungelo womuntu aqinteliswa kusetjhwa nokuthunjwa kwepahlakhe, ukuqinteliswa kwamalungelwakhe kufuze bona kwenziwe bona kube kuncancazana. 

Umsebenzi  5.2  
(Illustration as on top right of page 4, chapter 5, English text). 

Imizuzu ema-20. 

Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo 

Iindinyana 5.2, 5.3 no-5.4. 

Iminqopho  

Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kukwenza abafundi bacabange ngokuthi ukusetjha umuntu nokubamba ipahla kungaba namphumela muni phezu kwamalungelo womuntu. 

1.  Isingeniso : Imizuzu emi-2 
2.  Iinqhenyana Zokukhulumisana: Imizuzu emi-5 
3.  Umbiko Obuyako  Wobekuboniswana Ngakho: Imizuzu eli-10
4.  Ukubonisana Ngakho Koke Ebekusetjenzwa Ngakho: Imizuzu emi-3 

Amanothi Womethuli 

1.  Bawa abafundi bona babonisane ngalokhu okulandelako ngeenqhenyanaqhenyana. 
    (Sebenzisa ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 5.2) 
* Tlola iimbonelo zamalungelo angaqinteliseka ngokusetjha nangokubamba ipahla. 
* Babawe bona baqale indinyana emalungana nokuqinteliswa kwamalungelo ekhasini 6 leencwadi zomsebenzi, bese uyahlola bona ukusetjha nokubamba ipahla kungathathwa njengokuphulwa kwamalungelo womuntu ngokufanelekileko na. 
* Bawa abafundi bona benze iimbonelo zemithetho (umthetho ovame ukusetjenziswa) ezilawula ukusetjha nokubamba ipahla. 
2.  Thola umbiko obuyako. Bawa omunye wabo bona azinikelele ukutlola amalungelo angaqinteliseka kufliptjhadi namkha ebhodini, abanye nabasakunikela umbiko obuyako. 
3.  Bonisana nabo ngokusetjenziswa kombandela oqintelisa amalungelo womuntu.
4.  Vala ngokubonisana nabo ngakho koke okuphathelene nesifundwesi. 




Izinto Ekufuze Uzisebenzise Nawenza Isirhunyezo 

* Isigaba 36 seNcwajana Yomsebenzi, ikhasi 6
* Ithranpharensi: Isingeniso: Nomboro 1 
* INcwajana Yomsebenzi, ikhasi lama-20 
* Isigaba 36 seSahluko 2 emThethwenisisekelo. 


5.3 INDINYANA YOMTHETHO WOKUQINTELISA NOKUSETJHA KUNYE NOKUTHUMBA IPAHLA 

Nakube kukhona amalungelo aqinteliswako aseRhelweni lamaLungelo wobuNtu (i-Bill of Rights), njengokuthi umuntu asetjhwe namkha kubanjwe ipahlakhe, ukuqinteliswa kwamalungelokho kufuze bona kuhlolwe ngokuqala bona kuyakhambisana na neemfuneko zokuqinteliswa kwamalungelo endinyaneni yalokho. 

Ukusetjha nokubanjwa kwepahla kunye nokusetjenziswa kwe-sigaba 36(1) somThethosisekelo kungahlathululwa nganasi indlela elandelako:  

* Ukuqinteliswa kwelungelo kufuze bona kuthome kube khona emthethweni ovamileko. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona kufuze kube nomthetho oseencwadini (lapha kubalwa nomThetho wePalamende, iinjamiso, imithetho yamaphrovinsi, nemithetjhwana elawula iindawo zemakhaya) namkha umthetho ongakatlolwa. Ekusetjheni nekubambeni ipahla, umthetho ovamileko kuzakuba mThetho weKambiso yemiLandu wobuLelesi ka-1977, umThetho weenKhali neenDubuli ka-1969 (umThetho wenomboro 75 ka-1969) namkha umThetho weenDakamizwa nokuKhukhuthiswa kweenDakamizwa ka-1992 (umThetho wenomboro 140 ka-1992), isigaba 13 somThetho wamaPholisa weSewula Afrika ka-1975 (umThetho wenomboro 68 ka-1995), njll. 

* Amalungelo angaqinteliselwa kwaphela ukufikela la ukuqinteliswa kwawo kuzwakala khona. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona ukuqinteliswa kwamalungelo kufuze bona kuzwakale ebujamenobo okwenzeka ngaphasi kwabo. Nakube ikhona indlela ethambathambileko yokuzintelisa kodwanana ezakuba nomphumela ofanako, amapholisa kungaba ngcono asebenzise yona. Ihloso okufuze ifikelelwe izakuvumelana nokusetjha. Ngalokho-ke ukuqinteliswa kwelungelo / kwamalungelo kuzakuba ngokuzwakalako (okulungileko). Amapholisa akukafaneli bona aqintelisele amalungelo wabantu butjhwileni.   

* Ukuqinteliswa kwamalungelo womuntu obotjhiweko kufuze bona kwenziwe ngamabanga azwakalako emphakathini ovulekileko nophila ngedemokhrasi, kwenziwe ngokuhlonipha isithunzi somuntu nangokuqalelela ukulingana kwabantu kunye nangokuqalelela ikululeko yabo. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona okwenzako kufuze bona ukwazi ukukukhulumela uveze bona kuhle ngani, nawufika ekhotho, ngemva kwesetjho nokuthumba ipahla. Umphakathi ovulekileko nophila ngedemokhrasi utjho bona amapholisa keminye imiphakathi ephila ngedemokhrasi kufuze bona  enze ngendlela efanako ebujamni obunjalo.
              Soke isikhathi kufuze bona woke umuntu umphathe ngehlonipho,       
              uhloniphe isithunzi sakhe, umphathe nangendlela ekungalindeleka 
              bona amanye amapholisa aphathe ngayo umuntu. Akakufaneli bona 
              kube nomuntu ombandlululako. Khumbula, umuntu kuthathwa bona 
              umsulwa, ikhotho ibe iveze ubufakazi bokuthi unomlandu, nangabe 
              unawo. 
* Malungana nesigaba 36(1) (a) ukuya ku (e), kusetjenziswa umthethokambiso wokulinganisa. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona ukuqinteliswa kwamalungelo womuntu, njengokuthi nje aqinteliswe amalungelwakhe wokuba nepilo yangeqadi, kufuze bona kulinganiswe (kuthonyaniswe) nobunjalo bomlandu awenzileko, kulinganiswe godu nanobumbi bomlandu awenzileko. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona ukuqinteliswa kwelungelo lomuntu kufuze kutjhejwe bona kwanele lokho akonileko, ukuqinteliswa kwamalungelo wakhe wokuziphilela ipilwakhe ngeqadi kufanele umlandu awenzileko. Amalungelo kufuze bona aqinteliswe kancancazana. Umnqopho wokusetjha kufuze bona ukwenze kubonakale kuyinto elungileko ukusetjha. 

(Illustration as on page 5, chapter 5, English text)

Amanothi 






5.4  NGIMIPHI IMITHETHO ELAWULA ISETJHO NOKUTHUMBA IPAHLA 

* UmThetho weKambiso yemiLandu wobuLelesi ka-1977 (umThetho wenomboro 57 ka-1977). 
* Eminye imithetho, ekubalwa hlangana nayo nomThetho weenKhali neenDubuli ka-1969 (umThetho wenomboro 75 ka-1969), umThetho weenDakamizwa nokuKhuthuthiswa kweenDakamizwa ka-1992 (umThetho wenomboro 140 ka-1992), umThetho wokuLawula amaPhandle ka-1991 (umThetho wenomboro 96 ka-1991), umThetho wokweTjiwa kweFuyo ka-1959 (umThetho wenomboro 57 ka-1959) nesigaba 13 somThetho wamaPholisa weSewula Afrika ka-1995 (umThetho wenomboro 68 ka-1995 ). 

(Illustration as on top right of page 6, chapter 5, English text)

Amanothi 




5.5 ISETJHO NGENCWADI YOKUSETJHA: IINGABA 21 NO-25 ZOMTHETHO WEKAMBISO YEMILANDU YOBULELESI 
 
Ilungelo lokuziphilela ipilwakho yangeqadi lililungelo elisisekelo samalungelo wobuntu. Ngalokho-ke kuqakatheke khulu ukuvikelwa ekuphulweni kwelungelo lomuntu lokuziphilela ipilwakhe yangeqadi ngendlela engezwakaliko nengakafaneli. Ukuvikela amalungelo womuntu ngamunye kunye nokuqiniseka bona amapholisa enza umsebenzawo ngomthetho, kuqakathekile bona ipholisa lithole incwadi yokusetjha ngaphambi kobana lingayokusetjha belibambe nepahla. ISigaba 21 (1) somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu wobuLelesi sinendlela esivikela ngayo, ngokufuna bona ?nanyana yini ebanjwako ibanjwe ngencwadi yokusetjha?. Incwadi enjalo-ke ikhutjhwa siphathimandla sezobulungiswa; lokho-ke kutjho bona umarhistradi namkha isiphathiswa sezokuthula (ekubalwa hlangana nazo nesiphathimandla esithunyiweko semaPholiseni wakwa-SAPS). Isiphathimandla sezobulungiswa siqala ilwazi eliphambi kwaso, bese sisebenzisa umbonwaso ukuqala bona isetjho liyafuneka namkha alifuneki na, nakube liyafuneka bese sikhupha incwadi yokusetjha. Ngalokho-ke ukuthola incwadi yesetjho kuyindlela yokuqinisekisa bona ilungelo lomuntu lokuziphilela ipilwakhe yangeqadi lingacajelwa ngento engekho, ngombana ibanga lokobana kuyokusetjhwa lizakuhlolwa babantu abazijameleko.  

Incwadi yokusetjha kungcono nayitholakala kusiphathimandla sezobulungiswa (umarhastrada namkha ijaji). Neemphathimandla ezithunyiweko nazo zinawo amandla wokukhupha incwadi yokusetjha, kodwana azikwazi ukuba nesandla ephenyweni elifunelwa incwadi yokusetjha. Isiphathimandla esithunyiweko kufuze bona sikwazi ukuzijamela, sikghone nokuqala izinto ngelihlo elingakatjhigami, kobanyana sizokwazi ukusebenzisa imininingwana yelwazi esinikelwe yona ukuthatha isiqunto sokuthi incwadi yokusetjha ikhutjhwe namkha ingakhutjhwa. Iimphathimandla ezithunyiweko zinawo amandla wokukhupha incwadi yokusetjha, ngalokho-ke amapholisa akangazazi ukusebenzisa lendlela ukuthola incwadi yokusetjha, khulu khulu nakunganamarhistradi otholakalako ngesikhatheso. Incwadi yokusetjha ekhutjhwe ngumarhistradi nesiphathimandla esithunyiweko ziyafana, ziyalingana nangamandla. Kungcono ukusetjha ngencwadi yokusetjha ekhutjhwe siphathimandla esithunyiweko kunokusetjha ngaphandle kwencwadi. 

Isibawo sencwadi yokubopha kufuze bona sibe nelwazi elifungelweko elitjengisa amabanga azwakalako wokukholwa bona: 

* kunomlandu owenziweko namkha kunomlandu oseduze nokwenziwa;
* kunezinto ezithileko ezibalwako emlandwini esele wenziwe namkha loyo osarerwako namkha ezingaba bufakazi ekwenziweni komlandu loyo; isigaba 20 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi; begodu 
* izintwezo ziphethwe mumuntu othileko namkha zisendaweni ethileko. 

Incwadi yokusetjha inikela imvumo yokuyokusetjha umuntu othileko namkha umuntu othileko, kufunwa into namkha izinto ezithileko. 
* Incwadi yokusetjha ilayela bona ngiyiphi indawo namkha iindawo ekufuze zisetjhwe.
* Incwadi yokusetjha ilayela bona ngubani ekufuze asetjhwe (lapha-ke kungatjhiwo nabantu abangahle batholwe endaweni la kuthiwe akuyokusetjhwa khona).
* Isetjho elikhutjhelwe incwadi yokusetjha kufuze bona lenziwe kusemini, ngaphandle-ke kokuthi kutjhiwo ngenye indlela, ngemva kobana ilunga liveze amabanga wobana kungani kuyosetjhwa ebusuku.
* Incwadi yokusetjha ayiphelelwa mamandla kungakasetjhwa la kufuze kuyokusetjhwa khona namkha ibulawe mumuntu oyikhuphileko namkha ibulawe ngomunye onamandla alinganako naloyo oyikhuphileko.
* Emveni kobana sekusetjhiwe, ikhophi yencwadi yokusetjha kufuze bona inikelwe umuntu ophulelwe amalungelo ngesetjhelo. Loyo-ke kuvamise bona kube mnikazi wendawo namkha kube mumuntu ohlala endaweni esetjhwako leyo, namkha kube mumuntu obekasetjhwa. 
* Incwadi yokusetjha isetjenziswe ngokuya kwemibandela ebekwe kiyo. 
* Kuyikambiso esetjenziswako-ke bona isetjho kufuze lenziwe phambi komnikazi wendawo esetjhwako namkha phambi komuntu ohlala endaweni esetjhwako leyo. 

(Illustration as on page 8, chapter 5, English text)

Amanothi 





  
(Illustration as on top right of page 7, chapter 5, English text)

Umsebenzi 5.3  

Imizuzu eli-7

Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo 

Indinyana 5.5 

Iminqopho 

Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kubonisana ngesetjho lencwadi. 

 Amanothi Womethuli 

1.  Bonisana nabo ngemibuzo elandelako: 
     (Sebenzisa ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 5.3) 
* Ungayitholaphi incwadi yokusetjha? 
* Ngimiphi imininingwana yelwazi ekufuze ibe sesibaweni sokusetjha?
* Bonisanani ngokuthi yini okuzakuba sencwadini yokusetjha.
* Wenziwa nini umsebenzi wokusetjha?
* Kufanele na bona umnikazindawo namkha umuntu ohlala endaweni esetjhwako anikelwe ikhophi yencwadi yokusetjha?
* Yenza isirhunyezo. 

Izinto Ekufuze Uzenze Nawenza Isirhunyezo 
 
* Sebenzisa ithranspharensi: Isetjho Nomboro 1
* Sebenzisa ithranspharensi: Isetjho Nomboro 2
 

5.6  IMIPHUMELA YAMASETJHO ANGEKHO EMTHETHWENI NAMKHA AMASETJHO EQA AMANDLA WENCWADI YESETJHO

Bona iimphathimandla zikuthathela phezulu kangangani ukwephulwa kwamalungelo womuntu wokuziphilela ipilwakhe yangeqadi kufakazelwa mibandela yesigaba 28 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi. Isigabesi sithi ipholisa eliphambana nalokho okutjhiwo yincwadi yokusetjha, namkha elisetjha namkha lithumbe ipahla ngaphandle kokunikelwa amandla wokwenza njalo lizakutholwa linomlandu wobulelesi. Ungazimbi wegadango elinjalo elingekho emthethweni naye unelungelo lokuthi angayowamangalela amapholisa. 
Isigaba28 asiyibali imilandu engahle ithweswe ipholisa elisetjhe indawo ngokungasimthetho namkha elithumbe ipahla ngokungasimthetho. Imilandu ekungammangalelwa ngawo amapholisa aphule umthetho njalo kungaba mlandu wokulimaza, wokubetha, wokona ipahla kanye newokweba. 

Elinye ikhandelo kukobana isigaba 35(5) somThethosisekelo sithi ubufakazi obutholwe ngokwephula ilungelo elisemthethwenisisekelo kufuze bona bubekelwe ngeqadi bungafakwa ekugwetjweni komlandu, nakube ukuvunywa kobufakazobo kuzakwenza ukugwetjwa komlandu loyo kungakhambi ngendlela elungileko namkha nakube kuzakukhisimeza ikambiso yomthethobulungiswa. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona ubufakazi obunjalo angeze bavunywa ekhotho. Umphumela walokhu kungaba kbona ummangalelwa agcine atholwe anganamlandu. 


Umsebenzi 5.4 

(Illustration as on top right of page 9, chapter 5, English text) 

Imizuzu esi-6  

Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo  

Indinyana 5.6  

Iminqopho 
Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kubonisana ngemiphumela yesetjho elingekho emthethweni namkha isetjho eleqa amandla wencwadi yesetjho. 

Amanothi Womethuli 
Bawa abafundi bona baphendule imibuzo elandelako: 
(Sebenzisa ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 5.4) 
* Uyini umphumela wokusetjha ngokungekho emthethweni? 
* Amakhotho ayabuvuma na ubufakazi obutholakele ngesetjho elingekho emthethweni? 

Fundela abafundi isibonelwesi. 

(Second illustration as on page 9, chapter 9, English text).

UmThetho OSuselwa EmiLandwini YaPhambilini

Emlandwini waka-S noMayekiso en Andere 1996 (3) All SA 121 (C), ipholisa elaliphenya langena endaweni yommangalelwa wokuthoma ngaphandle kwencwadi yokusetjha  labamba ipahla ethileko lapho, ekubalwa hlangana nayo neyayingesikhwameni sommangalelwa wesithathu. Ummangalelwa wokuthoma wavuma bona ingasetjhwa indawakhe, kodwana azange kube nobufakazi bokuthi nommangalelwa wesithathu naye wavuma bona isikhwama sakhe sisetjhwe. Ikhotho-ke yalawula bona isenzo sepholisa elasetjha lapho ?ngesamabomu nesokuphula ngabomu? ilungelo lommangalelwa wesithathu lokuphila ipilwakhe yangeqadi. Ikhotho yabuye yalawula nokuthi abukho ubufakazi obabuhlanganisa ipahla eyathathwa ngesikhwameni nomlandu okuzwakala bona wenziwa, yabe yatjho nokutjho bona umnqopho wepholisa elabamba ipahla leyo kwakungeze kwaba kuvimbela ukubulawa kobufakazi obuphathekako. 


5.7 ISETJHO NGAPHANDLE KWENCWADI YOKUSETJHA: ISIGABA 22 SOMTHETHO WEKAMBISO YEMILANDU YOBULELESI

Umthetho ovamileko nolungileko kbona kufuze kusetjhwe ngencwadi yokusetjha. Njengombana  ukusetjha nokubamba ipahla kukukwephula amalungelo womuntu wangeqadi, umthetho othi kufuneka incwadi yokusetjha ukusetjha indawo namkha umuntu uyindlela ehle khulu yomthetho yokuvikela ukwephula kwelungelwelo. Umthetho lo ufuna bona amaqiniso akhona kufuze bona athome aqalwe mumuntu ongathathi hlangothi nonokuziphendulela okuhle ezintweni azenzako, ekuyena kufuze bona athathe isiqunto sokuthi liyezwakala na ibanga lepholisa lokuthi likholwa bona kuyinto efaneleko ukusetjha nokubamba ipahla. Nokho-ke lelivikeleko leqiswa amehlo lokhuya nakusetjhwa ngaphandle kwencwadi yokusetjha, kuthiwe bekungeke kukghonakale bona itholakale incwadi yokusetjha, ngaleyindlela-ke bekubonakale ungathi isetjhwelo lingelilungileko. Nasilinganisako, lokhu kwenzeka ebujameni bezinto la kufuneka khona igadango lamsinyana ukuqiniseka bona ubufakazi abubulawa.  Ngesibanga yalokhu-ke, sikhona isibonelelo esenziweko salokhu, njengakusigaba 22 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi, isibonelelo esivumela ukusetjhwa kwendawo namkha umuntu ngaphandle kwencwadi yokusetjha. 

Obunye Ubujamo La Ilungu Lingasetjha Khona Ngaphandle Kwencwadi Yokusetjha  

* Ekubotjhweni 
Amapholisa kufuze bona umuntu amsetjhe nakambophako. Lokhu-ke kwenzeka ngaphandle kwencwadi yokusetjha, ngalokho-ke akukho emthethweni. Isigaba 23 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi sibonelela ngokusetjhwa komuntu obotjhiweko kunye neendawo, nakube umsolwa ubotjhwe ngaphasi kobujamo obuthileko. Ibanga lalokhu kuphephisa ubujamo bezinto, nokuvikela umuntu obotjhiweko bona angazilimazi, nokuvimbela bona ipholisa namkha nanyana ngubani omunye bangalinyazwa, kunye nokuthola ubufakazi ngomuntu obotjhiweko.   

* Ukuvuma  
Nanyana iimfuneko zokusetjha ngaphandle kwencwadi yokusetjha zifana nje nalokha umuntu nakasetjha ngencwadi, amakhotho avamise ukuziphatha ngendlela engafaniko iindaba zakhona, begodu enza neqiniso lokuthi zoke iimfuneko zizalisekile umuntu nakasetjha ngaphandle kwencwadi. Nakusetjhwe ngaphandle kwencwadi, ikhotho ivamise ukuba nesandla esiqinaqinileko, ngombana isetjho elinjalo kutjho bona lenziwe ngaphandle kwesiqhema esizijameleko ekuthathweni kwesiqunto. 

Umsebenzi 5.5 

(Illustration as on top right of page 10, chapter 5, English text)  

Imizuzu emi-2

Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo  
Indinyana 5.7  

Umnqopho 
Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kubonisana ngokusetjha ngaphandle kwencwadi yokusetjha. 

Imibuzo Neempendulo 
(Sebenzisa ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 5.5) 
Ipholisa livumelekile na bona lingasetjha ngaphandle kwencwadi yokusetjha? Nakube livumelekile, kukunini la livumeleke khona? 

(Second illustration as on page 10, chapter 5, English text  

UmThetho oSuselwa emLandwini waPhambilini 
Emlandwini waka-S noMotloutsi 1996(1) SACR 78 (C ), ikhotho yaqunta bona nakube kunesiphathimandla esithunywako, ukutlhogakala kwakamarhistradi ukunikela incwadi  yokusetjha angeze kwamukeleke njengebanga lokungakayitholi incwadi yokusetjha. 
 
Isigaba 22 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi: Ubujamo La Ipahla Ingabanjwa Khona Ngaphandle Kwencwadi Yokuksetjha. 
(Third illustration as on bottom of page 10, chapter 5, English text).

Ipholisa lingasetjha nanyana ngubani, lisetjhe nanyana kukuphi, ngaphandle kwencwadi yokusetjha, ukube linqophe ukubamba nanyana ngimuphi umhlobo wepahla ekukhulunywa ngayo kusigaba 20. 

(a). nakube umuntu ekufuze asetjhwe namkha ekufuze kusetjhwe indawakhe uyavuma bona kusetjhwe, avume nokuthi ibanjwe ipahla efunekako leyo, namkha nakube umuntu ongavuma bona kusetjhwe indawo uyavuma bona nangambala akusetjhwe, avume nokuthi ingabanjwa ipahla efunekako lapho; namkha 
(b). nakube kunamabanga azwakalako wokukholwa bona: 

(i). Uzakunikelwa incwadi yokusetjha, ngokwendinyana (a) yesigaba 21(1) nakabawa ukunikelwa incwadi yokusetjha leyo; begodu akholwa bona 
(ii). Ukuriyada kokutholakala kwencwadi yokusetjha leyo kungafadalalisa umnqopho wesetjhwelo.
               


5.8	AMANOTHI WAKHO KOKE NGOKUZIPHATHA KWAMAPHOLISA NAKASETJHAKO NANYANA ATHUMBA IPAHLA 

Soke isikhathi, nakusetjhwako nanyana kubanjwa ipahla kufuze bona koke lokho kwenziwe ngokucabangela isithunzi somuntu. Lokhu-ke kutjho bona abantu kufuze ubaphathe ngehlonipho, ngokunjalo nepahla nayo kufuze bona uyiphathe ngehlonipho, begodu akukafaneli bona kwenziwe umonakalo nokudungeka kwezinto ngento engekho. Igadango elihle kuphatha abanye abantu ngendlela wena ongafuna ukuphathwa ngayo. Lokhu-ke kukhambisana nesigaba 10 somThethosisekelo. UmThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi nawo unemihlahlandlela eqinisekisa bona koke isetjho nokuthunjwa kwepahla kuyayizalisa imibandela yokuhlonitjhwa kwesithunzi somuntu (isigaba 29 somThetho wemiLandu yobuLelesi). 

Umuntu kufuze bona asetjhelwe ngemsitheleni, nakukghonakalako, nakasetjhwa emzimbeni.  Lokhu-ke kwenzelelwa ukuvikela isithunzi somuntu. Nakube akunapholisa lomfazi ukusetjha abantu besifazi, ipholisa eliduna lingabawa nanyana ngimuntu umuntu wesifazi hlangana nabantu bomphakathi bona alisetjhele umuntu omfazi ekufuze asetjhwe lapho. 


(Illustration as on bottom of page 11, chapter 11, English text) 

Okuqakathekileko  

Ukusetjha umuntu udlulele nezithweni zakhe zangasese (njengesitho sobufazi nesitho sangemva sokuzithuma) kufuze bona kwenziwe ngudorhodera kwaphela. Isetjho elinjalo lingenziwa kwaphela nakube kunamabanga azwakalako enza kukholakale bona ipahla efunwako ekukhulunywa ngayo kusigaba 20 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi ingaba sezithweni zangasese namkha ezithweni ezifihlekileko zomuntu osetjhwako. 

Umsebenzi 5.6 

(Illustration as on top right of page 11, chapter 5, English text)

Imizuzu emi-2

Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo 
Indinyana 5.8  

Imibuzo Neempendulo  

Bawa abafundi bona baphendule imibuzo elandelako:  
((Sebenzisa ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 5.6) 
* Ipholisa eliduna lingamsetjha na umuntu wesifazi?
* Nakube akakho amapholisa abafazi, ipholisa eliduna kufuze bona lenzeni?



Izinto Ekufuze Uzenze Nawenza Isirhunyezo    

* Ithranspharensi : Isetjho Nomboro 4 
* Isigaba 29 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi. 


(Second [middle] illustration as on right hand side of page 11, chapter 5, English text) 

            Isigaba 29 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandua yobuLelesi 
Umsebenzi wokusetjha umuntu newokusetjha iindawo kufuze bona wenziwe ngehlonipho nangepatho ehle, kanti-ke umuntu wesifazi kufuze bona asetjhwe ngomunye umuntu wesifazi kwaphela, begodu nakube akunapholisa elimfazi, umuntu osetjhwako loyo angasetjhwa nanyana ngimuphi omunye umuntu wesifazi ongabawiwa lipholisa ukwenza njalo.  

(Last illustration as on right hand side of page 11, chapter 11, English text) 

            Amanothi Womethuli  






5.9	UKUSETJENZISWA KWAMANDLA NAKUSETJHWAKO NANYANA KUTHUNJWA IPAHLA 

Ipholisa elingasetjha umuntu namkha indawo ngokusemthethweni, namkha elingangena endaweni nanyana ngiyiphi kobanyana liyokuthola ubufakazi lingasebenzisa amandla anele kwaphela ukwehlula loyo namkha labo ekungenzeka bona balinga ukulivimba bona lingasetjhi godu lingangeni (isigaba 27 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi). Lokhu-ke kutjho bona ipholisa lingasebenzisa kwaphela amandla alingeneko afunekako ebujameni obuthileko. Ukulingana okufunekako kutjho bona musa ukusebenisa amandla nakube akunasidingo sokobana uwasebenzise. Ungasebenzisa amandla afunekako anele nalingene ukwehlula loyo osuke asendlelenakho ngombana  alinga ukukuvimba namkha ukunghanghabala bona ungene la ufuna ukungena khona (isigaba 13 somThetho wamaPholisa wakwa-SAPS: Amandla amancancazana). 


5.9.1  Ukusetjenziswa Kwamandla Ukungena Endaweni 

Ngokwesigaba 27 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi, ipholisa livumelekile ukusebenzisa amandla aneleko, ukungena endaweni ukuyokusetjha. Ngaphambi kobana kungasetjenziswa amandla, ipholisa kufuze bona likhulume ngokuzwakalako lifune ukungena lapho, litjho nokuthi kubayini lifuna ukungena endaweni leyo. Ipholisa livumelekile bona liphule umnyango namkha ifesidiri bona likghone ukungena. Nokho-ke nakube akunasidingo sokobana lisebenzise amandla, alingawasebenzisi vele. 

Kukhona-ke la izinto zikhanjiswa khona ngendlela ehlukileko. Nakube ipholisa linebanga elizwakalako lokukholwa bona into efunwako esetjhwenelo ingahle imotjhwe namkha ilahlwe nakube ukungena kufunwa ngokuzwakala begodu nebanga lokungena liyatjhiwo, ilunga lingasebenzisa amandla aneleko ngokukghonekako. Lokhu-ke kwenzeka nakube into esetjhwako / efunwako leyo yinto encancani, namkha nakube intoleyo isidakamizwa esincancani esingamotjhwa namkha silahlwe lula, njengokuthi nje siphoselwe edreyinini sikhambe namanzi namkha siginywe, namkha nakube ipilo yamapholisa ingena engozini ngokukokoda kwawo, njengokuthi nje amapholisa lawo nakaziko bona umuntu ongaphakathi unesigidi. Lomehluko-ke waziwa ngokuthi ?yindinyana yokungakokodi?. 

(Illustration as on top right of page 13, chapter 5, English text)  

Amanothi 






Umsebenzi 5.7  

(Second illustration as on bottom of page 13, chapter 5, English text)

Imizuzu eli-7  

Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo  
Indinyana 5.9 

Umnqopho  
Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kubonisana ngokusetjenziswa kwamandla ekusetjhweni kwendawo kobanyana kuzokuthunjwa ipahla. 

Amanothi Womethuli 
1.  Bawa abafundi babonisane ngalokhu okulandelako: 
    (Sebenzisa ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 5.7))  
* Ipholisa livunyelwe na ukusebenzisa amandla ukungena endaweni kobanyana liyokusetjha? 
* Ipholisa livunyelwe na ukusebenzisa amandla ukuthumba ipahla? 

2.  Bonisanani ngemithethokambiso esetjenziselwa ukusetjha nokuthumba ipahla. 
3.  Yenza isirhunyezo. 

       Izinto Ekufuze Uzisebenzise Nawenza Isirhunyezo 

* Sebenzisa ithranspharensi: Isetjho : Nomboro 3 
    ?Amanothi ngesetjho nangokuthumba ipahla?.
5.9.2  Ukusetjeniswa Kwamandla Ukusetjha Umuntu 

ISigaba 23 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu wobuLelesi Sinikela ipholisa amandla wokusetjha umuntu obotjhiweko lithumbe nepahla ezakutholakala kuye ekukhulunywa ngayo kusigaba 20 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi. Nakube ukusetjenziswa kwamandla kuyafuneka, angasetjenziswa amandla alingeneko. Nakwenziwa koke lokho-ke nokho kufuze bona kuhlale kukhunjulwa imithetho ephathelene nokusetjhwa kwabantu emzimbeni bekufike nezithweni ezifihlekileko. 

Umthetho othi akusetjenziswe amandla amancazana kufuze bona uhlale uhlonitjhwa. Nakube akunamandla afunekako ukuthumba ipahla, musa ukuwasebenzisa. 

5.9.3  Ukusetjenziswa Kwamandla Ukusetjha Iindawo Nokuthumba Ipahla 

ISigaba 27 somThetho weKambiso yemiLandu yobuLelesi sivumela ukusetjenziswa kwamandla ngeminqopho emibili: 
* Ngomnqopho wokungena endaweni kobanyana kuyokusetjhwa;
* Ngomnqopho wokwenza isetjho ngokwalo. 

Amandla kufuze asetjenziswe kwaphela nakube umuntu oqalene nepholisa unghanghabala ngekani; nakhona lapho amandla kufuze asetjenziswe ngombana sekubhalelwe woke amanye amaqhinga ipholisa elingawasebenzisa. Ukusetjenziswa kwamandla kuba semthethweni kwaphela nakube isetjho lisemthethweni. Khumbula, nakube akunasidingo sokusebenzisa amandla, musa ukuwasebenzisa. 

Iimbonelo:  
Awukwazi ukuphula ilayi ivuleke ufuna umlelenjani. Awukwazi ukuphula isimumathi esikhanyelako la into engaphakathi kwesimumatheso ihlezi ebaleni ibonakala kuhle khona ngaphandle kokuphula. 

Amanothi Ngesetjho Nangokubamba Ipahla 

* Setjha kwaphela la kunokwenzeka khona bona itholakale ipahla efunekako (Isibonelo: Umabonwakude angeze angena ngebhokisaneni lejuwelari). 
* Isetjho kufuze lenziwe ngemva kokuphuma kwelanga, nangaphambi kokutjhinga kwelanga, ngaphandle-ke kobana mhlamunye incwadi yesetjho ikhuluma ngenye indlela ehlukileko. 
* Nikela umnikazindawo esetjhwako ikhophi yencwadi yokusetjha nakayifunako, ngemva kobana kusetjhiwe. 
* Incwadi yokusetjha ingasetjenziswa kanye kwaphela. 
* Ukwephulwa kwamalungelo womuntu la kusetjhwa khona namkha yena osetjhwako kufuze bona kuncitjhiswe kube phasi khulu khulu, ngokulawulwa bujamo bezinto balapho. 
* Amandla angasetjenziswa kwaphela nasele kubonakala kubhala, ingasekho enye into engenziwa. 

(Top left illustration as on page 14 of chapter 5, English text) 

Khumbula: 
Bona umnqopho womThethosisekelo ayisikho ukuvimbela ukuphenyisiswa kwemilandu, kodwana kuvikela amalungelo asisekelo wabantu boke.

5.10  IVIDIYO NGESETJHO NANGOKUTHUMBA IPAHLA 
Kunevidiyo ye-10 lemizuzu ?NgeSetjho NangokuThumba Ipahla?. 

5.11 ISIRHUNYEZO / IMIBUZO  
(Second illustration as left hand side of page 14, chapter 5, English text).

* Iingaba 14 zomThethosisekelo zitjho bonani malungana nesetjho nokuthumba ipahla? 
* Kungani kuyikambiso ehle ukuthola incwadi yokusetjha ngaphambi kobana uyokusetjha? 
* Yini ekufuze bona kutlolwe encwadini yokusetjha? 
* Yini umphumela wesetjho elingekho emthethweni namkha wesetjho eleqa igunya lokusetjha? 
* Ipholisa livumelekile na bona lingasetjha ngaphandle kwencwadi yokusetjha?
* Yini ekufuze yenziwe lipholisa ngaphambi kobana lisebenzise amandla ukungena endaweni liyokusetjha namkha ngomnqopho wokusetjha nokuthumba? Kukhona na okuhlukileko kilomthetho? 
* Incwadi yokusetjha iphelelwa nini kusebenza, begodu ingasetjenziswa kangaki? 

(Illustration as on top right of page 14, chapter 5, English text)  
Amanothi 





Umsebenzi 5.8  

(Second illustration as on page 14, chapter5, English text)

Imizuzu eli-10

Amanothi Womethuli 
Tjengisa ividiyo ekhuluma ngokusetjha nangokuthumba ipahla. 

Okuqakathekileko

(Third illustration as on right hand side of page 14, chapter 5, English text) 

Isigaba esimalungana ?nokuSetjha nokuThumba ipahla? iza ngaphambi kwengcenye ekhuluma ?ngokuPhenywa kobuLelesi ? evidiyweni. 

Umsebenzi 5.9  
Imizuzu emi-5 

(Third ilustration as on the right hand side of page 14, chapter 5, English text) 

Umnqopho
Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kurhunyeza isifundwesi, nokuphendula yoke imibuzo engakaphendulwa. 

Amanothi Womethuli 
1. Ngemva kokubukela ividiyo, nikela isikhathi sokubonisana ngayo, bese wenza isirhunyezo salokho. 
        2.  Imibuzo ingaba lisizo ukudosa lelihlelo lokubonisana.


5.12	AMATHRANSPHARENSI  
  
           (Illustration as on top left of page 15, chapter 5, English text) 

* Isetjho Nomboro1:  Ilungelo Lokuziphilela Ipilwakho YaNgeqadi:  Sigaba 14 
* Isetjho Nomboro 2:  Isibawo Seencwadi Zokusetjha
* Isetjho Nomboro 3: Amanothi Ngeencwadi Zokusetjha
* Isetjho Nomboro 4: Amanothi Ngesetjho Nangokuthumba Ipahla 
* Umsebenzi 5.2 
* Umsebenzi 5.3 
* Umsebenzi 5.4 
* Umsebenzi 5.5 
* Umsebenzi 5.7 


 Umthombo Welwazi Nemitlolo Ekuphakanyiswa Bona Uyifunde


(Second illustration as on left hand side of page 15, chapter 5, English text) 

* Policing and Human Rights: Nel &  Bezuindenhout 
* Commentary on the Criminal Procedure Act: Du Toit et al. 
* Criminal Procedure Handbook: 3rd edition, Bekker et al. 

 (Top right illustration as on page 15, chapter 5, English text)

Amanothi





     
ILUNGELO LOKUZIPHILELA IPILWAKHO YANGEQADI    

ISigaba 14 somThethosisekelo: Ukuziphilela Ipilwakho Yangeqadi

14.  Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo lokuziphilela ipilwakhe yangeqadi, ekubalwa hlangana nalo nelungelo lokobana: 

(a). umuntu ngokwakhe namkha indawo ahlala kiyo ingasetjhwa;
(b). indawo yabo ingasetjhwa;
(c). ipahlabo ingathunjwa;  begodu 
(d). ilungelo labo lokuthintana nokukhulumisana nabakhulumisana nabo        
        ngeqadi lingaphulwa. 

                 Ithranspharensi: ISetjho: Namba 1 
     
                   (Illustration as on bottom of page 16, chapter 5, English text) 
 


                  IIMBAWO ZEENCWADI ZOKUSETJHA

Isibawo sencwadi yokusetjha kufuze bona sibe nemininingwana efungelweko etjengisa bona kunamabanga azwakalako enza kukholakale bona: 

* kunobulelesi obenziweko namkha obuseduze nokwenziwa;
* kunezinto ezithileko ezibalwako ekwenziweni kobulelesobo namkha obuhloswe ukwenziwa namkha ezingahle zibe bufakazi bokuthi kunobulelesi obenziweko;
* izintwezo ziphethwe mumuntu othileko namkha zisendaweni ethileko.

Incwadi yokusetjha izakunikela amandla wokusetjha umuntu othileko namkha iindawo ezithileko, kufunwa ipahla ethileko namkha izinto ezithileko. 

  
                         Ithranspharensi : ISetjho: Nomboro 2 
        (Illustration as on bottom of page 17, chapter 5, English text) 
             

  
                 AMANOTHI NGEENCWADI ZOKUSETJHA

* Incwadi yokusetjha ikhomba iindawo ezithileko ekufuze bona zisetjhwe.
* Incwadi yokusetjha ikhomba umuntu ekufuze asetjhwe (lapha-ke kungabalwa nanyana ngubani otholakala endaweni ekufuze isetjhwe).
* Incwadi yokusetjha isetjwenziswa emini (kusetjhwa emini), ngaphandle-ke kokuthi mhlamunye kutjhiwo ngenye indlela.
* Incwadi yokusetjha ihlala isebenza beyisetjenziswe namkha icinywe mumuntu oyikhuphileko namkha onamandla afanako naloyo oyikhuphileko.
* Ikhophi yencwadi yokusetjha kufuze bona inikelwe umuntu ilungelo lakhe elingahle lithinteke, ekuvamise bona kube mnikazi namkha umuntu ohlala endaweni la kuyokusetjhwa khona.
* Incwadi yokusetjha kufuze bona isetjenziswe kwaphela ngokulandela imibandela etjhiwo kiyo incwadi. 
* Incwadi yokusetjha isebenza kanye kwaphela. 

                Ithranspharensi: ISetjho: Nomboro 3   
             
             (Illlustration as on bottom of page 18, chapter 5, English text) 
               


      
    AMANOTHI NGOKUSETJHA NANGOKUTHUMBA IPAHLA 

* Setjha kwaphela eendaweni la kunokwenzeka khona bona zitholakale izinto ezifunekako.
* Isetjho kufuze lenziwe emini ngemva kokuphuma kwelanga, nangaphambi kokutjhinga kwelanga ngaphandle-ke kokuthi kutjhiwo ngenye indlela.
* Nikela umnikazi wendawo esetjhwako namkha ohlala kiyo ikhophi yencwadi yesetjho nakayifunako, ngemva kokusetjha indawo leyo. 
* Nokho-ke incwadi yokusetjha kufuze bona itjengiswe umuntu ohlala lapho namkha umnikazi wendawo esetjhwako leyo, ngaphambi kobana kuthonywe kusetjhwe, nakube umuntu walapho ukhona. 
* Kuyikambiso elungileko bona kusetjhwe umnikazindawo namkha umuntu ohlala endaweni leyo akhona naye.
* Kufuze kulingwe ngesikhathi soke bona ukuphulwa kwamalungelo womuntu ekusetjhwa indawakhe kube kuncancazana, ngokulawulwa bujamo bezinto.
* Amandla angasetjenziswa kwaphela nakube vele nakanjani kufuzile asetjenziswe. 

                      Ithranspharensi: ISetjho: Nomboro 4 

               (Illustration as on bottom page of page 19, chapter 5, English text) 



       
                                 UMSEBENZI   5.2

* Tlola iimbonelo zamalungelo angaqinteliswa ngesetjho nangokuthumba ipahla.
* Fundisisa indinyana yokuqintelisa ekhasini 6 lencwajana yokusebenzela bese uyahlola bona isetjho nokuthumba ipahla kungathathwa njengokuphulwa kwamalungelo womuntu okulungileko na. 

                       Ithranspharensi : Umsebenzi 5.2 

               (Illustration as on bottom page of page 20, chapter 5, English text)
  




                                    UMSEBENZI 5.3

* Ungayitholaphi incwadi yokusetjha?
* Ngiyiphi imininingwana ekufuze ibe sesibaweni sencwadi yokusetjha?
* Bonisanani ngalokho ekufuze kube sencwadini yokusetjha.
* Kufuze kusetjhwe nini? 
* Kufuzile na unikele umnikazindawo namkha umuntu ohlala endaweni esetjhwako incwadi yokusetjha? 

                             Ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 5.3 

            (Illustration as on bottom page of page 21, chapter 5, English text) 
 



                                    UMSEBENZI    5.4 

* Yini umphumela wokusetjha ngokungasimthetho? 

* Amakhotho ayabamukela / ayabuvuma na ubufakazi obutholakele ngesetjho elingekho emthethweni? 

                      Ithranspharensi : Umsebenzi 5.4 

              (Illustration as on bottom page of page 22, chapter 5, English text)




                                  UMSEBENZI  5.5 

* Ipholisa livumelekile na bona lingasetjha ngaphandle kwencwadi yokusetjha, nakube kunjalo likwenza nakwenzenjani lokho?

                         Ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 5.5  

            (Illustration as on bottom page of page 23, chapter 5, English text)





                                      UMSEBENZI  5.6

* Ipholisa eliduna lingamsetjha na umuntu wengubo? 


* Nakube akunapholisa lengubo, ipholisa eliduna kufuze lenzeni? 

           
                 Ithranspharensi  : Umsebenzi 5.6  


      (Illustration as on bottom page of page 24, chapter 5, English text) 


                              UMSEBENZI  5.7 

* Ipholisa lingawasebenzisa na amandla ukungena endaweni liyokusetjha? 


* Ipholisa lingawasebenzisa na amandla ukuthumba ipahla? 


                            Ithranspharensi : Umsebenzi  5.7  

           (Illustration as on bottom page of page 25, chapter 5, English text)  
 































                                      ISAHLUKO   7  


(SAPS emblem and an illustration as on the outer cover of chapter 7) 





        Amalungelo Wobuntu Nokuziphatha








              
             AMALUNGELO WOBUNTU NOKUZIPHATHA 

                                            7. 
                                      Umtlamo Wesifundo             
                                       7.1 
                                              Iminqopho 
                                                    7.2 
                                             Isingeniso 
                                                    7.3 
                           Ukuphulwa Kwamalungelo Wobuntu Nokuziphatha 
                                                    7.3.1 
            Ukubhalelwa Kwepholisa Kuhlonipha Amalungelo Wobuntu 
                                                     7.3.2 
           Kufuze Lenzeni Ipholisa Nalibona Elinye Ipholisa Liphula Amalungelo 
                                              Wobuntu?
                                                     7.3.3 
            IPhiko eliLalela IinLilo NgamaPholisa (i-ICD) Lenzani Lokhuya Elinye        
             Ipholisa Namkha Ilungu Lomphakathi Nalisa Isililo Ku-ICD? 
                                                     7.4 
                  Umthethokambiso Wokulungileko Nokuphathwa Kuhle
                               (Isenzo sezokuPhatha esiLungileko) 
                                                     7.5 
                                    Isirhunyezo / Imibuzo 
                                                     7.6 
                                      Amathranspharensi 
                                                   7.7 
                                      Iincwajana Zelwazi  
 
















                                  IMIZUZU EMA-60 
                             UMTLAMO WESIFUNDO


Okungaphakathi                  Ekufuze Kwenziwe                        Isikhathi
7.1 Iminqopho 
Umsebenzi 7.1 Funda iminqopho
       Imizuzu emi-2 
7.2 Isingeniso
Umsebenzi 7.2: Ividiyo, ukubonisana
       Imizuzu ema-20
7.3 Ukuphulwa Kwamalungelo Wobuntu Nokuziphatha
Umsebenzi 7.3: Ukubonisana Kwesiqhema
       Imizuzu ema-25 
7.3.1  Ukubhalelwa Kwepholisa Kuhlonipha Amalungelo Wobuntu 


7.3.2 Kufuze Lenzeni Ipholisa Nalibona Elinye Ipholisa Liphula Amalungelo Wobuntu?


7.3.3 IPhiko EliLalela IinLilo NgamaPholisa (i-ICD) Lenzani Lokhuya Elinye Ipholisa Namkha Ilungu Lomphakathi Nalisa Isililo Ku-ICD? 
Umsebenzi 7.4: Ukubonisana
          Imizuzu eli-10
7.4 Umthethokambiso Wokulungileko Nokuphathwa Kuhle (igadango lokuphathwa kuhle ngomthethobulungiswa)


7.5 Isirhunyezo / Imibuzo
  Umsebenzi 7.5: Imibuzo, ukubonisana 
          Imizuzu emi-3      
















7.1  IMINQOPHO  

Ngemva kokuqeda lesisahluko, abafundi kufuze bakghone ukwazi mokuhlathulula - kungenzekani (imiphumela yokwenza) lokhuya ipholisa naliphula amalungelo wobuntu; 
* bona ipholisa kufuze lenzeni lokhuya nalibona kuphulwa amalungelo wobuntu;
* umthethokambiso wokulungileko nokulingana (igadango lokuphathwa kuhle ngomthethobulungiswa ); kunye 
* nendima yePhiko lamaPholisa eliLalela iinLilo ngamaPholisa (i-ICD) ekuqinisekiseni ukuziphatha kuhle kwamapholisa ngokukhambisana nomThethosisekelo.  

Umsebenzi 7.1  

Imizuzu emi-2 

(Illustration as on top right of page 3. chapter 7, English text) 
Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo 
Indinyana 7.1 

Umnqopho  
Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kunikela iminqopho yesifundwesi. 

Amanothi Womethuli 
* Fundela abafundi iminqopho yomsebenzi lo.
* Babuze bona bayayizwisisa na iminqopho le. 
* Bahlathulule yona la kufuneka khona. 


7.2  ISINGENISO  

AmaLungelo wobuNtu ngewomuntu woke eSewula Afrika, ngitjho namapholisa imbala. Elinye nelinye ilungelo lobuntu likhambisana nokuziphendulela. Enye ingcenye yokuziphendulela kwawo woke amalungu webutho lamapholisa lakwa-SAPS, njengombana  liliphiko lomBuso nje, kuhlonipha nokuvikela isithunzi sobuntu kibo boke abantu kunye nokubabalela amalungelo wabo boke abantu. AmaPholisa athwele umsebenzi osibopho wokusebenzela umphakathi nokwenza umsebenzawo ngokuzihlonipha nangendlela ekusebenza ngayo abantu abawufundiselweko umsebenzi. 

    Umsebenzi 7.2  

(Second illustration as on page 3, chapter 7, English text) 

Imizuzu ema-20 

Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo
Indinyana 7.2  

Amanothi Womethuli  
1.  Bawa abafundi bona bafunde isigaba 7(2) somThethosisekelo, iNcwajana yokuSebenzela ikhasi 5 bese babonisane ngalokho okutjhiwo sigabesi. 
2.  Ngaphambi kobana udlale ividiyo, tjela abafundi bona babukele ividiyo le ngomkhumbulo wokuphulwa kwamalungelo wobuntu. Abacabange godu nangokuthi ukuphulwa kwamalungelo wobuntu la kuzakuthikameza njani ukuziphatha kwamapholisa nendima yabokhomanda bamapholisa wakwa-SAPS. 
3.  Badlalele ividiyo ?yokuZiphatha / Imithetho YamaPholisa NokuPhathwa Kwawo?. 
4.  Ngemva kokubukela ividiyo, babuze ngekade bakubukele, ngokusebenzisa indlela egegako, ubabuze ngamunye ngamunye bona bacabangani ngevidiyo ebebayibukele malungana namalungelo wobuntu nomsebenzi wobupholisa. 

   Izinto Ekufuze Uzisebenzise 

* Sebenzisa ithranspharensi: Ukuziphatha leNomboro 1. 
(3rd illustration as on bottom page of page 3, chapter 7, English text). 

Amalungelo: ISigaba 7(2) somThethosisekelo 

(2). UmBuso kufuze uhloniphe, uvikele, ukhuthaze bewuzalise amalungelo asehlelweni leRhelo lamaLungelo wobuNtu (i-Bill of Rights).


7.3  UKUPHULWA KWAMALUNGELO WOBUNTU NOKUZIPHATHA 

Ukukhandela ubulelesi ngepumelelo elizweni leSewula Afrika ngaphandle kokwephula amalungelo wobuntu kufuna ibutho lamapholisa elinemithetho emihle yokuziphatha. Ukuphulwa kwamalungelo wabantu mapholisa kuzakuhlala kuthathwa njengomlandu omumbi wokungaziphathi kuhle, ngalokho-ke kuzakuhlala kuphathwa ngesandla esiqine mbala. 

Iimbonelo zokwephulwa kwamalungelo wobuntu: 

* Ukubopha umuntu ngokungasimthetho;
* Ukuvalela umuntu ngokungasimthetho;
* Ukutlhorisa;
* Ukuphatha abantu ababotjhiweko ngesihluku
* Ukuphatha abantu abavalelweko ngesihluku;
* Ukukhahlumeza abantu abalethe iinLilo nokukhahlumeza abongazimbi bokuphathwa kumbi;
* Ukusetjha nokuthumba ipahla ngokungasimthetho;
* Ukusebenzisa amandla ngokweqileko;
* Ukuphenya ngeendlela ezingekho emthethweni;
* Nayikuthi ipholisa lazi namkha libona ukwephulwa kwamalungelo wobuntu begodu alenzi litho; 
* Ukurhobela isandla somthetho (ukufihla ubulelesi). 


7.3.1 Ukubhalelwa Kwepholisa Kuhlonipha Amalungelo Wobuntu Kungabanga Lokhu Okulandelako:  

* Ubufakazi obutholakele ngesibanga sokwephulwa kwamalungelo wobuntu bungatjhiywa, kanti-ke lokho kungabangela bona abantu abanemilandu bahlanjululwe.
* Ipholisa elibhalelwe kuhlonipha amalungelo wobuntu lizakuthathelwa amagadango wokukhalinywa. 
* Lizakuvulelwa umlandu ipholisa.
* Lingaqotjhwa khonokho ipholisa (qala isigaba 36)(1) somThetho wamaPholisa wakwa-SAPS: Nakube ligwetje ukuyokudosa ejele langavunyelwa ihlawulo). 
* UmBuso ungavulelwa umlandu wombango.
* Ukwemukwa kwelungelo lokujanyelwa mBuso (ukujanyelwa magqwetha womBuso) emlandwini wobulelesi (lokhu-ke kutjho bona ipholiselo kuzakufuneka bona lizibonisele bona lilithathaphi igqwetha, nokuthi lilithola njani, begodu kufuze bona lizibhadalele lona). 
* Ukwemukwa kwepholisa ilungelo lokujanyelwa mbuso emilandwini yombango (lokhu-ke kutjho bona ipholiselo kuzakufuneka bona lizibhadale zoke iindleko zomBuso: iindleko zomonakalo, neendleko zamagqwetha). 
* Ukuziphendulela emphakathini. 

Amapholisa weenkhundla eziphakemeko azakubekwa umlandu ngokwephulwa kwamalungelo wobuntu nakube amalungelo lawo ephulwa zisazi, namkha nakube bekufuzile zazile ngokwephulwa kwawo kodwana azange zenze litho ngalokho. 

AmaPholisa kufuze bona athole ukulitjalelwa ekutjhutjhisweni namkha ekuthathelweni amagadango wokukhalinywa nakale imilayo engekho emthethweni ebuya eenkhulwini ezongameleko. 

Ipholisa alikwazi ukuvika ngokuthi liphule amalungelo wobuntu bona batjho belisenza elikuthunywe sikhulu salo. 

7.3.2 Kufuze Lenzeni Ipholisa Nalibona Elinye Ipholisa Liphula Amalungelo Wobuntu? 

Ipholiselo kufuze:

* livimbe ipholisa elilibona liphula amalungelo, lilitjele bona elikwenzako akukalungi; namkha / begodu
* libike isenzweso kukhomanda walo namkha kesinye isikhulu samapholisa; namkha / begodu
* libike isenzweso esikhulwini esiphethe iindaba zokukhalinywa kwamapholisa; namkha / begodu
* libikele iPhiko eliLalela iinLilo ngamaPholisaa ( i-ICD ); namkha / begodu
*  libikele iKomitjhini yamaLungelo wobuNtu, namkha / begodu libikele umVikeli womPhakathi ngesenzweso. 

(Nayikuthi ukwephulwa kwelungelo lobuntu ngalendlela kubuye godu kube mlandu wobulelesi, kufuze kuvulwe idokhethi yomlandu loyo). 



Ukwephulwa Kwamalungelo Wobuntu Kungahle Kubangele Ukuthathwa Kwamagadango Wokukhalima 

* Iphenyo lokukhalinywa kufuze bona libe msinyana, liphenyisise, begodu lingathathi ihlangothi. (Akunasidingo sokobana kulindelwe ukuqedwa kwephenyo lemilandu yobulelesi). 
* Iphenyo la kufuze bona lifune ukuthola abongazimbi bona bobani, lithole belibulunge ubufakazi, lithole abofakazi, lithole unobangela wokwenziwa komlandu, lithole nokuthi lenziwe njani umlandu, kuphi, nini, bese kutholakala nabenzi bomlandu loyo bese bayabotjhwa. 
* Indawo la kwenzeke khona umlandu kufuze bona iphathwe ngokutjheja nangokuyelela. 

(Illustration as on top right of page 5, chapter 7, English text) 

Amanothi  






 (Second illustration as on bottom of page 5, chapter 7, English text) 

Okuqakathekileko 

Iinomboro zomtato ze-ICD:  ( 012) 320-0431





7.3.3   IPhiko Elilalela IinLilo NgamaPholisa (I-ICD) Lenzani Lokhuya Elinye Ipholisa Namkha Ilungu Lomphakathi Nalisa Isililo Ku-ICD? 

I-ICD ingaphenya ngesililo, khulu khulu nakube sililo esiphathelene nokufa komuntu asekuvalelweni, afa ngesibanga sesenzo samapholisa. I-ICD ingathumela isililweso emapholiseni kobanyana aphenye ngaso, bese yona-ke ibeka ilihlo bona kuphenywa njani. Ekupheleni kwephenyo, i-ICD ingenza iimphakamiso zokuthi ipholisa igama lalo elibalwako esililweneso lingavulelwa umlandu wobulelesi namkha lingathathelwa amagadango wokukhalinywa na. 


Iinhloso Ze-ICD 

Kukwakha ithemba lomphakathi emsebenzi wamaPholisa wakwa-SAPS nangomsebenzi we-ICD wokuqalana nokungaziphathi kuhle: 
* ngokunikela umphakathi ngendlela nethuba lokuba nesandla ekuphathweni kweenlilo;
* ngokuphambukisa iinsolo ezingekho ngamapholisa;
* ngokuhlukanisa amapholisa aphikelele ngokona ngaphakathi kwebutho lakwa-SAPS;
* ngokufakazela ukuthembeka kwamapholisa emizameni yawo yokulinga ukutjhugulula umsebenzi wamapholisa ngendlela  yokuthi umphakathi uzowahlonipha amapholisa, uhloniphe nomsebenzawo; begodu 
* nangokulekelela ekuletheni amatjhuguluko kwa-SAPS ngendlela yokuthi 
i-SAPS izokuba liphiko elifanele ukuhlonitjhwa mphakathi, befuthi nangambala eliyitholako ihlonipho leyo emphakathini, ekukhandeleni nekulweni nobulelesi. 

Ukukhandela ukuziphatha kwamapholisa ngendlela engakalungi: 

* ngokucozulula iinLilo ukuthola imiraro ezibuyelelako emsebenzini wamapholisa, nokuthola ikambiso elandelwako khona kunye nokuthola indlela yokwelusa indlela ekusetjenzwa ngayo;
* ngokuyelelisa amapholisa kusese nesikhathi ngemiraro eyenzeka ngokuhleleka namkha ngamapholisa agangako; 
* ngokunikela intatha engasetjenziselwa ukucitha lokho okubange bona bekube nesililo;
* ngokusebenza ngeenlilo ezenziwe ngamapholisa ngendlela elungileko neqalelela amahlangothi woke ngaphandle kokukhetha.  


(Table as on the bottom of page 6, chapter 7, English text)

Yini okwethusa khulu khulu ngevidiyo ye-BBC ngamapholisa wakwa-SAP ngesihluku sawo phezu kwabasolwa ababanjiweko?
a. Ukurarha umsolwa onganabuyo ehloko
(insert illustration) 
b. Kusasazelwa umsolwa obotjhwe izandla ngenja
(insert illustration) 
c.  Kuqoqodwa umsolwa olimeleko ngesidunu sesigidi    (insert illustration) 
d. Kucinyelwa isegerede phezu kwehloko yomsolwa
(insert illustration) 
?namkha kukuthi umphakathi weSewula Afrika uyayithokozela into enje?  
(insert illustration)      

       zapiro              




Umsebenzi 7.3  

Imizuzu ema-25 

(Illustration as on top right of page 4, chapter 7, English text) 
 
Indima Ekuqalwe 
Indinyana 7.3 

Umnqopho 
Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kukwenza amapholisa acabange ngokuphulwa kwamalungelo wobuntu mapholisa, nokubonisana ngemiphumela yokuphulwa kwamalungelo lawo. 

1. Isingeniso:  Umzuzu mu-1 
2. Ukubonisana Kweenqhema:  i-10 lemizuzu
3. Umbiko obuyisakwo: i-10 lemizuzu 
4. Ukubonisana nje ngalokhuya nangalokhuya:  imizuzu emi-4 

Amanothi Womethuli 

1. Hlukanisa abafundi ngeenqhema ezingadluliko ebantwini aba-5. 
2. Batjengise ithranspharensi: UkuziPhatha Nomboro 1: Ukwephulwa Kwamalungelo Wobuntu.
3. Bawa esinye nesinye isiqhema bona senze lokhu okulandelako: (Sebenzisa ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 7.3) 
* Tlola lokho ekufuze kwenziwe lipholisa nalibona kwephulwa ilungelo lobuntu.
* Tlola izinto ezingenzeka ipholisa nalephula amalungelo wobuntu.
4. Bawa esinye nesinye isiqhema bona senze isibonelo sinye ngalokho ekufuze kwenziwe lipholisa. Bawa iinqhema zoke beziphelele. Buyelela godu ukhambe ngayo ikambiso leyo sewufuna iimbonelo zemiphumela yepholisa eliphula amalungelo wobuntu kwanjesi.
5. Bawa omunye wabafundi ukutlola phasi lokhu efliptjhatini namkha ebhodini. 
6. Vala ikulumakho ngokubonisana kwalokhuya nalokhuya. 
7. Yenza isirhunyezo. 

Izinto Ekufuze Uzisebenzise Nawenza Isirhunyezo 

* Ithranspharensi:  Ukuziphatha Nomboro 1. 
* Ithranspharensi:  Ukuziphatha Nomboro 2. 
7.4 UMTHETHOKAMBISO WOKULUNGILEKO NOKUPHATHWA KUHLE 
(Isenzo sezokuphatha esilungileko)
(NGEKOMTHWASISI) 

Nakuphenywa ngokwephulwa kwamalungelo wobuntu, iphenyo kufuze lenziwe msinyana, lenziwe kuhle, lenzisiswe, begodu lenziwe ngaphandle kokukhetha. Lokhu-ke kusisekelo sesenzo sezokuphatha esilungileko. 


Isenzo sezokuphatha esilungileko (iTjhejuli 6, I-Ayithemu 23(2)(b) yomThethosisekelo. 

Isigaba 33(1)) no (2) kufuze zithathwe ngokuthi zifundeka ngendlela elandelako: 
?Omunye nomunye umuntu unelungelo: 
(a). lokwenzelwa isenzo sezokuphatha esisemthethweni lapho elinye lamalungelwakhe namkha ikareko yakhe iyathinteka namkha isengozini; 
(b). lokwenzelwa isenzo sekambiso yezokuphatha okulungileko lapho elinye lamalungelwakhe aphulwe khona namkha nakube lokho akulindele ngokufanelekileko kuyathinteka namkha kulengela engozini;  
(c ).  lokunikelwa amabanga atlolwe phasi ngesenzo sezokuphatha esithinta elinye lamalungelwakhe namkha ikareko yakhe ngaphandle kwalokha amabanga wesenzweso azisiwe;  
(d). lokuthola isenzo sezokuphatha esifaneleko nasiqala ibanga elinikelwe ngesenzweso lapho elinye lamalungelwakhe lithinteka namkha lisengozini khona.? 


Ukulunga Okunamandla Ngokubonakalako 

Lokhu-ke kutjho bona kufanele kube nebanga elizwakalako nelihle lesenzo sezokuphatha esizakuthathwa (isibonelo, ukujamisa, amagadango wokukhalima, ukudlulisa, ukuphakanyiselwa esikhundleni somsebenzi esiphezulu, njll.). 

Ukulunga Ngokwekambiso 

Lokhu-ke kutjho bona woke amagadango wezokuphatha kufanele kube ngalungileko ngokwekambiso. Lokhu kutjho bona imithetho yobulungiswa bemvelo kufuze bona ihlonitjhwe. Imithetho leyo-ke ngile:   

* I-Audi alteram partem  (izwa nehlangothi elinye):
 
      Lokhu-ke kutjho bona ipholisa kufuze:  

* linikelwe woke amaphuzu wokuzindlekela nawokucatjangelwa;
* linikelwe isikhathi esaneleko sokubeka yalo indaba nelalo ihlangothi;
* linikele ithuba lokubeka yalo indaba.
* laziswe ngokupheleleko ngamabanga wegadango lomthethobulungiswa elithathelwa lona (igadango lokulikhalima ipholiselo);

* Nemo judex in sua causa (akunamuntu  ongazehlulela / akunamuntu ongaba lijaji emlandwini wakhe  ngokwakhe) 

Lokhu-ke kutjho bona loyo othunywe ukwengamela umsebenzi abe lilihlo lawo kufuze bona asebenze: 
* ngokuqalelela izinto mahlangothi woke;
* ngokuthembeka; kunye 
* nangaphandle kokukhetha nokutjhigamela ngancanye.    


Umsebenzi 7.4   

(Illustration as on top right, page 6, chapter 7, English text) 

Imizuzu eli-10 

Indima Ekuqalwe Kiyo 
Indinyana 7.3.3 

Umnqopho 
Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kukwenza amapholisa acabange ngendima 
ye-ICD ekuqinisekiseni bona amapholisa ayawaphumelelisa amalungelo wobuntu. 

Amanothi Womethuli 
1. Nikela omunye nomunye umfundi ikhophi yencwajana yelwazi nge-ICD. 
2. Bawa abafundi bona baphendule imibuzo elandelako nasi: 
(Sebenzisa ithranpharensi: Umsebenzi 7.4) 
* Yini indima ye-ICD kwa-SAPS 
* Kungani?
3. Qedelela ngezinto zoke, lokhuya nalokhuya. 
4. Yenza isirhunyezo 

Izinto Ekufuze  Uzisebenzise Nawenza Isirhunyezo 

* Incwajana Yelwazi nge-ICD. 



7.5 ISIRHUNYEZO / IMIBUZO  

(1st Illustration as on the left hand side of page 8, Chapter 7, English text) 

* Kungani ukuziphatha kuqakathekile kwa-SAPS?
* Ukuthwasiswa kungaba yingcenye yamagadango athathelwa ukulungisa umraro wokuphulwa kwamalungelo wobuntu na? 
* Akhe utjho eminye imihlobo namkha ezinye iindlela zokwephulwa kwamalungelo wobuntu kwa-SAPS ozaziko. 
* Ipholisa kufuze lenzeni nalibona omunye aphula amalungelo wobuntu?
* Kungenzekani epholiseni eliphula amalungelo wobuntu? 


7.6 AMATHRANSPHARENSI   

   (2nd illustration as on right hand side of page 8, Chapter 7, English text). 

* Iimbonelo zokuphulwa kwamalungelo wobuntu:  Ukuziphatha Namba 1. 
* Ukubhalelwa kuhlonipha amalungelo wobuntu kungabanga lokhu okulandelako: Ukuziphatha Namba 2. 
* Umsebenzi 7.3 
* IPhiko eliLalela iinLilo ngamaPholisa - i-ICD.: 

            
7.7	IINCWAJANA ZELWAZI 

* Incwajana Yelwazi 7.1  

        (3rd Illustration as on the right hand side of page 8, chapter 7, English text) 

         (Top right illustration as on page 8, chapter 7, English text). 

Amanothi 







Umsebenzi 7.4  
Imizuzu emi-5 

Umnqopho 
Umnqopho womsebenzi lo kurhunyeza isifundwesi, nokuphendula nanyana ngimiphi imibuzo eseleko. 

Amanothi Womethuli 
Imibuzo le ingasiza ukukhambisa isifundwesi, isize nokuveza bona ngiziphi iindaba ezisaleleko kwangakhulunywa ngazo. 

AMALUNGELO WOBUNTU NOBUPHOLISA: UMGADANGISO WOKUTHOMA KA-1999
IIMBONELO ZOKWEPHULWA KWAMALUNGELO WOBUNTU 

* Ukubopha umuntu ngokungasimthetho
* Ukubamba /ukuvalela umuntu ngokungasimthetho
* Ukutlhorisa;
* Ukuphatha abantu ababotjhiweko nabavalelweko ngesihluku
* Ukukhahlumeza abantu abalethe iinLilo nokukhahlumeza abongazimbi bokuphathwa kumbi;
* Ukusetjha ngokungasimthetho nokubamba ipahla ngokunagsimthetho;
* Ukusebenzisa amandla ngokweqileko;
* Ukuphenya ngeendlela ezingekho emthethweni;
* Ukuliselela kwepholisa ukuphulwa kwamalungelo wabantu lingenzi litho ngalokho;
* Ukurhobela isandla somthetho (ukufihla umlandu). 


                   Ithranspharensi: Ukuziphatha Nomboro 1

                      (Illustration as on bottom of page 9, chapter 7, English text)





 Ukubhalelwa Kwepholisa Kuhlonipha Amalungelo Wobuntu Kungabanga Lokhu Okulandelako:  

* Ubufakazi obutholakele ngesibanga sokwephula kwamalungelo wobuntu angeze bamukelwa, kanti-ke lokho kungabangela bona abantu abanemilandu bahlanjululwe.
* Amagadango wokukhalinywa. 
* Lizakuvulelwa umlandu ipholisa.
* Lingaqotjhwa khonokho ipholisa (qala isigaba 36)(1) somThetho wamaPholisa wakwa-SAPS: 
* UmBuso ungavulelwa umlandu wombango.
* Ukwemukwa kwelungelo lokujanyelwa mBuso (ukujanyelwa magqwetha womBuso) emlandwini wobulelesi. 
* Ukwemukwa kwepholisa ilungelo lokujanyelwa mbuso emilandwini yemibango. 
* Ukuziphendulela emphakathini. 


         Ithranspharensi  : Ukuziphatha Nomboro 2  

        (Illustration as on bottom page of page 10, chapter 7, English text)










                                 UMSEBENZI   7.3

  
* Ipholisa kufuze lenzeni nalibona kwephulwa amalungelo wobuntu? 
* Kungenzekani nange ipholisa lingephulela umuntu amalungelo wobuntu?


                            Ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi  7.3  

            (Illustration as bottom page of page 11, chapter 7, English text)



(Illustration as on bottom of page 13, chapter 7, English text)

                             UMSEBENZI    7.4  


* Yini indima ye-ICD kwa-SAPS? 


* Kubayini? 

                                        Ithranspharensi: Umsebenzi 7.4  

       (Illustration as on bottom of page 12, chapter 7, English text)











Incwajana Yelwazi:  IPhiko eliLalela IinLilo ngamaPholisa ? i-ICD 

IPhiko eliLalela iinLilo ngamaPholisa (i-ICD) yihlangano yomthetho elawulwa zizakhamuzi, eyasungulwa ngokweSigaba 222 somThethosisekelo wesiKhatjhana (umThetho wenomboro 2000 ka-1993) neSahluko 10 somThetho wamaPholisa weSewula Afrika  (umThetho wenomboro 68 ka-1995). 

 
UMNQOPHO
Kuphuhlisa nokukhuthaza ukuziphatha okuhle emapholiseni.

IKGHONAKALISO YOMNQOPHO 
Umsebenzi otjhugululiweko wakwa-SAPS, ngokukhambaisana nommoya nomnqopho womThethosisekelo. 

IINHLOSO  ZE-ICD 
Kukwakha ithemba lomphakathi emizameni ye-SAPS neye-ICD yokuqalana nokungaziphathi kuhle: 
* Ngokuveza indlela evulela izakhamuzi ukuba nelizwi ekuqalaneni neenlilo.
* Ngokuphambukisa iinsolo ezingekho/ezinganasisekelo ngamapholia. 
* Ukukhuphela ngeqadi amalungu wamaPholisa aphikelele ngokona, ahlukane ne-SAPS.
* Ngokufakazela ukuthembeka kwamapholisa emizameni yawo yokutjhugulula umsebenzawo abe ahlonitjhwe mphakathi. 
* Ngokulekelela ukutjhugulula umsebenzi wamaPholisa ube yihlangano efanele nethola ukuhlonitjhwa, beyisekelwe mphakathi ekukhandeleni nekucitheni ubulelesi. 

Ukukhandela Ukuziphatha KwamaPholisa Ngendlela Engakalungi: 


* Ngokucozulula iinLilo ukuthola imiraro ezibuyelelako emsebenzini wamapholisa, emikghweni yawo nekongameleni;
* ngokuyelelisa amapholisa kusese nesikhathi ngemiraro eyenzeka ngokuhleleka namkha ngamapholisa agangako; 
* ngokunikela isiyeleliso esitholakele ngokwenza irhubhululo lokurarululwa kwemiraro eletha iinghonghoyilo;
* ukuqalana neenlilo zamapholisa ngendlela elungileko neqalelela amahlangothi woke ngaphandle kokukhetha.  


NGIZIPHI IINLILO EZITJHEJWA YI-ICD 

I-ICD iqala ibe isebenze ngeenlilo namkha  izwangombana tjho:

* Emalungana nokufela komuntu ekuvalelwenii namkha ngesibanga sesenzo samapholisa. 
* Emalungana nokuba nesandla kwamapholisa ebulelesini njengokudlelezela, ukweba, nokulimaza abantu ngokubabetha.
* Emalungana nokuziphatha kwamaPholisa okwalelwe miThetjhwana yebuPholiseni 
  njengokuliselela umsebenzi nje, namkha ukubhalelwa kukhambisana neRhelo lokuziPhatha kwamaPholisa. 

IKAMBISO YOKUSEBENZA NGEENLILO KU-ICD
Nanyana i-ICD ilinga ukuphenya yoke imilandu nokungaziphathi kuhle ekuzwakala bona kwenziwe amaPholisa wakwa-SAPS, umThetho omalungana nalokhu uyayivumela i-ICD bona eminye imilandu idluliselwe kwa-SAPS kobanyana iyokuphenywa khona. Malungana nemilandu leyo ethunyelwa ukuyokuphenywa yi-SAPS, i-ICD ingabeka ilihlo iqale bona likhamba njani iphenyo ngemilandu leyo. Laphokhunye i-ICD ibeka ilihlo ephenyweni ngokubeka imihlahlandela okufuze ilandelwe ephenywenelo. 

UNgqongqotjhe wezokuPhepha nokuVikeleka unikele abaphenyi abathileko be-ICD amandla wokwenza nomsebenzi wobuPholisa, kobanyana abaphenyi be-ICD bazokukghona ukwenza umsebenzabo ngcono khulu. Labo-ke abaphenyi be-ICD bakhonjwe mNqophisi oPhetheko. 

ISIBOPHO SE-ICD 
I-ICD ayikanqophi ukunyaza umsebenzi ofanelekileko wamapholisa. I-ICD izibophelele ekusizeni amapholisa ngomsebenzi wetjhuguluko newokuqinisa ituthuko nokusebenzisana ne-SAPS. 


Incwajana Yelwazi:  IPhiko eliLalela iinLilo ngamaPholisa ? i-ICD. 

               





 



1
AMALUNGELO WOBUNTU NOBUPHOLISA: UMGADANGISO WOKUTHOMA KA-1999

