Cultivation (Maize) (410 words)							IsiXhosa
Lixesha lokuqwalasela ukugangatheka komhlaba
Imiyalelo:
Folio strap: Ukongeza ixabiso
Byline: Eli nqaku linikelwe ngumlimi othathe umhlala-phantsi
Kufumaneke imvula engama-600 mm ukuya kuma-2 000 mm kwiingingqi zemveliso yombona yasehlotyeni kanti kwezinye iziganeko kufunyenwe imvula engama-50 mm ukuya kuma-75 mm ngosuku kwimidyudyuzo yamafu. Obu bunzima bukhulu kangaka bamanzi ngehektare nganye kwisithuba sexesha elifutshane bunokuba nesiphumo sesimo somhlaba sokugangatheka nokuxinaniseka. 
Ziya kubangela imihlaba egangatheke ngaphezu kwesiqhelo iimpembelelo ezongezwa bubunzima bezixhobo, iitrektara neenqwelo ezirhuqwayo ezinzima kunye nokucinezela kwamavili ngethuba lenkqubo yokuvuna phantsi kweemeko ezifumaneke kulo nyaka zomhlaba oxineneyo.
Iinkomo ezityiswa intsalela yesityalo emasimini ombona nazo ziyawugangatha umhlaba phantsi kweemeko ezimanzi kakhulu okanye xa umhlaba uxinene nkxi ngenxa yamanzi. Kwiziganeko ezibalasele kakhulu zamasimi axinene ntli, ukukrazula umhlaba nje phambi kokutyala okanye ngexesha lokutyala kusenokuba kuphela kwendlela enokusetyenziswa ukuze kutyalwe izityalo kuselithuba.
Ubusika obubanda ngokugqithisileyo kunye nemvula kwezinye iindawo nabo bube negalelo kukoma okucothayo phantsi kweemeko zomhlaba ezixinene nkxi ngamanzi. Bubulumko ukuhlalutya izimo zomhlaba emasimini ekuza kutyalwa kuwo njengamasimi ombona kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikrazulayo neziwenza ukhululeke umhlaba ongaphantsi kweemaleko ezigangathekileyo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba kwakhona, lo msebenzi, uya kufaka umoya emhlabeni. Iintsholongwane zebhaktiriya kunye nezidalwanana zomhlaba zikwazi ukuphila ngenene kuphela phantsi kweemeko ezinomoya kumphezulu womhlaba wobunzulu be-150 mm ukuya kwi-180 mm. 
Amagama athi ‘phantsi kweemeko ezinomoya’ abhekiselele kubukho bomoya, kubandakanywa i-oksijini (umongo-moya), inayitrojini kunye neegesi ze-kharbhon dayoksayidi (carbon dioxide – isile) emhlabeni okhululekileyo nakwiindawo ezinamanzi. Umsebenzi wokukrazula umhlaba ubalulekile ukuze iibhaktiriya zifakelwe amandla okuqhekeza iintsalela zesityalo sethuba langaphambili phambi kokutyalwa kwesityalo esitsha. Le nkqubo yeebhaktiriya iya kuqalisa njengoko amaqondo obushushu esiya ngokunyuka ukususela kwiveki yokugqibela kuAgasti, ukudlula kuSeptemba ukuya kuOktobha. 
Kucetyiswa kangangoko ukuba umsebenzi wokukrazula umhlaba wenziwe kwangoko kangangoko kunokwenzeka emva kokuba imihlaba ifikelele kwisakhono sokufuma kwentsimi. Umsebenzi owenziwe ngaphaya kwesakhono sentsimi uya kukholisa ukubangela ukugangatheka okuthe chatha kunokuba kunciphe. Kuya kufuneka ukuba umlimi alungelelanise izixhobo zokusebenza ngokwendlela asebenza ngayo xa eyilandela imigaqo yokulawula ingxinano okanye izenzo zokuphethula umhlaba kancinane kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Ukulondolozwa kakuhle kwezixhobo zokutyala nokwenziwa kolungelelaniso loomatshini okufunekayo okungekagqitywa kufuneka kwenziwe isaqala inyanga kaOktobha..
