Okusetyenziselwa ukungatshabalalisi
UmThetho ubeka ilungelo lomntu wonke lokuba nofikelelo olufanelekileyo kumahlathi kaRhulumente ngeenjongo ezine zokusebenzisela ukungatshabalalisi: imfundo, ulonwabo, okwenkcubeko kunye nokomoya. Oku kuchasa imithetho nemimiselo yamahlathi yangaphambili evumela indlela "yezohlwayo kunye namacingo emahlathini".
UmThetho oliNganisayo
UmThetho weSizwe wamaHlathi, 1998
Ukusetyenziswa
Ukwenza kungqinelane ukhuselo lwamahlathi ekusetyenzisweni okuzinzileyo, umThetho weSizwe wamaHlathi ulawula uluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa, okokuqala kwamahlathi kaRhulumente, okokuqala ekusetyenziselweni ulonwabo ukuya ekusetyenziselweni urhwebo kunye nokwaziwa kwamahlathi luluntu.
Ukhuselo
Ihlathi likarhulumente linokhuselo olukhethekile -
Kufuneka konke ukusetyenziswa kugunyaziswe
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwemithi kuwo onke amahlathi endalo
Ngaphandle kwemvume kuyathintelwa
Amanye amahlathi kunye nemihlaba yamahlathi inokubhengezwa njengeendawo ezikhuselwe ngokukhethekileyo
Umthi, iqela lemithi, umhlaba onemithi okanye
UMphathiswa unokungenelela ngokukhawuleza
Ukuthintela ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kunye nokulungisa
Iindawo ezisuswe imithi ngokubhengeza imimandla yamahlathi elawulwayo
Utshintsho lwezopolitiko olugqubayo eMzantsi Afrika
Ukusukela ngo-1994 lwakhokelela kwimithetho emitsha yamahlathi
Unyulo: Ngo-1994, Unyulo lwedemokhrasi lwaseMzantsi Afrika lwazisa urhulumente omtsha kumagunya.
Ipolisi yenkqubo-sikhokelo: IPhepha loGayo ziMvo
NgoMatshi ka-1995 inkomfa kazwelonke yaveza iPhepha loGayo ziMvo, elisetyenziswa ekudibaneni okungaphaya kunye nabathelelani.
Uxwebhu lwepolisi olusemthethweni: IPhepha leNgcaciso Nkqubo iPhepha loGayo ziMvo lenza isiseko soxwebhu lwepolisi esemthethweni epapashiweyo ngoSeptemba ka-1997, iPhepha leNgcaciso Nkqubo. Oku kusetyenziswa ukuqulunqa umThetho weSizwe wamaHlathi.
UmThetho weSizwe wamaHlathi
Ukuphumeza
UMgaqo-siseko woMzantsi Afrika uqinisekisa amalungelop okusingqongileyo
Icandelo lama-24 lifundeka ngolu hlobo, "Wonke umntu unelungelo lokuba okusingqongileyo kukhuseleke, ukuze kuncedeke izizukulwana zangoku kunye nezexa elizayo, ngowiso-mthetho olufanelekileyo kunye neminye imiqathango ephakamisa ulondolozo kunye nophuhliso olukhuselekileyo noluzinzileyo ekufundweni ngezinto eziphilileyo kunye nendawo eziphila kuyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo zendalo ngexa kuphakanyiswa ezoqoqosho ezinobulungisa kunye nophuhliso lwentlalo." Ngokungqinelana noku, icandelo lesi-3 lomThetho weSizwe wamaHlathi libeke imithetho-siseko ekufuneka ukuba isetyenziswe xa kusenziwa nasiphi na isigqibo esiphathelene namahlathi:
Amahlathi endalo kufuneka angatshatyalaliswa ngaphandle kwakwiimeko ezikhethekileyo apho, ngokwezimvo zoMphathiswa, umhlaba omtsha ocetyiweyo uyakhethwa ngokoncedo lwawo kwezoqoqosho, kwintlalo okanye kokusingqongileyo
Ubuncinane bommandla ohlobo ngalunye lomhlaba wamahlathi kufuneka lulondolozwe
Onke amahlathi (awendalo amahlathi atyaliweyo nemihlaba) kufuneka aphuhliswe kwaye alawulwe ukuze -
alondoloze iyantlukwano yebhayoloji, izinto eziphilayo nendawo eziphila kuyo kunye neendawo zokluhlala;
ukugcina amalungelo awo ezoqoqosho, entlalo kunye nokusingqongileyo;
ukuphakamisa ulwabiwo olufanelekileyo loqoqosho, intlalo, impilo kunye nokusingqongileyo kwawo;
ukuphakamisa impilo yabo kunye nokomelela;
ukulondoloza izibonelelo zendalo, ingakumbi umhlaba namanzi;
ukulondoloza izibonelelo zamafa kunye nokuphakamisa ubuhle, inkcubeko kunye neenqobo ezisemgangathweni zomoya;kunye nokwenza kuqhubele phambili abantu okanye amacandelo abantu abehlelwe lucalulo olungalunganga icandelo 33].
Ulawulo oluzinzileyo lwamahlathi luthetha
Ukusetyenziswa ngokulinganayo kunye nokukhuselwa kwamahlathi
UmThetho unika ngokukhethekileyo imithetho-siseko yolawulo oluzinzileyo lwamahlathi,
Engena kuzo zonke izigqibo ezisemthethweni ezichaphazela amahlathi, nokuba kungokwemiqathango yomThetho wamaHlathi okanye nawuphi na omnye umthetho. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kwamahlathi kufuneka kulingane nokukhuselwa kwamahlathi kunye nemithi. Abaphathi bamahlathi kunye namaGosa eHlathi (aqeshwe yi-DWAF kunye neminye imibutho efana namaqumrhu olondolozo ndalo) kufuneka enze ukuba oku kulingana kusebenze, neendlela kunye neenkqubo.
Ukusebenzisela ukutshabalalisa
Ilungelo lokuphatha, ukusebenzisa, ukulawula kunye nokuqhutywa kwehlathi likaRhulumente kunye nemveliso kulo kusezandleni zoMphathiswa weMicimbi yaManzi namahlathi. Koko, ngokungqinelana neemfuno ezichaziweyo kuMtgaqo-siseko, unokugunyazisa ukusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezininzi ezibekiweyo kumThetho: iimvume, okukhutshelwa ngaphandle (jonga ibhokisi), ukufaka phantsi kolawulo, iingqesho, izivumelwano kunye neziVumelwano zokwazi ngamaHlathi zoluNtu.
Imvume
Ivumela umsebenzi okhethekileyo ofana nokuzingela, ukugawulwa kwemithi yamaplanga okanye ukulima.
Ikhutshwa ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile. Umzekelo, apho ukutyisa imfuyo kuvumelekileyo, linani elithile leenkomo kuphela elivumelekileyo.
kufuneka ihlawulelwe ngokweentlawulo ezibekiweyo.
Okukhutshelwa ngaphandle phantsi kwecandelo lama-24
Umthetho uyakuqonda ukuxhomekeka kwabantu basezilalini kwizibonelelo zamahlathini kwaye uzama ukuphakamisa uthabatho nxaxheba olukhulu kwimiba yonke yokwazi ngamahlathi ngabantu ababenziwe bahleleleka ngaphambili lucalu-calulo. UMphathsiwa usebenzise icandelo lama-24 ukukhuphela ngaphandle amalungu oluntu akufutshane namahlathi kaRhulumente ekubeni afumane iimvume zokutheza iinkune kunye neemveliso zehlathi ezifana nobusi, iziqhamo, ingca yokofulela kunye namayeza okunyanga asetyenziselwa okwasekhaya, inkcubeko, iinjongo zempilo kunye nezomoya. Intlawulo ayifunwa.
Jonga ibhokisi ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
Ilungelo elisisigxina kwihlathi likaRhulumente, elifana nokufaka ucingo lombane okanye ukumisa ipali kanomathotholo.
Isivumelwano
UMphathiswa angavuma ukuthengisa imveliso yehlathi (umzekelo) okanye iimveliso (umzekelo amaplanga asarhiweyo) kulo naliphi na ihlathi likaRhulumente kuye nawuphi na umntu.
Isivumelwano sezamaHlathi soluNtu
Uluntu lunokungena kwisivumelwano noMphathiswa ukuze lulawule okanye lincedise ekulawuleni ihlathi likaRhulumente.
iNgqesho uMphathiswa usenokuliqeshisa ihlathi likaRhulumente okanye inxenye yalo kuye nawuphi na umntu.
Konke ukugawulwa kwemithi kumahlathi kaRhulumente
Kufuneka kugunyaziswe nguMphathiswa
UMoya weNkcubeko
Ababhali
Imibulelo:
Okukhutshelwa ngaphandle ekufumaneni imvume kuluntu lwamahlathi kaRhulumente angabamelwane
UmThetho woMzantsi Afrika wokuLinganisa
UmThetho weSizwe woMzantsi Afrika, oyinombolo yama-84 ka-1998
Ukulinganisa ukusetyenziswa kunye nokukhuselwa kwamahlathi oMzantsi Afrika
Iinkqubo kunye nemithetho emitsha eMzantsi Afrika ikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kwezibonelelo zehlathi
Isicatshulwa:
Le posta icacisa ukuba umThetho weSizwe wamaHlathi oyinombolo yama-84 ka-1998, ujoise kanjani ukulinganisa ukusetyenziswa kunye nokukhuselwa kwamahlathi oMzantsi Afrika, ngolawulo oluzinzileyo lwamahlathi. Ulawulo lwentando yesininzi eMzantsi Afrika kuye kwafaka ifuthe ekuphuhlisweni kwemithetho emitsha yaamhlathi kunye neendlela zokulawula. Ngo-1994, uMzantsi Afrika waphuma kwixesha lolawulo ligcuntswana labamhlophe phantsi kocalulo kunye nenkqubo enzima yokuwenza ukuba ubengowolawulo lwentando yesininzi kwaye utshintsho lwachaphazela ezamahlathi, amalungelo isininzi sabamnyama abathe sasiwavinjiwe ngaphambile. Imithetho emitsha yamahlathi izamile ukunika abantu ufikelelo emahlathini ngexa iphakamisa ukusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo kunye nophuhliso lwezoqoqosho. Isiseko somThetho weSizwe wamaHlathi, esibeka imithetho-siseko elithoba echazayo kufuneka sithathelwe ingqalelo kuko nakuphina ukwenziwa kwesigqibo esiphathelene namahlathi. Ekusetyenzisweni kwale mithetho-siseko njengesikhokelo, uwiso-mtehtho luyilwe ngendlela ephakamisa ukusetyenziswa okuzinzileyo, ulawulo olunentsebenziswano kunye nokuthabatha inxaxheba kwabathelelani. Amaziko amacandelo karhulumente kumgangatho wengingqi, koko, angatshintshanga ngezinga elifanayo njengezopolitiko: okwangoku umceli mngeni kukuphumeza inkqubo ecingela phambili kunye nowiso-mthetho kulo mgangatho wengingqi.
Iinkuni zokubasa kunye nemveliso yehlathi kufuneka iphathwe nmgumntu
Ukusetyenziswa ekhaya
Ngexesha lasemini
Ukunqumla ihlathi kunye nokusetyenziswa kweendlela
Ukuzingela,
Ukutyisa ingca, ukunqunyulwa kwemithi emileyo
Iyathengiswa
Ebusuku
Izifundo ezifundiweyo ngexa lokuphunyezwa komThetho weSizwe wamaHlathi
Ukuthathela ingqalelo isikeyile kunye nobukhulu bomceli mngeni wokuphumeza
Ukupasiswa komthetho omtsha kuphela linyathelo lokuqala kwinkqubo ende.
Imimiselo, iinkqubo kunye neeprotokoli kufuneka zibekwe endaweni ukuze ziyilawule.
Ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso qhinga sokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo nowiso-mthetho.
Ukuyila kunye nokwenza ulungiselelo lwemali lwenkqubo eyoluliweyo nenezibonelelo ezinabileyo emva kokuba kuphumelele uwiso-mthetho.
Isitafu sikaRhulumente, abaphathi bamahlathi kaRhulumente kunye nabanye abadlala indima kufuneka baqeqeshwe ukuze baqonde kwaye baphumeze umthetho omtsha, iindlela kunye neenkqubo kunye nokusebenzisa ingqiqo yabo ngokufanelekileyo nagobulungisa.
Kunye nokugcina kangangoko iindlela esele zikhona.
Ukwenza ungqinelwano oluchanekileyo phakathi kotshintsho olufunekayo kunye nokuhlala noko kusebenzayo.
ISEBE LEMICIMBI YAMANZI NAMAHLATHI
Yenziwe liSebe leMicimbi yaManzi namaHlathi - Icandelwana eliyintloko Iinkonzo zoNxibelelwano
Ivunyelwe phantsi kokukhutshelwe ngaphandle
AYIVUNYELWANGA phantsi kokukhutshelwe ngaphandle
Amagosa eHlathi anyanzelisa umThetho weSizwe wamaHlathi
