Opot											Xhosa

Yintoni imbewu yeoyile neyeprotheyini?



Imiyalelo: 

Folio strap: Imbewu yeoyile

Byline: NguJane McPherson, umphathi wenkqubo yakwaGrain SA yeNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama



Ngokwekhasi lothungelwano lweSA Grains nolweOilseeds izityalo eziziinkozo zichongwa njengeesiriyeli ezifanele ukusetyenziswa njengokutya kwabantu. Imbewu yeoyile ikwakufanela ukutyiwa ngabantu kwaye inexabiso ngakumbi ngenxa yeoyile eyivelisayo. Izityalo eziziinkozo nembewu yeoyile eMzantsi Afrika ngamandongomane, yi-barley, yi-rye, ingqolowa, i-oats, umbona, amazimba, iimbotyi zesoy kunye noojongilanga. 



Izityalo zembewu yeoyile zilinyelwa ubukhulu becala ukuba zivelise ioyile equlethwe yimbewu. Isiqulatho seoyile kwiinkozo ezincinci (ezinjengengqolowa) yi-1% - 2% kuphela; kanti eyembewu yeoyile isuka kuma-20% kwiimbotyi zesoy ukuya ngaphezulu kuma-40% ngoojongilanga nee-canola (imbewu ye-rape). Imithombo emikhulu yee-oyile zembewu ezityiwayo ziimbotyi zesoy, ngoojongilanga, yimbewu ye-rape (i-canola), umqhaphu kune namandongomane. Iioyile zembewu evela kwi-flax (i-linseed) nakwiimbotyi ze-castor zisetyenziswa ngeenjongo zoshishino. Amafutha atyiwayo neeoyile nangona kunjalo ayelelene ngokwesakhiwo seziqalelo eziyintsusa yazo. Amafutha ayaqina phantsi kobushushu begumbi, kanti iioyile zona zihlala zilulwelo. 



Oojongilanga, amandongomane neembotyi zesoy zonke zizityalo zasehlotyeni – zityalwa entlakohlaza emva kokugqitha kwengozi yeqabaka (kaloku ziyivela kakhulu iqabaka) ukuze ke zikhule kwiinyanga zehlobo (kwimimandla yeemvula zasehlotyeni). Izityalo zithi zivuthwe ekwindla ukuze zikholise ukuvunwa emva kokuqalisa kweeqabaka zokuqala. Kwelinye icala i-canola isisityalo sasebusika – ikukuphela kwesityalo sembewu yeoyile esingayoyikiyo iqabaka. 

Iinkozo ezivuniweyo ziqhutyelwa phambili ukuze kutsalwe iioyile. Amafutha neeoyile zizizondlo ezibalulekileyo kwaye zisetyenziswa njengeeoyile, iioyile zesaladi okanye ezokupheka okanye zisenokuqiniswa njengemajarini (nezinye iintlobo zamafutha okupheka). Ezi zifakelelo zeemveliso zingena endaweni yezo zezilwanyana (njengebhotolo okanye amafutha ehagu) kuba zona zingazaneli iimfuno zamanani abantu behlabathi ahlala esanda. 



Intsalela esala emva kokuhluzwa kweoyile kwimbewu yeoyile ingumthombo obalulekileyo wezondlo zezilwanyana zasefama. Izidlo zembewu yeoyile ephuma kwiimbotyi zesoy, amandongomane, imbewu ye-rape nakwimbewu ye-flax zityebile ngeprotheyini – xa zidityaniswe nezinye izithako (ezifana neenkozo zeesiriyeli), zinika ukutya okunezondlo ezilungeleleneyo. 



Igrafu 1: Imveliso yamandongomane eMzantsi Afrika.

UMntla-ntshona

	I-Gauteng

	I-Limpopo

I-Mpumalanga

Kwazulu-Natal

I-Free State

UMntla-Koloni

Iitoni ezingamawaka

Iminyaka yemveliso



Igrafu 2: Imveliso yeembotyi zesoy eMzantsi Afrika.

UMntla-ntshona

	I-Gauteng

	I-Limpopo

I-Mpumalanga

Kwazulu-Natal

I-Free State

I-Mpuma-Koloni

Iitoni ezingamawaka

Iminyaka yemveliso



Igrafu 3: Imveliso yembewu kajongilanga eMzantsi Afrika.

 UMntla-ntshona

	I-Gauteng

	I-Limpopo

I-Mpumalanga

Kwazulu-Natal

I-Free State

I-Mpuma-Koloni

Iitoni ezingamawaka

Iminyaka yemveliso



