Marketing (Maize)									Xhosa

Ulawulo lwentengiso nengxaki yabalimi bethu



Imiyalelo: 

Folio strap: Ulawulo

Byline: NguJane McPherson, umphathi wenkqubo yaseGrain SA yeNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama (linezicatshulwa ezivela kwizifundo ngoLawulo lweFama ukwenzela iiNzuzo)



To be translated: 

Ixabiso

Isixa semveliso

Imfuno ebangwayo

Inkxaso

Ulungelelwaniso-macala



Intengiso yokutya iquka yonke imisebenzi yoshishino ebandakanyeka kumqukuqelo wemveliso zokutya neenkonzo ezisuka kubalimi ukuya kubasebenzisi.



Inkcazo yomba

Isixokelelwano sentengiso yokutya siluthungelwano lwemijelo exananazileyo nenexabiso eliphezulu, oosomashishini abaphakathi kunye nemisebenzi yokuthengisa ephumeza imveliso, usasazo notshintshiselwano lwenkxaso yokutya kwesizwe. Esi sixokelelwano sandile ngobukhulu nangokubaluleka ngenxa yokukhula kwezolimo kohlobo olulodwa, ukufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini neminye imikhwa yezentlalo-luqoqosho. Intengiso yinkqubo yokuvelisa eyongezelela ukusetyenziswa kohlobo, indawo, ixesha nobunini kwizisetyenziswa zasefama. Ixabiso elongezelelwayo kwinkqubo yokuthengisa ukutya libolekisana neenkqubo zokuvelisa ukutya kumsebenzi wokufama. Inkqubo yentengiso iyiblorho yokuphila phakathi kwabalimi bokutya nabasebenzisi bako kwaye iphenjelelwa yimithombo yezentlalo, ezobugcisa nemithetho kunye nemigaqo yokuphilisana phakathi koluntu. Isixokelelwano sentengiso yokutya sikhule njengempendulo yeemfuno eziguqu-guqukayo zabalimi nabasebenzisi bokutya.



Imisebenzi yentengiso inamanyathelo ahluka-hlukileyo athatyathwa kwintshukumo yemveliso ukusuka kwisimo sokuqala sayo ukuya kwisimo sokugqibela njengemveliso elindele ukusetyenziswa ngabasebenzisi. Imisebenzi ikholisa ukwahlulwa ngokwamaqela amathathu asentloko, eyile, imisebenzi ephathekayo, iinkcukacha zemisebenzi yokuphumeza neyotshintshiselwano emi ngendlela elandelayo:



Imisebenzi ephathekayo

Ukuqokelela;

Ukuhlela;

Ulondolozo;

Uthutho;

Ukuqhubela phambili;

Ukubekelela; kananjalo 

Usasazo.



Imisebenzi yokuphumeza

Imali;

Uxanduva lwemingcipheko; 

Ukubeka ngokwamabanga;

Ukuseka imigangatho;

Ukunyusa imveliso; kananjalo

Ulwazi ngentengiso.



Imisebenzi yotshintshiselwano

Ukuthenga; kananjalo

Ukuthengisa.



Ngoko ke ulawulo lwentengiso luziduba ngenkqubo esuka ekuvunweni kwemveliso ukuya ekuthengisweni kwayo, nokuba isekwisimo esingasetyenzwanga  okanye nokuba kukho ixabiso elongezelelweyo, eveliswe efama. Abavelisi bajongana nentlaninge yeengxaki ezinzima xa bethengisa imveliso yabo ezifana nezi: 

Ukungabikho okanye ukunqongophala kolwazi okanye iintlobo zobuchule bokuthengisa; 

Unqongophalo lolwazi lokuthengisa;

Amandla angalinganiyo okuthengisa;

Ubunzima bokuphucula amaxabiso ngokusebenzisa inyathelo leqela; kananjalo 

Ulawulo lwesiphumo sabo. 



Isakhono sokuthengisa sinesiphumo esibalulekileyo kumaxabiso afunyanwa ngabalimi ukuze nengeniso ibe njalo. 



Inkcazelo yentengiso

Intengiso ichazwa njengendawo apho abathengisi abanothakazelelo bathi badibane nabathengi abanothakazelelo bagqithisele kubo iimveliso okanye iinkonzo ngexabiso ekuvunyelwene ngalo.



Iinjongo zolawulo lwentengiso efanelekileyo

Kukulondoloza kangangoko ngakumbi ukuphucula isiphumo semali nemeko yemali yeshishini.

Ukuphucula umgangatho wokwenza izicwangciso, amalungiselelo, ukuphumeza nokulawula intengiso.

Kukomeleza inkqubo yokwenza isigqibo malunga nolawulo lwentengiso – yintoni, nini kananjalo phi.

Ukuqinisekisa ukufumaneka ulwazi olufanelekileyo ngokuthengisa.



Ukwakhiwa kwexabiso

Intshayelelo

Amaxabiso kunye nengeniso zidlala indima ephambili kwizigqibo ezimalunga nokuthengisa. Amaxabiso nengeniso ziphembelela inzuzo nolwabiwo lwemithombo yentengiso. Ixabiso elamkelekileyo lithetha ukuba xa kungekho siphazamiso kumba wentengiso, ixabiso, inqanaba lokusbenzisa imveliso nenqanaba lesiphumo liqikelelwa ngokwemfuno ebangwayo nangokwenkxaso. 



Imfuno ebangwayo

Abasebenzisi bemveliso bajongana nengxaki yokukhetha. Abasebenzisi baneemfuno ezininzi, mhlawumbi ezingenamda – kodwa ingeniso ibe inemida. Bazama ukukhetha impahla neenkonzo ezingqalileyo eziya kwanelisa iimfuno zabo ngeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo ngokwemida abazibona beyisikelwe yingeniso. Imfuno ebangwayo yemveliso inokuchazwa njengobudlelwana phakathi kwexaiso nesixa esithengwe kummandla wentengiso ethile.. Umthetho wemfuno ebangwayo uthi ngokuya liba phezulu ixabiso lempahla, kuncinci kuyo okuya kuthengwa, ukuze okuchasene noku kwenzeke xa ixabiso liphantsi. Ngokuya liba phezulu ixabiso, liya ngokuncipha inani labathendi abaya kuba nomdla wokuthenga imveliso ukuze lande inani xa ixabiso liphantsi. Bakhona abantu abaya kuqhuba ngokuthenga, kodwa nabo bathenga izixa ezincinci.



Imfuno ebangwayo bubudlelwana phakathi kwexabiso elihle nesixa esithengiweyo. Ukuba ixabiso lemveliso liyanda ukusuka kwi-R9,00 ukuya kwi-R10,50, abathengi abathengi kakhulu. Basenokwenza isigqibo sokuthenga ii-pizza endaweni yayo. Kanti ukuba ixabiso lehla liye kwi-R7,50 bathi chatha ukuthenga. Isixa esiyimfuno ebangwayo sinxulumene nokuphikisana nexabiso.



Itheyibhile 5.3.1: Isixa semveliso esiyimfuno ebangwayo kumaxabiso ahluka-hlukileyo. (Olu nxulumano luzotywe ngokwegrafu kwisazobe 5.3.1)





Ixabiso lemveliso
 


Isixa semveliso ethengiweyo
 

 
R16,50
 
0
 

 
R15,00
 
200
 

 
R13,50
 
400
 

 
R12,00
 
600
 

 
R10,50
 
800
 

 
R 9,00
 
1 000
 

 
R 7,50


 
1 200


 

 











Isazobe 5.3.1: Igophe lemfuno ebangwayo 









                                                             Imfuno ebangwayoo                                                      



























                                          0     200     400     600     800     1000     1200     1400

                                                Isixa seMveliso
 

 
 
 

 


Umgca wethambeka elehlayo ophathelele kwixabiso nakwisixa esiyimfuno ebangwayo waziwa ngokuba ligophe lemfuno ebangwayo.



Inkxaso

Isixa esiyinkxaso yayo nayiphi imveliso okanye inkonzo sisixa abathengisi abathakazelela kwaye abakwaziyo ukusithengisa ngexabiso elithile.



Nangona imfuno ebangwayo ilunxulumano phakathi kwexabiso lemveliso nesixa esithengwayo, inkxaso lunxulumano phakathi kwexabiso lemveliso nesixa abathengisi abanothakazelelo lokusithengisa. Xa ixabiso lemveliso liphantsi, ukuthengisa imveliso akunanzuzo kwaye sincinci isixa esinikwa njengenkxaso. Xa ixabiso lemveliso linyuka ishishini liba nenzuzo ethe chatha kanti nabathengisi bathi chatha ngokunikela. Ngako oko, isixa esinikwa njengenkxaso  sinxulumene ngokugqalileyo nexabiso. Olu nxulumano phakathi kwexabiso nesixa senkxaso lubizwa ngokuba ngumthetho wenkxaso. Cinga ngendlela isixa esinikwa njengenkxaso sahluka ngayo kwixabiso, amaxabiso egalelo asabambeleleyo, ezobugcisa nezinto ezilindelekileyo ezisisigxina. Itheyibhile 5.3.2 Ibonisa isixa see-hamburger esinikelwa njengenkxaso ngumthengisi ngokwamaxabiso ahluka-hlukeneyo. Ngokuya linyuka ixabiso, umlimi unika inkxaso eya ngokuba nkulu ngokwezixa ezikhulu.



Itheyibhile 5.3.2: Isicwangciso senkxaso ngemveliso ethile



Ixabiso lemveliso
 
Isixa semveliso enikwe njengenkxaso
 

 
R16,50
 
1 200
 

 
R15,00
 
1 000
 

 
R13,50
 
800
 

 
R12,00
 
600
 

 
R10,50
 
400
 

 
R9,00
 
200
 

 
R7,50
 
0
 

 
















Isazobe 5.3.2: Igophe lenkxaso





































                                       0      300      600      900      1200      1500      1800      2000

                                                           Quantity of hamburgers
 

 
Igophe elinxulumene nexabiso nesixa esinikwe njengenkxaso libizwa ngokuba ligophe lenkxso. Inkxaso igobela phezulu kuba ixabiso eliphezulu lithetha isixa esikhulu esinikwa njengenkxaso.



Ulungelelwaniso-macala lwemfuno ebangwayo nekxaso 

Kwisazobe 5.3.3  amagophe enkxaso nemfuno ebangwayo aboniswa kunye. Qaphela ukuba amagophe enkxaso nemfuno ebangwayo adibana kwindawo enye. Le ndawo ibizwa ngokuba lulungelelwaniso-macala lwentengiso. Ixabiso apho la magophe mabini anqamlezana khona libizwa ngokuba lixabiso lolungelelwaniso-macala, ukuze isixa sibizwe ngokuba sisixa solungelelwaniso-macala.

Isazobe 5.3.3:	Ixabiso lolungelelwaniso



                                                                                                              Inkxaso



                   P*

                                                                                         

                                                                                                              



                                                                       Ulungelelwaniso-macala

              

                   Pe





                                                                                                                 Imfuno ebangwayo                                                                                                           

   





    





                                          Q1                    Qe                   Q**   

                                           

                                 0        300          600      900       1200       1500       1800       2000      

   

                                          Isixa semveliso


 

 


Kwixabiso lolungelelwaniso-macala, isixa semveliso abathengi abanothakazelelo lokusithenga ncam sihambelana nesixa abathengisi abanothakazelelo nabakwaziyo ukusithengisa. Eli xabiso lolungelelwaniso-macala maxa wambi libizwa ngokuba lixabiso lokususa intengiso kuba, ngokweli xabiso, wonke umntu entengisweni wanelisekile. Abathengi bathenge konke abebefuna ukukuthenga, kanti nabathengisi bathengise konke ebebefuna ukukuthengisa.



Imibandela ephembelela amaxabiso emveliso yezolimo

Imibandela ephembelela amaxabiso emveliso yezolimo inokwahlulwa ngokwezintlu ezine ezibanzi. 

Okokuqala, iimeko zenkxaso eziphembelela amaxabiso eemveliso zezolimo nezityo zibandakanya izigqibo malunga nomsebenzi wemveliso, imozulu, izitshabalalisi-lukhula kunye nezifo, indawo evuniweyo kunye nempahla ethengwa kumazwe angaphandle. 

Okwesibini, iimeko zemfuno ebangwayo zibandakanya ingeniso, amaxabiso, iingcamlo kunye nezinto ezikhethwayo, amanani abantu nempahla ethengiselwa amazwe angaphandle. 

Icandelo lentengiso yokutya libandakanya uluhlu lwesithathu; liphembelela amaxabiso emveliso yezolimo ngemisebenzi yokongeza ukuxabiseka, amaxabiso, iindlela zobuchule zeendleko nezokwabiwa komsebenzi. 

Ekugqibeleni, urhulumente unako ukuphembelela amaxabiso emveliso yezolmo ngenkxaso yamaxabiso, ulawulo lwenkxaso, izibonelelo, umgqaqo-nkqubo wokurhweba, okanye imigaqo-nkqubo ephembelela imfuno ebangwayo yeli lizwe yezityo.



Kwithuba elidlulileyo ezolimo zaseMzantsi Afrika bezisoloko zibonwa njengezimi zodwa nezihamba zodwa phakathi kwezizwe nehlabathi loqoqosho. Njengesiphumo soko, amaxabiso emveliso yezolimo, ngokoke, ingeniso yeemveliso zolimo, beziphenjelelwa ubukhulu becala yimibandela yangaphakathi efana nezigqibo zabavelisi, umgaqonkqubo karhulumente, ezobugcisa kwezolimo, imozulu nemfuno ebangwayo yabaxumi yokutya. 



Namhla lo mbono awusasebenzi. Kule mihla yehlabathi le-globe, akukho candela, kubandakanywa nelezolimo elinokuba lilolo ngokupheleleyo nangokugqibeleleyo ehlabathni. Into esandul’ ukuqwalaselwa yimfuno yokucutha ungenelelo lukarhulumente kumaxabiso norhwebo ngemveliso yezolimo eMzantsi Afrika.  Amaxabiso eemveliso zolimo aseMzantsi Afrika ngoku selengumsebenzi wenkxaso nemfuno ebangwa ehlabathini, ngokunjalo, nenkxaso kunye nemfuno ebangwa kweli lizwe.



Iiyantlukwano zamaxabiso emithombo yobutyebi

Iimeko zeentlobo-ntlobo zinegalelo kumaxabiso emveliso yezolimo angazinzanga. Ngakwicala lenkxaso, iiyantlukwano kwizigqibo ngemveliso yabalimi, imozulu, izitshabalalisi zezityalo kunye nezifo ngokunjalo neziganeko ebezingabonwanga ngaphambili ziphembelela indawo elinyiweyo, izivuno namaxabiso. Abalimi banako ukulawula eminye imibandela yenkxaso, kodwa ingeyiyo yonke. Nangona abalimi bezama ukungqamanisa imfuno ebangwayo nenkxaso, indalo iyazitshintsha izinto. Umlimi unako ukuziqhelanisa ngokweengqikelelo zamaxabiso nezinto ezilindelekileyo ezinxulumene nendawo ekufuneka ilinyiwe nesityalo esihile, kodwa basuke bafumanise kuphela ukuba isivuno sabo sincinci singaphantsi kwesesihelo okanye iimeko zokukhulisa zenze uchatha kodwa othengiseka ngamaxabiso aphantsi, okanye ibe imveliso ithengwe kwamanye amazwe ngamaxabiso aphantsi.



Iiyantlukwano zamaxabiso zikholisa ukwenziwa ngamalinge abalimi ukwandisa okanye ukucutha imveliso. Ixabiso eliphantsi okanye eliphezulu kwezolimo lisuka lizilungise. Kukholisa ukuba kubekho ukubambezeleka okulindelekileyo kwezolimo okuthintela umlimi ekusebenzeni kwangoko malunga neenguqu zamaxabiso. Kukuziphatha jikelele kwabalimi bonke okuphembelela amaxabiso.



Imibandela enxulumene nemfuno ebangwayo nayo inegalelo kwiiyanlukwano zamaxabiso kwezolimo. Ubudlelwana borhwebo lwehlabathi lunxulumanisa abalimi nemimandla yeentengiso yaseMzantsi Afrika nabasebenzisi bemveliso kunye nabalimi kulo lonke ihlabathi. Njengesiphumo soko, iiyantlukwano kumaxabiso ehlabathi zinamandla eempembelelo zangoko kumaxabiso eli lizwe. UMzantsi Afrika unendima engephi kwimimandla yehlabathi ukwenzela imithombo yezolimo, njengoko impahla yethu esiyithengisa ngaphandle nesuka indawana encinci yorhwebo lwelizwe okanye nokuba yimpahla engundoqo ethengiswa kumazwe angaphandle, efana norhwebo lombona igqweswa yi-USA, ngoboya igqweswe yiAustralia ukuze ngewayini yoyiswe yiFransi. Iimeko kummandla wentengiso wehlabathi zineempembelelo ezinkulu kumaxabiso eli lizwe.



Ingeniso yeli lizwe yabasebenzisi bemveliso, iimeko zengqesho nezoshishino ziphembelela imfuno ebangwayo nexabiso lokutya.



Unxunguphalo kwiCandelo lwMveliso yeeNkozo

Kwibanga elikulo icandelo lemveliso yezityalo eziziinkozo, abavelisi bajongene nonxunguphalo njengoko bengasakwazi kuvelisa iinkozo ngokwamaxabiso angoku. Iindleko zamagalelo zidlula ixabiso leenkozo eziveliswayo. 



Umsebenzi wokufama lishishini, kwaye ngalo naliphi ishishini, ukuba iinzuzo azifumaneki, ishishini elo kufuneka livale. Abavelisi baseMzantsi Afrika bondla isizwe, kwaye ukuba amashishini alo ayavala, baza kutya ntoni abantu. Impendulo ecacileyo yeyokuba siya kuthenga ukutya esikufunayo ngaphandle,. Oku yinyaniso, kodwa ke ukutya okuthengwa ngaphandle, kufuna utshintshiselwano lwangaphandle (imali) ukuze kuhlawulwe amaxabiso ako okuthenga ngaphandle. Kwilizwe ngalinye kukho into ebizwa ngokuba ‘lulungelelwaniso lwentlawulo’, kanti lona lulungelelwaniso phakathi kwemali efunyanwa lilizwe ngokuthengisa ngaphandle, kunye nemali echithwa lilizwe ngokuthenga ngaphandle. Ukuba asinako okwanele ukuthengisa ngaphandle ukuze sizuze kutshintshiselwano lwangaphandle, ilizwe lethu alisayi kuba nemali elingeneyo yokuthenga ukutya okufunwa ngabantu ukuze oku kube neempembelelo kukhuselo lokutya kwesizwe. 



Kwithuba langoku,  indawo yentengiso ibeka uMzantsi Afrika emngciphekweni wonqongophalo lokutya kwesizwe – ilizwe lethu linesakhono sokuvelisa ukutya esikufunayo, nentsalela esiyithengisela amazwe asingqongileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kokuba kubekh into eyenziwayo ngamaxabiso afunyanwa ngabavelisi beenkozo, oku akusayi kuqhuba ithuba elide. Ingxaki yenzuzo ichaphazela abalimi abarhwebayo nabasaphuhlayo – bonke kufuneka bafumane inzuzo. Masijonge izinto ngendlela eyiyo malunga nomsebenzi wokuvelisa iinkozo – kutheni amaxabiso ephantsi kangaka kwaye urhulumente uza kwenza ntoni ukukhusela abalimi bethu – umthombo wokutya neentsinga zethu? 

