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W &gt Amanxiwa Anobutyebi Behlabathi eMzantsi Afrika
Amanxiwa Anobutyebi Behlabathi eMzantsi Afrika
Kukho amanxiwa Anobutyebi Behlabathi angama-788 kwihlabathi lonke, manxiwa lawo akhuselweyo ngeenzame zokulondoloza ubuhle bawo bendalo okanye ukubaluleka kwawo ngokwenkcubeko nangokwembali. Amanxiwa adweliswe njenganobutyebi behlabathi afumana ukunakanwa kumazwe akuwo kwanakumazwe angaphandle.
Ingingqi ye-fynbos yeNtshona Koloni neMpuma Koloni isandula ukunakanwa njengenxiwa eliqulethe ubutyebi behlabathi ngenxa yobuhle bayo bendalo nokubaluleka kwayo kwinzululwazi. Eli nxiwa liqulethe iingingqi ezisibhozo ezikhuselweyo, kubandakanywa noMyezo Wesizwe iKirstenbosch kunye nendawo yolondolozo lwendalo iDe Hoop. Ngokukonke, eli nxiwa linaba kangangeehektare ezingama-553,000 zomhlaba otyebileyo ziintlobo zezityalo, ezimele amashumi amabini eepesenti zezityalo zase-Afrika.
Izityalo ezinqabileyo zale ngingqi zinexabiso elikhulu kakhulu kwinzululwazi njengoko kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo kwanokuxinana kweentlobo ze-Fynbos kwingingqana nje encinci. Ukuxinana kwezi ntlobo-ntlobo kuMmandla iCape Floral kumalunga nelona nqanaba liphezulu ehlabathini futhi sele idizwe njengenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo ezilishumi elinesibhozo zempahla ephilayo ehlabathini.
Ukubaluleka kwesiqithi iRobben Island kwimbali kukhokelele ekunakanweni kwayo njengenxiwa Elinobutyebi Behlabathi ngo-1999. IRobben Island le ibisakusetyenziswa kule minyaka ingamakhulu amahlanu adlulileyo njengentolongo, isibhedlele nendawo yokuhlala nokuzilolonga kwamajoni. Izakhiwo ezininzi zesi siqithi zikhumbuza umntu ngembali yaso njengentolongo enolona khuseleko futhi ikwaluphawu lokuphumelela kweminqweno yesizwe, yenkululeko, neyolawulo lukarhulumente ngokwentando yesininzi kusoyiswa ingcinezelo.
Imihlaba ye-St Lucia Wetlands iqulethe iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokumila komhlaba, eziqulethe ooqaqaqa bangaphantsi kwamanzi, amalwandle amade anesanti eninzi, iintlabathi zesanti eziselunxwemeni, amachibi, imigxobhozo, imihlaba emanzi emikhulu yeengcongolo nemithi. Ukwahluka kobume bale mihlaba imanzi kwanokuhlangana kwayo namanye amacandelo emo-zulu kukhokelele ebukhweni beentlobo-ntlobo ezahlukeneyo zezityalo. Ukumila komhlaba okwenziwe ngemifanekiso eyenziwe ngamatye amancinane kwaneentlobo zeendawo zokuhlala zezi zityalo nezilwanyana nazo zikwadala imibono enomtsalane.
Eli nxiwa lihle kakhulu, lineentsika eziphezulu zohlobo lwelitye elilukhuni, iintlobo ezithile zemithi, iziganga zamatye esanti abugolide, amathafa engca aqeqngqeleka ngokuphakame kakhulu, iintlambo zamandulo ezinamacala amtyibilizi nemiwonyo enamatye. Ubuninzi beendawo zokuhlala zezilwanyana bukhusela uninzi lwendalo yemvelo yalapha neyehlabathi esemngciphekweni, ingakumbi iintaka nezityalo.
Kukwakho nemiqolomba emininzi neendawo zokufihla intloko phantsi kwamatye kunye neyona mbumba yemizobo yamatye inkhulu neyona ixineneyo e-Afrika, kumzantsi weSahara. Le mizobo isematyeni yenziwa sisizwe saBathwa kwixesha eliyiminyaka engamakhulu amane eyadlulayo. Le mizobo nemibhalo kula matye yeyomgangatho ophakame kakhlulu kwanothotho lwemiba kwanokuzotywa nokuboniswa kwezilwanyana nabantu. Konke oku kumele indlela yempilo yokukhonza yesizwe saBathwa abangasahlali kule ngingqi kungoku nje.
Le yingingqi emi kumda osemantla woMzantsi Afrika, odibanisa amazwe iZimbabwe neBotswana, iMapungubwe yayibobona bukhosi bukhulu kumazantsi eli lizwekazi phambvi kokuba ichithwe kwiminyaka yenkulungwane yeshumi elinesine. Isiza sebhotwe elasindayo nengingqi yokuhlala, kwaneziza ezimbini zangaphambili zokuhlala, zibonisa umfanekiso ongayiwayo wokuphuhla kwendlela yokuphila koluntu kwanendlela upolitiko lwalapho olwalumi ngayo kwiminyaka engamakhulu amane eyadlulayo.
Inkangeleko yenkcubeko kumhlaba weMapungubwe iqulethe ubungqina bonaniselwano loluntu ngemicimbi yalo, naniselwano olo lukhokelele kwiinguqu ezininzi nezinkulu ngokwenkcubeko nangokwezinye nje iindlela zokuphila zoluntu kuMazantsi e-Afrika phakathi kweminyaka u-900 no-1300 AD. Iintsalela zoku zibubungqina obugqibeleleyo bokukhula nokuchithakala okuye kwalandela kombuso weMapungubwe. Ezi ntsalela zibonisa ngokwemizobo indlela ukutshintsha kwemo yezulu ekube nefuthe ngayo yaye zigcina ukukhula nokufa kobukhosi baseMapungubwe.
Ingingqi yeSterkfontein iqulethe imbumba yamanxiwa amakhulu kakhulu nabaluleke kakhulu ngokolwazi aluquletheyo lwenzululwazi, manxiwa lawo asiphathela ukhanyo ngezona zinyanya zokuqala zomntu. La manxiwa ayingxenye yamawaba agcina ulwazi oluphuphumayo lwenzululwazi, lwazi olo lunomsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu kuthi luntu.
Ingaba kukho nto ungayiqondiyo kwiintetho zaseburhulumenteni
Isigama Esinokusetyenziswa uMgaqo-nkqubo Wemfihlelo
Ilungelo Lobunini
