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Ulondolozo lwesitshizi



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Folio strap: Ulondolozo

Byline: Lilungelelaniswe nguJane McPherson ukusuka kwiziFundo zoPhuhliso lweZakhono zezoBuchule zaseGrain SA

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Ulondolozo olufanelekileyo neendlela zokugcina aziphumezi amalungiselelo onyaka olandelayo aphambi kwexesha lonyaka kuphela, kodwa zomeleza ukusebenza kwesitshizi lo gama zisongezelela iminyaka kubomi baso kumsebenzi wemveliso.



Ukuba sesichengeni ixesha elide kwemichiza emininzi etshabalalisa izinambuzane negqitha kwisitshizi kunako ukukhuthula nokuthoba umgangatho weenxalenye zesitshizi, ipeyinti nemidibaniso yombane. Intsalela evela kwezi mveliso isenokuba yingozi nakubani osebenzela phezu kukamatshini lowo okanye kufutshane nawo. Kwakhona, izixa eziyimizila zemichiza yokutshabalalisa izinambuzane ezithe nca kwiinxalenye zesitshizi zinako ukonakalisa izityalo xa zide zagqithela kwixesha lokutshiza elilandelayo lonyaka. 



Ukhuselo lobuqu bakho nolosapho lwakho, abaqeshwa nezityalo zakho kwenza kubaluleke ukuba usicoce kwaye usihlambulule kakuhle isitshizi sakho ngexesha lonyaka, phakathi kwezityalo naphambi kokusigcina kwakho xa ulungiselela ubusika. Khumbula ukuba inkoliso yemichiza esetyenziswa kwezolimo iyingozi kwizityalo kunye/okanye kwizilwanyana ngoko ke kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo zonke iingozi ezibandakanyekayo kwaye imeko ilawulwe kakuhle kangangoko kunokwenziwa.



Ukucoca izixhobo zokusebenzisa isitshizi

Inkqubo egqibeleleyo yokulondoloza nokugcina inamanyathelo amahlanu. 



Inyathelo 1: Funda 

Phambi kokuba uqalise ngokucoca isitshizi sakho, qiniseka ukuba uyiphengulule ileyibhile yemichiza etshabalalisa izinambuzane oyifakileyo. Ileyibhile iya: 

Kukuxelela indlela efanelekileyo yokulahla imveliso eyintsalela;

Kukunika nayiphi imiyalelo yokucoca yohlobo olulodwa enokuba yimfuneko;

Kukucebisa ngokuhlambulula iimveliso; kananjalo 

Kukuzobela Izixhobo Zokhuseleko Lobuqu (Personal Protective Equipment - PPE) kufuneka usicoce ngokhuseleko isitshizi sakho. 



Inyathelo 2: Hlambulula 

Injongo yokuhlambulula kukususa naziphi iindawo zemveliso eziqokoleyo okanye ezinkulu ezisenokuba zisephakathi okanye phezu kwesitshizi. Ukucoca izixhobo zokusebenzisa isitshizi kubandakanya ukujikelezisa amanzi kwisixokelelwano siphelele ukuze emva koko afakwe kwisiza esidweliswe kwileyibhile yesitshabalalisi sezinambuzane osisebenzisileyo (ngamanye amazwi, ukutshiza umxube wemichiza engxengwe ngamanzi, ngoku selebizwa ngokuba sisihlambululi, kwindawo ekhuselekileyo). 



Ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ucoca itanki ngokunjalo imibhobho nemilomo, galela amanzi acocekileyo athi gabhu etankini wandule ukuqhuba itrektara kumgama omfutshane kwenye yeendlela zasefama – ukuxhuma-xhuma endleleni kuya kutsibisa amanzi ukuze oko kuqinisekise ukutshiza kwawo kuyo yonke indawo engaphakathi etankini. Amaxa aliqela okuhlambulula ngokwezixa ezincinci (ukufikelela kwi-10% yesakhono setanki yesitshizi) abhetele kunokuzalisa itanki yesitshizi kanye kuphela ngamanzi acocekileyo. Kucetyiswa ukuyiphinda-phinda inkqubo yokuhlambulula amaxa amathathu obona buncinane. 



Khetha indawo apho amanzi okuhlambulula angenakungcolisa khona izixhaso zamanzi, imisele, izityalo okanye naluphi uhlaza nalapho amadanyana athande ukuba makhulu angenakuqokelela imichiza, ukuze ngokwenza njalo adalele abantu, izilwanyana imo engqongileyo ingozi. Unako ukuwatshiza eziphelweni zentsimi okanye endleleni ecanda efama. 



Qiniseka ukuba uyawakhupha amanzi etankini yesitshizi ngendlela efana naleyo ekwileyibhile yomchiza osisitshabalalisi sesinambuzane. Musa ukusuka uvule ivalvu kuba umchiza ungachitheka emhlabeni. Yongezelela iincam zomlomo wesixa esikhulu ukwenzela indlela efanelekileyo ngokwasemthethweni yokuchitha isihlambululi sesitshizi. Umphandle wesitshizi nawo mawuhlanjwe. Kwakhona, xa kuhlanjwa isitshizi, musa ukudala amadanyana amanzi amileyo anokuthi afikeleleke ebantwaneni, kwizinambuzane ezibulala izityalo, kwimfuyo okanye kwizilo zasendle. 



Inyathelo 3: Khupha amanzi 

Ukuze uchithe isihlambululi somchiza otshabalalisa izinambuzane ngokwezikhokelo zeleyibhile, faka isihlambululi kwindawo apho iimveliso kufuneka ziqale zasetyenziswa khona kuqala (kwakhona, ekupheleni kwentsimi apho umchiza utshizwe khona kukholisa ukuba yindawo efanelekileyo). Yiphinda-phinde inkqubo yokukhupha isihlambululi emva kokukhupha ukungcola nokuphinda uhlambulule isitshizi. Qiniseka ukuba kananjalo ukhupha nawaphi amanzi acocekileyo okuhlambulula iitanki phambi kokusigcina ukuthintela umonakalo owenziwa kukukhenkca kwamanzi ngaphakathi. 



Inyathelo 4: Ukuhlola 

Emva kokuhlambulula kokugqibela unako ukuhlola isitshizi sakho ukuze usikhande okanye usilungalungise xa kuyimfuneko oko. Naxa sesicociwe isitshizi, yiba soloko unxiba izixhobo zokhuselo lobuqu. Kaloku kusenokuba khona intsalela eseleyo phezu kwesitshizi naphakathi kwaso. 



Izinto ezifanele ukukhangelwa ngethuba lokucoca nasemva kwako: 

Imilomo ebhidanisiweyo neyonakeleyo; 

Izikrini zemilomo ezonakeleyo; 

Izikrini zezihluzi ezonakeleyo; 

Amathanda, iindawo ezivuzayo nokusebenza kwempompo ngokubanzi; 

Imeko yombhobho, ngakumbi ukuba ethe-ethe okanye ukucandeka; 

Imeko yevalvu, ukuchonga naziphi iindawo ezinokuba ziyavuza okanye iindawo ezinemitywino enokuba iyekeyeke; kananjalo 

Isakhiwo se-boom, ukuchonga nawaphi amathanda ekufuneka elungisiwe. 



Inyathelo 5: Ukugcina 

Ngoku njengoko isitshizi sesicocwe ngocoselelo, usenokufuna ukususa iindawo ezithile zaso ezinokonakala ngexesha lokusigcina. 

Susa izitreyina (izihluzi) uzihlambe ngesandla ngamanzi anesepha (khumbula ukunxiba iiglavu ezikwaziyo ukumelana nemichiza), zihlambulule uze uzigcine okanye uzibuyisele kwisitshizi sazo. 

Qwalasela imilomo ngohlobo olulodwa, iziqu zemilomo uze uqwalasele iivalvu. Intsalela yemichiza inako ukupakishana kwezi ndawo ize yome ngexesha lasebusika, meko leyo ewuthoba kakhulu umgangatho wokusebenza kwaso kwixesha lonyaka elilandelayo. 

Susa iincam zemilomo, izikrini, qwalasela iivalvu, iziciko kunye neziqu zemilomo kwindawo ezihlanganiselwa kuzo esiqwini. Faka iindawo zokuhlanganisela ngokuchanekileyo kwiiplagi. 

Coca uze uhlambulule iincam zemilomo, iziqu zemilomo uze uqwalasele neevalvu. Zigcine kwisiphathi esiphawulweyo. Gcina iivalvu zoqwalaselo kwindawo yobushushu begumbi kwithuba lasebusika ukuthintela ukonakala okunokubangwa ngamaqondo akubushushu bomkhenkce. 

Susa zonke iigeyiji zoxinzelelo uze ufake iziciko kwimingxuma ekwisitshizi. Gcina iigeyiji apho zingasayi kuba sesichengeni sokukhenkca okanye sokonakala. 

Ekugqibeleni, jikelezisa isinqandi-kukhenkca kwisitshizi nakuzo zonke iindawo zamanzi, kubandakanywa ii-boom, iivalvu, imibhobho enemilomo emininzi, ii-metre zomqukuqelo kunye nemijelo ephixanayo/ebuyisayo. Vumela isinqandi-kukhenkca ukujikeleza kwimibhobho ye-boom. Oku kuya kwenza iimaleko kumphakathi wombhobho ukuthintela ukoma nokucandeka. Ukufaka iziciko kuyo yonke imilomo ye-boom kuya kunceda ukugcina isichasi-kukhenkca kwisixokelelwano, kodwa kusenokufuneka ukuba uvule umlomo omnye okanye emibini ukuvumela isinqandi-kukhenkca ukuba sijikeleze kuyo yonke i-boom. Faka iziciko kuloo milomo xa isinqandi-kukhenkca sesizalise sonke isixokelelwano. 

Injongo yebakala lokugcina kukuba isinqandi-kukhenkca masityhalele ngaphandle amanzi ayintsalela anokuba kwisixokelelwano nokwaleka zonke iinxalenye zesitshizi. Vumela isinqandi-kukhenkca ukuhlala empompeni nakwiivalvu ukuthintela ukurusa nokonakala okunokubangwa ngumoya ofumileyo obambeke kwisixokelelwano. Njengoko ezinye izixhobo ziyisusa impompo phambi kokugcinwa kwayo, ukufakwa kweevalvu zokunqanda ukugqitha kuwo omabini amacala empompo kunokuyiphumeza le nkqubo. 

Isinqandi-kukhenkca sezithuthi zokuzihlaziya (RV's) sikholisa ukusetyenziselwa ukugcina izitshizi zezolimo. Ngokuchasene nezinqandi-kukhenkca ezizihambela ngokuzenzekela, asinatyhefu ingako ezilwanyaneni. Nangona iimveliso ezininzi zesinqandi-kukhenkca se-RV zijiya okwejeli phantsi kweemeko ezibanda kakhulu, zona akulindelekanga ukuba zikhenkce. Naxa kunjalo, yiba soloko uyifunda ileyibhile yesinqandi-kukhenkca ukuqinisekisa ukuba siya kukwazi ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko zakho zasebusika. 

Ngoku njengoko isitshizi sicociwe, sasuswa ukungcoliseka saza salungiselelwa ubusika, sikulungele ukugcinwa. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukugcinwa ngaphakathi kwamasango, kude nokuxhatshazwa kwezixhobo kuko okucetyiswayo. Kodwa nayiphi indawo yangaphakathi kwamasango oyikhethayo mayibe kude kulwelo nakwizichumiso ezomileyo. Uthuli kunye nentsalela evela kwezi mveliso inokukhuthula ipeyinti nesakhiwo esikwisitshizi. 

Ukuba akunamnqweno wokusebenzisa indlela yokugcina yesinqandi-kukhenkca, yinto elungileyo ukususa impompo yesitshizi usigcine eshedini de kube lixesha elilandelayo lonyaka. Kaninzi, amanzi asala empompeni ukuze ngethuba leenyanga zasebusika ezibandayo; amanzi asempompeni abe ngumkhenkce aze enze amathanda empompeni – ziyenze ibe yinto engenakusetyenziswa. 





