Crop (Maize)										Xhosa

I-inshorensi yezityalo – ulawulo lomngcipheko kwezolimo

Imiyalelo: 

Folio strap: I-inshorensi

Byline: Ulwazi lufunyenwe kwincwadi yoqoqosho yomsebenzi wemveliso yombona osowukwibanga eseliphambili kunye nentengiso



UMzantsi Afrika lilizwe apho ama-90% ommandla wethu womhlaba uhlelwa njengomhlaba obharhileyo okanye ophantse ukubharhileyo. Umsebenzi wokulima wenziwa phandle ngaphandle kwaxa ukunkcenkcesha kunako ukwenzeka, umsebenzi wokuvelisa uxhomekeke kwiimeko zemozulu – imvula, ukukhanya kwelanga, iqabaka, ikhephu, isichotHo nemimoya. Kubalulekile ukuba umvelisi ngamnye athathele ingqalelo imozulu neminye imingcipheko kumsebenzi wemveliso ophathekayo.



Umsebenzi wokufama lishishini kwaye ishishini liya kuphila kuphela kwithuba elide xa iinzuzo zifumaneka ngonyaka ngamnye, xa kusakhiwa imithombo elondoloziweyo yeshishini. Inzuzo ayinakuqinisekiswa kwaye isigqibo sotyalomali kulo naliphi ishishini lezolimo sisekwa kuvavanyo lwayo yonke imingcipheko ebandakanyeka kumsebenzi wemveliso.



Imingcipheko enokuthathelwa ingqalelo kumsebenzi wemveliso

Ukufaneleka komhlaba neziseko zokuqala ezikhoyo;

 Inqanaba lokulondoloza ngezixhobo ukuqinisekisa imveliso yexesha elifanelekileyo;

Iimeko zemozulu ngokuthathela ingqalelo imvula elindelekileyo yesiqhelo, iimbalela, iimvula ezigqithisileyo, ingqele, iqabaka, isiganeko sesichotho kwindawo thile yomsebenzi wokufama nezoyikiso zomlilo kunye nezinye izinto;

Ubukho bemali eyinkunzi ukuze kulondolozeke imveliso;

Amava okulawula omnini-fama okanye umphathi;

Ukugula okanye ukwenzakala kobuqu bomsebenzi wasefama;

Imingcipheko ngezinto ezilixabiso ezinxulumene nobusela, umlilo, ilahleko okanye ukonakala kwezixhobo zokusebenza neziseko zokuqala;

Ukucingela isivuno esiya kubakho kwangethuba langaphambili;

Ukucingeleka kwamaxabiso emveliso; kananjalo

Ukuqiqa ngesakhono semithombo yemveliso.



Iindlela ezisisiseko zokulawula umngcipheko

Nciphisa amathuba esiganeko esibi. Ithuba lesiphumo esibi linokuncitshiswa ngokukhetha iintlobo zemihlanganisela ezingaphezu komnye, izityalo ezingaphezu kwesinye, ukunabisaa imveliso ngokwelizwe nangokubeka ixabiso lesityalo elisisigxina.

Shenxisa umngcipheko ngokuthatha ukhuselo lweinshorensi nesibhambathiso saphambi kwexesha.

Nciphisa okanye phungula umngcipheko ngokucutha amandla eempembelelo xa isiphumo esibi sinokuthi senzeke ngenene.





I-inshorensi njengesixhobo sokwabelana ngomngcipheko

Umgaqo-siseko weinshorensi njengesixhobo sokwabelana ngomngcipheko lulwamkelo lwezavenga ezifanelekileyo ezivela kubaxhasi abaninzi, onika isakhono kwiqumrhu leinshorensi ukuba liqukanise ndawonye imingcipheko. Iqumrhu leinshorensi liya kusebenzisa ulwazi ngesantya nobuzaza bezicelo ukuze kusekwe izavenga kumanqanaba aya kwenza ukuba iqhumrhu likwazi ukuhlawula izicelo ngokwesixa esingumrhumo wesiqhelo kodwa kushiywe umda weendleko zokwenza umsebenzi nokufumana iinzuzo. Ngokufutshane, iqumrhu leinshorensi lithatha izavenga kubo bonke abaxhasi, ukuze likwazi ukuhlawula umonakalo owenzeke kwindawo ethile. 



Naxa kunjalo, i-inshorensi ikholisa ukuba nomtsalane kuphela kubavelisi abasesichengeni esibi kananjalo nangemingcipheko exhalabisa ngokwaneleyo ukuze kuhlawulwe isavenga esilingana, esithe chatha ngokokubaluleka, kunelahleko elindelekileyo ngaphandle kweinshorensi. Imingcipheko emincinci nekulula ukuyifumana ikholisa ukungafakwa kwi-inshorensi xa kuthelekiswa naleyo emikhulu enokusuba ubukho bokuqhuba kwefama okanye ukuphila kwabanini bazo, zona zikholisa ukufakwa phantsi kweinshorensi. Uluhlu oluhlanganiselweyo lweemveliso luyafumaneka ukuze kufumaneke ukhuselo lwemingcipheko eyahluka-hlukileyo neentlekele ezifumaneka kwezolimo ziphelele.



I-inshorensi inokuthathelwa ukukhusela iziganeko ezilandelayo



Isichotho

Iilahleko zezityalo zenziwa kukutshatyalaliswa kweendawo ezithile zesityalo okanye kwisityalo siphelele okungabonwayo ngamehlo nokubonakala cacileyo. Iilahleko ezichatshazelweyo zibandakanya imbewu/iinkozo ezikhutshelwe ngaphandle, iindawo ezikhulayo zezityalo ezithi zitshabalale, amagqabi atshatyalaliswa kukuhlubuka okanye kukusuka ngokungaphelelanga okanye ngokupheleleyo nangumonakalo wesichotho kwizikhondo eziphakathi okanye kwizikhondo ezikrwelekileyo, eziqhekekileyo okanye ezisukileyo. I-inshorensi yesichotho ibaluleke ngakumbi kwimveliso yengqolowa, nakujongilanga nakoojongilanga kumabakala akwangoko.



Umoya

Umonakalo oyelele kulowo wesichotho, ofana nowembewu/iinkozo eziphephethekayo namagqabi nezikhondo ezi qhekekileyo, uyakhuselwa. Njengakuhlolo lomonakalo wesichotho, umonakalo obonakalayo kwisakhiwo okanye ukutshatyalaliswa ziimpembelelo zomoya kwiindawo ezithile zesityalo okanye isityalo siphelele, nako kuyakhuselwa.



Kuthutho

Umonakalo owenzeka kwiimveliso xa zithuthwa emva kokuvuna ukusuka emasimini aphantsi kokhuselo lweinshorensi ngenxa yomlilo, ukungqubana nokuphethuka kwezithuthi nako kukhuselwe. Ukhuselo, nangona kunjalo, lusikelwe umda we 100 km radiyasi ukusuka efama apho iimveliso ziveliswe khona.



Imvula egqithisileyo

Zizityalo ezithile kuphela, ezifana nengqolowa kunye neediliya, ezifakwe phantsi kokhuselo lwelahleko lodidi lwesivuno ngenxa yemvula egqithisileyo ngethuba lebakala lokuvuthwa kwezi zityalo.



Umlilo

Umonakalo wezityalo ezithile ngenxa yomlilo ongalawulekiyo uphantsi kokhuselo. Ophantsi kokhuselo kufuneka ukuba abe ulandele imiyalelo yesizwe malunga nokusekwa kwezithinteli zomlilo ukuze alufanele ukhuselo lweinshorensi.



Iqabaka

Iilahleko ezifumaneke ngenxa yeqabaka (umonakalo wengqele), kubandakanywa usasazo lomgubo we-pollen xa i-stamen, iziqu zamagqabi, izikhondo kunye namagqabi ebulewe yiqabaka, nazo ziba phantsi kokhuselo. Iimpembelo ezinamandla ezenzekayo kwisivuno sesityalo zihlalutywa ngokuxilonga okubonakala kwizakhiwo zezityalo. Umonakalo ongabonakaliyo, ofana nokukhula okubambezelekayo ngenxa yengqele, awubikho phantsi kokhuselo.



Igalelo

Iqela lemingcipheko engasoloko ibonakala kwaye inokubalwa ibekwa ngokwamaqela phantsi kolu khuselo. Imingcipeko ekhuselekayo ibandakanya imbalela, ngaphandle kwezityalo ezilinywa phantsi konkcenkcesho, izinambuzane ezitshabalalisa izityalo ezingalawulekiyo, isichotho, umoya, iqabaka, njl.njl. Ngamanye amazwi, ngolu hlobo lokhuselo, umvelisi unikwa ukhuselo kwiziqalelo zendalo ezingalawulekiyo.



Ndingalufumana njani uncedo?

Inkoliso yeebhanki zorhwebo kananjalo namashishini ezolimo aziiarhente zeinshorensi – fumana icebiso emntwini omaziyo onokumthemba. QINISEKA UKUBA UFUNDA USHICILELO OLUCOSELELWEYO KUBHAMBATHISO UKUZE UNGAMANGALISWA EMVA KWETHUBA.

