UMPHANDLE
UBOMI BAKHO
IMIBA
USHICILELO
IZALATHISO
URHULUMENTE
IITHENDA
IMISEBENZI
Malunga
Qhagamshelana
Uncedo
Funa nzulu
Umphandle
Izalathiso
Uluhlu Lweenkcazelo: U
ULUHLU LWEENKCAZELO: U
Ubalo Lwabantu - Ezi zizifundo ezisesikweni ngamanani abemi beli lizwe, nto leyo yenziwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu. Ubalo lonyaka ka-2000 lwabonisa ukuba kukho malunga nama-44.8 ezigidi zabantu eMzantsi Afrika.
Ubudlelwane Bamazwe Ngamazwe - Ukusebenzisana nokuthetha-thethana namanye amazwe. Oku ke kuyazichaphazela iintengiso phakathi kwamazwe ngamazwe kwanobudlelwane bezopolitiko.
Ubugcisa Bendalo - Ukusetyenziselwa ushishino kobugcisa kwizidalwa eziphilayo okanye iimveliso zazo okanye iinkqubo zokudala izixhobo, imveliso neenkonzo ezintsha.
Ubugcisa Bolwazi Nonxibelelwano (i-ICT) - Obu bubugcisa, iimveliso neenkonzo ezibandakanyekayo ekwenziweni kwemiboniso, ekulungisweni, ekugcinweni nasekuguqulweni kolwazi olufumaneka kwikhompyutha.
Ubukhoboka - Eli ligunya elisemthethweni elikuvumela ukuba usebenzise umhlaba womnye umntu ngaphandle kokuhlawula irente. Umzekelo, ungalifumana igunya emthethweni elikuvumela ukuba ukhe amanzi kwidama okanye elikumhlaba womnye umntu.
Ubundlobongela Basekhaya - Naluphi na uhlobo lobundlobongela okanye lwempatho-mbi kubudlelwane basekhaya, kuquka nokuphathwa gadalala ngokwasenyameni, ngokwesondo, ngokuhlutshwa emphefumlweni, ngokungxolelwa nangeentetho ezingamkelekiyo, ngokuhlutshwa kwengqondo nangokuphathwa gadalala ngokoqoqosho.
Ubungakanani Babemi Besizwe - ukwahlulwa kwesizwe sibalwe ngokweminyaka yobudala bomntu, isini, ubuhlanga, ingeniso nokunye.
Ubuqhetseba - Oku kukuxokiselwa okanye ukulahlekiswa komntu othile okumenza loo mntu aphulukane nokukokwakhe, ingakumbi izibonelelo zemali.
Ubutyebi
YAYAMENE
Ucalu-calulo Ngokobuhlanga - "ukwahlukana", umgaqo-nkqubo kaRhulumente wombutho iNational Party eMzantsi Afrika ukusukela ngonyaka ka-1948 ukuya ngo-1994. URhulumente wazama ukugcina abemi boMzantsi Afrika beziintlanga ezahlukene ngokobuhlanga ngokunyanzelisa ukuba bahlale kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo, bafunde kwizikolo ezahlukeneyo, njalo-njalo. Abantu abamhlophe babethatyathwa njengolona hlanga lubalulekileyo.
UCeba - Lo ngummeli owonyuliweyo kwinqanaba likarhulumente wedolophu olilungu lebhunga likamaspala okanye lesixeko.
Ucwangciso Kusetyenziswa Iqhinga - Le yinkqubo yesicwangciso equka ukutyunjwa kweenjongo zombutho (iimbono, amaphupha neenjongo zayo), ukuba ungazizuza njani ezo njongo (izicwangciso zeentshukumo) nokuba uza kuzifumanisa njani iimpumelelo zawo.
Udendo - Oku kukupheliswa kwesivumelwano sokusebenza kwabaqeshwa ukuze kuphungulwe iindleko zokuqhuba ishishini okanye umbutho. Abaqeshwa ke ngokwesiqhelo badla ngokufumana imbuyekezo yezimali.
UGqirha Wesithili - Lo ngugqirha wombuso ohlanganisa ubungqina bamatyala enkundla ze anyange nabantu abagcinwe kumaziko ombuso. UGqirha Wesithili lo uya kuhlola abo badlwenguliweyo ze anyange namabanjwa.
Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali - Le yingqikelelo okanye ukuqashela okuqeqeshelweyo ngengeniso nenkcitho yelizwe, umbutho okanye umsebenzi othile. Enye yeendlela amaqumrhu karhulumente ekufuneka enikezele ngazo ingxelo ngokusetyenziswa kwezimali lolu hlalo lwabiwo-mali.
Ukhuseleko Lokutya - Oku kukufumana indlela eya kwizibonelelo zokutya ezizizo nezinokukugcina.
Ukhuseleko Lwengqina - La ngamanyathelo athatyathwayo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomntu ekulindeleke ukuba aye kunikezela ubungqina enkundleni nowoyikisela ukuba mhlawumbi ngenxa yoko angonzakaliswa.
Ukubhanga - Kukuphelelwa yimali. Apha kuxa umntu engenakho ukumelana nokuhlawula amatyala akhe nditsho naxa sele ethengise yonke impahla yakhe.
Ukubolekisa Ngeemali Ezincinci - Olu lushishino lokuboleka abantu iimali ezincinci, ngokwesiqhelo ke ngamazinga aphezulu enzala.
Ukubuyisela Kwimo Yesiqhelo - Le yinkqubo yokubuyisela umntu kwimpilo eyiyo ngokuthi anikwe unyango.
Ukubuyiselwa Kwilizwe Lokuzalwa
YAYAMENE
Abantu Abafudukele Kwilizwe Ngokungekho Mthethweni (Glossary)
Ukudluliselwa Komntwana Kubanye Abazali - Ukudluliselwa komntwana kubanye abazali njengomntwana wabo omtsha yindlela yokuphelisa ubudlelwane obusemthethweni phakathi kwaloo mntwana nabazali bakhe bemvelo. Oku kudluliselwa kudala ubudlelwane obutsha obungqinwa nangumthetho phakathi komntwana nabazali bakhe abatsha.
Ukudluliselwa Kweenkonzo Zikarhulumente Kumashishini Abucala - Apho iinkonzo zoluntu, ezifana nokubonelelwa ngombane, zithengiselwa iinkampani zabucala.
Ukufakwa Kophawu - Olu luphawu olutshiselwa kwisikhumba sesilwanyana ukubonisa ukuba sesomfama othile. Ukwenziwa kwale nkangeleko yokwahlula eso silwanyana kwezinye kwenzelwa ukucacisa ukuba sayamene nayiphi na imveliso, inkonzo okanye umbutho.
Ukufikeleleka Kumntu Wonke - Ukufikeleleka kwe-internet kumntu wonke, kuquka nabantu ababesakuhleleleka ngaphambili kwakunye nabo bakhubazekileyo.
Ukufudukela Kwelinye Ilizwe - Oku kukufudukela kwelinye ilizwe ngeenjongo zokuba ngummi walo isigxina.
Ukufukamisa - Oku kukugcinwa kweentsana ezisanda kuzalwa (ingakumbi ezizelwe phambi kwexesha), kwiindawo eziphantsi kweliso elibanzi lolawulo, apho iqondo lobushushu, elokufuma, kwanelo lomoya wokuphefumla linokugcinwa kwawona maqondo angcono ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana lowo ukhula ngendlela efanelekileyo.
Ukugcinwa Komntwana - Ukufumana umntwana uhlale naye ze uvunyelwe nokuba umkhulise ze umqeqeshe.
Ukugcinwa Kukhuliswe Umntwana Okwexeshana - Oku ke kukugcinwa nokukhuliswa kwabantwana abangenazintsapho okanye abangakwazi kuhlala neentsapho zabo. La ke ayiqhelanga kuba ngamalungiselelo asisigxina njengoko umntwana lo egcinwa ixesha eliyimnyaka emibini.
Ukugcwaliswa Komhlaba - Oku kukuphuhliswaq komhlaba kwiingingqi ezingenabantu baninzi kwisixeko ukuze kungene nabanye abantu bakwazi ukungena. Oku kunika abantu ithuba lokufumana indawo yokuhlala kwingingqi esele ifumana iinkonzo (umbane, amanzi, ezozceko).
Ukugcwaliswa Kweedolophu - Apha kuxa abantu beshiya iindawo ezisemaphandleni ukuya kwiingingqi ezisezidolophini. Umzekelo, xa abantu beshiya iifama besiya kuhlala ezixekweni ukuya kuzama kukhangela amathuba emisebenzi.
Ukugxothwa Ngendlela Engamkelekanga - Oku kukupheliswa kwengqesho ngendlela engekho mthethweni. Apho umqashi agxotha umqashwa ngaphandle kwesizathu esibambekayo okanye ngaphandle kokulandela iinkqubo ezimiselwe ngumthetho.
Ukugxothwa Ngokukhawuleza - Oku kukupheliswa komsebenzi ngaphandle kokwaziswa kwangexesha elifanelekileyo.
Ukuhlalisana - Kukuhlala kunye kwikhaya elinye.
Ukuhlasela Ngemibuzo - Le yindlela yenkundla apho omnye kwelo tyala akuhlaba imibuzo ngeentetho nobungqina bakho.
Ukuhlolwa Kokukhula Kwabantwana - Oku kukuhlolwa kwempilo yabantwana abancinci ukufumanisa ukuba bakhula ngendlela eqhelekileyo neyamkelekileyo na.
Ukuhlolwa Kwefuthe kwindalo Engqongileyo - Le yingxelo ngefuthe iphulo lophuhliso elisayilwayo eliya kuba nalo kwindalo engqongileyo.
Ukuhlupheka Komphefumlo - Oku kukuhlupheka komphefumlo okanye kwengqondo, okusoloko kukhokelela ekukhubekeni okanye ekonzakaleni okanye kumngcipheko wobundlobongela okanye wentlekele.
Ukukhubazeka Okwethutyana - Lo ngumonzakalo okanye ukonzakala okukuvalelayo ukuba wenze izinto ezithile kangangethuba elithile kodwa okunokuphila okanye kunyangwe ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ukukhula Komntwana Oselula - Ukukhula komzimba, kwengqondo, kwengcinga, kwendlela yokuthetha noluntu kwanendlela yenkolo yomntwana oqala esizalweni ukuya kwiminyaka elithoba.
Ukukhutshwa Kwamachiza - Le yinkqubo yonyango ephantsi kweliso lomsebenzi wezempilo eyenzelwe ukukhutshwa kwamachiza anxilisayo emzimbeni (afana neziyobisi notywala).
Ukukhutshwa Kwamazinyo - Oku kukukhutshwa kwamazinyo ngugqirha.
Ukulawula Inguqu - Le yinkqubo esetyenziselwa ukulawula indlela ekuqiniswekiswa ngayo ukuba inguqu iyenzeka futhi iyabonakala kurhulumente nakushishino.
Ukulima Nokufuya Ngeemveliso Zendalo - Oku kukulima okanye ukufuya apho kusetyenziswa kuphela izichumisi, izibulali-zinambuzane kwakunye nezakhi-mzimba zendalo. Iincindi zamadlala kwakunye namachiza okuhlanganisa awasetyenziswa tu.
Ukulungela Isikolo - Apha kuxa umntwana ethatyathwa njengolungele ukuqala esikolweni ngokomzimba nangokwasengqondweni.
Ukumelwa Ngokwenani Leevoti Zeqela Elithile - Le yindlela karhulumente apho inani lezihlalo ezifunyenwe liqela elithile lopolitiko epalamente lilingana nenani leevoti ezifunyenwe lelo qela kulonyulo. Le nkqubo yahlukile kwindlela apho umntu okanye iqela eliphumelele kwinginqi nganye lifumana isihlalo epalamente.
Ukumiselwa Kwemivuzo - Le yimimiselo echaza ukuba imivuzo ithini na kwicandelo elithile loshishino.
Ukuncedwa Ngezimali Ziindawo Ezahlukeneyo - Oku kukusebenzisa imali ephuma kwenye inkonzo okanye kwelinye iSebe ukuhlawula iindleko zenye inkonzo okanye elinye iSebe.
Ukungachumi - Oku kukungabi nakufumana bantwana.
Ukungafani Kwemithambo Yemfuzo - Oku kukungafani kwemithambo yemfuzo kwakwisidalwa esinye. Ukungafani kwale mithambo yemfuzo kuvumela eso sidalwa ukuba simelane nokutshintsha kweemeko.
Ukungakhathali - Oku kukungakwazi ukwenza into ngononophelo njengoko kufanele, hayi njengokuba umntu onengqondo ebenokwenza.
Ukungalingani Ngezibonelelo - Lo ngumsantsa phakathi kwamazwe nezizwe ezizingca ngokuba nobuxhaka-xhaka bobugcisa bonxibelelwano kwanezo zingenabo.
Ukungcakaza Ngendlela Enengqiqo - Oku kukubheja ngendlela ekunika isazela nekumgangatho wokucinga ngendlela ehlakaniphileyo ukuze ungarhurhi okanye uzifake kwiinzima zemali ngenxa yokungcakaza.
Ukungenelela - Le yinkqubo yokusombulula imbambano. Umntu wesithathu uye acelwe ukuba aze kuphula-phule amacala omabini ebali ze enze isigqibo.
Ukungenisa - Kukwenza imiboniso ngomlomo okanye ngokuyibhala phantsi kumba othile.
Ukungondleki - Le yindlela yokutya engalunganga apho umntu atya ukutya okungenazo ezinye izakhi-mzimba ezifunekayo ukuze kuphilwe.
Ukungquzulana Kweemfuno - Le yimeko apho iimfuno zakho njengomntu zikungquzulwano neemfuno zomsebenzi wakho. Umzekelo, apho umntu alilungu lekomiti yeethenda kodwa abe enezabelo kwinkampani efaka isicelo sethenda yokuqhuba iphulo elithile.
Ukunikezela Ngomkhomba-ndlela - Le yinkqubo apho umntu onolwazi namava anikezela ngomkhomba-ndlela kumntu onolwazi namava angafikelelanga kwawakhe. Umzekelo, xa usomashishini ophumeleleyo enikezela ngeengcebiso nomkhomba-ndlela kumntu osaqala elakhe ishishini.
Ukunikezelwa Kwamathuba Kubantu Abathile - Lo ngumgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente ye-affirmative action okhuthaza amasebe namaqumrhu karhulumente ukuba athenge iimveliso neenkonzo kubantu okanye amashishini awayesakuhleleleka ngaphambili.
Ukunqanda Urhwaphilizo - Le yindlela yokunqanda urhwaphilizo ze kudalwe ukulingana kwamagunya phakathi kwecandelo lolawulo, lowiso-mthetho nelomthetho weenkundla likarhulumente.
Ukunyuka Kwamaxabiso - Oku kukunyuka okugciniweyo kwiqondo elithile kwamaxabiso. Oku kunyuka kubalwa ngokweepesenti eziyitshintshi kwisikhundla samaxabiso abathengi.
Ukuphendula kwamagosa aseburhulumenteni - Amagosa olawulo karhulumente kufuneka aphendule kwipalamente nakubemi beli ngemisebenzi yabo, ngendlela yentando yesininzi nethobela umgaqo-siseko kwaye kufuneka bephendule nangemisebenzi abayinikwe yimithetho yeli.
Ukuphuhlisa Izakhono - Esi sisicwangciso-qhinga sokuphuhlisa izakhono zamagosa nabasebebenzi baseburhulumenteni.
Ukuqhawulwa Komtshato - Oku kukupheliswa ngokusemthethweni komtshato.
Ukuqinisekiswa Komgangatho - Oku kukujonga-jongana nenkqubo eqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wemveliso okanye wenkonzo ukwinqanaba eliphakamileyo nelamkelekileyo.
Ukusetyenziswa Koomatshini - Apha kuxa oomatshini nezinye iinkqubo ezihamba ngoomatshini zithatha indawo yabasebenzi abangabantu.
Ukushushubezwa Kwehlabathi - Apha kuthethwa ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kwimo-zulu yehlabathi okubangelwa lifuthe le-greenhouse.
Ukususwa Kwezithintelo - Oku kukususwa kwezithintelo kwanolawulo lukarhulumente olwenza kube nzima ukufumana inkqubela okanye impumelelo.
Ukusweleka Ngaphandle Komyolelo
YAYAMENE
Ukusweleka Ushiye Umyolelo
YAYAMENE
Ukuthatyathwa Komhlaba Ngendlovu - Apho abantu bakha kumhlaba ngokungekho mthethweni ngeenjongo zokuhlala kuwo isigxina.
Ukuthatyathwa Kwenxaxheba Luluntu - Le yinkqubo evumela uluntu ekuhlaleni ukuba luze nezimvo zalo ze lube nenxaxheba oluyidlalayo ekuthatyathweni kwezigqibo.
Ukuthelekiswa Kweendleko Nengeniso - Le yindlela yokuthelekisa iindleko nemingcipheko yephulo nengeniso enokuba ziziphumo zelo phulo.
Ukuthuma - Oku ke kukudlulisela uxanduva okanye ukunikezelwa komsebenzi kumntu onamagunya amancinci kunawe ukuze awenze egameni lakho.
Ukutofa/Ukugonya - Oku kukuhlatywa kwenaliti, inkqubo yokuhlaba abantu inaliti yokubakhusela kwizigulo, nto leyo ebenza bakwazi ukumelana futhi baxhathise ekosulelekeni zizigulo ezithile.
Ukutshatyalaliswa Kwamahlathi - Oku kukutshentulwa nokutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi nezinye izivuno.
Ukutyalwa Kwezimali Ngamazwe Angaphandle - Olu lutyalo-mali olwenziwe kuMzantsi Afrika ngabantu bamazwe angaphandle. Oku ke kuzisa imali kweli lizwe.
Ukuvalelwa Ngaphandle - Xa umqeshi enqanda abasebenzi bakhe ukuba bangene kwindawo yokusebenzela ngokuthi abavalele ngaphandle ukubanyanzela ukuba bathabathe isigqibo.
Ukuvula Ityala - Kukuthabatha amanyathelo okusa umba othile kwinkundla ukuze iwuchophele.
Ukuyeka Ukuba Sexesheni Ngenxa Yobudala - Eli lixesha ebomini bomntu wasetyhini, ngokwesiqhelo amakhosikazi aphakathi kwamashumi amane anesihlanu namashumi amahlanu anesihlanu ubudala, apho inkosikazi leyo iyeka ukuba sengceni nalapho iyeka ukuba nakho ukufumana abantwana.
Ukuzidla Ngokuba Ngummi woMzantsi Afrika - Eli liphulo ukuphakamisa iimveliso neenkonzo eziveliswe kweli. Iinkampani zeli zingabhalisa kweli phulo ze ziveze uphawu lweProudly South African kwiimveliso zazo nakwizibhengezo zeentengiso zazo.
Ukwahlukana Kweentlobo Zendalo - Iintlobo zendalo yimbumba yezityalo okanye yezilwanyana ezifanayo ukuba zingaphila kunye ze zize nemveliso etyebileyo. Ukwahlukana kweentlobo zendalo kubhekiselele kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwingingqi okanye indawo enezityalo ezithile.
Ukwahlula-hlulwa Ngokwezithili - Le yinkqubo yokwahlula-hlulwa kweengingqi ibe ngamacandelo ahluka-hlukeneyo ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, izithili zoomaspala kwiingingqi ezisezidolophini zinqanda amashishini ukuba asebenze kwiindawo zokuhlala.
Ukwahlulwa Kwamagunya - Oku kukwahlukana phakathi kwamasebe amathathu karhulumente angala: iNdlu Yowiso-mthetho (enoxanduva lokuwisa imithetho), iSebe Lolawulo (eliqinisekisa ukufezeka kweenjongo zikarhulumente kwimithetho) kwaneCandelo leeNkundla (elinyanzelisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho). Ukwahlukana nokungaxhomekeki kwala macandelo elinye kwelinye okunceda ekunqandweni kokusetyenziswa kakubi kwamagunya. Ukuzimela kweSebe ngalinye kuthetha ukulingana kwamagunya nokunqandwa korhwaphilizo okunceda ekunqandeni kokusetyenziswa kakubi kwamagunya. Oku kwahlulwa nokulingana kwamagunya luphawu oluluqilima lolawulo ngentando yesininzi.
Ukwakha Ngokutsha - Oku kukutshintsha ubume okanye iindlela ezithile zokusebenza kwishishini okanye umbutho othile.
Ukwenza Uhlahlo Lwabiwo-mali - Le yinkqubo yokucwangcisa inkcitho kumsebenzi okanye kwinkqubo ethile.
Ukwenza Uqhushululu Eluntwini - Oku kukuziphatha okuphazamisana namalungelo oluntu ekuhlaleni ngokuthi kubangele umonakalo, ukudikwa kwabantu nokuphazamiseka kwindawo yoluntu.
Ukwenzeka Kwentlango - Xa ingingqi ethile iqala ukuba yintlango ngenxa yokuba umhlaba ingakhange ifumane lulawulo lululo okanye ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemo yezulu.
ULawulo Lomthetho - Le yingingqi apho abalawuli banolawulo olusemthethweni okanye nje olunye uhlobo lolawulo kwanemiba enamandla okujongana nayo. Umzekelo, iNkundla kaMantyi inamagunya omthetho kuzo naziphi na iintshukumo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezingembi kakhulu ezenzeke kwingingqi esebenza kuyo.
ULawulo lukaRhulumente Olululo - Le yindlela eyamkelekileyo yolawulo lukarhulumente oluquka ukubandakanywa kwabo balawulwayo, ukumelana noxanduva, ukulawula ngendlela engafihlakelanga, ukuthi ngqo, ukubonakala kwemisebenzi kwanokuhlonitshwa kwemithetho emiselweyo.
ULawulo Lweentengiso Zangaphandle Nezangaphakathi Kweli - La ngamanyathelo athatyathwayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ezingena neziphuma kweli lizwe zikhuselekile futhi zisemthethweni.
Ulawulo Lweentlekele - Le yinkqubo yokujongana neentlekele, ezifana nezikhukula neenyikima. Le nkqubo ibhekiselele kwiintshukumo zokuzinikela ekunqandeni iintlekele ze kuncitshiswe nefuthe lazo eliphazamisayo, ze futhi kuziwe nezisombululo emva kokuba kwenzeke ezi ntlekele, zisombululo ezo zifana noncedo lokunikwa izinto ezikhuselayo.
Ulawulo lwezibonelelo zendalo - Le yinkqubo yokuqinisekisa ukuba izibonelelo zendalo zisetyenziswa gendlela ekwazigcinayo.
ULawulo Ngendlela Evulelekileyo - Lo ngumgaqo-nkqubo wolawulo lukarhulumente olunyanzelisa amagosa ukuba alawule ngendlela evulelekileyo. Le ndlela ibonisa ukuba amagosa karhulumente awananto ayifihlayo futhi zonke izigqibo neentshukumo zingaphendulwa kuluntu jikelele.
ULawulo Ngokomthetho - Lo ngumgaqo womthetho ochaza ukuba wonke umntu kufuneka ahlonele imithetho efanayo. Lo mgaqo ufuna ucace futhi ukwathi imithetho kufuneka inyanzeliswe ngendlela enokulingana, engenamkhethe kwanenamabakala alandelelanayo.
Ulimo olu-Hydroponic - Oku kukulinywa kwezivuno kwimixube yezakhi-mzimba endaweni yomhlaba.
Ulonyulo Lokugcwalisa Isihlalo - Olu lulonyulo olungaphandle kolonyulo-jikelele, oluqhele ukubanjwa xa ummeli obenyuliwe ethe mhlawumbi wasutywa kukufa okanye erhoxile ze kudingeke ukuba kufakwe omnye umntu kweso sihlalo.
Ultra vires - Ngaphandle komthetho. Umzekelo, ukuba igosa laseburhulumenteni lenza ngokungekho mthethweni, oko kuthetha ukuba lenze into engaphaya kwamagunya alo. Elo gosa alinalo igunya okanye ilungelo lokwenza elikwenzileyo.
Uluhlu Lwabavoti - Olu luluhlu lwabavoti ababhalisileyo. Awunakho tu ukuvota ngaphandle kokuba igama lakho liyavela kuluhlu lwabavoti.
Uluntu LwasebuRhulumenteni - Le yimibutho engajonge ngeniso kwanamanye amaziko agcina isithuba sezopolitiko phakathi kwekhaya nombuso. Ingaphandle kwesikhundla esisesikweni sezopolitiko kodwa iye ibe nopolitiko kumaxesha kaxakeka nangamaxesha enguqu.
Ulutsha Olusemngciphekweni - Aba ngabantu abatsha abaneengxaki ezifana nokungasetyenziswa ngendlela kweziyobisi okanye utywala okanye abakungquzulwano nomthetho.
Ulwaluko - Eli lisiko okanye isithethe senkolo sokusikwa kwejwabu. Ngako oko kube kusenziwa lowo usikwayo indoda.
Ulwaphulo-mthetho Ngobugcisa Bonxibelelwano - Le yintshukumo engekho mthethweni ngokusebenzisa ikhompyutha. Iquka ukutshabalalisa ngendlela ebandakanya ikhompyutha, ubuqhetseba norhwaphilizo kwakunye nokufumana ukungena okanye ukungenelela kulwazi oluthile ngaphandle kokufumana amagunya okwenza oko.
ULwimi Lokufunda Nokufundisa - Olu lulwimi olusetyenziselwa ukufunda kwizikolo, olalusakwaziwa njengendlela yokuyalela.
UMaspala Wesithili - Aba ke ngabasemagunyeni kulawulo lokuwisa imithetho kwisithili, sithili eso siquka oomaspala abaliqela. Umzekelo, uMaspala woNxweme lweNtshona wenziwa ngoomaspala abaliqela.
UMbuso - Lo ngurhulumente okanye ilizwe.
UMbutho Ophantsi kweZizwe Ezimanyeneyo Wezemfundo, Wenzululwazi Nenkcubeko - I-UNESCO ngamafutshane kwisiNgesi. Lo ngumbutho woorhulumente ngoorhulumente ojongene nesini, inkcubeko nonxibelelwano, ezemfundo, inzululwazi yendalo kwanenzululwazi yezoluntu neendlela zokuziphatha kwabantu.
Umbutho Wabahlawuli Beenkonzo Zikamaspala - Le yimbumba yabanini bempahla nezindlu abahlalisana kwingingqi ethile ekuhlaleni, futhi abasebenzisanayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaxabiso empahla yabo kunye namalungelo abanini abo bempahla akhuselekile.
UMbutho Wezempilo Wehlabathi - Eli liqumrhu leZizwe Ezimanyeneyo elinikwe uxanduva lokujongana nomsebenzi wamazwe ngamazwe wezempilo ukuphakamisa izinga lempilo libe kowona mgangatho wakha waphezulu kwizizwe zonke.
UMcebisi Kwezomthetho Ongagqibelelanga - Lo ngumcebisi okanye umncedisi kwezomthetho okhe wafumana uqeqesho kwezomthetho kodwa engenaso isidanga sezifundo zomthetho.
Umgangatho Wecandelo leNQF - Le yintetho ethi thaca iziphumo ezilindelekileyo zezifundo okanye zenkqubo yoqeqesho kwanoko kufunekayo ukuze kuphunyelelwe. Sonke isifundo esiza nesidanga seNQF kulindeleke ukuba sibhalise umgangatho welo candelo kwiSAQA, abalawuli beNQF.
Umgangatho Wonaniselwano - Lo ngumahluko kumaxabiso eemali zamazwe ngamazwe. Ukuxelela ukuba kuya kuxabisa malini na ukuthenga imali yelinye ilizwe. Umzekelo, kuya kukudla malunga ne-R7 ukuze ufumane i$1.
UMgaqo-nkqubo - Le yimikhomba-ndlela esesikweni ngokuba kufuneka kufikelelwe njani kwizigqibo eburhulumenteni okanye kufuneka iinkqubo kuqinisekiswe njani ukuba ziyaphunyezwa.
UMgaqo-nkqubo Wentsholongwane kaGawulayo/Gawulayo Emsebenzini - Le yimikhomba-ndlela esesikweni yombutho ngendlela yokulawula nayiphi na imiba enento yokwenza nentsholongwane kaGawulayo/noGawulayo emsebenzini. Lo mgaqo-nkqubo unokuquka imikhomba-ndlela engendlela yokulawula nokunikezela inkxaos kubasebenzi abahlaselwa yile ntsholongwane, indlela yokunqanda ukosuleleka yintsholongwane kaGawulayo emsebenzini nokuba bangakhuthazwa njani na abasebenzi baziyele kuvavanyo neengcebiso ngale ntsholongwane.
UMgaqo-nkqubo Wezimali - Leyimikhomba-ndlela nemithetho echaza ukuba urhulumente uza kuzichitha njani na iimali zakhe.
UMgaqo-siseko - Owona mthetho mkhulu eMzantsi Afrika, olu xwebhu luthi thaca imigaqo esisisekelo ekulawulwa ngayo eli lizwe. Uqulethe uMqulu Wamalungelo ze idize elubala amaqumrhu namagunya karhulumente wesizwe, abamaphondo nabeedolophu.
UMgcini Womntwana - Lo ngumntu onegunya elisemthethweni lokugcina umntwana . Lo mntu ingangumzali walo mntwana okanye omnye nje umntu oqeshelwe oko yinkundla.
Umhamba-hambi - Lo ngumntu oquqa ebuyelela kuloo ngingqi. Umzekelo, igoduka ngumntu ophangela kude lee nekhaya lakhe kodwa obuya rhoqo emva kwesithuba sexesha elithile.
UMhlali Osisigxina - Lo ngumntu ongeyonzalelwane okanye ummi weli lizwe futhi ongenayo incwadana yesazisi yaseMzantsi Afrika kodwa onikwe imvume yokuhlala kweli lizwe isigxina.
Umhlawuli-rhafu Wamaxesha Athile - Eli ke lishishini okanye umntu ongayihlawuli nyanga nanyanga irhafu koko oyihlawula amatyeli amabini okanye amathathu enyakeni.
UMhlaza Wesibeleko
YAYAMENE
UMkhosi Wokhuselo Wesizwe soMzantsi Afrika (iSANDF ngamafutshane) - Le yimikhosi exhobileyo yoMzantsi Afrika, kuqukwa amajoni omkhosi, amajoni asemanzini kwanamajoni asemoyeni.
UMkhuseli Wabathengi - Eli ligosa laseburhulumenteni elinoxanduva lokujongana nezikhalazo zabathengi.
UMkhuseli Woluntu - Eli liziko elimiselwe nguMgaqo-siseko nelinikwe uxanduva lokuphanda izikhalazo zorhwaphilizo kwaneentshukum ezingekho mthethweni ngamagosa aseburhulumenteni okanye abo basebenzela umbuso.
UMkomishinala - Umntu okhokela iKomishoni Yophando, okanye umntu othabatha izigqibo ngamatyala kwiNkundla Yamabango Amancinci, okanye ke esi sisishunqulelo soMkomishinala Wezifungo.
UMkomishinala Wentlalo-ntle Yabantwana - Lo ngumntu onikwe igunya lokuthabatha izigqibo ezisemthethweni ngendlela abantwana abadingayo emabangaphathwe ngayo.
UMkomishinala Wezifungo - Lo ngumntu onokuqinisekisa ukuba intetho ethile yenziwa ngumntu ekwakufuneka eyenzile ngokuthabatha isigqibo esifungelweyo okanye umntu onokuqinisekisa ukuba iikopi zeempepha ezithile zenziwe kwezo zokwenyani futhi zizezoqobo. Umzekelo, igosa lasebupoliseni, unoposi kunye nomphathi webhanki.
UMlamli - Lo ngumntu olamla asombulule imiba yomntu othe wasutywa kukufa ze aqinisekise ukuthotyelwa komyolelo welifa.
UMlawuli Wezotshutshiso Loluntu - Le yintloko yezotshutshiso kweli Phondo, unikezela amatyala kumtshutshisi woMbuso ngamnye. UMlawuli Wezotshutshiso Loluntu eNtshona Koloni nguFrank Kahn.
Umnini-shishini - Umntu oqala ishishini. Lo mntu umelana nokuba phantsi komngcipheko wokuwa kwelo shishini ngethemba lokuba liza kuphumelela.
Umntu Ofudukele Kwelinye Ilizwe - Lo ngumntu ofudukele kwelinye ilizwe ngeenjongo zokuba ngummi welo lizwe.
Umntu Ongowokuqala Ekunikezeleni Ngononophelo - Lo ngumntu onolona xanduva ekukhathaleleni umntwana othile.
Umntu Onyanga Izigulo Zomzimba Nezengqondo - Lo ngumntu onceda izigulane ukuba ziphile ngokwasenyameni nangokwasengqondweni ngokuthi azenzise iintshukumo zobuchule nezinemveliso.
Umntu Oxhomekekileyo - Lo ngumntu oxhomekeke komnye umntu ngenkxaso yezimali. Umzekelo, umntwana uxhomekeke kubazali bakhe.
Umntwana - Lo ngumntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka engamashumi amabini ananye ubudala futhi ongathatyathwa njengomntu omdala ngokupheleleyo ngumthetho.
UMphathi Oyintloko (iCEO) - Lo ngoyena mphathi mkhulu ngokwamagunya kwinkampani okanye umbutho, onoxanduva lokujongana nayo yonke imisebenzi yenkampani, ntsuku nantsuku.
UMphathiswa weKhabhinethi - Ilungu lePalamente elikhethelwe ukuba noxanduva lokujongana neSebe elithile kulawulo oluyintloko, umzekelo mhlawumbi uMphathiswa wezeMfundo.
UMqulu Wamalungelo - Isahluko 2 soMgaqo-siseko sithi thaca amalungelo angundoqo onwatyelwa ngabemi boMzantsi Afrika bonke. Esi sahluko sikwathi thaca neemeko ezibalekayo apho la malungelo anokungahlonelwa.
UMsebenzi Kwezempilo Ongagqibelelanga - Lo ngumntu oqeqeshelwe ukunikezela ngoncedo lwempilo olungxamisekileyo kodwa ongengomntu ufundele ubugqirha.
Umsebenzi Wasekhaya - Lo ngumntu ohlawulelwa ukusebenza kwindlu yomnye umntu, kuquka nomsebenzi wasesitiyeni, umqhubi, umgcini-khaya, umcoci nomntu ojongene nabantwana.
Umsebenzi Wezempilo Ekuhlaleni - Lo ngumntu ophakamayo azinikele ekuncedeni uluntu ekuhlaleni kwimiba yezempilo.
Umthetho Ocacileyo - Lo ngumthetho obusoloko uzibonakalisa ngokwezigqibo zeenkundla kumatyala athile, hayi umthetho ofumaneka kwimithetho ewiswe yipalamente. Umzekelo, akukho mthetho uthi ukubulala lulwaphulo-mthetho. Ngoko ke ukubulala lulwaphulo-mthetho lwalo mthetho uzicaceleyo.
UMthetho Osayilwayo - Umthetho osesendleleni yokwenziwa kodwa ongekawiswa yipalamente yesizwe okanye yephondo.
Umthetho wemvelo wase-Afrika - Le yimithetho yemvelo nenkcubeko yezizwe zase-Afrika.
uMthetho wePalamente - Lo ngumthetho owiswe yipalamente yesizwe okanye yephondo. Amalungu ePalamente ayavota kumthetho osayilwayo, obizwa ngokuba yiBill.
Umtshato - Olu lumanyano olugunyaziswa ngumthetho phakathi kwabantu ababini. Ufumana imitshato yomthetho engqinwa nangumthetho ze ufumane imitshato eyenziwa phantsi kweenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo (umzekelo, umtshato wamaMuslim).
Umtshato Ngokwemigaqo Yamasiko
YAYAMENE
UMtshutshisi Wombuso - Eli ligqwetha lombuso elitshutshisa abatyholwa ngokwaphula imithetho.
Umyalelo Wenkundla - Isinyanzeliso esisesikweni esikhutshwa yijaji siyalela umntu othile ukuba enze ahlukane nokwenza okuthile.
UMyolelo - Le yincwadana esemthethweni apho uthi thaca khona indlela oya kuthanda impahla yakho yabiwe ngawo wakusweleka wena.
Unaniselwano Lwamazwe Ngamzwe - Le yindlela esetyenziselwa ukunaniselana okanye ukutshintshisa ngemali yelinye ilizwe ukuze kufunyanwe enye. Oku ke kuqinisekisa ukuba iintshukumo zoshishino phakathi kwamazwe ahlukeneyo ziyenzeka.
Uncedo-mali Lokwakha Indlu Olumanyaniswe Netyala - Uncedo-mali olumanyaniswe nemali-mboleko. Umntu ofimene le mali ulindeleke ukuba abuyise imali-mboleko kodwa lona uncedo-mali uyaluphiwa.
Uncedo-mali Lokwakha Izindlu Olungayanyaniswanga Natyala - Olu luncedo-mali lokwakha izindlu olungabandakanyi mali-mboleko ngoko ke ekungadingeki ukuba kubuyiswe mali.
UNobhala Wenkundla - Lo ngulo mntu ezinkundleni zamatyala unoxanduva lokubeka iintsuku zokuxoxwa kwamatyala nonokukubonelela ngazo naziphi na iimpepha ezinento yokwenza neenkqubo zenkundla.
Unonophelo Lwabantwana lweKangaroo - Le yindlela yokunonotshelwa komntwana okuquka ukuba naye ngokweliso lenyama phakathi kwakhe nabazali bakhe.
UNonophelo Lwasekhaya - Oku kukunonotshelwa komntu ogulayo ekhayeni. Abantu abaninzi abagulayo abakwazi kufumana ndawo yakulaliswa ze banyangelwe ezibhedlele ngoko ke bafumane unyango nonophelo emakhayeni abo.
Unonophelo Lwempilo Olukwinqanaba Lokuqala - Olu lunonophelo lwempilo olukwinqanaba lokuqala oluquka ukufundisa abantu ukuba bangaphila njani besempilweni (umzekelo, ukutya ukutya okusempilweni kwanempilo esisiseko) ukunqanda ukugula okanye izifo.
Unyaka-mali - Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwanophicotho lweencwadi zezimali lusekelwe kunyaka-mali. EMzantsi Afrika unyaka-mali uqala ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga kaTshazimpunzi ze uphele ngomhla wama-31 kweyoKwindla. Ngoko ke unyaka-mali ka-2003/2004 waqala ngomhla wokuqala kwinyanga kaTshazimpunzi ku-2003 ze waphela ngomhla wama-31 kwinyanga yoKwindla ku-2004.
Unyango Ngamachiza Alwa Intsholongwane kaGawulayo - La machiza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo yaye aquka i-AZT neNevirapine. Awamnyangi kumnyanga umntu ohlaselwe yile le ntsholongwane koko anqanda amajoni omzimba wakhe ekuphelelweni ngamandla ngenxa yentsholongwane kaGawulayo.
UPhando Ngeentengiso - Ezi zizifundo ngokuziphatha kwabathengi, abakuthandayo nabangakuthandiyo. Olu lwazi lusoloko lusetyenziselwa ukwazisa ukuphuhliswa kwemveliso okanye inkonzo kwakunye neentengiso.
Uphicotho Lweencwadi - Uphicotho olujonga ukuthi ngqo nokugqibelela kweempepha-nkcukacha. Umzekelo, uphicotho lweencwadi zezimali lungajongana neempepha-nkcukacha zezimali zeSebe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ingeniso neendleko ziyagcinwa yaye zonke iirhafu zihlawulwe .
UPhuhliso - Oku kukunyuswa nokuphuculwa kwamandla abantu nezinto abanokuzenza. Kuquka ukwenza abantu bakwazi ukufikelela kwizigqibo besazi konke abafanele ukukwazi ngezigqibo nemiba ebachaphazelayo ze benziwe bakwazi nokuthabatha amathuba eza nolu phuhliso.
UPhuhliso Loqoqosho Lwabamnyama - Inkqubo yenguqu yezoqoqosho ejoliswe ekwandiseni inani labantu abamnyama abalawula, babe ngabanini ze baqhube uqoqosho lweli lizwe. Le nkqubo ikwajoliswe ekunciphiseni ukungalingani ngokwengeniso.
UQoqosho Lwentengiso - Le yindlela yoqoqosho apho iimfuno zabathengi kwakunye nemveliso zisetyenziselwa ukufikelela kwizigqibo zokuba kufuneka imveliso engakanani futhi liyimalini na ixabiso.
URhulumente Osebenzisanayo - URhulumente apho amacandelo ahlukeneyo alindeleke ukuba asebenzisane futhi ancedisane. Umzekelo, eMzantsi Afrika, amabakala karhulumente amathathu (owesizwe, abamaphondo nabeedolophu) ayasebenzisana ngendlela exhasayo.
URhulumente Osembindini - Lo nguRhulumente weSizwe.
URhulumente Wedolophu - Lo ngurhulumente wesithili noomaspala bamakaya abasekelwe ngokwemigaqo yoMgaqo-siseko. Amagunya nemisebenzi yoorhulumente bamakhaya ithiwe thaca kuMgaqo-siseko.
URhulumente wePhondo - Iphondo ngalinye linepalamente yephondo kwanorhulumente wephondo. Imisebenzi namagunya karhulumente wephondo ithiwe thaca kuMgaqo-siseko.
URhulumente Wesizwe - Eli liqumrhu elilawula eli lizwe. URhulumente wesizwe wenziwa ngala macandelo: elowiso-mthetho (ipalamente), elolawulo (ibhunga lolawulo) kunye nelobulungisa (iinkundla), macandelo lawo anoxanduva lokwenza, lokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwanokunyanzelisa ukuthotyelwa komthetho.
Usapho Lwenyukleri - Olu lusapho oluhlala kwikhaya elinye. Ngokwesiqhelo olu sapho lwenziwa ngutata, umama nabantwana babo.
Ushishino Kwezolimo - Le yimizi-mveliso namashishini ezisebenza ngeemveliso neenkonzo zokulima nokufuya.
UShishino Lokukhathalela Abantu - Eli licandelo loshishino lwezotyelelo olujongene nokubonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala/zokulala, zokutya kwakunye nezeziselo.
UShishino Lwabucala - Eli licandelo loqoqosho eliphantsi kwabanini abazimeleyo, elingekho phantsi kukarhulumente
USomlomo - Eli lilungu lePalamente elityunjelwe ukongamela ukuhlala neengxoxo zepalamente. Unoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba imithetho neenkqubo zepalamente ziyalandelwa.
Uthetha-thethwano - Le yinkqubo yokuzinikela ejoliswe ekusombululeni imbambano okanye ekufikeleleni kwisivumelwano.
Uvavanyo Lokufumanisa Uyise Womntwana - Olu luvavanyo lwe-DNA olunokuza nobungqina bokuba indoda ethile ngenene nguyise womntwana othile okanye akunjalo na.
Uvavanyo Lwe-swot - Esi sisixhobo soshishino esisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya indawo ishishini elithile elisebenzela kuyo. Usowt lo umele amandla, ukungabi namandla, amathuba kunye nemingcipheko futhi lusoloko lusetyenziselwa xa kusenziwa isicwangciso-qhinga selo shishini.
Uvavanyo Olukhawulezileyo - Olu luvavanyo lwentsholongwane kaGawulayo apho iziphumo zifumaneka emva kwemizuzu nje engamashumi amabini emva kovavanyo olo.
Uxanduva Lokusebenzisana Noluntu - Oku kukuziva unoxanduva kuluntu ekuhlaleni.Kwezoshishino olu xanduva lubhekiselele kumbono wokuba amashishini kufuneka enze igalelo kwintlalo-ntle yoluntu olukwiindawo asebenzela kuzo, umzekelo; mhlawumbi ngokuthi anikezele ngoncedo-mali lokufunda kubafundi okanye kubantu abafuna ukufunda.
Uxolelwaniso - Le yindlela yokusombulula imbambano apho umxolelanisi ozimeleyo azama ukuxolelanisa abo babambeneyo.
Uxolelwaniso - Oku kukubuyisela uxolo nentsebenziswano. Kukubuyisela abantu okanye imibutho emibini ekwimpixano ukuba ibuye yakhe ubudlelwane bobuhlobo phakathi kwabo.
Isigama Esinokusetyenziswa uMgaqo-nkqubo Wemfihlelo
Ilungelo Lobunini
