UKUPHILA NGONAPHAKADE
Ndikhetha ukungalisebenzisi icuba
IMPILO YAKHO ISEZANDLENI ZAKHO
Incwadana yesi-6
INTSHAYELELO
Zininzi izifo ezizithatha ngofuzo kubazali bethu nakookhokho bethu. Kuncinane kakhulu de kuphantse kungabikho nto sinokuyenza ukuthintela ezi zifo.
Kodwa ke noxa kunjalo, kukho izifo esizifumana ngenxa yendlela esiphila ngayo.
Ukuba:
 asiyikhathalelanga imizimba yethu singazifumana ezi zifo.
Ezi zibizwa njengezifo zendlela umntu aphila ngayo.
Le ncwadana inika inkcukacha zolwazi malunga nezinye zezinto onokuzenza ukukhusela ezi zifo.
Khumbula ukuba ngumzimba wakho. Impilo yakho isezandleni zakho. Ngoko ke zikhathalele.
Le ncwadana engokukhetha ukungalisebenzisi icuba yenye yothotho lweencwadana eziqulethe ulwazi.
Ezinye iincwadana kolu thotho zezi:
 Ukusoloko ndizivulele ingqondo ezesondo
Uya kuba ngumntu osempilweni, xa ungalisebenzisi icuba. Uninzi lwabemi boMzantsi Afrika luyayazi loo nto. Abo abayitshayi imidiza okanye iinqawe, abamenqi kwaye bengagwadi. Le ncwadana iphethe iinyani ngokuzigcina usempilweni. Ubulumko kukuba ungabi saqalisa ukutshaya okanye ukuyeke nje kwaphela. Siyathemba ukuba uya kukhetha ukuhlala usempilweni entle ngokuhambela kude necuba nokutshaya.
Funda le ncwadana ze ufumanise ukuba ungakwenza njani na oko.
DUDU
Umyeni wakho ukhohlela kakhulu, Gugu
Ukuba nje ebenokuyeka ukutshaya!
Kuyingozi oko kutshaya kwakho...
Kudala nditshaya apha ebomini bam de kube ngoku, akukho kwanto seyikhe yenzeka apha kum!
Jonga Dudu, bubomu bam kwaye ndinelungelo lokutshaya kangangoko ndifuna!
Kulungile! Kodwa khumbula ukuba indoda eyaziwa kakhulu kwezonyango, uGqirha Zondi uthi inkoliso yabantu abalanda amayeza esibhedlela baphethwe zizifo ezenziwa kukutshaya.
Ingozi eyenziwa licuba yenzeka ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho... imini nemini iye ichaphazela intliziyo yakho, imiphunga, imithambo yegazi namanye amalungu omzimba wakho... ekugqibeleni itshabalalisa impilo yakho... ibulala izigidi ngezigidi zabantu kwihlabathi liphela!
Sihleli siza kufa nje sonke ngenye imini...kungcono ndife ngenxa yento endiyithandayo.
Ungalibali ukuba umsi wecuba lakho uyaphefumlwa ngabo bakungqongileyo... kwaye wenza ukuba babe nezifo zabantu abatshayayo.
Khumbula ngalo lonke ixesha ulayita icuba... usenokungafi kwangoko... ukutshaya kusenokukubangela esinye sezifo ezibi esinge ngokuxhuzula ... usenokuchitha iminyaka emininzi usentlungwini ungenakuzinceda uhamba nge'wheel- chair' okanye usenokufa kancinci kancinci usentlungwini sisifo semiphunga... khawucinge ... yeka ngoku ... phambi kokuba konakale!
Iinyaniso ezithile malunga nokutshaya
NdinguDudu igama lam. Ndingathanda ukuba sithethe ngokusetyenziswa kwecuba. Masiqale ngokujonga iinyaniso ezimalunga nokutshaya umdiza.
 Kunyaka ngamnye kufa i- 12 000 labantu kuMzantsi Afrika bebulawa yintliziyo, umhlaza wemiphunga, ezinye iindidi zomhlaza kunye nesifo semibhobho yemiphunga esinganyangekiyo.
 Kwamanye amazwe ukutshaya umdiza kubulala abantu abaninzi kunokuba ibulala i-AIDS, utywala, iziyobisi ezifana neherowini nekhokheyini. Neengozi zemoto, zidityanisiwe.
 Kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yobudala bomntu, ubunzima/ubukhulu bomzimba, ezinye iimeko zempilo, nobude bexesha etshaya, umntu otshayayo usenokubuyela empilweni yakhe xa enokuyeka ukutshaya.
Unyaka omnye nje emva kokuyeka ukutshaya basenokungabi naso isifo semibhibho yemiphunga. Emva kweminyaka elishumi, bomelela phantse ngokulinganayo nabo bangazanga baliphatha icuba.
 Imidiza necuba yimixube yezinto ezininzi eziyingozi ezinje ngekhabhon monoksayidi, inikhothini netha. Ezi zinto zibenzakalisa kakhulu abantu abatshayayo.
 Umsi wecuba ukwenzakalisa nabo bantu bawurhabula ngokuwuphefumla. Ukuba ungasemntwini otshayayo, womakalisa impilo yakho kunye neyakhe.
Kungani ukutshaya kungakulungelanga nje?
Icuba liyingozi empilweni yakho, kuba lineendidi zetyhefu ezingaphezu kwama-200. Ezi tyhefu zonakalisa imiphunga yakho. Okukhona utshaya kakhulu kokukhona iya iba nkulu ingozi. Ezi tyhefu zinokwenza isifo sentliziyo kunye nomhlaza. Nantsi eminye imizekelo yeetyhefu ezisecubeni:
Ikhabhoni monokhsayidi yityhefu eyekisa intliziyo yakho ukuthwala I-oksijini emzimbeni wakho. Awunakuphila ngaphandle kwe-oksijini.
Itha yityhefu eyenza umhlaza.
Inokhithini sisidaka-mizwa. Inikhothini ingakurhurha ube yingedle yayo. "Ukurhurheka" kuthetha ukuba umzimba wakho nengqondo zifuna inikhothini ngalo lonke ixesha.
Uziva uyifuna yonke imihla. Xa urhurheke yinto, kunzima ukuyiyeka ungayisebenzisi.. Kungenxa yoku ke abantu benzinyelwa kukuyeka ukutshaya.
Igwada lona?
Igwada linazo zonke iityhefu elinazo icuba. Abantu abagwadayo banganezifo ezithile, umzekelo ezasempumlweni nasemlonyeni, kunye nokukrala kwemithambo yempumlo (sinuses).
Intsangu yona?
Oogqirha bafumanisa ukuba intsangu iwulimaza umzimba wakho ngokufanayo necuba. Xa urhurheke yintsangu, awunakuba nakho ukusebenza, ukufunda, ukudlala okanye ukonwaba.
Gqirha, ingaba zikho iintlobo zecuba ezingenabungozi? Hayi! Imidiza, iisiga, iinqawe negwada, azilunganga xa zizonke.
Iintlobo zezifo ezenziwa kukutshaya
Abatshayi abaninzi bayala ukuyeka ukutshaya kuba bengayazi indlela ukutshaya oku okuchaphazela ngayo impilo yabo. Makhe sithethe ngezinye zezi zifo.
Ukutshaya kwenza izifo ezininzi. Ezona zinobungozi kakhulu sisifo semiphunga, umhlaza, isifo sentliziyo nesifo sokushwabana.
Isifo semiphunga
Abantu abanesifo semiphunga banokugula iminyaka emininzi ngokukhohlela nokunqamka komphefumlo.
Umhlaza
Iintlobo ezininzo zomhlaza, ezifana nomhlaza wemiphunga, zenziwa licuba. Alikho iyeza elinyanga umhlaza wemiphunga
Ukutshaya kusenokwenza umhlaza wamanye amalungu omzimba, anje ngengqula, ummizo, isinyi, ulwimi, njalonjalo.
Isifo sentliziyo nokushwabana
Igazi elisemizimbeni yethu lithwalwa lihanjiswa ngemibhobho emincinci ebizwa ngokuba yimithambo yegazi.
Ukutshaya kwenza ukuba le mithambo ixinane. Oku kuphela ngokuvalela/ ukuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi, nto leyo enobungozi kakhulu. Ukuba igazi aliyi kwindawo ethile yomzimba wakho, loo ndawo inokulimala. Yile nto yenzekayo ke emntwini onesifo sokushwabana okanye isifo sentliziyo. Abantu abaninzi bayafa zezi zifo. Ukuba bathe basinda, basenokufa amalungu athile omzimba (bangakwazi ukushukumisa umzimba) emva kwesifo sokushwabana. Kusenokufuneka ukuba umbtu anqunyulwe umlenze emva kokuxinga kwegazi emlenzeni.
Abatshayi bagula rhoqo kunabantu abangatshayiyo. Basoloko bephutha njalo emsebenzini kwaye bagula zizifo eziqhelekileyo ngaphezu kwabo bangatshayiyo.
ABANTWANA NOKUTSHAYA
Abantwana abaninzi beva okanye babone iintengiso ezingokutshaya ze bafune ukulinga nabo. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyenzeka ukuba abhlobo babo sebeqalile ukutshaya ze babakhuthaze ukuba nabo baqalise. Amaxesha amaninzi, abatshayi abasebancicni bakholelwa ukuba baya kuba bakhulile xa betshaya kwaye baya kuhlonipheka.
Yala uthi 'phantsi' ngokutshaya
Unemiphunga eyomeleleyo nephilileyo - ungakhe uvumele ukutshaya ukuba kuyibulale
Ukuba awutshayi awuyi kuphuma amazinyo agqolileyo, umphefumlo onuka kakubi okanye ulusu olubi uya kuqhuba kakuhle kwezemidlalo uya kufunda lula uya kuba nempilo entle uya kufaneleka
UNGATSHAYI XA UKHULELWE
UNGATSHAYI PHAMBI KWABANTWANA
Kungenzaka ntoni elusaneni lwakho xa utshaya ngelixa ukhulelwe?
Iityhefu ezininzi zecuba zingena kolu sana lungekazalwa, zingena ngegazi likamama. Kwakhona usana aluyi kufumana i- oksijini nezakha-mzimba ezaneleyo, ezivela kwelo gazi ukuze lukhule kakuhle. Kungoko ke ukutshaya kuyingozi elusaneni olungekazalwa.
Kukwakho nezinye iingxaki kwakhona...
Iintsana ezizalwa ngoomama ababe tshaya ngexesha bekhulelwe, zikholisa ukuvela zincinane kunezinye iintsana.
Zikwanamathuba amaninzi okugula nokuba nobulima.
Kukho nomngcipheko omkhulu wokuba usana lwakho lungafa ekuzalweni kwalo ukuba utshaya ukhulelwe.
Hlala usempilweni entle- yithi phantsi ngokutshaya
Ukuba awutshayi mdiza okanye nqawe okanye awumenqi cuba okanye awugwadi:
uya kuphefumla lula ngakumbi
awuyi kuba namazinyo angqombo okanye iminwe engqombo
ulusu lwakho luya kuguda luphuphume impilo
uya kuba nomphefumlo ococekileyo/ onganukiyo
uya kuba neentsana eziphilileyo kunezo zabadlezana abatshayayo
awuyi kuchitha imali yakho ngomkhuba ombi
uya kunceda abantwana bakho ukuba bahlale besempilweni entle, kuba awuyi kwenza ukuba baphefumle umoya ovakala njengomdala, nonomsi
uya kuba ngumzekelo omhle ebantwaneni
uya kuba sempilweni entle kunabantu abatshayayo
Hayi!
Izinto omawuzenze nabantwana
Ufuna ukugcina abantwana bakho bekhuselekile ezingozini ezenziwa kukutshaya. Ezi zizimvo ezithile ezinganceda abantwana bakho ekuthatheni izigqibo ezizizo malunga nempilo yabo.
Umsebenzi 1:
Ukwenza izigqibo ezifanelekileyo
Le yinto onokuyenza nomntwana wakho ekhaya. Utitshala kwisikolo sabaqalayo okanye kwindawo, ebusikolo yokulondoloza abantwana angasebenzisa lo msebenzi kunye neqela labantwana.
Lo msebenzi unceda abantwana ukuba bafumanise ngezinto ezilungele impilo yabo entle kwanezinto ezona impilo yabo. Abantwana bafunda ngcono xa bekhululekile kwaye bonwabile, ngoko ke ungabanika ezi nkcukacha zolwazi ngexasha lalo msebenzi.
Intshayelelo
Cela umntwana wakho ukuba acinge ngezinto ezimlungeleyo nangezo zimbi kuye. Ungasebenzisa le posta ukuqala ingxoxo yakho.
Ukwenza
Ukuba uneemagazini ezindala, cela umntwana wakho ukuba azijonge ze aske imifanekiso acinga ukuba zilungile kuye, nezo acinga ukuba azimlungelanga. Zincamathelise ephepheni elikhulwana kunamanye ze wenze umboniso oseludongeni ngale tshathi ukuze lonke usapho lubone into ayenzileyo.
INQAKU ELIBALULEKILEYO
Umntwana wakho ufanele ukuwonwabela lo msebenzi. Ungakhalazi xa enokukhetha into ocinga ukuba ayimlungelanga., xaxa nomntwana wakho ngale nto ukuze afunde kuwe ukuba yintoni na enokumenza abe sempilweni entle iyintoni na enokumgulisa. Mbuze ukuba ukukhethe ngani na okakukhethileyo.
Umsebenzi wesi-2:
UKUVUTHELA AMAKHANDLELA
Ootitshala banokuwusebenzisa lo msebenzi kubantwana abakumaBanga 1,2, oknye 3. Qinisekisa ukuba abantwana bakho banomntu obangameleyo/ obajongileyo xa besenza lo msebenzi. Ungabashiyi bebodwa namakhandelela avuthayo okanye imatshisi.
Izinto oza kuzidinga:
amakhandlela amadala
isiphatho sekhandlela ungasebenzisa inkonkxa endala ze uzalise isiqingatha sayo ngesanti
amasuntswana amabini ekhadi amalunga neesentimitha ezingama-20 x 15 lilinye.
Icandelo 1
Vula umngxuma omalunga nesayizi yeR2 embindini wepisi yekhadi. Kwenye ipisi, vula umngxuma omncinane ongangomgqobho wesipeliti.
Yithi abantwana mabenze isangqa bajikeleze wena.
Yithi abantwana mabatsalele umphefumlo kakhulu, bakwenze oko besenyusa izandla zabo ngokucotha.
Kuphinde kathathu oku. Thethe ke ngoku ngendlela abeve ngayo xa bebezalisa imiphungayabo ngomoya. Yithi mabakuphinde kwakhona oku bawuvisise umoya ungena emizimbeni yabo. Baxelele indlela umoya ogcina ngayo imizimba yethu ishukuma nendlela imiphunga yethu esinceds ngayo ekuphefumleni. Ngoku ke yithi abantwana mabenze imitsana elishumi, elandelwa kukuxhuma kahlanu ngomlenze omnye, baphinde kahlanu futhi ngomnye umlenze. Bemise ke ngoku abantwana ubabuze ukuba baphefumla njani- ingaba baphefumla ngokukhawuleza noko kunangokuya bebeme nzu?
Thetha ngendlela ukushukumisa umzimba okunokuguqula ngayo indlela esiphefumla ngayo. Ukushukumisa umzimba kulungile kwaye kusigcina sisempilweni.
Baxelele ngendlela okujika ngayo ukuphefumla xa abantu betshaya kuba ngalo lonke ixesha umsi ungena emiphungeni yabo ze uphume kwakhona, omnye umsi ushiyekela ngasemva. Le ntsalela yomsi ivala imiphunga kancinci kancinci ukuzr ke ngoku ungasebenzi kakuhle njengaxa ibicocekile ingenamsi.
Thetha ngendlela ukutshaya okujika ngayo indlela yokuphefumla kwabantu nangendlela okungalunganga ngayo oku nangendlela esenza ngayo ukuba sigule. Baxelele indlela abathi nabo bachaphazeleke ngayo ngumsi ovela kwimidiza yabantu abatshayayo.
Icandelo 2
Ungakubonisa ke ngoku oku benixoxa ngako. Qala wenze ze ke uhlole abantwana xa bezama oku. Ungabashiyi bodwa nekhandlela elivuthayo okanye imatshisi. Beka ikhadi enomgqobho omncinci phambi kwekhandlela elisenkonkxeni.
Vuthela ngalo mgqobho ubone inzima ekunzima ngayo ukulicima ikhandlela . Thelekisa oku nokuba nemiphunga eminxwe ngumsi omdala.
Beka ke ngoku ikhadi phambi kwekhandlela elinomngxuma omkhulu.
Vuthela kulo mngxuma ze ubone indlela ekulula ngayo ukulicima ikhandlela. Thelekisa oku nokuba nemiphunga ecocekileyo enamandla amaninzi okusebenza kakuhle.
Umsebenzi 3:
UKUSEBENZISA IMALI NGOBULUMKO
Lo ngumsebenzi wabantwana abakumabanga 4 no-5.
Qokolela evenkileni ekufutshane nawe iphepha lentengiso elibukhulu buphindaphindeneyo okanye sebenzisa amaphephandaba amadala neemagazini.Sika imifanekiso yezinto ezifana nepakethi yomdiza nebhokisi yematshisi nezinye izinto ezifana neeswiti, iipeni, iikawusi, iincwadi, njalonjalo okanye usebenzise imifanekiso oyizobe ngokwakho. Beka le mifanekiso ephepheni elikhulu ze ubeke amaxabiso kuyo.
Yithi abantwana mabaqikelele ukuba bane-R15 amabathenge ngayo. Yithi mabakhethe izinto abanokuzithenga. Ngumfanekiso wantoni kule ikwitshathi abacinga ukuba yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ukuba nayo?
Xa abantwana sebezenzile izigqibo zabo, yithi mabaxoxe ngoko bakukhethileyo.
Khumbula ukuba akukho mpendulo iyeyona ilungileyo okanye ingalunganga. KODWA, ukuba bakhethe imidiza nematshisi ungaxoxa ngendlela ezibiza ngayo ezo zinto. Ungababonisa nendlela ezingahlala ngayo kwaye zibe ngcono kubo, ezinye izinto ezininzi.
Lo msebenzi yindlela yokwenza ukuba abantwana bacinge ngezinto abazifunayo nangezo bazidinga ngenyani. Ikwayindlela yokuxoxa ngobungozi bokutshaya, oko ukwenza ungadanga ube uyabafundisa- ingxoxo iya kuzenzekela ngokulula. Uya kusoloko ugqithisela ulwazi ebantwaneni xa bengaxhalabanga beyekelele igazi kwaye bonwabile, kunaxa ubenza bacaphuke okanye badikwe.
Ezi ziindidi zezinto onokuzizoba okanye uzisike kumaphepha-ndaba neemagazini.
Unganceda?
Dudu othandekayo
Ndibaxelele abantwana bam indlela okuyingozi ngayo ukutshaya imidiza. Kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezigqithileyo ndiqaphele ukuba unyana wam omncinci unuka umsi wecuba. Uthi bonke abalingane bakhe bayatshaya kwaye akafuni kusala yedwa.
Ndincede. Andifuni ukuba umntwana wam agule.
Oxhalabileyo
Ufanele ukba nexhala ngonyana wakho otshaya umdiza. Xa enokuqala ukutshaya esemncinane, kungenzeka athi efika kwiminyaka yobudala engamashumi amathathu, abe eqaliswa sesinye sezifo ezenziwa kukutshaya ezinje ngesifo semiphunga, isifo sentliziyo kunye nomhlaza.
Izinto ezintathu onokuzenza ukunceda unyana wakho ahlale ephilile zezi:
Mncedise ukuba omelele ngendlela yokuba akwazi ukuthi hayi' ekutshayeni. Ungakwenza oku ngokumenza ukuba aziqonde iingozi zokutshaya, ngokuthetha naye nangokumbonisa le ncwadana.
Mxelele ukuba yinto elungileyo ukuba ngumahluko. Ukuba abahlobo bakhebayazingisa ukutshaya, unyana wakho makenze isivumelwano nabo, sokuba wonke ubani unelungelo lomgangatho wokuphila azikhethele wona nosekwe kukhetho alwenza enolwazi kwaye oku kufuneka kuhlonelwe.
Akuvumelekanga ngokwasemthethwenu ukuthengisela imidiza abantwana abangaphantsi kwe-16 leminyaka yobudala. Qinisekisa ukuba oonovenkile bengigqi yakho kunye nabasebenzi babo abathengisi midiza kubantwana abancinci.
Ndikunqwenelela ithamsanqa,
Dudu
Thina Dudu?
Dudu othandekayo
Ndinomhlobo onexesha elide etshaya. Ube nokhohlokhohlo olubi kakhulu kwaye ugqirha uthi makayeke ukutshaya, kungenjalo uya kugula kakhulu kwaye usenokufa ngumhlaza. Umhlobo wam uxhalabile ngathi akanokwazi ukuyeka ukutshaya. Ingaba ungandicebisa ukuba ndenze ni?
Ongatshayiyo
Umhlobo wakho usoloko esazi ukuba kungani kufuneka akuyeke ukutshaya. Ugqirha wakhe umlumkisile ngeengozi zokutshaya kwaye usithathele ingqalelo enkulu eso silumkiso. Kubalulekile oku kuba akubakho mfuneko yokuba umqinisekise ukuba ayeke, usenzile isigqibo sakhe kwaye ukhuthazekile. Kodwa usaza kuyidinga inkxaso yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba akaqalisi kwakhona.
Mkhuthaze ukuba azame oku kulandelayo:
Ukuba ayitsho pahaha phandle injongo yakhe yokuyeka ukutshaya ze afune uncedo kubalingane bakhe basemsebenzini, kwizizalwane nezihlobo ezinokumxhasa zimkhuthaze.
Xa sele eyeke mpela ukutshaya, makungabikho midiza kwindawo akuyo kuba angahendeka ukuba atshaye nokuba mnye.
Makafumane ukudla okunempilo, okufana neziqhamo okanye into anokuyenza ukumlibazisa ngakumbi xa eziva erhalela ukutshaya. Yithi makancokole nomntu okanye abukele inkqubo yetelevizhini okanye afunde incwadi enomdla, ukuze ingqondo yakhe isuke ecubeni.
Njengomhlobo wakhe yithi gqolo ukumkhuthaza ngokumncoma ngalo lonke ixesha athe wawoyisa umnqweno wokutshaya.
Dudu
Jonga ukuba ufunde kangakani kule ncwadana. Yenza lo qashiqashi ze uthelekise iimpendulo zakho kwezo zisemazantsi ephepha.
Umkhondo:
Ukunqamleza
Ukutshaya i... kwenzakalisa imiphunga yakho ngendlela efanayo nokutshaya icuba.
Ukuba uyatshaya amazinyo akho aya kuba ...
Ukutshaya i... kubulala abantu abaninzi kunokuba besifa yi-AIDS, utywala iziyobisi neengozi zezithuthi.
... yityhefu esecubeni eyenza umhlaza.
Yithi ... ngokutshaya/ ekutshayeni.
Abanye abatshayi kunokufuneka ukuba imilenze yabo xa ukuhamba kwegazi kuxingile.
Ukuhla
Uku... ekutshayeni kuthetha ukuba umzimba wakho awunokwenza ngaphandle kwenikhothini okanye itha yecuba.
Ukuba urhumrhekile kukutshaya, umzimba wakho ne... azimi kakuhle ngaphandle kwesiyobisi.
Abatshayi aba neminyaka elishumi beyekile ukutshaya bo... ngokungathi zange batshaya.
Yiba sisi..., ungachithi imali yakho kwimidiza.
Iimpendulo:
Ukunqamleza: 1-intsangu; 6- ngqombo; 7-imidiza; 8-itha; 9-hayi/phantsi; 11-inqunyulwe.
