Sustainable (Maize)									IsiXhosa

	

Umsebenzi wokufama ngolondolozo: kutheni uthatha ithuba elide?



Imiyalelo: 

Folio strap: Umsebenzi wokufama ngolondolozo

Byline: NguJane McPherson, umphathi wenkqubo yaseGrain SA yenkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama 



Sizabalazela ukuphuhlisa abalimi borhwebo abamnyama abaxhotyiswe ngezakhono abaya kukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wasefama ngokuzimela nangolondolozo. Kwimo engqonge ezoqoqosho yethuba langoku, oku kunzima ngokwaneleyo – nokuba sowuzinikele kwaye neenjongo zakho zizukile. Xa ezolimo eMzantsi Afrika kufuneka ziphumelele kwaye zilondolozekile, kufuneka sibe nenguquko enyanisekileyo kweli shishini ukuze sikwazi ukuthetha ngelizwi elinye elimanyeneyo. 



Akukho nto ilula ngomsebenzi wokufama, kwaye abalimi kufuneka belawule umgama obanzi lo gama bezifaka kwimingcipheko emikhulu. 

Amaxabiso aphantsi okutya okuziinkozo abeka uxinzelelo olugqithiseleyo kumba wenzuzo malunga nemveliso yezityalo. 

Amanqanaba eenzala aphezulu naxa iindleko zoomatshini zinzulu kakhulu. 

Abalimi borhwebo asebe namava nabo batsala nzima – xa kunjalo kubekela phi kubalimi abasaphuhlayo? Bona batsala nzima nangakumbi. 



Urhulumente anganceda njani? 

Kweli banga, umba wenzuzo ngemveliso yokutya okuziinkozo umi ngendlela yokuba abalimi abasaphuhlayo abakwazi kuvelisa nakuphi ukutya okuziinkozo ngendlela yolondolozo. Sikholelwa ekubeni le asiyomeko isisigxina kwaye nawaphi amaxabiso ale mpahla aya kwanda. Naxa kunjalo, kwixesha elifutshane, kufuneka sinike inkxaso yemali kubalimi bokutya okuziinkozo ngendlela yobonelelo – mhlawumbi ukwenzela ukuncedisa ngeendleko zegalelo, okanye ngochatha kwiitoni eziveliswayo. Uncedo lwesixokelelwano sikachatha kwiitoni ezivelisiweyo luya kuba kukunika umbulelo kwabo basebenzileyo – le iya kuba yindlela yokuncedisa abo banesakhono nomdla wokuzinikela ekubeni ngabalimi abarhwebayo abapheleleyo. 



Enye ingxaki enkulu abadibana nayo abalimi abasaphuhlayo yimeko yeetrektara nezixhobo zokusebenza – sifuna uhlobo oluthile lwenkxaso yemali ukuze abalimi bakwazi ukuncediswa ekubeni bazigcine zizitsha izixhobo zabo. Aliqela amasebe karhulumente anikela ngeetrektara nezixhobo zokusebenza kumaqela abalimi. Oku kunokuba sisisombululo sethuba elifutshane, naxa kunjalo, luninzi uqeqesho nempumezo efunekayo ukuze abalimi bafunde indlela yokulawula ezi zixhobo. Xa into iyeyeqela kwaye isetyenziswa lilo lonke, akubikho mntu uthwala uxanduva, engekho nonenkathalo – zininzi iziganeko apho isixhobo sokusebenza sithi besisezandleni zamaqela, saza asaphathwa kakuhle de siphelelwe sisakhono kwaphela. Esi asisosenzo solondolozo. 



Abaphathi besolulo kufuneka bephinde baqeqeshwa, baxhotyiswe ngokutsha ngobuchule kwaye bakhuthazwe – baliqela aba bantu besolulo kwaye kufuneka bancedise abalimi emasimini. 



Indima yeshishini lezolimo

Omnye wemiceli-mingeni emikhulu abajongene nayo abalimi abasaphuhlayo kukufikelela kwimali-mboleko yemveliso. Abaninzi banawo umhlaba, banoomatshini (abanye ke phofu abakho mgangathweni uncomekayo), bafumana uqeqesho kunye nenkxaso, kodwa bafuna imali. Isixa esipheleleyo sexabiso lokuvelisa isityalo siphezulu kakhulu – phakathi kwama-R4 000 nama-R5 000 ngehektare nganye (kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwesityalo, phi njl.njl). Siqala sibe nochulumanco olukhulu ngokuzibandakanya kumashishini ezolimo ngokunikela ngemali yemveliso kubalimi abasaphuhlayo, kwaye singaleka ngelizwi elithi asekhona amashishini athile anika inkxaso ngenene kubalimi ukuze bangene kurhwebo. 



Ngokoluvo lwethu, amashishini ezolimo anika inkxaso kufuneka:

Abandakanye abalimi kuwo onke amaxa othetha-thethwano;

Anike abalimi ulwazi kwaye abaxhobise;

Ancedise abalimi ngeemboleko zemveliso ezinawona manqanaba aphantsi enzala anokubakho;

Athetha-thethane ngezaphulelo ezinokunikwa abalimi abasaphuhlayo ezivela kumaqumrhu enkxaso yegalelo ukuze ezi zaphulelo zigqithiselwe kubalimi;

Anike abalimi inkxaso yeenkonzo zesolulo – ngokusebenzisa abantu abanamava afezekileyo nabanemfundo efanelekileyo;

Asebenze namaziko aqeqesha nanika inkxaso kubalimi;

Ancedisa abalimi ukuthengisa ukutya kwabo okuziinkozo ngeyona ndlela eluncedo kubalimi; kananjalo

Ancedise abalimi ukunyusa umgangatho nokugcina iitrektara nezixhobo zabo zokufama. 



Singathini ngokusetyenziswa kwababhambathiswa bezolimo? 

Enye yeendlela ezizezona zilula zokujika umhlaba ube yimveliso kukubandakanya iinkonzo zababhambathiswa abakhulu bezolimo. Oku sekuzanywe amaxa ngamaxa, kanti isizathu esinikwayo kukuba umbhambathiswa uya kusetyenziswa kuphela kumabanga okuqala, ukuze emva koko umlimi azenzele umsebenzi wakhe ngokwakhe. Amava asifundise ukuba oku akwenzeki ngenxa yezizathu ezimbalwa: 

Umlimi akazibandakanyi ngokwaneleyo xa umbhambathiswa esenza umsebenzi;

Umbhambathiswa sukuba engxame kakhulu engenaxesha lokugqithisela ubuchule kumlimi;

Umbhambathiswa akanaluqeqesho lokuqeqesha nokuxhobisa abanye; kananjalo

Umlimi akenzi nzuzo eyaneleyo ngohlobo lokuba akwazi ukuthenga iitrektara nezixhobo zakhe.



Izinto ezingeloncedo ngokusebenzisa umbhambathiswa 

Ziindleko ezandileyo zomsebenzi wemveliso.

Imali echithwa emsebenzini wobhambathiso inokuchithwa phucukileyo kulondolozo nakunyuso lomgangatho weetrektara nezixhobo zabalimi.

Abalimi ababandakanywa kwinkqubo yokufama kwaye abaxhotyiswanga ngolwazi lokufama bebodwa. 

Kwimo esingqongileyo yethu ebharhileyo, kukholisa ukuba kubekho ithuba elifutshane kakhulu kodwa eliyilingene kakuhle imisebenzi eyahluka-hlukeneyo yokulima. Xa kusetyenziswa umbhambathiswa kwindawo enkulu, kaninzi elo kroba alithathelwa ngqalelo nto leyo enokwenza ilahleko yesityalo kumlimi (ukutyala emva kwexesha, ukutshiza emva kwethuba).

Umbhambathiswa uhlawulwa ngehektare nganye kwaye umvuzo wakhe awuxhomekekanga kumgangatho womsebenzi wakhe awenzileyo – nokuba umlimi ufumene inzuzo okanye akayifumenanga, umbhambathiswa yena ufumana imali yakhe. Ulawulo lomgangatho womsebenzi yinto engekhoyo kakhulu – kwakhona ngenxa yobukhulu. 

Bakhona abalimi abanesakhono abamnyama. Aba balimi bafanele ukukwazi ukuqesha umhlaba kwabanye mhlawumbi abangenamdla okanye abangenasakhono sokuzenzela umsebenzi wasefama. Kweli banga, ubukhulu bomhlaba okhoyo “uyalinywa” ngamashishini ezolimo ngoko ke awufumaneki kwabanye abalimi abamnyama. Abalimi abanesakhono kufuneka bakwazi ukusebenzisa lo mhlaba ukuze bandise imisebenzi yabo yokufama. 

Malunga nabalimi abangenazixhobo kwaphela, impikiswano isekubeni xa besenzelwa umsebenzi wokufama banako ukuqokelela imali eyinkunzi eyaneleyo yokuzenzela umsebenzi wokufama bebodwa. Akukho bungqina obuxhasa le mpikiswano – imida yenzuzo kwimveliso yokutya okuziinkozo mincinci kakhulu kwaye ukusebenzisa ababhambathiswa kuzicutha ngakumbi iinzuzo. 



Yintoni esikholelwa ukuba inako ukusebenza? 

Bonke abadlali beendima mabasebenze ngengqiqo bazabalazele ukuphuhlisa abalimi – umsebenzi wokulima ubukhulu becala ugxile kubalimi kunokuba uphathelelene nomhlaba. Abalimi bafuna ukuzenzela ngokwabo umsebenzi wokufama “bangalinyelwa”.

Umlimi makavunyelwe ukuqalisa ngento anayo – isiqalo esincinci emhlabeni omncinci sikhuseleke ngakumbi. (Khumbula ukuba umntu ofuna ukusebenzisa intsimi yakhe ukwazile ukuziphilisa kwada kwalapho ngaloo ngeniso ebeyenza. Xa ke ngoku enokufumana inzuzo encinci ngehektare nganye emhlabeni okhoyo, leyo iya kuba nguchatha wemali abengekhe abe nayo. Ngokuqalisa kancinci kunyinwa imingcipheko, kanti ngokwenza okulungileyo ngendlela elungileyo, umlimi unako ukukhula ngokweentlobo zobuchule nangokuzithemba.) 

Musa ukunyanzela umlimi ukuba asebenzise umbhambathiswa kodwa mncedise umlimi malunga nolondolozo lwezixhobo zakhe, nokulima intwana anako ukuyilima ngokwakhe – kubhetele xa umlimi ewuqeshisa umhlaba angawusebenzisiyo, lo gama esakhula kwishishini. 

Yinto ebalaseleyo ukulandela umlimi ngoqwalaselo – kodwa umcebisi onjalo akafanelanga kuba nguye nawuphi umntu. Umcebisi ngumntu onomdla wenene kuphuhliso lalowo amlandela ngoqwalaselo – umntu ozinika ithuba egqithisela ulwazi nobuchule, umntu onomonde nonika inkxaso. Ubudlelwana phakathi komcebisi/umcetyiswa kufuneka bulunge – busekwe phezu kokuthembana nokuhloniphana, kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba omabini amaqela akonwabele ukuzibandakanya kobu budlelwana, kuba kaloku buyiyo loo nto – ubudlelwana. 

Bagcine abalimi benolwazi kwaye bezibandakanya ungabenzeli izigqibo eziphathelelene nabo kodwa ube ubashiye ngaphandle. “Akukho nto malunga nathi, ngaphandle kwethu” yintetho yomnye wemibutho ebhekiselele ebantwini abanokhubazeko, kanti nalapha ifaneleke kangangoko. 

Ncedisa abalimi ngokwenza uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lwefama yabo, iitrektara, izixhobo, oomatshini, imfuyo, amatyala, impahla yexabiso njl.njl. Kufuneka sibancedise abalimi kuyo yonke imiba kanti nabo kufuneka bafumane ingqiqo yako konke. Umzekelo, ingaba umlimi unawaphi amandla ekW, kwaye ingakanani intsimi anako ukuyilawula ngeso sakhono? 

Qinisekisa ukuba umlimi uyinxalenye yenkqubo yoqeqesho nophuhliso. Ukuba ngabalimi abapheleleyo nabaxhotyisiweyo abarhwebayo yinkqubo ende kwaye maninzi amaziko anokuba nenxaxheba kule nkqubo. 

Hlalutya umgangatho woqeqesho olunikwayo. Abanye abaniki-lubonelelo boqeqesho abaqinisekisiweyo abawenzi ngokuncomekayo umsebenzi wabo kuba nabo abanamava awaneleyo ngomsebenzi wokufama (akunakuze uwufunde encwadini kuphela umsebenzi wokufama!) 

Gcina iprojekthi incinci kwaye ilawuleka. Abalimi abaphuhlayo bafuna ixesha nenkxaso, ke ngoko xa umsebenzi usuka ube mkhulu kakhulu, izinto azilungi ukuze ekugqibeleni ingaphumeleli iprojekthi. Iyancomeka into yokuba unike mhlawumbi abalimi abali-15 ukuya kwabangama-20, kwaye loo msebenzi uwuphathe kakuhle. Izicwangciso ezininzi apho abalimi bebengaphezu kwama-50 (ukususela ekuqaleni) zithe zasilela kuba bekungekho bantu balingeneyo bokujikeleza. Yakuba iqalisile iprojekthi, amanani angandiswa ngonyaka ngamnye. 







