Financial (Maize)									Xhosa

Isiseko solawulo lwemali



Instructions: 

Folio strap: Ulawulo

Byline: Ulwazi luhlanganiselwe ngokusebenzisa incwadi yoqeqesho ngoLawulo lweFama ukwenzela iiNzuzo nguMarius Greyling

Grabbing quote: Sidinga imali ukuze sanelise iimfuno zemizimba nezokhuseleko.

Captions: 	Isazobe 1.1: Isixa esipheleleyo sokusebenza kweendleko

Isazobe 1.2: Inzuzo, indawo yelahleko neqhawula ngokulungelelana



Yintoni ishishini? Ishishini livela njani? Ngokwemigqaliselo yokulawula ishishini, kubalulekile ukuyiqonda le mibuzo ngokuqaphela kanti eli nqaku liza kwenza oko nqo.



Iimfuno zabantu 

Ukususela ekudalweni komntu, umntu usoloko enento ayidingayo ukuze aphile. Ukutya, ikhusi nempahla yokunxiba zezinye zezi zidingo. Ekuqaleni, umntu ebezanelisa iimfuno zakhe ngokwakhe ngokuzingela, ngokuvuna izityalo kwezizikhulela endle kananjalo efumana ikhusi emiqolombeni. Uthe xa eqhubela phambili umntu neemfuno zaqhubela phambili zaza izidingo zokuvelisa kunye/okanye zokwenza izinto zaba yinxalenye nomthwalo wobomi.



Yintoni imali kwaye ivela phi?

Xa kuthengwa into ethile, kusetyenziswa imali ukuyihlawulela. Imali liphepha nje kuphela kanti maxa wambi siyamangaliswa, “iphepha lingazihlawulela njani izinto zexabiso.” Imali eliphepha ivele ngenxa yengcingane yokusebenza kwemali. Kudala, bekusenziwa utshintshiselwano (ukunanisa okanye ukutshintshiselana ngento ethile ukuze ufumane enye yexabiso elilingana nayo). Umzekelo, umntu ebenako ukutshintshisa inkomo ngeengxowa ezintlanu zombona. Ingxaki ngolu hlobo lotshintshiselwano yayikukuba xa unenkomo kodwa ufuna umbona, bekufuneka ufumene umntu onombona kodwa abe efuna inkomo. Ubunokuligqiba eli hlabathi phambi kokufumana umntu ofuna inkomo endaweni yombona.



Le nkqubo ibinenkxamleko enkulu. Abantu ke bayisombulula le ngxaki ngokukhangela into eyamkeleke kumntu wonke. Le nto yaba yigolide. Ubunako ke ukutshintshisa ngenkomo yakho ukuze ufumane ama-30 g egolide wandule ukuthenga ingxowa yombona nge-10 g yegolide. Igolide yayamkeleke kuye wonke ubani. Emva koko abantu boyika ukuba xa behamba negolide kubo iya kubiwa. Igolide ke ngoko yafakwa ebhanki yona eyindawo enokhuselo waza umgcini-bhanki wafanela ukuba abhale ephepheni isixa segolide onaso ebhanki. Xa uthe wambonisa iphepha, ebekubuyisela igolide yakhe.



Ngoko ke, endaweni yokuqala babange igolide yabo ngephepha, bebesuka batshintshise iphepha ngento abayifunayo, kuba umntu ebebemnike iphepha, unako ukufuna igolide emva kwethuba. Emva kwethuba, abantu abaphindanga bazikhathaza ngokubanga igolide kuba bebenephepha elibonisa ukuba ingakanani igolide abanayo. Namhla wonke umntu uyayamkela imali yephepha.



Abantu bayizuza njani imali?

Umntu angayizuza imali kuphela ngokufumana umvuzo okanye ngokufumana ingeniso kwishishini lakhe eliyimpumelelo.



Ingeniso

Kwihlabathi lanamhla lezinto zala maxesha, ngendlela ethe nqo okanye engathanga nqo amashishini anika zonke iimfuno zabantu. Iinkonzo ezinikwayo okanye iimveliso ezinikwayo ziyathengiswa ngamashishini ukuze imali ezuzwe ngezi nkonzo nangezi mveliso zibe yingeniso yeshishini. Imizekelo yeemveliso kukutya, impahla yokunxiba, izithuthi, ifanitshala nekhusi. Imizekelo yeenkonzo ziinkonzo zonyango, iinkonzo zobonelelo lwesikolo nezoqeqesho nezonxibelelwano. Lo mba wengeniso ukwagxininisa inyaniso yokuba namhla umntu kufuneka azibonelele ngenkoliso yezi mfuno.





Inkcitho

Ngethuba lenkqubo yokunika iinkonzo kunye/okanye ukuvelisa iimveliso ishishini lifumana iindleko okanye iinkcitho ezithile. Ezi ndleko zahlulwa ngokwamaqela amathathu.



Iindleko ezahluka-hlukayo (iindleko zomsebenzi wokuvelisa)

Iindleko ezahluka-hlukileyo zingumsebenzi weziphumo kwaye zifumaneka kuphela xa kukho imveliso. Ngoko ke kukho ubudlelwana phakathi komthamo wemveliso neendleko. Ukuba umnini-mfuyo usenga iinkomo ezilishumi kuphela, iindleko zakho ezahluka-hlukayo ezifana nemivuzo, imixube ejiyileyo, ifula eseziseleni kunye neendleko zokuthuthwa kobisi zinganeno kwezo beziya kubakho xa iinkomo bezingama-50. Imizekelo yeendleko ezahluka-hlukayo zesichumiso, imbewu, imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula, umsebenzi wobhambathiso, amayeza emfuyo, izikhothwa, imixube ejiyileyo, izibaseli, abasebenzi bamaxesha athile, ukubekelelwa kwezinto neendleko zokuthengisa.



Iindleko ezisisigxina

Iindleko ezisisigxina zenza laa nxalenye yeendleko ezisisixa esipheleleyo esala ingaguqukanga ngesicwangciso semveliso esithile kungakhathaliseki ukuba kuveliswe isixa esingaphezulu okanye esinganeno. Iindleko ezisisigxina ngoko ke azahluka-hluki kwithuba elifutshane. Zinako ke ngoko, ukwahluka kwithuba elide njengesiphumo senguquko kwisicwangciso semveliso.



Ukuba umlimi wakhe ishedi yokusenga yeenkomo ezingama-50 (isicwangciso sakhe semveliso), iindleko ezisisigxina zeshedi, njengenzala kwimali eyinkunzi kunye nokuhla kwexabiso lezixhobo zokusebenza, ngoko ke liya kuhlala lisisigxina nokuba umlimi uyisebenzisela iinkomo ezilishumi okanye ezingama-50. Nangona kunjalo, xa umlimi enokuguqula isicwangciso sakhe semveliso aze andise ishedi ukuba ikwazi ukufaka iinkomo ezingama-80, iindleko ezisisigxina nazo ziya kuguquka kuba isicwangciso semveliso naso siguqukile. Imizekelo yeendleko ezisisigxina kukuthotywa kwamaxabiso (ukungabikho kwemali esesandleni, inzala, izavenga zeinshorensi, irenti kunye nabasebenzi abasisigxina. Iindleko ziba sisigxina kuphela xa sezifumanekile. Phambi kokuba ithengwe itrektara, zonke iindleko zetrektara ziyahluka-hluka. Yakuba ithengiwe itrektara, iindleko ezisisigxina ngokuphathelele kuyo, ezifana nokuthotywa kwamaxabiso, inzala, iilayisensi kunye neinshorensi, ngoku ziba sisigxina. Le mibango yeendleko ayahluka-hluki ngokweziphumo ngoko ke ayiphenjelelwa ziinguquko zemveliso kwithuba elifutshane. 



Ukusindiswa kwemali eyinkunzi (ukuthotywa kamaxabiso)

Ukuthotywa kwamaxabiso yinkcitho yokungasebenzisi mali enxulumene nokuthotywa kwamaxabiso ezinto ezibubutyebi xa zinokuthengiswa ngenxa yokusebenziseka kwazo nobudala bazo.



Iindleko zenzala nezokunika inkxaso 

Inzala yimbuyekezo yemali yokusetyenziswa kwemali eyinkunzi yangaphandle okanye ebolekiweyo.



Iindleko ezisisixa esipheleleyo

Iindleko ezisisixa esipheleleyo sisixa sisonke seendleko ezisisixa esipheleleyo kunye nezesixa esahluka-hlukileyo esipheleleyo kwaye ziboniswa kwisazobe 1.1.



Isazobe 1.1	





	Iindleko ezipheleleyo

 







 

 Iindleko 							Iindleko ezahluka-hlukayo

 (Iindleko zemveliso)

	



 (R)





 					 Iindleko ezisisigxina (Iindleko zokuqhuba ishishini)



 

Isiphumo (Y)





Inzuzo/Ilahleko

Inzuzo ilingana nengeniso engaphezu kweendleko ezisisixa esipheleleyo okanye iinkcitho ezisisixa esipheleleyo okanye xa iinkcitho zingaphezu kwengeniso kubakho ilahleko eyenzekayo.



Ingeniso – Iinkcitho = Inzuzo/Ilahleko (I – E = P/L)


 

 


Okanye ngokwemigqaliselo yezolimo:





Ingeniso – Iinkcitho zemveliso = Umda wengeniso – Iindleko ezisisigxina = Ingeniso yeFama engesosixa sipheleleyo (Inzuzo/Ilahleko)


 

 


Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba xa ishishini lisenza inzuzo bonke abaqeshwa ngokunjalo nomnini/abanini bafumana imali abanokuyisebenzisa ukwanelisa iimfuno zabo. Ngoko ke, iinzuzo kufuneka zilondolozwe kwithuba elide, kugxininiswe ukubaluleka kwezenzo zokufama ezilondolozekayo. Xa ishishini, nokuba kungayiphi indlela lisenza ilahleko, kufuneka izinto ziguquke. Nangona abaqeshwa benokuyifumana imivuzo (imali) umnini/abanini abasayi kufumana nzuzo kwaye baya kunyanzeleka ukuphinda baqwalasele ishishini labo ukuze baphungule iilahleko. Amanyathelo anokuqwalaselwa anokubandakanya ukudendwa kwabaqeshwa. Xa kujongwa kwelinye icala, khangela isazobe esilandelayo:



Isazobe 1.2 

										 Costs

									           Ilahleko

										 Ingeniso





R

	 

Inzuzo

Indawo yokuqhawuka okulungeleleneyo









Iminyaka (Ixesha)



Ekuhambeni kwexesha ingeniso neenkcitho zamashishini okufama ziye zanda ngenxa yengeniso yeemveliso eye yathi chatha ngokuphakama (ukunyuka kwexabiso) neendleko ezingaphaya kunezesiqhelo (ukunyuka kwamaxabiso). Nangona kunjalo, iengile ebonisa ukunyuka ikwiiengile ezahluka-hlukeneyo, ngoko ke isithuba siyavaleka. Kanti kuba nzima nangaphezulu ukwenza inzuzo. Amashishini okufama angabathabathi bamaxabiso ngenxa yoko awakwazi ukuthengisa iimveliso zabo ngamaxabiso aphezulu azibekela wona.



Ingeniso inokunyuswa ngokunyusa imveliso ngomlinganiselo ngamnye (umbona – itoni/ihektare) kunye/okanye izicwangciso zemveliso eziphuculweyo (umsebenzi wokufama ngokuchanekileyo) kunye/okanye ngemveliso eyandiswayo. Iindleko zinokucuthwa ngokuzingela amaxabiso aphantsi amagalelo kunye/okanye ukunciphisa iindleko ngokudenda abaqeshwa kunye/okanye ukulawula iindleko ngokuphumeza ulwabiwo-mali kunye/okanye imveliso ethe chatha. 



Elokuqoshelisa, ishishini linika abantu iimfuno zabo. Nangona kunjalo, ishishini linokuba nempumelelo kuphela xa iinzuzo zigcinwe ngokwesiseko esilondolozekayo. Xa iinzuzo zisenziwa ngokwesiseko esilondolozekayo wonke umntu osefama uyaxhamla kwinzuzo efumanekayo. Xa kusoloko kukho iilahleko wonke umntu uyacinezeleka ngenxa yokucuthwa kokunyuka kwemivuzo okanye ukudendwa, kodwa iba ngumnini osemngciphekweni wokulahlekelwa yiyo yonke into kubandakanywa nezinto ezizezakhe.

