Isebe lezoBugcisa neNkcubeko
ISAKHELO SENKQUBO
YOLWIMI YESIZWE
IZIQULATHO
INTSHAYELELO NGUMPHATHISWA WEZOBUGCISA, INKCUBEKO, 4 INZULULWAZI NOBUCHWEPHESHE
ULUHLU LWEZIFINYEZO 5
ICANDELO1 IMVELAPHI NENTSINGISELO
Intshayelelo 7
Intsingiselo yeMbali 8
ICANDELO 2 IMIBA ENGUNDOQO YENKQUBO
Iinjongo 11
Imithetho- siseko 12
Indlela 13
Umda 15
ICANDELO 3 UPHUHLISO LWEZAKHONO
ICANDELO 4 IZICWANGCISO ZOKUPHUMEZA
ULUHLU LWEENKCAZELO 18
INTSHAYELELO NGUMPHATHISWA WEZOBUGCISA, INKCUBEKO, INZULULWAZI
Ulwimi lomntu ngandlela zonke "luyinxalenye yakhe": ibango lendalo lomntu wonke ophilileyo, esilisebenzisayo ukuveza iminqweno nezimvo zethu, ukucacisa iingcinga nokuxabiseka kwethu, ukuphonononga amava namasiko ethu, nokwakha uluntu lwethu nemithetho elawulayo. Kungolwimi ukuba sibe sisebenza njengabantu kwilizwe elitshintsha njalo. Ilungelo lokusebenzisa iilwimi zethu ezisemthethweni esizikhetheleyo lukhankanyiwe kuMthetho wamaLungelo oYilwayo yaye uMgaqo-siseko wethu uvuma ukuba iilwimi zabantu bethu ngumthombo wolwazi ekufuneka uqiniswe.
Ndizingca ngakumbi, emva kwenkqubo ecokisekileyo yeengcebiswano, ekugqibeleni sikwimo yokubhengeza iSakhelo senkqubo yolwimi yaseMzantsi Afrika. Oku kukugqitywa kwenkqubo eyayiqalwe ngowe 1995 xa ndandiqeshe iQela elinoXanduva loCwangciso loLwimi (Language Plan Task Group)(LANGTAG) ukundicebisa ngeSakhelo seNkqubo yoLwimi nesicwangciso esidibeneyo. Eli nyathelo laliyimfuneko ngokujonga ukunqongophala kokunyamezela iyantlukwano kwiilwimi yaye isiphumo "seelwimi ngeelwimi siyingxaki eyinkcitho" yindlela ecacileyo kwamanye amasebe oluntu lwethu, kwakhona unyembo olukhulayo kubantu bolwimi ngomkhwa wolwimi olunye eMzantsi Afrika.
Isakhelo senkqubo yoLwimi yeSizwe sisekeke kwisiphumo seenkqubo zethu zokucebisana, ngo-LANGTAG nangeenzame zeSebe ngokuhlangeneyo noLuhlu lwabantu oluCebisayo kwiNkqubo yoLwimi. Isakhelo senkqubo yolwimi yesizwe sibalulekile kulawulo lwemithombo yethu yolwimi eyahlukeneyo nokuphumelela kwenjongo karhulumente ukunyusa inkululeko, ubulungisa, ukufaneleka nomanyano lwesizwe. Kungalo moya ukuba uphuhliso lweelwimi ezili-11 ezisemthethweni zelizwe lethu njengoko kubekiwe kuMgaqo-siseko luthathe iqonga eliphezulu kwinkqubo.
Esi Sakhelo seNkqubo sikwathatha unakano lomba wokuba ixabiso leelwimi zethu luqinisekiswa kakhulu luqoqosho, intlalo nopolitiko lokusetyenziswa kwazo. Xa ulwimi luphelelwe lixabiso kwezi zibakala isidima solwimi siyaduka. Isakhelo senkqubo yolwimi yesizwe sikwaqwalasela nokuba sijongene nomceli mngeni wobumbano yaye iilwimi zethu zesintu kufuneka zibe yinxalenye yommandla wobuchwepheshe obunwena ngokukhawuleza. Ngoko ke sijonge ukuqinisa kwakhona isidima nosetyenziso lweeLwimi zesiNtu zaseMzantsi Afrika.
Ndithemba ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba bonke abantu baseMzantsi Afrika baza kusamkela esi sakhelo seNkqubo yoLwimi yeSizwe njengesabo. Ndikholelwa ukuba ngokuhlangeneyo kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba inkqubo ibubunyani ebomini bethu, ivuma yaye isenza ukuba sibe nebhongo ngobuni bethu obubodwa boMzantsi Afrika.
ULUHLU LWEZIFINYEZO
ICANDELO 1: IMVELAPHI NENTSINGISELO
Intshayelelo
Malunga nama 25 eelwimi ezahlukeneyo ezithethwayo eMzantsi Afrika, kuzo ezili 11 ezithe zanikwa ibakala elisemthethweni ngokwayamene neCandelo 6 loMgaqo-siseko,ka-1996 (UMthetho No. 108 wama 1996), phantsi kwemiba yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwazo kuquka malunga nama 98 eepesenti zoluntu luphela.
UMzantsi Afrika lilizwe elinobuninzi beelwimi. Uphawu olothusayo lobuninzi beelwimi eMzantsi Afrika ngumba wokuba iilwimi zesiNtu ezininzi zithethwa kwimida yonke yephondo, zisetyenziswa ngabathethi bolwimi bamaphondo awohlukeneyo.
Ngoku kukho ukuqonda okumandla kwemfuneko yokuqinisa iinzame zokuphuhlisa iilwimi zesintu ebezihlelelekile mandulo ukuphakamisa ubuninzi bolwimi ngenjongo yokukhulula abantu baseMzantsi Afrika kuxhomekeko olungafanelekanga lokusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezingezizo ezesiNtu njengeelwimi ezisemthethweni eziveleleyo zikaRhulumente.
Ukuza kutsho ngoku ulawulo lweyantlukwano yeelwimi kuMzantsi Afrika wamandulo wocalulo lwenziwe lwayingxaki ngenxa yokusilela kwenkqubo yolwimi ecacileyo, ekhokelela ekusetyenzisweni kwesiNgesi nesiBhulu njengezona lwiimi ziveleleyo kwimihlaba yentlalo-qoqosho nopolitiko loluntu lwethu.
Emva kweminyaka esibhozo yenkululeko, uMzantsi Afrika ngoku ufikelele kumba obalulekileyo kwimbali yawo apho kufuneka sisabele kwiyantlukwano yeelwimi nenkcubeko nakwimiceli mngeni yobuninzi beelwimi obukumgaqo-siseko, yiloo nto kuvezwe esi Sakhelo seNkqubo yoLwimi yeSizwe.
Le nkqubo yoxwebhu lesakhelo ayiqalisi kuphela indlela entsha yobuninzi beelwimi eMzantsi Afrika koko ikwakhuthaza ngokumandla ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi zesiNtu njengeelwimi ezisemthethweni ukuphakamisa nokuphuhlisa umanyano lwesizwe. Iqwalasela ukwamkelwa okuphangaleleyo kweyantlukwano yeelwimi, ubulungisa bentlalo, umthetho siseko wokufumana okulinganayo kwiinkonzo zoluntu neenkqubo, nokuhlonitshwa kwamalungelo olwimi.
Esi sakhelo sibeka ubume obufanelekileyo bolwabiwo oludibeneyo lobuninzi beelwimi kwimiba yoMgaqo-siseko.
Intsingiselo yeMbali
Ukususela ekufikeni kokuqala kwamaDatshi eMzantsi Afrika ngowama-1652, kwixesha lolawulo olulandelelanayo lwamaNgesi, iManyano yoMzantsi Afrika, yaye kamva ukubekwa kukaRhulumente wengcinezelo noweRiphablikhi yaseMzantsi Afrika, nokufika kwedemokrasi ngo-1994 namalungiselelo oMgaqo-siseko kubuninzi beelwimi ezisemthethweni, inkqubo yolwimi lukaRhulumente nabaphetheyo ayikwazanga kuphumelela ukunakana iyantlukwano yeelwimi eMzantsi Afrika.
Le meko yaba neziphumo zokungalingani kweelwimi nokuvelela kwesiNgesi nesiBhulu kwadala unxulumano olungalinganiyo phakathi kwezi lwiimi kunye neelwimi zesiNtu.
Ngako oko, iinkqubo zolwimi zezithanga nezocalulo, kunye neenkqubo zopolitiko ezentlalo nezoqoqosho, zavelisa uluhlu lweelwimi, ukungalingani okwahlutywa yimibutho yobuhlanga nocalulo olungalinganiyo olwenze uluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika.
Zonke ezi zenzo zadala inyaniso ecacileyo yesiphumo somgangatho weelwimi zesintu neelwimi ezizindidi ngeendidi zama-Afrika namanye amaqela ahlelelekileyo ukuquka neziThulu neeMfama - kunyanzelwa iingcinga ezigxekayo zeelwimi zesiNtu, ezingenziwa kuphela ngabathethi besiNgesi nesiBhulu, koko kwanangabathethi abaninzi beelwimi zesiNtu ngokwabo.
Le meko yandiswa ngumba wokuba ukuba ngenxa yokungakhathaleli ixesha elizayo nangezimvo ezenziwe ngokwemimiselo malunga nokuphumeza iilwimi ngeelwimi,amaziko oluntu nawabucala anento yokuthatha izigqibo ezikhawulezileyo zolwimi .
Icandelo 6 loMgaqo-siseko lunika isakhelo esiyintloko esisemthethweni sobuninzi beelwimi, uphuhliso lweelwimi ezisemthethweni nokuphakamisa ukuxabisa nokwamkela iyantlukwano yeelwimi zaseMzantsi Afrika. Inika abemi amalungelo olwimi, ekufuneka ebonakaliswe kwiinkqubo zolwimi zesizwe.
Umgaqo-siseko ugxininisa ukuba zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni "mazixhamle isidima esifanayo" zize ziphathwe ngokufanayo, ngako oko kuqiniswe umgangatho nosetyenziso lweelwimi zesintu, norhulumente ethatha amanyathelo omthetho nangamanye ukumisela nokulawula usetyenziso lweelwimi zesiNtu ezihlelelekileyo.
Umgaqo-siseko uyalele utshintsho kwimeko yolwimi kwilizwe liphela, unika ingqiqo yentlalo nopolitiko kumaqela eelwimi ezihlelelekileyo ngokubhekiselele " kwiimfuno ezixeliweyo zabahlali namaqela anomdla".
Icandelo 6 loMgaqo-siseko lifuna ukuba kubekwe ngendlela iinkqubo zokusebenza ukuphuhlisa ezi lwimi zesiNtu.
Icandelo lesi-6 nelesi- anamalungiselelo anxulumene nolwimi ngooRhulumente besizwe nabamaphondo, nalapho amasebe kaRhulumente kufuneka asebenzise ubuncinane beelwimi ezimbini ezisemthethweni.
Amanye amalungiselelo afanelekileyo aphathelele kwimiba yolwimi enziwe kwenye indawo kuMgaqo-siseko. Icandelo lesi-9 likhusela ngokuchaseneyo nocalulo olungafanelekanga ngokuphathelele kulwimi, ngexesha amacandelo 30 no 31 ebhekiselela kumalungelo oluntu ngokwayamene nokuthatha inxaxheba kwinkcubeko, inkolo nolwimi nolonwabo. Icandelo lama-35 nelesi abhekiselela kumalungelo olwimi abantu ababanjiweyo, abagciniweyo nabatyholwayo, ngokugxininisa ngakumbi kwilungelo lokuthethwa kwetyala okulungileyo ngeenkqubo ezenziwe okanye ezitolikwe ngolwimi olukhethwe nguloo mntu.
Isebe lezeMfundo (DoE) liveze "iNkqubo yoLwimi kwiMfundo (LiEP), egxininisa iilwimi ezininzi njengokunatyiswa kweyantlukwano yenkcubeko nendawo ephambili yokwakha uMzantsi Afrika ongenabuhlanga. Umgqaliselo kubafundi kukugcina ulwimi lwasekhaya lokufunda nokufundisa, kodwa ukukhuthaza abafundi ukuzuza iilwimi ezongezelelweyo. ILiEP isebenza ngemiba enje (ngo/ngee)lwimi zokufunda nezokufundisa kwizikolo zikawonke-wonke, iikharityhulamu zesikolo, nemisebenzi enxulumene nolwimi yamasebe emfundo ephondo neebhodi ezilawula isikolo.
Umgaqo-siseko nonxulumano lowiso-mithetho kucaca ngokuphandle ukuphakanyiswa kobuninzi beelwimi eMzantsi Afrika. Esi Sakhelo seNkqubo ngako oko simelwe kukulungiselela ngokwanelisayo udibaniso lwenkqubo yolwimi kwimigangatho yomithathu kaRhulumente size sicacise imiba yenkqubo ecacileyo kumgangatho nosetyenziso lweelwimi zesintu ezisemthethweni kumaphondo onke alithoba eMzantsi Afrika.
ICANDELO 2: IMIBA ENGUNDOQO YENKQUBO
Iinjongo
Inkqubo yolwimi ithathela ingqalelo amalungiselelo omgaqo-siseko kubuninzi beelwimi yaye ihambelana neenjongo zikaRhulumente zophuhliso loqoqosho, intlalo yopolitiko nemfundo. Iinjongo zayo -
Kukuphakamisa ukusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kweelwimi ezili-11 ezisemthethweni;
Kukwenza ngokulula ukufumaneka okufanelekileyo kweenkonzo zikaRhulumente, ulwazi neenkcukacha;
Kukuqinisekisa ukulungelelanisa iilwimi zesiNtu ezisemthethweni ebezihlelelekile ngaphambili;
Kukuveza nokulolonga isifundo esicacileyo kubuninzi bolwimi nabathethi bolwimi;
Kukukhuthaza ukufundwa kwezinye iilwimi zesiNtu ezisemthethweni ukunyusa ubumbano lwesizwe, neyantlukwano yolwimi nenkcubeko; no-
Kuphakamisa ulawulo olulungileyo lolwimi lwenkonzo yolawulo yoluntu efanelekileyo ukuhlangabezana nokulindelweyo neemfuno zabaxhasi.
Imithetho siseko
Inkqubo yolwimi ibhekiselele kule mithetho siseko ilandelayo:
Ukuzinikela kuphuhliso lolwimi olufanelekileyo namalungelo olwimi njengoko kufunwa lulawulo lolwazelelelo olukhululekileyo;
ukuqonda ukuba iilwimi yimithombo yokwandisa ulwazi ngokupheleleyo, ubunkcutshe nokuthatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kwiimeko zopolitiko nezentlalo yoqoqosho;
ukusebenza ngolwahlulelwano oluhlangeneyo ukuphakamisa ubuninzi beelwimi zomgaqo-siseko;
ukunqanda ukusetyenziswa kwalo naluphina ulwimi ngeenjongo zokuxhaphaza, ukuvelela nokucalula; noku qinisa ukuzicingela kwabantu ekuhlangabezeni umdla, iimfuno nolangazelelo lweendidi ezinabileyo zabathethi bolwimi ngengxoxo nocamngco oluqhubekayo.
Indlela
Indlela iqonda oku kulandelayo:
Ukunyusa ubuninzi beelwimi eMzantsi Afrika kufuna iinzame ezingathi zingalujongi ulwazi olukhoyo kuluntu apho iilwimi zesintu ezisemthethweni ziphambili. Oku kuza kwenziwa lusetyenziso lokubandakanywa kwabahlali njengabathathi nxaxheba kwiinkqubo zophuhliso lolwimi.
Iza kuba luncedo ukubandakanya iinkcutshe zolwimi ukuncedisa kwinkqubo yokuphuhlisa iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zobuninzi beelwimi ngophando nokusasazwa kweziphumo.
Ukwenza intsebenziswano nolwabelwano loxanduva phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu eSADC ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso lolwimi.
Kuza kuba yimfuneko ukuqhuba iinkqubo zokuhlaziya ukwenzela kulawulwe inkqubela phambili kuluntu lwaseMzantsi Afrika olubuninzi bolwimi bupheleleyo.
Uluntu olusekelwe kwindlela ekuphakanyisweni kweelwimi ezahlukeneyo yeyona inokwenzeka, enikwa uluntu loMzantsi Afrika onezigxina ezininzi ngexesha elinye. Makubekho indlela ekwabelwana ngayo amagunya kwaye ibe yeyothabatho nxaxheba kuyilo lweelwimi kunye nakuphumezo lwenkqubo enyusa ubuchule bobugcisa ukuze idlulise ulwazi nezakhono.
Umda wenkqubo
Umda okanye imimiselo yenkqubo ingoku kulandelayo:
Zonke izakhiwo zikaRhulumente (ezesizwe, zamaphondo kunye noorhulumente beengingqi), ngokunjalo namaziko asebenzisa amagunya karhulumente okanye enza umsebenzi karhulumente ngokomthetho abotshelelwe sesi Sakhelo seNkqubo yoLwimi.
Ekuphakamiseni iilwimi ezininzi amaphondo ayawukwenza iinkqubo zawo ezingqinelanayo nemigaqo equlethwe kwesi Sakhelo seNkqubo, bethathela ingqalelo iimeko zemimandla yabo, kunye neemfuno zabo nokukhethwa kwalo luluntu njengoko kuxeliwe kuMgaqo-siseko.
Oorhulumente beengingqi bayakumisela ukusetyenziswa kolwimi kunye nokukhethwa luluntu kwiSakhelo seNkqubo sephondo esivumayo. Ekumiselweni kolwimi emalusetyenziswe kunye nokukhethwa luluntu, oorhulumente beengingqi, kufuneka ngokucebisana okubanzi kunye noluntu lwabo, baphuhlise, bapapashe kwaye baphumeze inkqubo yeelwimi ezininzi.
Iilwimi ezisemthethweni ziza kusetyenziswa njengoko kuyimfuneko kwimisebenzi yazo zonke izindlu zowiso-mthetho, kuqukwa neencwadi ze-Hansard, njengomcimbi wokulunga, ngaphandle kokuba kwimeko yowiso-mthetho lwamaphondo, iimeko zemimandla ziyakumisela u(ii)lwimi omalusetyenziswe.
URhulumente uyakukhuthaza, kwaye apho kukho imfuneko axhase, amashishini abucala ukuba aphuhlise kwaye aphumeze iinkqubo zawo zeelwimi ngokuvumelana neSakhelo seNkqubo yolwimi yesizwe.
Ukunyusa iilwimi ezininzi le nkqubo imisela ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezahlukeneyo kwizakhiwo zikaRhulumente njengale ndlela ilandelayo:
U(ii)lwimi zokusebenza/u(ii)lwimi lwerekhodi: Ngokuvumelana, isakhiwo sikarhulumente ngasinye kufuneka sivumelane ngo(ii)lwimi lokusebenza (ngeenjongo zonxibelelwano lwangaphakathi kunye namanye amasebe); Ngaphandle kokuba apho kunokwenzeka akukho mntu uyakuthintelwa ukuba asebenzise u(ii)lwimi alukhethayo. Ngeenjongo zokuqhuba iintlanganiso okanye zokwenza imisebenzi ekhethekileyo zonke mazenziwe iinzame zokusebenzisa izibonelelo ezifana noguqulo kunye/okanye ukutolika (zombini ngokulandelelanayo nangaxeshanye, ngokunjalo nokutolika okusebezayo) ukulwenza lula ulwimi apho kunokwenzeka khona.
UNxibelelwano kunye namalungu oluntu: Ngeenjongo zeembalelwano ezisemthethweni, ulwimi olukhethwa ngummi malusetyenziswe. Lonke unxibelelwano lomlomo malwenzeke malwenziwe ngolwimi olukhethekayo loluntu ekujoliswe kulo. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, zonke iinzame mazenziwe ezokusebenzisa izibonelelo zokwenza lula ulwimi njengokutolika (okulandelelanayo, okwaxesha nye, olomnxeba notoliko olusebezayo ) apho kunokwenzeka khona.
UShicilelo lukaRhulumente: inkqubo yopapasho yeelwimi ezininzi ezisebenzayo kufuneka ilandelwe ngamasebe kaRhulumente esizwe kwezi zehlo zingafuni ushicilelo ngazo zoli-11 iilwimi ezisemthethweni nakwiilwimi ezimiselwe amaphondo
Apho umsebenzi onamandla nozinzileyo kaRhulumente kuwo nakuwuphi na umgangatho ufuna ulwazi lonxibelelwano olubanzi, kufuneka ushicilelwe ngazo zoli-11 iilwimi ezisemthethweni kunye nakumaphondo, ngazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni ezimiselweyo.
Kwizehlo apho amaxwebhu asebuRhulumenteni angazi kufumaneka ngazo zoli-11 iilwimi ezisemthethweni, amasebe kaRhulumente wesizwe funeka apapashe amaxwebhu ngaxeshanye okungenani ngeelwimi ezintandathu. Ukhetho lweelwimi luyawukwenziwa ngoku kulandelayo:
Umthetho-siseko wokutshintsha kufuneka usetyenziswe xa kukhethwa iilwimi zokupapashwa kwamaxwebhu kaRhulumente kwiilwimi zesiNguni kunye nesiSotho.
uNxibelelwano lwangaphakathi: Unxibelelwano lukaRhulumente kumgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe iya kuba sisiNgesi okanye kulungiselelwe ulwimi olukhethwayo lwelo lizwe libandakanyekayo
Icandelo lesi-3:Uphuhliso lwezakhono
Ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yeelwimi kuyakunyusa imfuno yomsebenzi wokuguqula kunye nokuhlela kunye neenkonzo zokutolika, ingakumbi kwiilwimi zesintu. Undoqo wobuchule bokuguqula kwezi lwimi kuyakufuneka ukuba unatyiswe kumasebe kaRhulumente nakumacandelo abucala, oko kukuthi, kubasebenzi ngeelwimi abasebenza ixeshana abanjengabaguquli, abahleli kunye neetoliki eziza kufuna ukuphuhliswa. Imfuno enyukileyo yeenkonzo zabasebenzi ngeelwimi abaqinisekisiweyo iyakufuna uqeqesho lwezakhono olungaphaya.
Ukusekwa kweeyunithi zeelwimi kwisebe ngalinye likarhulumente wesizwe kunye nakwiphondo ngalinye nako kuyakwenza into kumda wemisebenzi yeNkonzo yeeLwimi zeSizwe. I-NLS kuyakufuneka ukuba ilungelelanise ulawulo lokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo ngokwenza lula uqeqesho lweyunithi yesitafu seelwimi kwimisebenzi yoyilo lweelwimi kunye nokuxhasa iinkqubo zokusebenza zezi yunithi. I-NLS iya kuba yimfanelo yayo ukulungelelanisa uphuhliso lweenkqubo zokuqeqesha zabaguquli, abahleli kunye neetoliki, kunye nokuseka imigaqo yokusebenza kwimiba yobulunga.
Imimandla ye-terminography kunye nesigama nayo iya kuchaphazeleka. Ukunyuka kumsebenzi woguqulo uyakufuna uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwesigama kwiilwimi ezisemthethweni kunye noVimba wamagama weSizwe ofikelelekayo kubo bobabini abasebenzi ngeelwimi bakarhulumente nabasebenza ngamathuba athile.
Ukufumaneka kokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe beelwimi obunokusetyenziswa ngumntu (HLT)(umzekelo, uguqulo oluncediswa ngumatshini, iinkumbulo zoguqulo, isikhangeli magama) kwiilwimi zesintu kuyakudlala indima enkulu exhasayo ekwenziweni lula kwemisebenzi yeelwimi.
Indlela yobungakanani beeyunithi zeelwimi iyakumiselwa kwaye uqeqesho lwezakhono kulo mmandla kuyakufuneka ukuba kuqalwe ngalo emva kokucingwa kwenani leelwimi ezisemthethweni eziza kusetyenziswa.Iiyunithi zinesitafu esiqinisekisiweyo esingabantu abane okanye ngaphezulu, abaza kufuna oomabhalane
Icandelo lesi- 4: iziCwangciso zokuphumeza
Ukungeniswa okuqhubayo kokungeniswa kwenkqubo ngexesha elifutshane, eliphakathi nelide sesona sicwangciso sikhethekayo kuyo yonke imigangatho.
Ngokumayela noshicilelo lukarhulumente, uphunyezo luyakungeniswa ngendlela evumayo nejonga okubambekayo kwizibonelelo zikarhulumente okungenani kwixesha leminyaka emithathu. Okuhle kule ndlela yokungenisa kancinane kukuba amasebe aza kuba nakho ukuphuhlisa izakhono ngokwandisayo kwaye alawule inkqubo yophunyezo ngamandla.
Izakhiwo zikarhulumente ziya kuba nexesha lokuceba uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwazo ngokwenyusa kancinane ulwabiwo kwixesha le-MTEF kunye nemisebenzi yokuyila engqinelanayo nezibonelelo ezifunekayo kuphunyezo olunempumelelo lwenkqubo.
Iindlela zokuhlola ukuqinisekisa ubulunga beenkonzo zoguqulo kunye nokuhlela ziyakuphuhliswa.
Uphengululo lwenkqubo luyakuqhutywa rhoqo kwaye izindululo ziyawukwenzelwa ukuba zilungiswe apho kukho khona imfuneko ukwenzela ukuba uhlahlo lwabiwo mali lunyenyiswe.
Izakhiwo ezifunekayo ukwenzela ukuqhuba inkqubo ziya kubekwa endaweni. Oku kuza kuquka ukusekwa kweeyunithi zeelwimi kuwo onke amasebe esizwe kaRhulumente kunye nakumaphondo ukuze alawule -
Unxibelelwano lomlomo lwangaphakathi noluphakathi kwamasebe kuwo onke amacandelo kaRhulumente;
Unxibelelwano olubhaliweyo lwangaphakathi noluphakathi kwamasebe kuwo onke amacandelo kaRhulumente;
unxibelelwano lomlomo noluntu unxibelelwano olubhaliweyo noluntu; kunye nonxibelelwano lwamazwe ngamazwe apho kukho khona imfuneko.
Iimfanelo ezongezelelekileyo zikaRhulumente malunga nokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yeelwimi yesizwe zingoku kulandelayo:
ukuxhasa uphuhliso lwemicimbi yabasebenzi olufunekayo bokuphunyezwa kweelwimi ezininzi olunempumelelo;
ukulawula umsebenzi wokwenza lula iilwimi umzekelo uguqulo, utoliko kunye nesigama, ngophuhliso kunye nomthetho ofanelekileyo;
ukuxhasa iinzame ezikhethekileyo zokulungisa kunye/okanye iinkqubo zeelwimi zesintu ezingasiwa so, iilwimi zesintu kunye neelwimi zama-Khoi, San kunye nezama-Nama, ngokunjalo no(ii)lwimi lweZandla loMzantsi Afrika; kunye nokuxhasa ukufundwa kunye nokufundiswa kwazo zonke iilwimi ezisemthethweni zoMzantsi Afrika kuyo yonke imigangatho yesikolo.
Uluhlu lweenkcazelo lwimi-mbini Isenzo sokusebenzisa iilwimi ezimbini (akukho mfuneko yokusetyenziswa ngobuchule obulinganayo kuzo zombini).
ukuphuhliswa kolwimi Ukuphakanyiswa kolwimi ngokulubhala, ukufanisa isigama kunye nokunatyiswa kwemisebenzi ukwenzela ukuba ulwimi lusetyenziswe nakwabeendaba, kwimfundo, kwiinkqubo zomthetho kunye nolawulo, kunye nokunika umda jikelele kushicilelo lwemisebenzi yoncwadi kolo lwimi.
ukuhlela Isenzo sokufaka izilungiso kulwimi kunye/okanye isimbo kwimihlathi ebhaliweyo ubulungisa Ubulunga bokulunga, ukungakhethi, umsebenzi olinganayo; okufanelekileyo nokulungileyo.
iilwimi ezininzi ezisebenzayo Kubhekisele kukhetho lo (ii) lwimi oluthile kwisimo esikhethekileyo, kumiselwa ngumxholo apho ulwimi lusetyenziswe khona, njengomsebenzi, ababukeli kunye nomyalezo olusetyenziselwe wona.
iilwimi zelifa Iilwimi ezingasizizo ezemveli zelizwe kodwa ezize nabafuduki iilwimi ezihlelelekileyo ngokwembali NgokwaseMzantsi Afrika, ezi ziilwimi ezabekwa ezantsi ngokwesikhundla ngaloo maqela ebenamandla ngaphambili kwaye, ngenxa yoko ebezingasetyenziswa okanye ziphuhliswe khon'ukuze zisetyenziswe kwiindaba, kwimfundo (emva kwemfundo yabasaqalayo), okanye kuwonke-wonke okanye kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo ngokoqoqosho. Yinkxaso encinane eyanikwayo kuphuhliso lweendlela zobugcisa bomlomo kwezi lwimi. Ziquka iilwimi zesintu, iilwimi zamafa kunye ne-SASL.
ubuchwepheshe beelwimi zabantu Ukusetyenziswa kolwazi lolwimi kuphuhliso lwezixokelelwano zekhompyutha ezinokubona, ziqonde, zitolike kwaye ziveze ulwimi lwabantu ngazo zonke iintlobo; njengophuhliso lwemisebenzi eyenza ukuba abantu bakwazi ukusebenza ngeekhompyutha.
ulwimi lwemveli Ulwimi lwemveli lwelo lizwe.
ukutolika Isenzo sokuthetha utolike ususa kulwimi olusisiseko usisa kulwimi ekujoliswe kulo.
ukuqondwa kolwimi Ubuntununtunu bokuba ulwimi lusetyenziswa njani na kuluntu, nokuba abasebenzisi bayanikwa na amalungelo abo eelwimi, kunye nokuba ulwimi lusetyenziswa njani na ukwazisa okanye ukungazisi.
ukulingana kweelwimi Ngokwemiqathango yomgaqo-siseko, zonke iilwimi fanele ukuba zifumana intlonelo elinganayo.Ukuphathwa okulinganayo kweelwimi ezimbini nangaphezulu, ingakumbi ngokumayela neendawo ezisemthethweni zoluntu ezifana nomthetho, ubulungisa, ulawulo loluntu kunye nomyalelo.
ubulungisa belwimi Ubulunga bommiselo wolwimi kunye/okanye ukuphathwa kweelwimi ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu. Imiba efana nenani lezithethi kunye nesikhundla solwimi sinokuchaphazela inkqubo ekubeni imisele iindawo zokusetyenziswa kolwimi oluthile. Oku kunokungalingani "(A) uRhulumente akanakusebenzisa zonke iilwimi zabemi bakhe kwaye kufuneka azinyine ekusebenziseni u(ii)lwimi lwakhe ezi/olusemthethweni, okanye iilwimi ezithile, ngendlela enye okanye ngenye"
uyilo lolwimi Uyilo lolwimi lujolise kwizisombululo kwiingxaki zolwimi ngokuveza ezinye iinjongo, iindlela kunye neziphumo. Kuquka iinkqubo zokulawula kunye nokuphucula iilwimi ngophuhliso lweelwimi.
inkqubo yeelwimi Isigqibo/ummiselo osemthethweni ngobume beelwimi ezahlukeneyo ezithethwa kuluntu lweentlobo ngeentlobo/ubuninzi beelwimi, umzekelo loluphi ulwimi oluya kuba lolwesizwe okanye olusemthethweni, zeziphi iilwimi eziya kusetyenziswa njengezemimandla kwaye ubume bazo buya kuba yintoni.
amalungelo eelwimi Imithetho emisela isimo apho abemi banokuzikhethela iilwimi.
iiyunithi zeelwimi ii-arhente zikaRhulumente kumasebe kunye namaphondo ezisebenza ngemiba ethe ngqo yeelwimi elo sebe kunye/okanye iphondo evela kwiNkqubo yeeLwimi yeSizwe kunye nokudibana kunye namanye amasebe kwimicimbi yeelwimi i-lexicography Umsebenzi wokuqulunqa izichazi magama.
iindlela zokuguqula ngomatshini Iindlela zekhompyutha eziguqula ngeletroniki okubhaliweyo ukusuka kolunye ulwimi kuye kolunye.
lwimi olusetyenziswayo (ulwimi lokufunda) Ulwimi lomyalelo wegumbi lokufundela njengoko kumiselwe yikharityhulam kunye nenkqubo yelwimi."Ulwimi lokufunda", luthetha ukusuka kancinane kufakwe umba wokuba kunokusetyenziswa ngaphezulu kolwimi olunye kwaye abafundi banokufikelela kolunye kunolusetyenziswayo olusemthethweni.
iilwimi ezininzi Ukusetyenziswa kweelwimi ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu ngumntu okanye liqela labantu abathetha olo lwimi njengabemi bommandla othile okanye isizwe.
ulwimi olusemthethweni Ulwimi olusetyenziswa eburhulumenteni, ezinkundleni zomthetho, kwimfundo, kushishino, nangabeendaba.
uguqulo Isenzo sokutshintshela okubhaliweyo kulwimi okubhalwe ngalo kusiya kolunye (ekujoliswe kulo) ulwimi ngohlobo olubhaliweyo.
isigama Amagama obugcisa enziwe ukuba afane enzelwe ummandla wezifundo okhethekileyo
