Miss (Maize)									IsiXhosa
Ungaphoswa ngamathuba akho
Imiyalelo: 
Folio strap: Ukwenziwa kwezicwangciso zemveliso
Byline: Phonnie du Toit, ARC-Grain Crops Institute
Grabber: Phaphama, elona thuba lakho ligqibeleleyo lisenokuvela msinyane ungekalilindeli!
Grabber: Zama ukungaxakeki kangangokuba ude uphoswe ngawona mathuba akho agqibeleleyo nabaluleke gqitha kumsebenzi wokuvelisa izityalo eziziinkozo ngempumelelo.
Njengoko abalimi bezityalo eziziinkozo bexhomekeke kangako kwixesha lonyaka ngalinye lesityalo ukuba libe lixesha lonyaka elilungileyo, inkoliso yemisebenzi yenzelwa isicwangciso esisekwe kwixesha lonyaka elinye lemveliso ngonyaka emva komnye. Ngenxa yethuba elifutshane ngolo hlobo, ithuba elilungileyo libonakala kanye kuphela kwiziganeko ezininzi. Abalimi bakholisa ukuphoswa ngamathuba amahle okunciphisa iindleko okanye okuthintela iilahleko eziphezulu zezityalo kuba bengakhawulezi ukuthatha amanyathelo.
Maninzi amathuba alungileyo anokufumaneka kwixesha lamalungiselelo phambi kwexesha lokutyala nakwixesha lonyaka lokukhulisa liphelele. Okulandelayo kunikwa njengemizekelo:
Ithuba elilelona ligqibeleleyo
Yiba soloko uvule amehlo ukhangela okuthengiswa ngexabiso eliphantsi kodidi oluphezulu. Yiba neengqwalaselo ezizezakho ngexesha lonyaka lokukhulisa ukuvavanya indlela eziqhuba ngayo iimveliso ezisetyenziswa kwifama yakho. Oku kuya kwenza ukuba ukwazi ukuthatha izigqibo ezifanelekileyo kwaye ukhethe eyona mveliso igqibeleleyo. Phuhlisa izakhono zakho zokujoja. Inqwelo erhuqwayo ebekwe ixabiso elihle kodwa ekhe yasetyenziswa, ethengiswa efandesini yendawo ohlala kuyo, isenokuba lithuba elihle lobomi bakho bonke. 
Olona suku lugqibeleleyo lokutyala
Eli lithuba elikholisa ukuphoswa ngabalimi. Kwiziganeko ezininzi izixhobo zokusebenza ezinjengoomatshini ezingahoywanga zinokukhokelela ekubambezelekeni okungeyomfuneko. Elona xesha lifanelekileyo lokukhathalela izixhobo zakho zokusebenza lisekupheleni kanye kwexesha lonyaka lokutyala. Xa izixhobo zokusebenza zigcinwa emva kokuzicoca ngononophelo, kwaye zikhuselwe ukuba zingadleki, lincinci kakhulu ixesha kunye neendleko eziya kuchithwa xa kusenziwa amalungiselelo ezixhobo. Ukulungela usuku apho iimeko zokutyala zilunge khona kuya kwenza uzive ukwazi ukulawula imisebenzi yakho.
Ukukhusela umhlaba
Isichotho esinye semvula eze ngamandla sinokwenza umonakalo omkhulu emasimini ezityalo. Wakuba umhlaba oxabisekileyo ongaphezulu ulahlekile phantse kungabiyonto enokwenzeka ukuba uphinde ubuyiseleke. Nangona ulondolozo lomhlaba luyinxalenye yenkqubo yethuba elide yophuhliso lwefama, abalimi mabasoloko bekhangela iindawo ekunokwenzeka ukhukuliseko kuo. Imvula esisichotho engalindelekanga efama yakho ayinakucingeleka kwangaphambili. Xa uqaphele indawo ebuthathaka ethambekeni, yilungise msinyane kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Elo linokuba lelona thuba lako lifanelekileyo lokuthintela umonakalo emhlabeni wakho oxabisekileyo.
Tshabalalisa ukhula ngexesha elilungileyo
Malunga nokutshatyalaliswa okuncomekayo kokhula emboneni, umzekelo, kukho izitshabalalisi ezilungileyo zezibulali-zityalo ezikhoyo (iimveliso ezitshabalalisa ukhula ngemichiza). Nkqu nesitshabalalisi sezibulali-zityalo sisebenza ngempumelelo kuphela xa iimeko zilungile. Ngoko ke sebenzisa ithuba ngemini apho iimeko zemozulu zilunge khona kungabi lusuku lomoya okanye imeko yosuku olushushu nolome kakhulu. Ubukhulu bokhula nabo bubaluleke kangangoko kwimpumezo yokutshatyalaliswa kokhula ngempumelelo. Kwiziganeko ezininzi, ukhula oluncinci lulo olubhetele. Lubaluleke kakhulu utyelelo olwenziwa rhoqo ukuze kuqwalaselwe amabanga okuphuhla kwesityalo nokhula. Musa ukulubambezela. Ukhula lutshabalalise luseluncinci. 
Khusela isityalo sakho kwizinambuzane ezisonakalisayo
Izinambuzane ezifana nempehla zinokubanga umonakalo onobuzaza kwizityalo zombona nezamazimba. Umonakalo unokwenzeka kwithutyana elifutshane lexesha. Amanani aphezulu emibungu yezinambuzane kwifanela yesityalo anako ukutshatyalaliswa ngemfezeko ngezitshabalalisi zokhula ezithile. Xa amanyathelo okutshabalalisa ebanjezelwa, xa kunjalo, amathuba okungaphumeleli makhulu. Isizathu kukuba; xa isityalo siphuhlela kwibakala elilandelayo okanye xa kusanda ubukhulu bemibungu, amandla omchiza asuka anciphe. Kuya kunceda ukuhlola izityalo rhoqo kuya kunceda ekusekeni elona xesha lifanelekileyo lokubulawa kwezitshabalalisi zezityalo ngempumelelo.
Umhla ongowona ufanelekileyo wokuvuna isityalo sakho
Ezinye izityalo zifuna ukuvunwa ngexesha elichanekileyo nakanjani. Malunga namandongomane, kungenzeka iilahleko ezingeyomfuneko malunga nesivuno okanye umgangatho wesityalo esiziinkozo xa ukuvuna kwenziwe phambi kwethuba kakhulu okanye emva kwethuba kakhulu. Ukuze kwenziwe isigqibo ngelona xesha lifanelekileyo lokuvuna isityalo, umlimi makaqwalasele iimeko eziliqela ezifana nebala lembewu, iimeko zemozulu kunye nokwenzeka kwezifo. Malunga neembotyi zesoya, imidumba isenokuqhekeka emasimini ngokuya sikhula isityalo. Xa kuvunwe emva kwexesha kakhulu umlimi usenokufumana iilahleko eziphezulu zesivuno ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwemidumba. Ungaphoswa lithuba lokuzuza ukhozo ngalunye lwesityalo ngexesha lokuvuna.
