Amaqondo (Umbona)										Xhosa



Amaqondo esitshizi



Imiyalelo:

 Folio strap: Ukusebenzisa oomatshini

 Byline: Liqhelaniswe ukusuka Kwizifundo Zophuhliso Lwezakhono Zezobugcisa zaseGrain SA 

 nguJane McPherson

 Photos: Calibration	



Inqaku elandulela eli libandakanye iinxalenye zesitshizi se-boom nendlela esisebenza ngayo. Kweli nqaku siza kuqwalasela nzulu amaqondo esitshizi.



Yintoni amaqondo?

Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwamaqondo esitshizi iyilelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba utshiza isixa esichanekileyo solwelo (amanzi adibene netyhefu) kwindawo enqwenelekayo. 



Izixhobo ezifuneka xa kusenziwa amaqondo 

Isigcini-xesha;

Ijagi yokulinganisa (ephawulwe ngee-ml); 

Iteyiphu wokulinganisa.



Yintoni enokulungelelaniswa?

Umlomo wethumbu. Umlomo wethumbu onomngxuma othande ukuba mncinci uya kukhupha ulwelo olunganeno kunomlomo wethumbu onomngxuma omkhulu. Kanti umlomo wethumbu usenokuba nesimbo sokutshiza esibanzi okanye esicuthekileyo.

Uxinzelelo lomxube otshizwayo. Xa uya ngokumpompa ngamandla athe chatha, luyanda kananjalo uxinzelelo ukuze kuphume ulwelo oluthe chatha. Ngokuya kunyuka uxinzelelo, amathontsana aya ngokuba mancinci.

Xa kutshizwa ngokusebenzisa itrektara, uxinzelelo lwempompo luchatshazelwa yimijikelezo/min (rpm). 

Iigiyeri zetrektara zichaphazela isantya setrektara.

Umsebenzisi wetrektara kufuneka enze isigqibo nge-rpm nangegiyeri eya kusetyenziswa aze akugcine kufana oku akuba enziwe amaqondo. 

Kuguqulwe isixa setyhefu kumxube. Ityhefu ethe chatha ithetha ukuba kufakwe isithako esisebenzayo esithe chatha emanzini esixa esilinganayo.



Indlela yokwenza amaqondo

Zalisa itanki yesitshizi.

Yenza isigqibo ngegiyeri emayisetyenziswe kananjalo nange-rpm (umzk. igiyeri yesi-4 ngesantya sama-2 500 rpm).

Linganisa umgama we-100 m.

Ngokusebenzisa loo giyeri ne-rpm echanekileyo, linganisa ixesha elithathwa yitrektara ukugqiba i-100 m (umzk. imizuzwana engama-21).

Dumisa itrektara, imi endaweni enye, ngesantya ekuvunyelwene ngaso sama-2 500 pm, uze uqwalasele isivalo sesitshizi malunga nempumezo emhlabeni. 

Misela uxinzelelo kwisitshizi ukunika isiphumo esinqwenelekayo (umzk. i-3 bar).

Ngokusebenzisa ixesha elifanayo (umzk. imizuzwana engama-21) ethathwe yitrektara ukugqiba i-100 m, sebenzisa isitshizi, uze ulinganise isixa samanzi esikhutshwe ngumlomo omnye wethumbu (umzk. i-1 200 ml / 1,2 litres).

Phinda-phinda le nkqubo ngemilomo emibini okanye emithathu uze uthathe inani elisisiqhelo. 

Sebenzisa isixa solwelo esikhutshwe ngumlomo omnye (umzk. 1 200 ml / 1,2 litres) uze uphindaphinde oku ngenani lemilomo yamathumbu (umzk. imilomo yamathumbu eli-12) ukuze wazi ukuba zingaphi iilitha ozitshiza kumgama we-100m (ngayo yonke imilomo yamathumbu, 12 x 1,2 l = 14,4 litres).

Linganisa ububanzi be-boom (umzk. 4,7 m).

Ngoku uyabazi ububanzi obutshizayo, kwaye uyasazi nesixa samanzi owatshizayo kububanzi be-100 m. 

Indawo etshizwe ngesitshizi kwi-100 m: 100 m x 4,7 m = 470 square meters. 

Sisebenzise i-14,4 litres yamanzi kule ndawo.

Indawo ye-1 hektare = 10 000 square meters (100 m x 100 m).

Isixa ekufanele sisetyenziswe kwi-1 hektare siya kuba ngama-10 000 / 470 = 21,27 x 14,4 l = 306 l / hektare.

Ileyibhile kwisiphathi somchiza iya kubonisa isixa samanzi esifuneka ngehektare nganye kananjalo nenani leelitha zetyhefu efuneka ngehektare nganye. 

Ukuba sowukhe wakwenza oku kwaye ufumanise ukuba isixa solwelo olutshiziweyo alufanelekanga, phinda ukwenze oku kodwa ulungelelanise uxinzelelo lwesitshizi okanye igiyeri yetrektara okanye ubukhulu bomlomo wethumbu. 

Sakuba sichanekile isixa samanzi, ngoku kufuneka ubale inani leelitha zetyhefu ekufuneka zongezelelwe kwitanki nganye yesitshizi. 

Umzekelo, itanki iphatha ama-500 litres zamanzi. Umzekelo, kufuneka sifake i-4 litres zetyhefu ngehektare nganye. Kuya kuba ngama-500 l / 306 (ee-litha ezisasazwe ngehektare nganye) eziphindaphindwe ka-4 (iilitha zetyhefu ngehektare nganye).

Kufuneka songeze i-6,5 litres zetyhefu ngetanki yamanzi yama-500 eelitha. 









