ILWAZI LOMPHAKATHI MAYELANA NOMGOMANI OTHUWELELAKO I-A (N1H1)
Ibizo langokomthetho lesisayensi lobulwelobu: mgomani othuwelelako A (H1N1) 2009. Wathoma eMexico ne-United States of America ngoSihlabantangana kilonyaka. Ekuthomeni begade waziwa njengomgomani weemfarigi ngombana gade kucatjangwa bonyana usuka eemfarigini. Gadesi sele kuzwisiswa bonyana uyihlanganisela yemisuka yomuntu  neenyoni. Ngebangelo ubulwelobu abubangelwa kugoma inyama yefarigi namkha imikhiqizo yefarigi. Gadesi sele ubizwa ngomgomani othuwelelako namkha kusetjenziswa ibizo lawo elinyulwako nelisemthethweni, i-A (H1N1) 2009. 
Ukusukela ngenyanga kaSihlabantangana kilonyaka, umulwana lo urhatjheke ngebelo elikhulu eenarheni ezili-166 iphasiloke. Bekube gadesi e-Afrika urhatjheke eenarheni ezili-16 kwaphela. Ngesikhathi sokugadangisa, umulwana lo besele uthinte abantu abangaphezu kwe-3000 enarheni yekhethu.
Ngemva komhlangano wesine weKomii yeSizo eliRhabako ogade ubanjwe ngomhlaka 11 kuMgwengweni 2009, iHlangano yezamaPhilo yePhasi (WHO) yaqunta ngokuthi umgomo womgomani othuwelela iphasiloke sele uhlangatjeziwe begodu nomNqophisi Zombelele, uDorh Margaret Chan umemezele isigaba 6 somGomani oThuwelelako. Lokhu kutjho ukuthi ubulwelobu sele burhatjheke enarheni kizo zoke iimfunda ze-WHO begodu urhatjheka ngebelo elikhulu. Nanyana kunjalo ngithanda ukugandelela bonyana ukumenyezelwa komgomani othuwelelako akutjho bonyana ubulwele bunamandla, kodwana kutjho ukuthi burhatjheka yoke indawo.
Ngomhlaka 6 kuVelabahlinze i-WHO yahlathulula ukurhatjheka komgomani othuwelelako eenarheni ezithintakako neenarheni ezitjha njengonganabubalekelo nongakhandelekiko. Ngetjhudu, nanyana lokho kungaba njalo, kuyelelwe bonyana abantu abanengi abatheleleka ngomulwana lo bazokuba namatshwayo wezinga elilingeneko. Nanyana kunjalo njengeenkhulu zezamaphilo ephasini loke namkha enarheni yekhethu sisadanile ngokuhlongakala okwenzekileko bekube gadesi, iimbalobalo zithi (iphasiloke 0, 8% kuthi eSewula Afrika 0,1% yabantu abathintekileko). Umulwana lo uthinta khulu abantu abaneminyaka eli-10 ukuya kema-29 – inengi labantwaba baseenkolweni namkha emazikweni wefundo ephakamileko.
I-WHO iyelelise bonyana iinarha kufanele zicabange ngokurhobhisa amandla wobulwelobu emiphakathini. Ekwenzeni lokhu ngepumelelo, kuqakathekile bonyana kube nokuthintana okunganakuphazamiseka.
Indlela yokurhatjheka
Ubulwelobu burhatjheka ngethosana lomulwana njengalokha umuntu otshwayelekileko akhohlela namkha athimula bese wena urhogela ummoya womthimulo namkha wokukhohlela. Ungatheleleka godu lokha umuntu akhohlelela epanyameni bese urhogela ummoya lowo.
Amatshwayo wobulwele
Amatshwayo angahlukaniseka ngeengaba eziqakathekileko ezintathu
izinga elilingeneko
izinga eliphakathi
izinga elikhambeleleko.
Amatshwayo wezinga elilingeneko afaka hlangana:
iimpumulo eziphuma amathimila asamanzi namkha ezivalekileko
ukukhohlela 
izinga eliphezulu lokutjhisa namkha lokuzwa amakhaza komzimba
ukunghanghabala kwemisipha nobuhlungu;
imizwa ejayelekileko yokungakaphili. 
Inengi labantu enarheni yokana banamatshwayo wezinga elilingeneko begodu ngeze batlhoga itjhejo elikhethekileko lezokwelatjhwa. Ngebangelo abantu abanamatshwayo wezinga elilingeneko kufanele balatjhwe njengalokha kulatjhwa amatshwayo womgomani ojayelekileko. Nanyana kunjalo, abantu bobujamo obulandelako ekufanele bafumane itjhejo elirhabako lokwelatjhwa nanyana banamatshwayo wezinga elilingeneko:
abantu bobulwele oburhwahlaphazako behliziyo namkha bamaphaphu
abomma abasidisi
abantu abaphila ngomuLwana weNtumbantonga neNtumbantonga
abantu abanobulwele beswigiri.
Amatshwayo wezinga eliphakathi afaka hlangana amatshwayo angezelelweko wezinga elilingeneko:
ukuphelelwa muMoya
ubuhlungu besifuba
ukubuyisa okungapheliko
irhudo namatshwayo wokuphelelwa mamanzi emzimbeni.
Amatshwayo wezinga elikhambeleleko afaka hlangana amatshwayo angezelelweko wezinga elilingeneko neliphakathi:
ubudisi bokuphefumula (ukugandeleleka kwamaphaphu)
iindebe ezihlaza kwesibhakabhaka, ilimu namkha ezinye iingcenye zomzimba 
ukuphathwa siyezi ngamandla nokutsirimezeka.
Omunye nomunye umuntu onamatshwayo wezinga eliphakathi namkha elikhambeleleko kufanele afune itjhejo elirhabako lezokwelatjhwa.
Ukuhlolelwa umulwana
Ukuhlola okusemthethweni kwenziwa liZiko lamaLwele Athelelanako leNarha  elinzinze eGauteng begodu mvanje kwavulwa elinye iphiko eTjingalanga Kapa. Ukuhlolwa kuzakwenziwa ngesiphakamiso esibuya kudorhodera. Iingulani ezifuna itjhejo ngaphasi kwehlelo lezamaphilo  likarhulumende azikafaneli bonyana zizikhombelele ukuhlolwa kwelabhorathri – kodwana ngodorhodera ekufanele athathe isiquntweso. Siyelele bonyana ukuhlolwa kwenzeka khulu  emabubulweni wezamaphilo wangeqadi, kodwana lokhu akukavunyelwa yi-WHO. Abodorhodera kufanele belaphe izehlakalo ezisolwako zomgomani lo ngokwemibandela abayinikelwe mNyango wezamaPhilo weNarha.
Ukwelatjhwa
Ukwelatjhwa okukhethiweko kubizwa nge-Tamiflu. Lokhu kufanele kube siqunto esithatha ngudorhodera begodu siphakanyiselwa labo:
abanamatshwayo wezinga elilingeneko ebungozini obukhethekileko njengombana kutjhiwo ngaphezulu
abanamatshwayo wezinga eliphakathi
abanamatshwayo wezinga elikhambeleleko.
Ukwelatjhwa ngobunengi kweengulani nge-Tamiflu kuzokurholela ekutheni isidakamizwesi singasasebenzi nebantwini ebegade singahle sisindise amaphilwabo.
Ukuvalwa kwamaziko
Ilemuko enarheni yoke litjengise bonyana ukuvalwa kweenkolo kanye namaziko wefundo ephakamileko, iinthabathaba zeentolo  neendawo zokusebenzela akukasebenzi ekukhandeleni ukurhatjheka kobulwelobu.Kunalokho,kubangele ukuthikamezeka okukhulu kezehlalakuhle yomphakathi.
Siyelelisa bonyana omunye nomunye umfundi, umfundisi namkha isisebenzi esinamatshwayo wezinga elilingeneko kufanele ahlale ekhaya. Nangange kunabafundi abanengi namkha abafundisi abahlaliswe ekhaya, iziko elithintekileko kufanele lithinte umNyango wezeFundo, ozokukhambisana neekhulu zezamaphilo nakuzokwelulekwa ngamagadango afanele athathwe.
Okufanele ukwenze
Ngebanga lendlela yokurhatjheka kobulwele njengombana kutjhiwo ekuthomeni, ukuhlanzeka okulula okulandelako kwaphakanyiswa:
hlamba izandla ngesibha ngaso soke isikhathi
khohlela namkha uthimulele ethitjhuphepheni namkha emkhonweni wesambatho sakho
ungakhohleleli ezandleni zakho, okungasenani khohlelela endololwanenakho
nangabe ukatelelekile ukobana ukhohlelele ngezandleni zakho ungathinti nanyana yini njengesibambo somnyango, amafesidiri, iinatafula namkha iinsetjenziswa zokugoma bekufike lapho uhlamba khona izandla zakho ngesibha
nangabe ulemuka amatshwayo wezinga elilingeneko hlala ekhaya begodu ubalekele ukuthintana nabantu.
Ngithanda ukuniqinisekisa bonyana koke kwenziwa bososayensi iphasiloke ngokusebenzisana ne-WHO ukuzama nokwenza isihlahla sokuhlatjelwa. Nangange izinto zikhamba kuhle, isihlahla esinjalo sokuhlatjelwa singatholakala eenyangeni ezimbalwa ezizako. 
Ngithanda ukunithokoza ekuzinikeleni kwenu ithuba lokufunda umlayezo lo begodu ngithanda ukunithokoza khulu ngokuhlanganyela kwenu ekukhulumisaneni nekunciphiseni imbangela yobulwele.
Ngiyathokoza
DR A MOTSOALEDI, MP
UNGQONGQOTJHE WEZAMAPHILO
