EKUFIKELELENI KOKUBUYEKEZWA KWEMINYAKA ELITJHUMI NAHLANU
Iragelo Phambili Solokhu kwaba neDemokhrasi – Siqale Phambili
Ngesikhathi itjhaphuluko lifika ngo-1994, abantu beSewula Afrika banikela igunya uRhulumende wokuthoma wedemokhrasi kobana asebenze ngalokho okwatjhiywa ngurhulumende webandlululo – khulukhulu ukungalingani, umthlago, nebandlulululo ngokubutjhaba. Begodu bekanomsebenzi wokubuyisela ilizwe emiphakathini yeentjhabatjhaba njengobana iSewula Afrika beyikhaphelwe ngaphandle ngonobangela wokuba nebandlululo.
Ngokukhambisana nomThethosisekelo wentando yenengi kunye neHlelo loKwakha nokuVuselela (RDP), urhulumende uveze imigomo yoku:
•	hlangabezana neemfuno eziphambili
•	kwakha umnotho
•	yokwenza urhulumende abe ngowenengi kunye nomphakathi 
•	nokuthuthukisa imithombo yeensetjenziswa
•	nokwakha isitjhaba.
Emva kweminyaka eli-10 yetjhaphuluko
Ngo 2004, ngemva kweminyaka elitjhumi idemokhrasi yaba khona, kube neragelo phambili elikhulu, kodwana okunengi kusafuze kwenziwe. Nanyana sisaqalene nomraro owatjhiywa mbuso webandlululo nje. amatjhuguluko emiphakathini yekhethu elethe iintjhijilo ezitja.
Ekuthomeni kwemiNyaka eliTjhumi yesiBili yeTjhaphuluko, abanengi bebasakhutjhelwe ngaphandle kwezomnotho wekhethu nokufumana ukwabelana kweenthelo zetuthuthuko. Nanyana kunjalo okunengi sele kwenziwe lapho urhulumende anelawulo khona – njengokuthuthukiswa komphakathi – izinto zikhambe kabuthaka begodu nemizamo yokufumaneka kwemisebenzi ikhambe kabuthaka. Urhulumende kwayena kufuneka azinikele bekenzele abantu izenzelwa. Amakhetho ka-2004 anikela urhulumende igunya lokuphumelelisa amahlelo wokobana kube nokudzimelela – kunye nokwenza msinyana – ithuthuko kunye nokubonelela intjhitjhilo. Kubizwa  boke ababambisani bemiphakathi yoke, kunqotjhwe ukuphungula umthlago nokungasebenzi ngo-2014. Ukuphumelelisa lokhu, urhulumende uzibophelele kilezimbonelo-qangi.
•	Ukukhulisa zomnotho, njengomkhakha ekufuze kungenelelwe kiwo khulu
•	Ukuza namagadango amatjha wokusiza abathlagako kobana bangene kwezomnotho bakwazi  
    ukurarha umthlago
•	Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kukarhulumende, ijima lokulwa nobelelesi kunye netjhebiswano 
    phakathi kweSewula Afrika namanye amazwe.
Gadesi, emva kweminyaka eli-15?
Isisekelo esandlalwako emiNyakeni yokuThoma eliTjhumi yeTjhaphuluko namahlelo amatjha ukusukela ngo-2004 kubeke iSewula Afrika eendleleni eya phambili. Kusesenjalo kube neentjhijilo ezibe khona. Ezinye zakhona zivele namatjhuguluko emphakathini wekhethu kunye nephasini mazombe njengobana siyingcenye yephasi nje.
Njengobana siragela phambili nje, kufuze sifunde ebutjhapheni bangaphambilini.
Ngesikhathi sokusondela eminyakeni eli-15 yetjhaphuluko, ngimuphi umphumela wemigomo karhulumende mayelana nokusiza iSewula Afrika kobana ibe mphakathi olinganako, ongakhethi ubuhlanga kunye nokungakhethi ubulili? Urhulumende uphumelele njani ekwenzeni lokho ebekahlose ukukwenza, nokobana lokho kungathuthukiswa njani?
Lemibuzo ibuzwa kurhulumende njengobana enze Ihlelo lakhe lokuBuyekeza emiNyakeni eliTjhumi naHlanu.
Irhubhululo lenziwe ngaphakathi kurhulumende lenziwa babantu abangasebenzi kurhulumende. Imiphumela ikhutjhiwe njengomtlolo wemikhulumiswano.
Umnqopho kukhuthaza omunye nomunye kobana kucociswanwe njengobana inarha yekhethu iragela phambili nje ekwakheni umphakathi omutjha.
Iphamflethi le ingasetjenziswa kuphi?
Komunye nomunye umakhisani namkha umphakathi, komunye nomunye umkhakha namkha ihlangano, imibuzo ingabuzwa:
•	Izinto zithuthukiswe ngendlela enjani? ngiziphi izinto ezingakathuthukiswa?
•	Ngimiphi imahluko eyenziwe miphakathi nabantu? Singasebenzisana njani nasizakwazi ukuragela phambili?
Lomtlolo ungorhunyeziweko wehlelo likarhulumende lokuBuyekeza eminYakeni eliTjhumi naHlanu. Umbiko onabileko uyafumaneka kwiwebhsayithi kaRhulumende weSewula Afrika (www.gov.za).
UKUBUYEKEZA UMTHELELA WOMSEBENZI KARHULUMENDE 
Umsebenzi weenqhema zikarhulumende
1. Ukubusa
Ukusukela ngo-2004, umnqopho bekukuhlanganisa idemokhrasi kunye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kombuso.
Itjhugululo ledemokhrasi
•	Idemokhrasi yomThethosisekelo – Amaziko wabajameli aqinileko kunye nokuzijamela kwezobulungiswa kwasungulwa.
• Ukudzimelela kwedemokhrasi – Iindlela zokuveza amazizo zisunguliwe:
	– Ukuthintana nomphakathi mayelana namahlelo wokuthuthukisa ngokuhlanganyela.
	– Izimbizo, ezenzelwe ukuthintana bunqopha phakathi kukarhulumende nomphakathi
	– amakomidi wamawadi, njenganje emawadini amaphesente ama-96%
amaziko weThusong service – amaziko ali-125 
abasebenzi bokuthuthukisa umphakathi – bangaphezu kwe-3 000 ababanduliweko.
•	Intando yenengi kwezoburholi bendabuko – imithetho emitjha namaziko anikela uburholi bendabuko indima ebungayidlala embusweni wethu wedemokhrasi.
Ukukhuthaza ukubusa okufaneleko
•	Mayelana nombuso ovulekileko nobonakalako: – UmThetho wokuKhuthaza ukuFumaneka kweLwazi umThetho ka-2000 unikela izakhamuzi kobana zifumane ilwazi elifumbethwe mbuso. 
	– Batho Pele ukubeka “Abantu  Phambili” njengomthetho womhlahlandlela wabasebenzi bombuso. 
•	Ukulwa nobukhohlakali- Urhulumende msinyazana welule isandla sakhe sokulwa nobelelesi ngokusebenzisa iPhiko lezePhenyo eliKhethekileko kunye nomThetho weBandla lokuLalela amaCala aKhethekileko,1996, Amano woKulwa nobuKhohlakali emBusweni (2002) kunye nomThetho woKulwa neZenzo zobuKhohlakali emBusweni, 2004: 
	– Imihlangano yokulwa nobuhlohlakali phakathi kuka 2001 no-2008 nayo yelule ipi yayo yokulwa 
      nobelelesi emiphakathini yekhethu.
Iinsetjenziswa zombuso kunye nezakarhulumende wekhaya
•	Ukutjhugulula iziko lombuso – eminyakeni elitjhumi egadungileko kubonakele iragelo phambili elihle ekuhlanganiseni iinsetjenziswa zomphakathi zibe ziinsetjenziswa ezihlangeneko zomphakathi. Njenganje umbuso ubonakala ujamele umphakathi
– UmThetho wokuLawulwa kweeMali zomBuso, 1999 kunye nomThetho wokuLawulwa kweMali zikaMasipalada, 2003 lemithetho ithuthukisa ukulawulwa kweemali.
•	Ukusekela ukwakhiwea kweensetjenziswa – Itjhejo elikhethekileko ukusukela ngo2004:
	– Ukuhlela nokubeka ilihlo kunye nokuhlunga nakho kweluliwe. Kunamahlelo angcono wokulawula kunye nowokubumba umnyango munye wabasebenzi bombuso.
Ukusekela ibandulo sele kuthomile lapho kusungulwe khona iziko lokubandula abasebenzi bombuso ngenyanga kaRhoboyi 2008.
	– Ukusukela ngo-2004, kusungulwe i-Project Consolidate kimoMasipalada abali-136 abanemiraro ekhethekileko. Ngo-2006, ihlelo lokufaka isandla lafakwa kwi-ajenda karhulumende wekhaya. 
Ezinye izinto eziqakathekileko ezifuna itjhejo elikhethekileko
• Ukurhagala kokutjhagala nakho kuveze ifuneko yokwelula ukukhulumisana phakathi kwabajameli bakarhulumende nezakhamuzi
•  Izenzelwa ezifunwa mphakathi sele zenziwe eendaweni ezinengi.
• Ukuphumeleliswa kwamahlelo okungasabenzi kuhle nakho kunomthelela emajimeni wokulwa nobukhohlakali
• Urhulumende khulukhulu kibomasipalada, uneentjhijilo zokufuna abasebenzi nokutjheja iimfuno zabo.
2. Umphakathi
Amahlelo wokubonelela umphakathi nawo enze okunengi mayelana nokuthuthukisa amaphilo wabantu, kodwana iinsombululo zesikhathi eside zisafuneka.
Ukuveza iinzuzo zabantu abathlogako
•	 Amahlelo wesondlo somphakathi- lokhu kube ngokukhulu ekuphunguleni isibalo sabantu abafumana inzuzo ephasi. kube nabantu abayi-2,5 million  abazuzileko ngo-1999 njenganje sele bafikelela ku-12 million. 
Ukwehla kwenzuzo zomthlago
Amaphesente wabantu aba
1995
2005
Ngaphasi kwa R322 ngenyanga
53%
48%
Ngaphasi kwa R322 ngenyanga
31%
23%
Ukwelula ukufumaneka kwezenzelwa
•	Iragelo phambili lezenzelwa eziqakathekileko sebe lenziwe Ukuqinisekisa kobana omunye nomunye ufumana amanzi wokusela, iinsetjenziswa zangasese kunye negezi.
Amakhaya athlogako afumana amanzi wasimahla: 6 000 yamalitha wamanzi kunye na-50 kwh yegezi simahla.
Ezinye izinto eziqakathekileko ezifuna itjhejo elikhethekileko 
• Ikhwalithi yezenzelwa zomphakathi isafuna ukuthuthukiswa.
• Ngaphandle kokuba nebhajethi ekulu kwezefundo, ihlelo leli lisakhiqiza ngokungaphasi kokulindelweko.
• Urhulumende unqophe ukudlulisela -24 Milion yama-hectares wehlabathi yezelimo ebantwini abanzima ngomnyaka ka 2014 - ukufikela kwagadesi kwaphela ama-hectares ayi-4.8 million asele adluliselwe abantu abanzima.
• Ngaphandle kokuphungulwa komthlago nokuthuthuka kwamsinyana komnotho, ukungalingani ngokwenzuzo akukaphunguki begodu keminye imikhakha kusakhula.
• Ukwanda kwesibalo samakhaya amatjha kube nomthelela wokufunwa kwezenzelwa eziqakathekileko kunye nokusizwa ngesondlo.
Ukwandisa ukufumaneka kwezenzelwa
•	Ifundo – Amagadango wokuthuthukisa zefundo kwandile nakho
	– Imali enengi isetjenziswe eenkolweni zomphakathi, kunye neenkolo zokuThuthukisa aBantwana abasesebaNcani, iFundo yabaNtu abaDala kunye nemaZikweni weBandulo wefundo eRagela Phambili (FET)
	– Isibalo sabafundi abasemaZikweni weFundo ephezulu sikhule ukusukela ku-300 000 ngo-1986 kifikela ku-750 000 ngo-2005. Abafundi abangena emazikweni weFundo eRagela Phambili nokuBandula kukhuphuke nga-34% ukusukela ngo-1998 ukufikela ngo-2002
•	Zamaphilo – amahlelo wokwakha amakliniga, iimbhedlela kunye namaziko wokunakelela zamaphilo kutjho kobana 95 % yamaSewula Afrika njenganje sebahlala amakhilomitha ama-5 ukuya emazikweni wezamaphilo
	– Ubulwelwe beMalaria sele behlile ukusukela ku-50 000 ngabo 1990s ukufikela ku-5000 ngo-2007. Ukulapheka kwe TB kukhule nge 70%
	– Ngesikhathi sabo 1990s , ukubhebhetheka komulwane  we-HIV kwaba msinyana kodwana gadesi kukhamba kabuthaka. Phakathi kwaboMma abangaphasi kweminyaka ema-30 abavakatjhela imitholapilo yokubeletha, I-HIV yehle ukusukela ku- 16 % ngo 2004 kufikela ku-13.5% ngo-2006. Phakathi kuka 2008, bangaphezu kwe-480 000 abantu esele bathome ukuthatha imitjhoga egongobaza umulwana i-HIV.
Ukwandisa ubunikazi bepahla
•	Izindlu – ngo 2003, urhulumende wasekela ngezindlu ezi-3 132 769 kunye nama-yuniti a- 2 358 667 akhiwa. lokhu kubeka isibalo sezezindlu ku 9,9 million ezakhamuzini
Inarha – Ihlelo lokubuyiswa kwenarha lidlulise iphahla ebalelwa ku 12,5 billion kifikela ku 1,4 million yalabo abazuzileko kunye nehlelo lokusiza ngesondlo elibiza R15,2 billion.
Amakhaya afumana lokhu
1996
2007
Igezi yokukhanyisa
58%
80%
Amanzi amamalilitha ama-2000 ekhaya ngalinye
62%
88%
Amanzi ngemajarideni
61%
70%
Iinsetjenziswa zangasese
50%
71%
Abantwana abaneminyaka emihlanu eenkolweni
23%
81%
abaneminyaka esithandathu eenkolweni
49%
91%
3. Zomnotho
Emva kokunzinzisa zomnotho, itjhejo laqaliswa ekwenzeni msinnyana nokwabelana ngokukhula komnotho.
Ukukhula nokwakhiwa komnotho
•	IHlelo lamSinyana loKwabelana ngezomNotho leSewula Afrika (AsgiSA)- linqophe ukuphungula ukuthlaga nokungasebenzi ngomnyaka ka-2014, ukukhula kwezomnotho kufuze kube sesilinganisweni se 4,5% ukusukela ngomnyaka ka 2004 kufikela ngo 2009 godu kube ma-6% ngomnyaka ka 2014. I-AsgiSA itjheje khulu ekusombululeni lokho ekuziinqabo zokuliya ukungakhuli komnotho msinyana.
•	Ukukhula – umnotho ukwazile ukukhula ukusukela ngo 1994, ukhuphuke ngamandla ukusukela ngo 2006. ungaphezu kwesilinganiso se 4,5% somnyaka ka 2004-2009.
	– Ukhule msinyana ukudlula isitjhaba sekhethu, inzuzo esilinganiso yomuntu ikhule nge-1% ukusukela ngo 1994-2003 godu nga-4% ukusukela ngo-2004-2007.
•	Ukusebenza – ukungasebenzi kwakhula ngo-1994, kufikela ku 31% ngo-2003. Emva kwalapho kwanyamalala, bekusilinganiso esimaphesente ama-23% ngo-2007.
Ukunzinza komnotho kwazombelele
•	Iinkolodo nokukhuphuka kwemikhiqizo- Urhulumende uphungule iinkolodo zakhe ukufikela ngaphasi kwe 20%.
	– Ukukhuphukla kwemikhiqizo bekufikelela ku 19% ngo-1991. Ukusukela ngo-1994, kube ngaphasi kwe 10% kufikela emnyakeni ka 2008.
•	Ukutjalwa kwemali nokusisa – ukutjalwa kweemali kukhule msinyana eminyakeni embalwa egadungileko. Urhulumende utjala imali eyi-R482 billion kumthangala sisekelo phakathi kuka 2008 kufikela ku 2011, Ukutjala kwemikhakha yangeqadi kukhule ngendlela ebeyingakalindelwa.
Ukutjhugululwa kwezomnotho kwazombelele- ukutjhugulula zomnotho
•	Umgomo wezamabubulo – IsiSekelo seNarha somGomo wezamaBubulo kunye neHlelo lokuSebenza kwamaBubulo lika 2007 lizakwenza msinnyana ukuthuthukisa iinsetjenziswa zomnotho kobana kube nezenzelwa esitjhabeni
•	IPhaliswano – ukusukela ngo-2003, iKomitjhana yePhaliswano ithathe amagadango aqinileko kobana kuba nokuphalisana okuvulekileko kunye nokubeka iimpreyisi kwamafemu amakhulu lawo asangamele umnotho wekhethu.
•	Ukunikelwa amandla – UmThetho wokuNikela aMandla aBantu abaNzima kwezomNotho wavunywa ngo-2003 begodu  nehlelo lokusebenza kwawo ngo-2007.
	– Ukujanyelwa kwabantu abanzima kufikelele ku 22% ekubaphathi abaphezulu ngo-2006, begodu 27 % ekubabalawuli abaphezulu.
•	Ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhgono – Umkhakha wezefundo nokubandula kunye nesiKhwama sezamaKhgono seNarha mazombe basungula ukungenelela ngokusiza kokuthuthukiswa kwamakhgono ebantwini abatjha, abangasebenziko nalabo abanamakhgono abogabogako.
– leHlanganyela yokuFumaneka kwamaKhgono azimBonelelo qangi (Jipsa) ilethe abafundi bobunjiniyere kunye nokutloliswa kwabasebenzi bakhgono wezandla nokunikelwa imisebenzi kwabaqede emazikweni wefundo ephakemeko aba-15 000 emakampanini.
•	Umnotho wesibili - Ihlelo eliNabileko lemiSebenzi yomPhakathi (EPWP) lakhe amathuba wemisebenzi asigidi esisodwa - ngaphambi kwesilinganiso somnyaka 2009.
	– Urhulumende ukhulise begodu wasekela nabosomabubulo abasakhasako.
	– Amano wehlelo lokusiza ngokudla elihlanganisiweko kunye namanye amahlelo weemfunda asiza ngokudzimelela kwezokulima nakho kubonise ituthuthuko.
	– Amahlelo amanengi ahlanganisa labo abobosomabubulo abasakhasako kunye nakwezamahlathi, kwezokulima ngeswigiri kunye nezeembaseli.
Ezinye izinto eziqakathekileko ezifuna itjhejo elikhethekileko
• Iminyaka emihlanu yokukhula msinyana iveze ukuba buthakathaka komnotho lokho ekuvimbele kobana ukhule msinyana ngendlela esifuna ngayo. i-AsgiSA iveze imiraro kodwana okunengi kusafuze kwenziwe kobana kusombululwe lemiraro.
• Ukungasebenzi kusitjhijilo begodu asikarisi isibalo sabangasebenziko nakuqathaniswa nezinye iinarha ezisathuthukako.
• Umkhakha wezamabubulo asakhasako usesemcani nawuqathaniswa neweenarha ezisathuthukako.
• Kufuze sifumane amahlelo womnotho wesibili azokuba nomthelela omkhulu kunobana sibe nalawo amancani.
4. Zobulungiswa, ukuvimbela ubelelesi novikeleko
 Emva kokutjhugululwa kwezobulungiswa kunye namaziko wokulwa nobelelesi, kutjhejwe khulu ekwenzeni kobana asebenze ngamandla nakazakuphungula ubelelesi.
Itjhuguluko
•	Ukutjhugulula nokwelula ukusebenza kweminyango – Iziko lamaPholisa weSewula Afrika (SAPS), amakhotho namajele atjhugululile ekusebenzeni kwakade kwebandlululo ngokobana kunikelwe ngezokuphepha nevikeleko kibo boke abantu.
– Ukukhuliswa kwethekhnoloji nokukwandisa abasebenzi kuyasiza ngokobana basebenze ngokuzikhandla. Ngo-2010, i-SAPS izabe inamalunga ayi-193 240.
– Ukubuyekza kwekambiso yezobulungiswa ngurhulumende kunye nokudosa phambili komphakathi wezamabubulo ngo-2008 nakho kwelule indlela yokubuyekeza ubulungiswa bobelelesi.
•	Ukutjhugulula zobulungiswa – Phakathi kuka 2007, 52% yamajaji nabomarhastrada babantu abanzima begodu 30 kubabantu bengubo.
– Izahlulelo zekhotho yomThetho-sisekelo zenzwe zakhambisana nomthethosisekelo wedemokrasi. amakhotho amatjha asunguliwe kobana kufumaneke zobulungiswa, njengamakhotho wezokulingana; amakhotho amancani weenghonghoyilo; kunye namakhotho wezebhoduluko.
Ukuphungula ubelelesi nokhulisa zokuphepha
•	Imikhgwa yazobelele – Ubelelesi obunengi buphungukile nabuqathaniswa nokusukelo komnyaka ka 1994. Kodwana kube nokukhuphuka kobelelesi benturhu.
	– Ukutjheja indabayokuzala emajele, imizamo efana nokwakhiwa kwamanye amajele amatjha; kunye nendlela enye yokugweba; ukubeka ilihlo phezu kwamabanjwa akhutjhwe emajele; iprojekthi yalabo abasalindele ukugwejtwa; kunye nokulitjalelwa kwemilandu nakho lokho kutjhejiwe – kodwana umraro wona usakhula.
	– Itjhebiswano phakathi kukaRhulumende namaforamu wesipholisa angewophakathi kunye namabubulo alwa nobelelesi nakho lokho kukhulile – kodwana okunengi kusafuze kwenziwe.
•	Ubelelesi benturhu kiboMma nabantwana – Ukulwa nobelelesi ebenziwa kiMma nabentwana – ukulwa nobelelesi obufana nalobo kube sibonelelelo gangi. Kunamakhotho amatjhumi amasithandathu nanthathu akhethekileko kunye namaziko weThuthuzela Care Centre azakusekela abongazimbi nawo sele asunguliwe.
Iingwebo ezilula kunye nokutjhugululwa kwangasikade komThetho woBulelesi bomSeme kunye nemThetho wabaNtwana welule isandla sikarhulumende mayelana nokulwa nokukhahlunyezwa.
	– Ijima lamalanga ali-16 lokulwa nokukhahlunyezwa kwaboMma nabantwana nalo lisebenzile ekumememi imiphakathi kobana angikhahlumezi.
•	Ubelelesi obuhleliweko – Amaziko akhethekileko wokulwa nobulelesi obuhleliweko asunguliwe:
	– Ngo-2007, Iziko eliSebenza ngoBelelesi obuHleliweko (DSO) selibambe abenzi bobulelesi aba-738 begodu neziko lemisebenzi ekhethekileko latjhutjhisa amacala angaphezu kwe-1000 begodu amaphesente a-85% agwetjwa 
	– Ngo-2008, umthetho kwasungulwa wokuhlanganisa i-DSO neziko lobelelesi obuhleliweko le-SAPS kobana kwenziwe iziko linye ngaphakathi kwi-SAPS.
•	Iingidi ezingekho emthethweni – i-SAPS sele igaye iingidi ezingaphezu kwe-50 000 ukusukela ngo-2000. Umthetho oqinileko mayelana nokukhutjhwa kwamalayisense weengidi nawo ube nomthelela ekulawulweni kweengidi.
Ivikeleko
•	Inturhu yezepolotiki – Inturhu yezepolotiki yaphungulwa eminyakeni elitjhumi yokuthoma yedemokhrasi. IKomitjhana yamaQiniso nokuBuyisana yasiza ekurarululeni kokukhahlunyezwa kwamalungelo wobunntu okwenziwa ngesikhathi sombuso webandlululo.
• Ukulawula emikhawulweni – Ikomiti yeminyango yaborhulumende kunye nethekhnoloji encono ithuthukise ilawulo emikhawulweni yenarha.
Ezinye izinto eziqakathekileko ezifuna itjhejo elikhethekileko
• Amapholisa, amakhotho kunye namajele afuna iinsetjenziswa ezingezelelweko, zisetjenziswe ngcono begodu kube nehlelo lokusebenza elihlanganisiweko.
• Inturhu nobelelelesi obuhleliweko kuziintjhijilo ezikhethekileko.
•  Ukuthlayela komgomo wokufuduka kwezinye iinarha kuziwe lapha ekethu nakho kuphazamisa ukukghonakalisa okufaneleko
• Ukumema umphakathi kobana uzibandakanye ekulweni nobebelesi kungikho okufunekako khulu.
• Ukusebenza ngokulandela ikambiso yomthetho yemanye amaziko wezobulungiswa sele kuhloliwe ngokusebenzisa iintatimende zomphakathi kunye nokuthathwa kwamagadango athathelwa iimphathiswa eziphezulu.
5. Itjhebiswano leetjhabatjhaba, ukuthula kunye nevikeleko.
ISewula Afrika ibe yingcenye zamazwe weetjhabatjhaba, ngokobana isebenzele irhuluphelo lenarha yekhethu, le-Afrika kunye nephasi mazombe elisathuthukako.
Ukunzinzisa itjhebiswano nephasi mazombe
•	Itjhebiswano lobuzenda – ngo-1994, iSewula Afrika beyi nemizenda yangaphandle ema-65 ngo-2008 sele inemizenda eli-121. Imizenda ye-Afrika ikhule ukusukela e-14 kufikela ema-45.
•	Iminyanya yeetjhabatjhaba – Isewula Afrika ibambe iminyanya emikhulu ukusukela ngo-1994, njeBhegere yePhasi yomDlalo kamaKhukhula ararhwe (1995) , Kunye Non-Aligned Movement summit (1998), umhlangano wokuThuthukisa iphasi nokuDzimelela (2002) Kunye neKhonferense yePhasi yeHlangano yezamaPhephandaba (2007), begodu ithumbe iphaliswano lokubamba umdlalo weBhegere yePhasi ye FIFA ka 2010.
Ukuhlanganisa i-ajenda ye-Afrka
•	Iinhlangano zenarhakazi –  ISewula Afrika izibandakanyile ekutjhugululweni kweHlangano yeBumbano ye-Afrika (OAU) yatjhugulululwe kwi-Afrika eBumbeneko (AU), ngokubamba umhlangano wePalamende ye-Afrika kunye nokusiza kokusebenza komkhandlu wezokuthula nevikeleko e-Afrika.
•	Itjhebiswano elitjha lokuthuthukisa kwe-afrika- i-Nepad isisekelo sephasi loke lokuzibophelela eendabeni ze-Afrika.
•	
IPengu yokuBuyekeza ukuSebenza kweeNarha ze-Afrika (APRM) - ISewula Afrika ingenye yeenarha ezilikhomba esele kubuyekeziwe ukusebenza kwayo. Kube neemphakamiso ezi-18 zokusebenza ngefanelo begodu ivume ngokomthetho ihlelo le APRM lokusebenza kobana kutjhejwe okubogabogako ekuvezwe ekubuyekezweni kwayo.
•	I-Sewula Afrika idlale indima eqakathekileko ekwenzeni ukuthula kunye nokukhalima ukutjhayisana enarheni ye-Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, Sudan, Ethiopia-Eritrea, Côte d’Ivoire, Liberia, the Comoros ne-Zimbabwe.  
•	Ukutjalwa kweemali nokurhwebelana phakathi kwenarha ze-Afrika –  I-Afrika sele kuyinarhakazi  yesine kwi-Afex port.
•	Ukwelula ukusebenza kweenarha ezingeSewula ye-Afrika (SADC) – Urhulumende usebenza neeNarha ezingeSewula ye-Afrika kobana zikwazi ukubumbana. Ukusungulwa kwehlelo lokurhwebelana ngenyanga kaRhoboyi 2008 kuzakurholela ekuthengiselaneni okumbumbeneko kunye nendlela yeemakethe ejayelekileko. Ivikeleleko nalo sele landisiwe, ngokusebenzisa iphiko lezokuthula nevikeleko, ukuyelelisa okunengozi kusesenesikhathi, iziko lebandulo lezokuthula esifundeni esingesewula ye-Afrika kunye nomkhandlu okhethekileko we-SADC wezokuvikela.
Ukuzibandakanya ephasini mazombe
•	Ukwakha itjhebiswano lokuthuthukisa nokwenza iphasi elingcono – ISewula Afrika isebenzele ibumbano phakathi kweenarha ezisathuthukako, yasungula amaqhinga wetjhebiswano neenarha ezifana ne Brazil, India, neChina.
	– Itjhebiswano eenarhani ezisathuthukako nakho sele kutjhugululiwe kobana kuthuthukiswe iSewula Afrika nenarhakazi ye-Afrika kobana kuragelwe phambili nendlela yokusebenzisana.
	– I-Sewula Afrika ibe lilunga lesikhatjhana lomkhandlu wezokuvikela wehlangano yeetjhaba ezibumbeneko ngo-2007 isikhathi esibiminyaka emibili. Isebenzela ukubeka ilihlo klokusenza kwetjhatha yeenhlangano ezimbumbeneko, ukusebenzisana nezinye inarha kunye netjhebiswano eliqinileko phakathi kwe-UN ne AU.
•	Ukuthengisa iSewula Afrika nenarhakazi ye-Afrika – Kube nejima ukusukela ngeminyaka yabo1990s lokuthuthukisa iSewula Afrika. Zamavakatjho zikhule msinyana, sebele kwakhiwe amathuba wemisebenzi angaphezu kwe 400 000.
Ukukhula kwezokuvakatjha
1998 
2001 
2004 
2007
Iimvakatjhi ezivela kwezinye iinarha
5,73m 
5,79m 
6,68m 
9,10m
– 
IBhegere yePhasi ka 2010 kulithuba elikhulu lokuthengisa inarha kunye nokusebenzisana nenarhakazi ye-Afrika yoke, kobana kuthuthukiswe isithunzi senarhakazi
Ezinye izinto eziqakathekileko ezifuna itjhejo elikhethekileko
• Ukuphumelelisa msinyana Ihlelo le-Nepad kunye nomujamo beenarha ezingeSewula ye-Afrika kusese ziintjhijilo.
• Kunefuneko yokukhambisa ngefanelo zepolotiki netjhebiswano kwezomnotho kunye nezokuthintana okuqinileko mayelana nomgomo wezangaphandle nangaphakathi eSewula Afrika kunye nakwezinye iinarha.
Abantu abazakutjhejwa
Itjhejo eliqakathekileko lemikhakha leyo eyathintekako ngokwatjhiywa mbuso webandlululo kusizile ekuthuthukiseni amaphilo wabantu.
Itjhejo kiboMma, abantwana, ilutjha kunye nabantu abakhubazekileko
•	Imigomo namahlelo – umthetho, imigomo namahlelo sele kusungiliwe. Kunezakhiwo ezikghonakalisako ezise-ofisini ka Mongameli kunye nema-ofisini wabondunakakulu beemfunda ebatjhayela lelihlelo. Iinhlangano ezithuthukisa iinrhuluphelo zabathintekako kufaka neKomitjhana yezokuLingana, umKhandlu wamaLungelo wabeNtwana, amakhomitjhana wabantu abatjha wenartha mazombe neemfundeni kunye nesikhwama sabantu abatjha esibizwa ngoMsombomvu.
Umthelela wamahlelo nemigomo
•	Athhuba wemsebenzi nokuthatha inqunto – ngo-2004, ikhabinede sele inabajameli abanantu bengubo aba-40%. Ukujanyelwa kwaboMma eemfundeni kunye nakiborhulumende bemakhaya nakho kukhulile. Sebadlula amapesente ama-30% amomma ababaphathi abakhulu kurhulumende, kodwana umkhakha wangeqadi usasalele kilokho.
•	Izenzelwa eziqakathekileko – Ukutjheja izenzelwa eziqakathekileko ebantwni abathlogako kutjho kobana aboMma abanengi nabantwana bayazuza. Ukufumana amanzi, igezi kunye nezokokuthintana ngemirhala kwenza umahluko kiboMma nabentwana.
•	Isondlo – Babalelwa ku-12 Million abantu abafumana isondlo sikarhulumende ngo-2007, Abaziingidi ezibunane isondlo sabantwana. 53%  yezindlu zinikele aboMma labo abanamele amakhaya.
•	Zamaphilo – Ukufumana iinsetjenziswa zamaphilo kunye nokwelatjhwa kwenze imikhakha ekunqotjwe ukusiza kobana izuze. 
	– Ukugula kokungadli kuhle  kwabentwana abancani kwehlile, ukusukela ku 88 971 ngo-2001 kufikela ku 28 165 ngo-2007. Isibalo sabentwana ebalala bangakadli onyakeni ogadungileko sehle nga 31% ukusukela ngo-2002 ukufikela ku 16% ngo-2006.
•	Ifundo -Ifundo yabantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka elikhomba netjhumi nahlanu iyanda eenkolweni – citjhe sekufikelela ku 100% yabantwana abafundako.
	– Amaziko we-FET nawo sele asunguliwe ngo-1998, asiza abantu abatjha  kobana bafumane amakhgono. Ngo-2007, R1,3 billion yadluliselwa esiKhwameni sokuSiza abaFundi.
•	Zomnotho – Abomma, ilutjha nabantu abakhubazekileko kungibo abazuzileko ehlelweni lokufundiswa umsebenzi, ku-EPWP, ukufundiswa ukusungula amabubulo
– Ukungenelela okufaka ihlelo le-Asgisa neJipsa kutjheje khulu ekuthuthukiseni aboMma nabantu abatjha.
Ezinye izinto eziqakathekileko ezifuna itjhejo elikhethekileko
• Ubelelesi kiboMma nabenwana kusesesitjhijilo esikhulu.
• Ukuqatjha kwabantu abakhubazeileko emkhakheni wangeqadi nakurhulumende kusesezingeni  
 eliphasi.
• Izinga lokungasebenzi ebantwini bengubo nelutjha kusesephezulu.
IRAGELO PHAMBILI
Eminyakeni elitjhumi nahlanu embusweni wedemokhrasi, okunengi sele kwenziwe ukutjhababalisa lokho okwatjhiywa mbuso webandlululo kobana kwakhiwe umpkhakathi omutjha. eminyakeni yesibili elitjhumi yedemokhrasi, iSewula Afrika ikwazile ukuthuthuka msinyana.
Kodwana akukaneli.
Ngiyiphi indlela yokusebenza ezakukhgonakalisa urhulumende nenarha kobana baragele phambili  kube nokudzimelela kokukhula nokuthuthuka, nokobana aragele phambili nendlela ayisebenzisa kwagadesi?
Ngabe iintjhijilo zizakufezwa ngokuya kwemizamo yenarha edzimelele ebambiswaneni likarhulumende nabantu kobana kutjhewe iimbonelelo qangi ezimbalwa?
Nanyana ngikuphi okweziwako, iragelo phambili lifuna izombelezo kweminye imibono, njengokukhambisa msinyana ukukhula nokutjhugululwa komnotho, kuliwe nomthlago,kwakhiwe ibambiswano emphakathini, ibambiswano neentjhabatjhaba, kunye nokwakhiwa kombuso osathuthukako.
Ukwenza msinyana ukukhula nokutjhugululwa komnotho
Ukukhula kwamsinyana nokwabelana kuqakathekile ekuphunguleni izinga lokungasebenzi nomthlago. Umkhiqizo wenarha kufuze uthuthukiswe kobana sozokwazi ukukhula msinyana, sibe nabasebenzi abanengi, kufaka nalabo abanamakhgono angasiphezulu, kube nephaliswano kwezomnotho, kwandiswe ukuthengiswa kwepahla ngaphandle kwezinye iinarha kunye nokuqinisekisa ubujamo obuhle babosomabubulo abancani nabakhulu. begodu kusesenefuneko yokuthuthukisa kwamahlelo womnotho wesibili lawo anomthelela omkhulu.
Kuzakuba nefuneko yokutjheja iindleko zamandla wegezi kunye nokuvikela ibhoduluko.
Ukulwa nomthlago
Amagadango wokulwa nomthlago kungiwo aphezulu ehlelweni  elisungulwe ngurhulumrende lamano wokulwa nomthalago. Ukuphungula izinga lokungasebenzi kuligadango lokulwa nomthalago. lifuna kususwe zoke iinqabo ezenza inarha ibebuthakathaka, kungabi namabubulo amancani begodu kwenze abantu bangakhuthazeki ukuyokufuna imisebenzi.
Ukulwa nomthlago kufuna ukuzibophelela okukhethekileko  mayelana nokukwandisa amathuba wabantu wokungena emkhakheni wezemisebenzi kunye nokusungula wabo amabubulo. Ifundo kungiyo enekhgono elikhulu lokuphungula umthlago ebantwini.
Ukwakha itjhebiswano emphakathini nokusebenza kukarhulumende ngokusemthethweni
Ukuqinisekisa ihlala kuhle emphakathini kufuneka kuphungulwe izinga lokungalingani, ngokusebenzisa amathuba wezomnotho kibo boke abantu kunye nokudzimelisa ukusetjenziswa kweemali zikarhulumende kabathlogako.
Ibumbano emphakathini lizakuphumeleliswa ziinhlangano ezikhona zombuso. Lokho kufuna kube nezenzelwa ezinikwelwa mbuso, ukuthuthukisa ukulalela amazizo wabantu kobana nabo bazibandakanye kunye nokuphungula ubelelesi nobukhohlalakali. Ngokufanakako umphakathi unesibophelelo sokuhlonipha nokivikela ukusebenza ngokomthetho kweenhlangano zikarhulumende kunye namagunya anikelwe iinhlanango lezo.
Ukwakha umphakathi obumbeneko nakho kufuna ikuthazo yokubambana kunye nokutjhejana kiwo woke amaSewula Afrika kunobana omunye azitjheje yena kwaphela. Umbuso nomphakathi kufuze basebenzisane kobana kwakhiwe indlela etjha yokubonelelana.
Ukulandela imithetho yembambiswano yeetjhabathjaba
Umsebenzi omnengi sele wenziwe wokukhulisa itjhebiswano ephasini mazombe, khulukhulu enarhakazini ye-Afrika neSewula. Isidingo lesi nasizakuragea phambili, sitjheje khulu i-Afrika neenarha ezingeSewula begodu kuqiniswe nesikhozi neenarha ezinamabubulo. Ukukhulisa amano wetjhebiswano kuzakusiza ukwandisa iinrhuluphelo zenarha yekhethu, kunye nokusabalalisa iinsetjenziswa zethu kobana kube nokuthuthuka enarhakazini ye-Afrika. 
Ukwakha umbuso othuthukako
Ukwenza izinto ezivezwe ngehla, umbuso kufuze ubeneseentjenizswa ezifaka lokhu okulandelako:
• kuzakufuneka abantu abazimeleleko nebanerhuluphelo.
• kuzakufuneka kobana kumenywe yoke imikhakha yomphakathi mayelana nokobana kube   
  nokuvumelana enarheni mazombe
• kuzakufuneka kube namakhgono wokuphumelelisa amahlelo ngendlela efaneleko nokuqinisekisa 
  kobana kunezakhiwo zokusebenza nemikhakha azakukhgonakalisa ukusebenza.
• kufuze kube nekhgonakalo yokuphumelelisa iminqopho yomthetho sisekelo kunye negunya labavodi kobana kube namahlelo namaprojekthi abonakalo.
• kunefuneko yokwandisa ukukhulumisana okukanengi phakathi kwezakhamuzi kunye nabajameli 
  bakarhulumende.
Khuyini izinto eziqakathekileko ocabanga bonyana urhulumende  angazenza ngokusebenzisana nawe?
Veza amazizwakho, Thumela iforomeli ku :
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