Plan (Maize)										Xhosa
Yenza izicwangciso kwaye yiba soloko uzibona njengengcali
Imiyalelo: 
Folio strap: Ukongezwa kwexabiso
Byline: NguJenny Mathews, usihlalo weNkqubo yoPhuhliso lwamaFama yaseGrain SA
Eli nqaku ligqaliselwe ekukhuthazeni umlimi ngamnye okwinkqubo yokufuna umhlaba kodwa likwabalulekile nakwabo bethu asele benawo umhlaba ukuba sisoloko siqwalasela imeko yethu senze uhlalutyo malunga nokuphila kwethuba elide kweefama zethu njengeshishini. 
Ubunini bomhlaba sebungumbandela okhokelwa ziimvakalelo kwaye sebusetyenziswa njengeqonga lomdlalo wamanqindi kwezopolitiko. Nangona kunjalo, umlimi oza kuphumelela xa lufumaneka ufikelelo emhlabeni nokuba kungayiphi indlela, uya kuba ngumlimi olandela indlela yobungcali ngokuhlalutya ngeliso elibukhali yonke imibandela ekuxoxwe ngayo ngezantsi.
Iintsilelo zokubuyiselwa komhlaba – chonga ithuba kummandla wentengiso
Yinyaniso ukuba nangona kukho ilifu lokubhideka nokunganeliseki elijikeleza umba wokubuyiselwa komhlaba kwinqanaba lomndilili, iifama ezininzi sezithengwe ngempumelelo ngokwesiseko somthengi onolangazelelo nomthengisi onolangazelelo kanti ikwayinyaniso into yokuba zezithile kuphela kwezo fama ezigqithiselwe kwiindlalifa ezichongeke njengeziwufumeneyo umhlaba. Abo bethu abaqwalasele le nkqubo yokugqithiselwa komhlaba kodwa abangenamandla egunya sisenemibuzo emininzi malunga nemiqathango yokukhetha esetyenziselwa ukuchonga iindlalifa. Kaninzi sizivile iindaba ezichulumancisayo zokufunyanwa komhlaba, kodwa kuthe kungekomi ne-inki ebhale loo ngxelo ephepheni sabe sesifunda ezinye iindaba zokusilela okuyimbuqe kwayo yona loo “projekthi”!
NgoMatshi 2010, uMphathiswa woPhuhliso lwaseMaphandleni nezeMihlaba, uGugile Nkwinti, uvumile ukuba iinkqubo zikarhulumente zokubuyiselwa komhlaba azikwazanga ukuphumelela ngokunjalo nokuba iindlalifa ezininzi zisilele ekuzuzeni impumelelo yorhwebo emhlabeni wazo wokufama. Le ngxaki isisothuso esingqale kumgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente wokubuyiselwa komhlaba ojoliswe ekugqithiselweni komhlaba wokulima ongama-30% kubalimi abamnyama ngowama-2014. Enyanisweni oku lilishwa leshwangusha! Bonke abadlali beendima baseGrain South Africa nakwiTyathanga leXabiso loKutya okuZiinkozo (Grain Value Chain) ngokubanzi bakholelwa ngokungagungqiyo ukuba ugqithiselo lomhlaba olungenamagingxi-gingxi nolunempumelelo lubaluleke kakhulu kuzinzo lwethuba elide nakwimpumelelo yezolimo nokuba lusisitshixo ekuqinisekisweni kokhuseleko lokutya phakathi kwesizwe sethu.
Umceli-mngeni kukufumana iindlalifa ezifanelekileyo – yiba sisisombululo
Kunzima ukwazi ukuba ingaba abo banikwe umsebenzi wolwabiwo ngokutsha komhlaba bahlalutye baza bachonga iindlalifa ezifanelekileyo na. Kufuneka sikholwe ukuba ngaphaya kokufakana ngokubuqhinga bokwazana emsebenzini nokusebenzisa umkhethe kuya kubakho inkqubo yokuphatha abantu bonke ngokufanayo nenako ukusebenziseka kwaye ilawulwe ngengqiqo efanelekileyo kusenzelwa ubulungisa esizweni kunye nokubuyiselwa komhlaba okufanelekileyo. Kulapho ke umlimi oyingcali yenene nonomnqweno wokuthembeka emsebenzini wokuba ngumlimi ngentliiziyo nangomphefumlo wakhe wonke anokuzilungiselela ngokwakhe. Abantu abanephupha lokwenza umsebenzi wokulima emhlabeni ongowabo nabanethemba lokuzuza okuthile kumgaqo-nkqubo wokubuyiselwa komhlaba wethuba langoku, mabazilungiselele ngenkqubo enobugoci-goci yokwenza izicwangciso ezicingisiswe kakuhle. Mabakwazi ukuphembelela ukuzithemba kwabo ngelinge lokuphumelela njengabalimi abatsha. Okwenzeka kaninzi kukuba abahlala ethembeni basuke bathembele kwintlantsi yethamsanqa kunokuzityhala ukuba babe ziingcali ezisebenza nzima ukwenza izicwangciso nokuzilungiselela kubunini obunokufumaneka bomhlaba ongowabo ngenye imini.
Umlimi ngusomashishini – zilungiselele, yiba yingcali
Uluvo ngalunye ngeshishini luqala ukuphila kanye njengembewu – equlethwe yaza ywachazwa kwisicwangciso seshishini. Akukho nalinye ilinge lobuchwepheshe lokuqalisa okanye lokwandisa ishishini elinokuqala ngaphandle kwabaxhasi nababolekisi bemali kanti isicwangciso seshishini sisixhobo esizele iinyaniso namanani amele umyalezo wokuthundeza umyalezo wesizathu sokuba “iphupha” lakho likufanele ukunikwa inkxaso ukuze libe yimfezeko yenene! Sesi sicwangciso seshishini esimela wena njengengcali eneenjongo ezinako ukusebenza kwaye sikwenza ukuba uthembeke kuba sichaza amanyathelo oza kuwathatha ukuba ufikelele kwezo njongo. Isicwangciso seshishini siya kubandakanya imiba ephambili etyhila ingqiqo yakho ngamathuba eshishini kwaye siya kunika iinjongo zethuba elifutshane nezethuba elide ngoko ke kufuneka unike ithuba lexesha lobukho beshishini kwizicwangciso zakho. Indlela yobungcali oyisebenzisayo iya kubonisa ukuba uziqhelanisile nommandla owundululayo wentengiso yakho kubandakanywa uqwalaselo lwawo onke amathuba nemiqobo ekhoyo. Ewe ke, kuba sukuba ufuna ukwanelisa abaxhasi onokubafumana, uza kugxininisa kwicala leemfezeko zamandla njengomlimi onolwazi nothando olushushu kunye nenkxaso eyimfuneko evela kwabanye abalimi nakwezinye iingcali kumsebenzi wothungelwano lokulima.
Isicwangciso ngasinye seshishini lomsebenzi wokufama sifuna ukuvavanywa nkalo zonke zefama njengeshishini elinye. Isicwangciso masibandakanye isimo seemali njengohlahlo lwabiwo-mali nezandiso zexesha elizayo. Eli libakala elibaluleke kakhulu kwishishini ngakumbi kwimeko yogqithiselo lomhlaba lwethuba langoku, njengoko ingxaki echazwa qho kukuba urhulumente unika umhlaba kwiindlalifa akugqiba athi shwaka eshiya abantu abangazilungiselelanga nabangaxhotyiswanga bengafumani nkxaso malunga nokubekwa iliso ukuze bafumane ukukhokelwa, uphuhliso lwezakhono zobuchule okanye iimali-mboleko zemveliso. Kona ukufumana isipho somhlaba ngummangaliso, luchulumanco...kodwa! Umntu weenjongo ezisebenzayo uzilungiselela kakuhle kwaye uyazi ukuba onke amaphupha afuna igalelo lemali ukuze abe ngamaphupha afezekayo naqhuba ixesha elide. Nabani unako ukutyala imbewu emhlabeni...kodwa asinguye wonke onokuyikhulisa ukuze ithwale isiqhamo! Zimisele ukucela uncedo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkxaso-mali zakho zinako ukwenzeka kwaye uzithembile ngokuthi uyakwazi ekufuneka ukwenzile ukuze ilinge lakho lefama lisebenze.
Izakhelo ezisisiseko zesicwangciso seshishini – yenza okunokwenzeka
Isicwangciso sakho seshishini kufuneka:
Sichaze isindululo sakho sokwenza ishishini lakho elisaqalayo malunga nomsebenzi wokufama.
Salathe amava akho kananjalo sicacise ukuthembeka kwakho ngokunika izizathu zokuba kutheni inguwe umlingwa ofanelekileyo.
Sibonise ukuba uwuqwalasele umcimbi womhlaba osowunawo, imozulu yethuba langoku kwintsimi yakho ojolise kuyo kananjalo uwachongile namathuba okuthengisa nawommandla wentengiso.
Simisele iinjongo zakho nokuchonga iingxaki ezinokubakho ezinokuba ngumqobo othintela impumelelo yeshishini lakho elisaqalayo.
Ukuthengisa
Ngokuqinisekileyo lo ngumcimbi ofuna ukuqwalaselwa ngeliso elibukhali ngumlimi ngamnye kwaye ngumceli-mngeni oxhalabisayo kumaxesha angoku apho abalimi bafumana ukhutshiswano lwabalimi abasehlabathini nabakude ngeemayili ezingamawaka-waka! Abalimi kufuneka babukele imimandla yentengiso yonke imihla kanti maxa wambi benze izigqibo ngokuthengisa isivuno sabo naxa izityalo zabo zisengamagatyana asathambileyo aluhlaza emasimini! Isicwangciso sokuthengisa esicacileyo masisoloko sikhapha inkqubo yemveliso kuba akulunganga ukukhulisa isityalo ongenakufumana bathengi ngaso abazimiseleyo ukuhlawula amaxabiso aya kuqinisekisa ukuba onke amalinge akho okukhulisa aya kuzuzela ishishini lakho inzuzo efanelekileyo ebonisa inkqubela.
Isicwangciso semali
Abanye babalimi abatsha banethamsanqa lokunikwa imiqathango encomeka gqitha yokugqithiselwa komhlaba kodwa eminye imibandela efuna ukuqwalaselwa xa kulungiswa iingxelo zemali yile;
Iindleko zokufumana izixhobo nokhuselo olwenzelwa iindleko zolondolozo.
Iindleko zerente.
Iindleko zegalelo lokutyala isityalo sakho sokuqala.
Imivuzo neentlawulo.
Iindleko zohambo neendleko zamafutha okubasela.
A contractor's costs should be a part of your calculations if you decide that it's best not to invest in all the necessary machinery at once.
A key aspect to your financial plan will be a cash flow statement and this is usually done with the help of a professional book keeper or bank advisor.
