Successful (Maize)									Xhosa

Umsebenzi wokufama ngempumelelo wenziwe walula 

– iinjongo nezinto ekujoliswe kuzo ngeshishini lakho lokufama

Instructions: 

Folio strap: Ulawulo

Byline: Ulwazi luhlanganiselwe ngokusebenzisa incwadi yoqeqesho ngoLawulo lweFama ukwenzela iiNzuzo nguMarius Greyling 



Njengelinye lamanyathelo okuqala afuneka kulawulo oluncomekayo lweshishini lomsebenzi wokufama, kuyimfuneko ukwenza isigqibo ngeenjongo. Akunakulandelwa indlela engaziwayo ngaphandle koluvo oluthile lwenjongo enqwenelekayo. Abavelisi beemveliso bakholisa ukugxekwa kuba bakurhuqela iinyawo ukuseka iinjongo abajolise kuzo okanye iigowuli zeshishini okanye ukuzenzela bona.

Ezinye zezizathu ezixelwayo ngale mbonakalo-zimvo:

Kunzima ukuqulunqa iinjongo zeshishini lokufama kuba iimeko azicaci kwaye azibonakali kwangethuba langaphambili.

Kuthatha ixesha elininzi ukuseka iinjongo ezifanelekileyo zeshishini lokufama.



Nangona zozibini ezi zizathu ziqulethe umba wenyaniso, ukubaluleka kokuseka izinto ekujoliswe kuzo – nangona kukho imibandela ebandakanyekayo yobunzima nexesha – akunakugxininiswa ngakumbi. Iinjongo zinika intsingiselo noluvo malunga namanyathelo kanti ngaphandle kwazo akwenzeki ukukwazi ukuqikelela impumezo okanye intsilelo. Ngaphandle kwenjongo kungamampunge ukulinganisa imfezeko, njengoko kungenakwenzeka ukufikelela kwinjongo engazange isekwe. Inyaniso yokuba ukuseka indawo ekujoliswe kuyo ngeshishini lokufama kunzima kwaye kuthatha ixesha ayikunciphisi ukubaluleka kwako, kodwa kugxininisa inyaniso yokuba kufuneka kunikwe ingqalelo yohlobo olulodwa. 

Ukuseka iindawo ekujoliswe kuzo kwishishini lokufama maxa wambi kunika iingxaki. Isizathu soku sinokufumaneka kwinyaniso yokuba umsebenzi wokufama ungumsebenzi awuqeshelweyo umnini-umvelisi-zimveliso kwaye ukwayindlela yokuphila ebomini. Umzi wakhe uyinxalenye engenakwahlulwa neyimbumba kunye neshishini lakhe elingumsebenzi wakhe awuqeqeshelweyo. Kanti nangona kuvumelekile xa ngokubanzi ukuba injongo ephambili yeshishini elilawulwa yimali ibe yeyona nzuzo iphezulu kwithuba lexesha elide, ishishini lokufama lisenokungakwazi ukwenza oku njengento ekujoliswe kuyo esentloko ngenxa yobumbano yendlela yobomi nomsebenzi wobungcali. Iinjongo jikelele zaba banini-abavelisi-zimveliso zisenokwandlalwa ngokubanzi njengokuzingisa eyona nzuzo iphezulu inokubakho ngaphandle kokuba olu zingiso lokufumana inzuzo alwenziwa endaweni yolonwabo losapho nendlela yokuphila ebomini.


Injongo (iinjongo) eziqulunqwe ngentla azicacanga ngohlobo lokuba azikwazi ukubalwa ngamanani kwaye zinokutolikwa ngeendlela ezahluka-hlukeneyo. Inkcazo, nangona kunjalo yeyokuba akukho bantu babini banezixokelelwano zezinto ezixabisekileyo zifana ncam nengqiqo efanayo yokuba yintoni usapho olonwabileyo ngoko ke indlela yethu yokuphila ebomini iyahluka. Ubunzulu nobude bexesha lokuzingisa ukufuna inzuzo ngoko ke buya kwahluka ukusuka kumvelisi-zimveliso othile ukuya komnye, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zomntu ngamnye nakubunzulu azimisele ukuzinikela ngabo kuzingiso lwakhe lwenzuzo ngaphezu kwezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo. Yintoni ke ngoko enokubaluleka kangako kumvelisi-zimveliso othile malunga noku, kukuba akwazi ukuqikelela ukuba ingaba ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo kuye malunga nenzuzo yokuzinikela, kuba kuxa kulapho apho anokukwazi ukukhetha ngengqiqo phakathi kwezinto ezibalulekileyo. 

Uluntu lulindele ukuba icandelo lemveliso yokufama linikele inkxaso – ngokwezakhono zelizwe elithile –obona buncinane ukutya nezinto ezisisiseko ngamaxabiso aphantsi nokuthi liqhube ngokwenza njalo, nto leyo ethetha ukusetyenziswa okukokona kuphezulu kwemithombo yobutyebi bendalo kwithuba elide. Nangona kunjalo, iinjongo ezingangqaliswanga azisayo kwanela. Umsetyenzana ngamnye nalowo owonganyelweyo umsetyenzana nawo ukwafuna injongo okanye injongo eyonganyelweyo engqalileyo, kodwa ezi kufuneka ukuba zisoloko zingqinelana nenjongo engangqalanga esentloko. Umzekelo, umvelisi-zimveliso owenza isigqibo sokulima umbona kufuneka aphinde abe nenjongo engqalileyo yesebe lakhe lombona, umzekelo xa elima iihektare ezingama-500 zombona otyheli ngonyaka. Kodwa nako oku akwanelanga. Kuya kufuneka ukuba aqikelele iinjongo malunga nezinto eziphathekayo kunye neendleko zazo njengoko ezi zinto ziza kumkhokela kwisicwangciso sokusebenzisa imbewu nesichumiso.

Umvelisi-zimveliso ngamnye makaqondisise iinjongo ezizezakhe ngokwakhe. Ukubaluleka kokuseka iindawo ekujoliswe kuzo kwakhona zisenokuphinda zigxininiswe kanti kwakhona kufuneka kuboniswe ukuba kubalulekile kumvelisi-zimveliso ukuba acacelwe malunga neminqweno afuna ukuyiphumeza ngeshishini lakhe lokufama. Ukuba kukho naluphi ungquzulwano phakathi kwezi njongo, umvelisi-zimveliso yena ngokwakhe, makathathele ingqalelo izinto ezizingileyo kunye nesimo sokudalwa kwakhe aze acacise ukulandelelana kwezinto ezibalulekileyo kuye. Kwisicwangciso salo naliphi inyathelo elingaphaya okanye into ekujoliswe kuyo kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba le njongo engqalileyo okanye inyathelo liyangqinelana nolandelelwaniso lwezinto ezibalulekileyo kuye kananjalo nokuba lungena kakuhle kwiinjongo ezingangqalanga. 

Yonke into ethethwe ngeenjongo kude kube lapha inokushwankathelwa ngomba omnye nje. Iinjongo zeshishini lokufama yinzondelelo yeyona nzuzo iphezulu ngobonelelo lokuba imithombo yobutyebi yendalo (umhlaba, amanzi, amadlelo, njl.njl.) zigcinwa ngendlela yokuba zisetyenziselwe ukuvelisa isivuno esiphezulu kwithuba elide.


Ukuze umphathi ancomeke makenze nje:

Acacelwe kakuhle ziinjongo zakhe, ezethuba elifutshane nezethuba elide;

Enze isicwangciso nolwabiwo-mali lwendlela yokusebenzisa imithombo yobutyebi ukuze aphumeze ezi njongo;

Athwale uxanduva nogunyaziso olufunekayo ukuze aguqulele ezi zicwangciso kwizenzo; kananjalo

Asungule izixokelelwano ezaneleyo zolawulo ukunika ingxelo ngenkqubela ukuze nawaphi amanyathelo okulungisa ayimfuneko ekufuneka ethathiwe ngexesha elilungileyo.



Iinjongo mayibe zezi:

N – ngokulinganisa;

Q – qondisa nqo;

O – okuphumezekayo;

B – bamba ixesha;

O - okukwaziyo ukwenzeka.



Ukuseka Iinjongo

Ukuseka iinjongo kunxulumene negama elithi “yintoni” malunga nomsebenzi wasefama, ukuze ufumanise iimpendulo zombuzo othi “Yintoni esifuna ukuyiphumeza?” 



Ezinye iigowuli neenjongo ziquka intlaninge yemiceli-mingeni, kuyo nantsi ebaluleke kakhulu:

Ukuphumeza ngokwehektare izivuno ekujoliswe kuzo – oku kuthetha ukuba imveliso ngehektare nganye mayifike apho kujoliswe khona njengoko bekusekiwe kulwabiwo-mali lonyaka. Iindawo ekujoliswe kuzo ngonyaka zahluka ngokwahluka kwamashishini. 

Qinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ezifumaneka ekugqibeleni zihlangabezana nemigqaliselo yommandla wentengiso – umphathi wemveliso kufuneka, umzekelo, aseke iinjongo zemveliso ukuphumeza iimfuneko zemimandla yentengiso. Oku kunokuba ngokwemigqaliselo yobukhulu, umbala okanye udidi lwangaphakathi.

Qinisekisa ukuba inkqubo iyalondolozeka – oku kuthetha ukuqinisekisa ukuba imo engqongileyo ayiphazanyiswa kakubi okanye ngokungeyomfuneko ziinkqubo zomsebenzi wemveliso, umzekelo imichiza yokutshatyalaliswa kwezibulali-zityalo, izichumiso njl.njl., ukuze kulondolozeke amanqanaba aphezulu omsebenzi wemveliso kwithuba lobomi bommandla okanye leshishini lemveliso.

Yiba soloko uphakathi kwesakhelo seMisebenzi eMihle yezoLimo (Good Agricultural Practices - GAP) I-GAP ikhuthaza unonophelo lokusetyenziswa kwemichiza ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabo bonke abasebenzi, ukusetyenziswa kwezitshabalalisi zezibulali zezityalo, izitshabalalisi zomngundo nezichumiso ngendlela yocwangco, ngokuqaphela nagokwenza izicwangciso, nokuqaphela kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ukuthintela umonakalo, ungcoliseko nokhukuliseko.



Iinjongo ezilandela ezisentloko zisenokusetyenziswa kwimisebenzi yokufama yabantu ngabanye, kodwa ukuhlangabezana neenjongo ezixelwe ngentla kuya kuqinisekisa impumezo epheleleyo yomsebenzi.





