Uxwebhu lokhenketho olugqibeleleyo lwePalamente 

INTSHAYELELO (INTSHAYELELO EMFUTSHANE)

Wamkelekile kwiPalamente yoMzantsi Afrika, iPalamente yenkulungwane yama-21! 

Le Palamente yeyabantu ngokupheleleyo! 

Umbono wethu kukwakha iPalamente yabantu esabela kwiimfuno zabantu kwaye eqhutywa liphupha lokuphumeza ubomi obungcono kubantu bonke baseMzantsi Afrika. 

Sizama ukuqinisekisa ngeenkqubo zethu ukuba uluntu olubekelwe bucala lusoloko lubandakanywa.  

Indima nesona siphumo sePalamente kukumela abantu kunye nokuqinisekisa ngorhulumente wabantu phantsi koMgaqo-siseko.  

Oku kuphumelela ngokupasiswa kwemithetho, ukongamela izenzo zikarhulumente nokubandakanya uluntu ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zePalamente.  

UMgaqo-siseko ngowona mthetho mkhulu weRiphabliki kwaye usisiseko solawulo lwentando yesininzi kunye noluntu olukhululekileyo apho urhulumente asekwe ngokwentando yabantu nalapho ummi ngamnye welizwe ekhuselwe ngumthetho ngokulinganayo. 

Imisa iinqobo neendlela zokusebenza zolawulo lwentando yesininzi olubeka abantu esazulwini salo.



IPalamente yenziwe ngabameli babantu abangama-400 abonyulwe ngokukhululekileyo abangabeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho.    

Amaphondo amelwe ePalamente kwiBhunga leSizwe lamaPhondo elenziwa ngabathunywa abali-10 kwiphondo ngalinye. 

IPalamente yethu yentando yesininzi iyazingca ngembali yokumelwa ngabasetyhini. 

Abasetyhini ngoku bangama-43% wamaLungu.    

Ukusukela ngowe-2009, sibekwe kwindawo yesithathu ehlabathini ngokuphathelele kubameli abangabasetyhini. 

Inani ekujoliswe kulo labameli basetyhini ePalamente ngama-50%.  

Sikwanepalamente ekhutheleyo! 

IPalamente yethu yokuqala yentando yesininzi yowe-1994, njengomnye wemithetho yokuqala, yonyula uMongameli uNelson Mandela njengentloko karhulumente.  

Ngomhla wama-24 kuCanzibe 1994 uMongameli uMandela wenza iNtetho yakhe yokuqala yoVulo lwePalamente kwindibano yeziNdlu zombini zePalamente yokuqala eyonyulwe ngokwentando yesininzi. 

Ukusukela ngoko  iPalamente yamkela uMgaqo-siseko weRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika ngonyaka we-1996 yaza yapasisa ngaphezu kwewaka lemithetho emitsha!



Ingaba ukulungele na ukuhlola iipaseji zale Palamente inamandla kangakanana? 

Masiqhubeke nokhenketho lwethu lwePalamente yoMzantsi Afrika!



Olu khenketho lugxininise kwimimandla emithathu yePalamente, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Old Assembly, (INdlu yoWiso-mthetho endala) iNdlu yoWiso-mthetho (National Assembly) kunye neBhunga leSizwe lama Hondo (National Council of Provinces). 

Thatha ixesha lakho uPhonononge!...

Parliament Street 

Le yiParliament Street. Izindlu ezibizwa ngokuba yiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, iBhunga leSizwe lamaPhondo kunye neTuynhuys zifumaneka kwesi sitalato apho ii-ofisi zikarhulumente kwakunye nee-ofisi zemibutho esePalamente zikhoyo. UMongameli uhamba kwisitalato iParliament xa esiya kwenza iNtetho kaMongameli yoVulo lwePalamente yeSizwe kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho qho ngonyaka kwindibano yeziNdlu zombini zePalamente.  Ngexesha leNtetho kaMongameli yoVulo lwePalamente yeSizwe eyaziwa ngokuba “kukuVulwa kwePalamente”, kuwo omabini amacala eParliament Street kuma uludwe lwabantu abanika imbeko.  

ISlave Lodge 

ISlave Lodge yindawo yeenkumbulo  kunye nesikhumbuzo. Yakhiwa yiDutch East India Company ngonyaka we-1679. Yasebenza njengesihlalo seBhunga leeNgcebiso phambi kokwakhiwa kwePalamente yaseKoloni, kwaye yayikwasetyenziswa njengesakhiwo see-ofisi zikarhulumente, iNkundla ePhakamileyo, iPosi yaza ekugqibeleni yasebenza njeMuziyam yokugcina iMbali yeNkcubeko.  

Ngexesha leNtetho kaMongameli yoVulo lwePalamente yeSizwe uMongameli kunye nemingcelele emkhaphayo ihamba kwikhaphethi ebomvu ukusuka eSlave Lodge ukuya kwindibano yezindlu zombini zePalamente eba kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho. 





iMarks Building



IMarks Building ifumaneka ngaphesheya kwesakhiwo seBhunga leSizwe lamaPhondo eParliament Street. Yakhiwa ngonyaka we-1904, iMarks Building ngoku ilikhaya lemibutho yezopolitiko ephikisayo kunye nabaqeshwa bayo. Ngaphambili yayisetyenziswa yiNdlu yabaThunywa kwiPalamente engunxantathu, ngaphambi konyaka we-1987. IPalamente engunxantathu (okanye enamagumbi amathathu) yangonyaka we-1985 yayinamagumbi abaMhlophe, abeBala kunye namaNdiya kodwa abantu abaMnyama bona babebekelwe bucala.



I-Africa House

I-Africa House ibekwe ngobuchule embindini wezakhiwo zePalamente ngaphesheya kweNdlu yoWiso-mthetho. Yayikade isetyenziswa njenge-ofisi yeKomishoni ePhezulu yaseBrithani, kwaye ngokunje ilikhaya leKomiti eDibeneyo yezobuNtlola kunye nezinye ii-ofisi zasePalamente. 



I-Africa House 2

Phakathi e-Africa House kukho izinto zakudala zemisebenzi wobuchule bezandla ezenziwe apha eMzantsi Afrika: ibhokisi eyenziwe ngomthi iMimosa obudala bungama-350 eminyaka owathi wawiswa ngumoya owawuvuthuza ngamandla ovela emazantsi-mpuma ngowe-1892. Intonga yegunya kaSomlomo wePalamente yayigcinwa kule bhokisi iminyaka emininzi.



IStal Plein

Igama elithi “Stal” ngesiXhosa lithetha isitali samahashe. Isango elikhulu lokuqala elingena eStalplein, eyathiywa ngenxa yezitali zeRhuluneli yaseKoloni, lalikwiCompany Gardens kwicala laseTuynhuys, eyaqalisa ubomi njengendawo yokugcina izixhobo zokusebenza iVOC eyaziwa njengeDutch East India Company eyathi emva kwethuba yasetyenziswa  zizo zonke iiRhuluneli zaseKoloni. Izakhiwo zePalamente ezalandelayo zaya zisondela njengokuba kusakhiwa amanye amacandelo, de kwangonyaka we-1988 xa kwakusakhiwa iphiko elitsha elineNdlu yoWiso-mthetho elaya kufikelela eTuynhuys. Ngexesha leendibano zePalamente, uMongameli usebenzisa isakhiwo iTuynhuys njenge-ofisi yakhe esemthethweni. ITuynhuys ilawulwa ngokuzimeleyo. 



Isango lokungena ePalamente elivela kwisitalato iRoeland 



Kwade kudala iPalamente le ibithetha izinto ezahlukileyo kubantu abohlukileyo. Kwisango elingena ePalamente elikwisitalato iRoeland, umqingqwa okhwele ihashe weNjengele uLouis Botha ubangela ukubuzwa kombuzo othi: Sithini na ngamaqhawe amatsha esizwe? Ukanti ke, lo mqingqwa ngowesiXeko saseKapa. Imida yePalamente ekwisitalato iPlein iphawulwe ngeengcingo kunye neCompany Gardens kwicala elisentshona. Isango lokungena elikwisitalato iRoeland libonelela ngendlela yokungena kwamalungu kunye nabasebenzi basePalamente kwindawo engaphantsi komhlaba yokumisa izithuthi.   





IDangatye leeNkumbulo             

Ngexesha lombhiyozo wokuvulwa kwePalamente nezinye iziganeko zeSizwe, iDangatye leeNkumbulo liyavuthiswa ePalamente ukunika imbeko kubo bonke abawa kwiimfazwe ezibandakanya uMzantsi Afrika. UMongameli woMzantsi Afrika yiNkumanda eseNtloko yomkhosi. 


IZiko leeNdwendwe   

IZiko leeNdwendwe lifumaneka kwiPosi endala eyinxalenye yezakhiwo zePalamente ngoku. IPalamente yamkela iindwendwe ezivela kufutshane nakude kwaye abafundi bamkeleke nangakumbi. Ngaphezu kwama-25 000 eendwendwe zikhenketha iPalamente minyaka le. Iindwendwe zicelwa ukuba zibonise izazisi ezisemthethweni ngaphambi kokuba zivunyelwe ukungena ePalamente. Kuye kuxakekwe nangakumbi xa ilixesha lentetho kaMongameli yoVulo lwePalamente yeSizwe (ekwabizwa njengokuba luvulo lwePalamente lonyaka) okanye xa uMphathiswa wezeziMali esenza intetho yohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali.   

IPoorthuis, isango lokungena uluntu ePalamente 

IPoorthuis eyaziwa njengokuba yiGate House lisango eliya e-Old Assembly (isakhiwo seNdlu yoWiso-mthetho esidala). Ubani kufuneka agqithe kwisango loonogada xa engena. Ngaphakathi nje kweli sango kukho iimitha zokuqala ezingama-30 zelaphu elihonjisiweyo elixhonywe edongeni elenziwa kuQobo-qobo (Keiskamma Tapestry)(jonga kwiHotspot).      

Iholo ekusa kwiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho  

Emva kokonyuka amanqwanqwa ukuya kwisango lobukhosi lesakhiwo seNdlu yoWiso-mthetho, ubani unyathela umgangatho weholo yeNdlu yoWiso-mtheto owenziwe ngethayile zelitye eligudisiweyo elibizwa ngokuba yimabhile. Isango elingena eholweni liya kwisango lokungena amaLungu. Kukho izinyuko ezimbini kwicala ngalinye lesango elingena eholweni eziya kwigumbi likawonke-wonke eziphezulu, igumbi loonondaba, amagunjana aBathunywa kunye nee-ofisi.Ngexesha leNtetho yoVulo lwePalamente kunye notyelelo looRhulumente kuqengqwa ikhaphethi ebomvu eholweni eya kwisango lamalungu.     



INdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe

Eli gumbi likhaya leendibano zocweyo zeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe kunye neendibano zezindlu zePalamente zombini. Ngoku, amaLungu ePalamente angama-400 adibanela apha ukuze apasise imithetho kunye nokongamela izenzo zikarhulumente. UMongameli uhlala ekunene kukaSomlomo, kwisitulo esinembasa. Ekunene kukaSomlomo kuhlala elona qela lezopolitiko likhulu ukuze ekhohlo kuhlale imibutho ephikisayo. Kwakukweli gumbi apho owayesakuba nguMongameli uFW de Klerk wathi ngexesha loCalucalulo wabhengeza ngokuvulwa komlomo kwe-ANC kunye namanye amaqela ezopolitiko. Kwiintsuku ezilithoba emva koko, ngomhla we-11 kweyoMdumba ngowe-1990 uNelson Mandela wathi wakhululwa entolongweni emva kweminyaka engama-27 evalelwe. Kwinkonzo endilisekileyo nechukumisayo ngonyaka we-1994, uMnu Mandela wathi wamkelwa njengoMongameli wokuqala onyulwe ngokwentando yesininzi eMzantsi Afrika.    

Iqonga eliphambi kwesitulo sikaSomlomo lisetyenziswa ngexesha lotyelelo loorhulumente okanye nguMongameli okanye aBaphathiswa abaphendula imibuzo. Ngexesha leengxoxo, okanye xa ilungu lisenza ingxelo basebenzisa eli qonga, kodwa bangazibhengeza iziphakamiso okanye babuze imibuzo kwaye bangenza iziphakamiso zonqwanqwado kwiindawo abahleli kuzo, ezifakwe izixhobo zokwandisa isandi. Kwisitulo ngasinye kukho izixhobo zekhompyutha ezisetyenziselwa ukuvota ukuqinisekisa ukuba amalungu avota ekhusini, kodwa umbutho ngamnye uyakwazi ukubona ukuba mangaphi amalungu awo awuvoteleyo okanye angawuvotelanga umthetho lowo.      



Isitulo sikaSomlomo  

Isitulo sikaSomlomo sifumaneka kwiqonga eliphakamileyo ekupheleni kwegumbi leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe. Kulapho uSomlomo athi ongamele zonke iinkqubo zeNdlu.    



USomlomo wokuqala wePalamente yentando yesininzi, ugqirha Frene Ginwala, walungiselela iinkokheli zamaqela amancinane ukuba zihlale kwizitulo ezingaphambili ukuze abavoti bakwazi ukuzibona iinkokheli zamaqela abawavoteleyo. Xa kukho iindibano yeziNdlu zombini, efana neNtetho kaMongameli yoVulo lwePalamente yeSizwe, izitulo ziyongezwa phakathi kwamacandelo omabini ukulungiselela amalungu avela kwiBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe.



IGumbi elindala leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho 



IGumbi elidala leNdlu yoWiso-mthetho lalisetyenziswa yiPalamente ukusukela ekusekweni kwe-Union ngowe-1910, de kwabe konyulwa urhulumente wokuqala wentando yesininzi ngowe-1994. Ngowe-1994 iPalamente yelo xesha yapheliswa kweli gumbi: isenzo eziluphawu olubonisa ukuphela kocalucalulo kunye nemithetho yalo. Ngowe-1961 uMzantsi Afrika yaphuma kuMazwe Ayefudula engaMathanga eBrithani (Commonwealth) ukuze ube yiRiphabliki. Kwinyanga ezine emva kokuba uMzantsi Afrika uphumile kuMazwe Ayefudula engamathanga eBrithani waba yiRiphabliki, uDimitri Tsafendas wahlaba wosela iNkulumbuso, ugqirha Hendrik Verwoerd, kwisitulo awayehleli kuso.  



Eli gumbi ngoku lisetyenziselwa iindibano zovakaliso-zimvo, ukupasisa imithetho kunye nomsebenzi wePalamente wokongamela. Likwasetyenziswa njengendawo yeentlanganiso zoqeqesho, iintlanganiso zamaqela neekomiti kunye neentlanganiso ezisekhusini ze-ANC neeNdibano zoVakaliso-zimvo.



IGumbi loKutyela leNdlu eNdala yoWiso-mthetho 



IGumbi loKutyela leNdlu eNdala yoWiso-mthetho laliyinxalenye yesakhiwo sakuqala sowe-1885, lisebenza njengegumbi loWiso-mthetho eKoloni. Emva kokusekwa koMdibaniso (Union) ngowe-1910, igumbi loWiso-mthetho lathi longezwa. Igumbi lorhulumente waseKoloni laba ligumbi lokutyela amalungu kunye neendwendwe. INkulumbuso yaseBrithani uHarold MacMillan wayinikela apha intetho yakhe “Wind of Change” ngowe-1960, exela inkululeko yamathanga aseBritani e-Afrika. 



IPaseji yeBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe

 IPaseji yeBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe yayisaziwa njengeHolo likaKumkanikazi ithiywe ngoKumkanikazi uVictoria kwaye eli gama lasetyenziswa kwade kwangunyaka we-1961. Yabizwa ngokuba yiGallery Hall ngowe-1961 xa uMzantsi Afrika usiba yiRiphabliki. 



Umgangatho wepaseji wenziwe ngethayile eziqhelekileyo ezihonjisiweyo ezazithandwa kakhulu ngexesha likakumkanikazi uVictoria. 



IGumbi leBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe

Eli ligumbi leBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe, elinye lezakhiwo ezibalulekileyo zembali yoMgaqo-siseko waseMzantsi Afrika, elibonelela abemi bamaphondo ngokuthi bamelwe ePalamente. Imithetho echaphazela amaphondo ixoxwa ize igqitywe apha kweli gumbi. IBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe linamalungu ali-10 avela kwiphondo ngalinye, amalungu asisigxina amathandathu kunye nabathunywa abakhethekileyo abane.  



Kweli gumbi, amalungu ahlala ngokwamaPhondo kwaye avote njengenxalenye yephondo. Abavoti banevoti eyahlukileyo yokonyula amalungu eePalamente zamaPhondo olithoba, qho kwiminyaka emihlanu, ngosuku lovoto jikelele. IPhondo ngalinye linophawu lwePhondo olubonisiweyo kwiBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe. 



ITafile kaMongameli enophawu kwiBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe



Xa uMongameli emenyiwe ukuba azimase indibano yeBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe, uhlala kumqolo ongaphambili, ekunene kukaSihlalo, kwisitulo esinophawu lwesizwe lukaMongameli oluqoqwe kuso.



Izitulo eziphezulu kwiBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe



 Indawo yezitulo eziphezulu kwiBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe isetyenziswa ziindwendwe ezibaluleke kakhulu kunye noluntu jikelele xa luze ePalamente.  



Uphawu lwesizwe

Uphawu lwesizwe lwaseMzantsi Afrika ngowona mqondiso kaRhulumente ubonakalayo. Okubonakalayo embindini wophawu yintyatyambo yesizwe enkulu ebizwa ngokuba sisiqwane, engumfuziselo wentlalontle phakathi kwazo zonke iintlanga neenkcubeko zazo kunye nelizwe njengesizwe esidubula ngokwentyatyambo. Ngasentla kwesiqwane kukho ingxangxosi evule amaphiko kunye nelanga eliphumayo. Ingqolowa ingumfuziselo wokutyeba komhlaba eli lixa amabamba endlovu yase-Afrika engumfuziselo wobulumko, amandla kunye nokomelela.   



Uphawu lwesizwe 2

Embindini, ikhaka lingumfuziselo wokhuseleko lwabemi boMzantsi Afrika, ngasezantsi kukho umkhonto kunye negqudu (intonga eyenziwe ngomthi), ezibekwe phantsi, zibonakalisa ukukhuselwa koxolo kodwa azinguwo umfuziselo wemfazwe. Phakathi kwekhaka kukho imifanekiso yabantu bohlanga lwamaKhoisan, abantu bamandulo beli lizwe. Le mifanekiso yabantu ithatyathelwe kwilitye iLinton, elingumzekelo odume kumhlaba wonke wobugcisa baseMzantsi Afrika obenziwe ngamatye. Isaci sophawu lwesizwe sithetha ukuthi “abantu abohlukileyo bemanyane” ngolwimi lwamaKhoisan/ abantu abangamaXam: !ke e:/xarra//ke   



Isango likaKumkanikazi kwisakhiwo seBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe

Isango likaKumkanikazi lifumaneka kwisakhiwo sokuqala sePalamente yaseKoloni eyagunyaziswa ngowe-1885. Lalibonelela ngokungena kwigumbi kufutshane nesango eliya kwiCompany Gardens. ICompany Gardens yathiywa yiDutch East India Company eyathi ngowe-1652 yathumela uJan kunye noMaria Van Riebeeck eKoloni. Ezinye izakhiwo zongezwa ePalamente emva kokuba amathanga eBritani (Koloni kunye neNatal) kunye nezazisiya kuba ziiRiphabliki zamaBhulu (Transvaal kunye neFreyistata) zathi zaseka eloMdibaniso (Union of South Africa) ngowe1910. 





Ithala leencwadi (ekunene kwepaseji ekwisakhiwo seBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe)

Ithala leencwadi lifumaneka ekunene kwepaseji ekwisakhiwo seBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe. Ngowe-1857 kwasekwa ithala leencwadi ngengqokelela yeencwadi eyayisetyenziswa yiCape Legislative Assembly kunye neBhunga lemithetho. Ngowe-1910, phantsi koMdibaniso (Union), ezi ngqokelela zaba lithala leencwadi lasePalamente. Ngowe-1919, kongezwa iincwadi ezinqabileyo, iifoto, iimephu kunye nemizobo, ukuze ekugqibeleni zibe yiNgqokelela eKhethekileyo. 



Ngaphezu kweminyaka eli-150 kwathi kwamane kusongezwa ngokuncomekayo kweli thala, kuquka ingqokelela kaSidney Mendelssohn. Ngowe-1917 wanikela ngengqokelela yakhe ebizwa ngokuba yi-Africana eyayinezinto ezingama-7000 ePalamente. Kukho iincwadi eziqikelelwa kuma-200 000 kweli thala leencwadi, kuquka neengxelo zamandulo ezinexabiso zoMzantsi Afrika neze-Afrika.    



Imisebenzi yobugcisa yasePalamente 

Phakathi kwemisebenzi yobugcisa eboniswa kwiindonga zendawo yokugcina izinto zakudala kukho imisebenzi yegcisa lokuzoba uFrancois Le Valliant. Wayengumhambi womFrench owathatha uhambo olude ecanda kwimpuma nakumntla Koloni phakathi kweminyaka yowe-1781 nowe-1784. Imizobo yepeyinti exutywa namanzi iyaluxela olu hambo.  



Imisebenzi yobugcisa, izinto ezenziwe ngezandla kunye nengqokelela yelifa lePalamente zilondoloziwe, zibhalwe phantsi kwaye zigciniwe yi-ofisi yobugcisa yasePalamente kwaye ziyafikeleleka kuluntu. Ezi ngqokelela zibalulekile kwaye zinexabiso ngokwezembali kodwa azimelanga bonke abantu kunye nobugcisa beli lizwe. IPalamente izama ukuba ngumzekelo kuluntu ngokubonisa ubugcisa obumele bonke abemi boMzantsi Afrika. Imisebenzi emitsha yeentlobo ezahlukileyo iyafunwa ukwenzel’ ukuba iPalamente ibe yinxalenye yohambo endaweni yokuba ibe yindawo ekusingiswe kuyo.



Keiskamma Tapestry (Ilaphu elihonjisiweyo lakuQobo-qobo) 

IKeiskamma Tapestry libonisa umsebenzi wamagcisa amaninzi, endaweni yegcisa elinye. Inguquko ekhangeleka okomlingo eMzantsi Afrika izotywe kakuhle kwiKeiskamma Tapestry exhonywe kwipaseji yeNdlu endala yoWiso-mthetho. Eli laphu lihonjisiweyo elibonisa imbali yomzabalazo woMzantsi Afrika lenziwa ngabasetyhini baseMpuma Koloni, kwaye liquka imifanekiso evela kwincwadana efundisa ngonyulo eyayinikezelwa kubavoti baseMzantsi Afrika kunyulo lokuqala lwentando yesininzi.



Ibhokisi yokubukisa ekwigumbi lokulindela (foyer) elikumgangatho osezantsi, kwisango lesibini lokungena leGold Card     



Intonga yegunya yesizwe yegolide eyaphiwa iPalamente ngowe-1963 yiChamber of Mines yaseTransvaal neyaseFreyistata, indawo yayo ithathwe yiNtonga yeGunya yesizwe yabantu. Phezu kwentonga yegunya yesizwe yabantu kukho incwadi evuliweyo (emele uMgaqo-siseko), negubu elibiza abameli besizwe ukuba beze entlanganisweni.  



Ibhokisi yokubukisa ekumgangatho ophezulu 

Izinto eziliqela kunye neebhokisi ziboniswe kwipaseji edibanisa isakhiwo seBhunga lamaPhondo leSizwe. UMthetho otyikityiweyo wokuseka eloMdibaniso (Union of South Africa) ngowe-1910 nawo ubonisiwe, unetywina lasebukhosini, nanjengokuba noMthetho wokuseka iRiphabliki yoMzantsi Afrika ngowe-1961 nawo ubonisiwe.



Iibhokisi zokubukisa kumgangatho ophezulu  

ISitulo sasisetyenziswa ngooSomlomo bePalamente yaseKoloni, saze emva kwexesha sasetyenziswa yiNdlu yoWiso-mthetho. 

Intonga yegunya yesizwe endala ekwibhokisi yokubonisa ifana naleyo yayisetyenziswa kwiNdlu yoMndilili eNgilani. Yayidla ngokuxhaswa ngetresile phezu kwetafile yeNdlu yoWiso-mthetho. 



 Iibhokisi zokubukisa kumgangatho ophezulu  

Kweli candela kukho iibhokisi zokubukisa eziliqela eziqulethe:

IDie Stem

Umhobe wesizwe owabhalwa ngu CJ Langenhoven ewubhalela eloMdobaniso, i“Die Stem”, nawo ubonisiwe apha, ecaleni komqulu wokuwonga abo bathi bawa kwiimfazwe zehlabathi zombini kunye namagama amajoni aMnyama abhalwe ngasemva kwiiNcwadi zeNkumbulo. 

Ibhokisi eneewigi

Iiwigi zamagosa ongameleyo kunye namagosa aphezulu kwiitafile yeNdlu kunye neBhunga lokuqingqa imithetho zanqunyanyiswa ngeyoMqungu we-1987, emva kwendibano yeeKomiti zemithetho emileyo kunye neMiyalelo, nangona iwigi yokugqibela kubonakala ukuba yanxitywa ngowe-1994.

IIBHOKISI ZOKUBUKISA EZINGAPHEZULU

Amatyana amancinane avela enyangeni, awanikezelwa kuMzantsi Afrika nguMongameli uRichard Nixon, nawo abonisiwe.

