







































Department of Environmental 
	Affairs and Tourism 
in partnership with	co-sponsored by


Dzindivhuwo 
  Muhasho wa zwa Mupo na Vhuendelamashango, GTZ na DAI u livhisa ndivhuwo dzawo kha madzanganao a tevhelaho kha u shela mulenzhe hao nga ndila ya ndeme kha maga a u eletshedza: 
Tshigwada tsho newaho mushumo tsha CBNRM, tsho bveledzaho maga aya a ngeletshedzo 
Muhasho wa zwa Madi na Vhusimadaka na Muhasho wa zwa Vhulimi na Mavu 
 Muvhuso wa Vundu na Wapo kha mavundu othe kha u ranga phanda maitele na u shela mulenzhe ha ndeme 
  Vhadzulapo vha Moruleng (Vunḓu ḽa Devhula Vhukovhela), Bushbuckridge (Vunḓu ḽa Limpopo), Mtentu (Kapa vhubvaḓuvha), Richtersveld (Kapa Devhula) kha u shela mulenzhe havho kha u shumisa maga a ngeletshedzo kha thodea dza tshitshavha 
  Tshitafu na matshudeni a Muhasho wa Saintsi ya Mupo vha Yunivesithi ya Rhodes kha thodisiso dzavho na thikedzo yavho ya u ¥walela tshigwada tsho ṋewaho mushumo. 

Yo kandiswa lwa u thoma Pretoria nga 2003 

 Zwi re Ngomu 

Marangaphanda nga Vho - Pam Yako,	Mufarisa Mulanguli Dzhenerala:
Biodiversity and Conservation Muhasho wa zwa Mupo na Vhuendelamashango . .	…………………………………..1

Tshitori tsha vhathu, mupo, u tshila. na fulufhelo kha vhumatshelo…2

Nga ha maga aya a ngeletshedzo . . .	.5

Tshipida tsha 1 Naa CBNRM ndi mini?. . .	11

Tshipida tsha 2 Ngeletshedzo dza sumbe dza milayo ya ndeme ya u  
	eletshedza. .	21

Tshipida tsha 3 Dzikhaedu . . .	43

Tshipida tsha 4 Ngeletshedzo dza u shuma dza fumi dza vhothe 	45

Tshipida tsha 5 Ngeletshedzo dza u shuma dza fumithihi dza
zwitshavha 	49

Tshipida tsha 6	Ngeletshedzo dza u shuma dza fumithihi dza
 vhashumi vha CBNRM. ……………………………….	53

Tshipida tsha 7 Ngeletshedzo dza u shuma dza fumiraru dza vhaiti
vha milayo …. . ………………………………………….	57

Mitevhe ya vhukwamani . . .	61













NGELETSHEDZO 

 Marangaphanda 																																																					1
U mona na shango lothe—nga maanda kha vhupo ha mahayani na nnda ha dorobo khulwane dzi fanaho na Johannesburg na Durban na Polokwane—hu na dzimilioni dza vhathu vhane vha khou rema miri ya dakani na u vhulaha kana u zwima phukha nahone kha maitele ayo, vha khou lwela u wana ndila dza u vhulunga mupo vha tshi khou itela mirafho i daho. Vha shela mulenzhe naho hu uri vhunzhi havho a vha shumisi maipfi aya mahulwane, kha zwine ra zwi vhidza Community Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM). 
Ndila dzine vha dzi shumisa kha u ita izwo dzi na mvelelo dza ndeme kha u tsireledza mupo, muvhuso wo khwathisa muvhuso, u khwathisa vhudi ha kutshilele, u fhungudza vhushai na u vhulunga biodaivesithi.  U mona na shango, dzimiḽioni dza vhathu zwa zwino vha a zwi divha zwauri hezwi zwithu zwi tea u swikelelwa ngauri lifhasi na zwithu zwine zwa tshila na u aluwa khalo zwo livhana na khaedu khulwane u bva tshifhinga tsha mi¥waha ya kalesa musi dzidinososi dzi tshi fhela. 
Bugu iyi yo fara dzi¥we dza tsivhudzo na ngeletshedzo, kha avho vhaofisiri vha muvhuso wa Afrika Tshipembe, vhashumi vha NGO na vhathu zwavho—vhane vha toda u edzisa u ita mushumo wa CBNRM. 







Vho -  Pam Yako 
Mulangi-Dzhenerala 
Muhasho wa zwa Mupo na Vhuendelamashango 


NGELETSHEDZO

Tshitori tsha vhathu, mupo, u tshila…. na fulufhelo kha vhumatshelo 
Kha khunzikhunzi dza Afrika Tshipembe, duvha li¥we na li¥we, tshigwada tsha vhafumakadzi tshi ya lwanzheni u kuvhanganya khumba dzi wanalaho matomboni. Vha tea u ita izwi uri vha kone u thogomela vhana vhavho. Kha madaka a henefho tsini vha nga pfa hu na u vundea ha matavhi a miri musi vhasadzi vha tshi khou rema miri uri vha ite maswielo uri vha kone u a rengisa zwitaratani zwa dorobo ya henefho tsini.  Musi vha tshi khou ita ngauralo, vhanna vhavho vha posela mambule madini a milamboni ine ya fhira nga henefho hune vha dzula hone.  Vhanna vha sia dzi¥we khovhe hayani ngeno vha tshi omisa idzo dzi¥we muliloni na vhutsi phanda ha musi vha tshi ya u dzi rengisa doroboni yeneyo nthihi. 
Hu si kule nga maanda, kha lwanzhe na kha magovhani a dzithavha ane a wanala hune vha dzula hone, vhatukana vha lisa kholomo dza vhokhotsi avho. Kha maduvha eneyo, vha tangana na ṅanga dzi bvaho kha vhupo honoho vha tshi khou kuvhanganya midzi, mishonga na makwati uri vha ite mishonga.  Kha ma¥we maduvha, vhalisa vha tangana na tshigwada tsha vhanna vho fara zwigidi…na saha dzi na tshaini.  Vho dela u rema khuni uri vha kone u dzi rengisela feme dza matanda dzine dza si vhe kule na doroboni.  Musi vhanna avho vha tshi khou rema miri, vha dovha hafhu vha zwima phukha dzine dza wanala dakani. Vha a dzi vhulaha vha dzi gotsha vha dzi la sa zwiliwa zwa tshiswitulo. Zwine zwa sala vha tuwa nazwo vha yo fha vha mita yavho hayani. 
Musi vhalisa vha tshi ya hayani, vha fhira matanda tsini na midi yavho. Miri ya daka u mona na midi yavho yothe yo remiwa kale vha tshi itela u fhata midi yavho kana u itela khuni dzine vha bika ngadzo zwiliwa zwavho.  Zwa zwino hu na miri ye ya tavhiwa tsini na hune vha dzula hone, fhethu he vhaofisiri vhane vha bva kha muhasho wa vhusimadaka vha tutuwedza vhathu uri vha tavhe miri hafhu u itela uri vha shumise yone u fhirisa u rema miri ya mupo.



DZINGELETSHEDZO 


Dzikhilomitha dza fumbili ntha ha bada, muvhuso wo ita vhugalaphukha.  Kha mi¥waha ya kale-kale vho ita darata na madennde avhudi vha fhata na fhethu ha u bammbela.  Vha disa dzithudwa na mbidi na phukha dza daka u itela uri fhethu afho hu kunge vhaendelamashango.  Vha¥we vhanna vha henefho vho gudiswa sa vhalindi vha phukha u itela uri vha kone u tsireledza phukha idzi… kha vhathannga vhane vha sera nga fhasi ha darata vha vhea zwilibane zwa u fasha phukha idzo.  Vhafumakadzi vha si gathi vho wana mishumo ya u shuma sa dziweitha kana vhakulumagi kha lodzhi ya vhaendelamashango. Vha do wana fhethu hu ngaho sa afha u mona na shango lothe la Afrika Tshipembe, fhethu hune, nga i¥we ndila, vhadzulapo vha ditika nga tshipida tsha shango, mavu, milambo, madamu, lwanzhe—na zwithu zwa daka zwine zwa dzula afho fhethu—uri vha kone u thogomela mita yavho na u kona u tshila. Fhethu hunzhi, nga maanda hune ha si vhe na mishumo minzhi, u kana na u shumiswa ha zwishumiswa zwa mupo ndi zwa ndeme nga maanda kha vhutshilo ha vhathu vha henefho u fhirisa u swikelela kha sekhitha dza ikonomi dza fomala. Kha vhathu avho mupo ndi wa ndeme u fhirisa migodi, kana dzifeme kana fhethu huhulu ha vhulimi musi zwi tshi da kha u lwa na vhushai. 
Tshi¥we tshifhinga vhadzulapo vha a tsireledza zwithu zwa dakani zwine zwa mela nga henefho tsini navho vha tshi khou itela uri vhane vha vhupo vha kone u zwi shumisa kha vhumatshelo havho.  Fhedzi mutsiko wa vhushai u a vha kombetshedza uri vha zwi kane na u shumisa vhunzhi na vhunzhi ha zwishumiswa zwa mupo, zwine zwa ita zwauri tshaka dza zwimela, khovhe, miri, phukha na zwi¥we zwithu zwi tshilaho zwi fhele kana zwi si tsha wanala na luthihi. 
Mazhendedzi a muvhuso, dziNGO na dzisekhitha dza phuraivete zwothe zwi khou thoma dzithandela—dzi fanaho na u tavha miri, vhugalaphukha, dzimbekanyamishumo dza “mveladzaphanda” u fuwa khovhe na dzi¥we nnzhi—u itela u vhulunga zwithu izwi ngeno vha tshi khou dovha vha dzhiela ntha uri vhathu vha tea u kona u zwi shumisa. 
DZINGELETSHEDZO

4
Ndi afho hune ngeletshedzo iyi ya dzhena hone.  Tshitori tshe vha tshi vhala afho ntha tshi sumbedza uri zwishumiswa zwa mupo ndi zwa ndeme u swika ngafhi kha vhathu vha Afrika Tshipembe, hu si nga ndila ya u tshila fhedzi, na u vha mutheo wa mvelele na lutendo, zwe ra fhiwa zwone nga vhadzimu vhashu hune rine, ra tea u zwi nekedza vhana vhashu. 
Kha masiatari a tevhelaho a bugu iyi vha do wana mafhungo a ndeme a uri zwitshavha, muvhuso, madzangano a mvelaphanda, vhalambedzi na vha¥we vhothe vha nga shumisa hani u itela uri ifa lashu la mupo li vhulungee u itela mirafho i tevhelaho. 
Vha nga vhala hafhu uri zwitshavha zwi nga kona hani u swikelela kha zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwine zwa ditika ngazwo, hu si na u fhelisa zwishumiswa izwi. Vha nga kona u shumisa hani zwishumiswa nga ndila yavhudi, mvelele, vhurereli na u dimvumvusa—u fhungudza vhushai na u fhata vhutshilo havhudi.  Hezwi ndi zwone zwine CBNRM ya amba nga hazwo.



















 DZINGELETSHEDZO 

 5
Nga ha ngeletshedzo idzi
Community Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) i khou itea kha la Afrika Tshipembe. Zwitshavha zwapo, mihasho ya muvhuso wapo, ya vundu, na ya muvhuso wa lushaka, madzangano a si a muvhuso (NGOs) na minwe mirado ine ya kwamea kha mvelaphanda, vhalambedzi, na sekhitha dza phuraivete vha a kwamea, nga i¥we ndila, kha u thoma dzimbekanyamishumo dza  
CBNRM.   A si vhothe vhane vha si vhone zwauri vha khou ita CBNRM, nahone a si vhothe vhane vha pfesesa uri mushumo wavho kha CBNRM ndi ufhio. 
Ndi ngazwo ho bveledzwa ngeletshedzo iyi.  U itela uri vhathu vhothe vha kwameaho nga dzimbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM vha vhe na kupfesesele ku fanaho uri mbekanyamushumo ya  CBNRM ndi mini, thodea dza thekhinikhala na dza matshimbidzele ndi dzifhio.  Hu u itela uri nga kupfesesele uku, thaidzo dza CBNRM dzi nga vhewa nga ndila yavhudi, na uri hu vhe na mvelaphanda khulwane. 
Ndivho dza ngeletshedzo 

Ngeletshedzo dzo itelwa u: 

Fha vhathu vhothe vha kwameaho kupfesesele kuthihi kwa CBNRM: 

!	CBNRM ndi mini
!	Ndivho ya CBNRM
!	Khaedu khulwane dza CBNRM
!	Milayo mihulwane ya CBNRM
!	Zwithu zwihulwane zwine zwa tea u dzhielwa ntha musi hu tshi thomiwa CBNRM 
! 	Mishumo na vhudifhinduleli ha vhathu vhothe vha no shela mulenzhe kha CBNRM. 

DZINGELETSHEDZO 

6 
U khwinisa tshumisano vhukati ha vhothe vha kwameaho: 
!	Zwitshavha zwapo na madzangano azwo
!	Muvhuso wapo, tshitiriki, vundu na wa lushaka
!	DziNGO na ma¥we madzangano a bvelaphanda
!	Vhatshimbidzi
!	Vhalambedzi
!	Sekhitha dza phuraivete.
U thusa vhathu u pfesesa mishumo na vhudifhinduleli ha mu¥we na mu¥we a kwameaho 

Ndi zwifhio zwine ngeletshedzo dza toda u swikelela zwone 
Nga kupfesesele kwo khwiniswaho kha mishumo ya vha kwameaho na matshimbidzele, zwitshavha na vha¥we vha kwameaho kha thandela ya CBNRM vha do kona u: 
!	Thoma thandela dza CBNRM
!	U langula na u pima thandela dza CBNRM kha vhuimo vhu¥we na vhu¥we u itela u lavhelesa na u guda zwi tshi bva kha vhukhakhi
!	U lavhelesa na u pima kushumele kwa vha kwameaho
!	Tshumisano vhukati havho na u shumisana nga ndila yavhudi
!	U tevhedza ‘milayo ya u difara’ yo bveledzwaho
!	U engedzedza khonadzeo ya u bvela phanda kha thandela ya CBNRM.










DZINGELETSHEDZO



7
Ngeletshedzo idzi ndi dza nnyi? 

Ngeletshedzo idzi dzo livhiswa kha u fha ngeletshedzo na thikhedzo kha muthu mu¥we na mu¥we ane a kwamea kha mbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM, hu tshi angaredzwa: 
!	Zwitshavha
!	DziNGO
!	Vhaofisiri vha muvhuso wapo, tshitiriki, vundu na vha lushaka kha sekhitha idzi:
    !	Vhulimi
    !	Ndangulo ya ifa la Mvelele
    !	Mvelephanda ya ikonomi
    !	Pfunzo
    !	Vhureakhovhe
    !	Vhusimadaka
    !	Mutakalo
    !	Migodi
    !	U tsireledza mupo
    !	Vhuendelamashango
    !	Ndangulo ya madi.
!	Vhalambedzi
!	Sekhitha dza phuraivete.


Ngeletshedzo idzi dzi do vha dza ndeme kha mu¥we na mu¥we ane a kwamea nga CBNRM, nga maanda avho vhane vha kwamea nga ‘mavu’—zwitshavha, vhatshimbidzi, vhaofisiri (vhashumi), na vhaiti vha dzipholisi. 





DZINGELETSHEDZO 

8 
Ngeletshedzo idzi dzi nga shumiswa hani
Vha nga shumisa ngeletshedzo idzi kha vhuimo vhu¥we na vhu¥we ha mbekanyamushumo ya CBNRM. Dzi do vha dza ndeme nga maanda kha vhuimo ha u thoma u pulana, fhedzi na musi vha tshi vho langula na u pima mbekanyamushumo. Ngeletshedzo idzi dzi do thusa kha u wana thaidzo musi dzi tshi bvelela, na u wana ndila ya u lulamisa dzithaidzo. 
Kha ngeletshedzo i¥we na i¥we kha bugu iyi, kha vha divhudzise mbudziso iyi, “Izwi ro zwi kwama naa kha mbekanyamushumo yashu? Arali phindulo i “HAI”, kha vha divhudzise arali vha tshi tea u zwi dzhenisa kha mbekanyamushumo yavho, na uri ndila ya khwine ya u zwi ita ndi ifhio. 

Hu na zwipida zwa sumbe zwa dzingeletshedzo: 
TSHIPIDA  TSHA 1 	ndi tsha u pfesesa CBNRM—Ndi mini, ndi nnyi a kwameaho, ndi zwifhio zwine mu¥we na mu¥we a tea u zwi ita, mbuelo ndi dzifhio.  Ndivho ya tshipida itshi ndi ya u fha mu¥we na mu¥we kupfesesele ku fanaho kwa CBNRM. 
TSHIPIDA TSHA 2 	tshi fha milayo ya u bvelela ha CBNRM.   Milayo iyi ndi yone khono ya u fhata mbekanyamushumo yavhudi ya CBNRM.  Mulayo mu¥we na mu¥we u na sethe ya ngeletshedzo. Mu¥we na mu¥we a kwameaho kha mbekanyamushumo u tea u pfesesa milayo iyi. 

TSHIPIDA TSHA 3 tshi fha dzi¥we dza dzikhaedu dza ndeme dzo livhanaho na mbekanyamushumo dza CBNRM. 
TSHIPIDA TSHA 4 	tshi na Ngeletshedzo dza u shuma dza fumi dza mu¥we na mu¥we.  Mu¥we na mu¥we a kwameaho kha mbekanyamushumo ya CBNRM u do wana zwauri ngeletshedzo idzi ndi dza ndeme. 
TSHIPIDA TSHA 5 	tshi na Ngeletshedzo dza fumithihi dza u shuma kha zwitshavha. Ngeletshedzo idzi dzo livhiswa kha mirado ya tshitshavha zwine zwa kwamea kha mbekanyamushumo ya CBNRM.  Dzi do dovha hafhu dza vha dza ndeme kha mu¥we na mu¥we. 														DZINGELETSHEDZO

TSHIPIDA  TSHA 6	tshi fha Ngeletshedzo dza fumithihi kha vhashumi.

TSHIPIDA  TSHA 7	tshi fha Ngeletsahedzo dza fumiraru dza u Shuma kha Vhaiti vha Dzipholisi.




Maitele a ‘ndangulo ya u edzisela’ 
Ngeletshedzo iyi i themendela maitele a “ndangulo ya u edzisela”. Hezwi zwi amba u vhea ndivho dzi re khagala na maga ane a tea u swikelelwa a musi hu tshi pulaniwa thandela.  Ngauralo, u lavhelesa zwavhudi na u pima dzithandela kha vhuimo vhu¥we na vhu¥we, vha tshi khou sedza zwauri vha khou swikelela ndivho idzo. Arali vha sa ita ngauralo, vha ite dzitshanduko na dzindulamiso kha pulane yavho u itela u vhona zwauri vha kha ndila yone.  Vha guda musi vha tshi khou bvela phanda, vha tshi khou khwinifhadza hune vha vhona zwi tshi todea.
Kha tshipida tsha u pulana kha vha ite zwauri vha vhe na ndivho dza thandela yavho—dzine vha toda u dzi swikelela.  Vha tea u fhindula hei: 
“Naa pulane yashu i angaredza tshi¥we na tshi¥we tshine tsha vha na ndeme kha thandela naa?” 
Kha vhuimo ha u thoma u shuma, musi vho no thoma nga ha thandela, kha vha sedzuluse mvelaphanda nga vhulenda. Arali vha wana zwauri hu na zwikhala zwi songo tevhedzwaho kha thandela, kana zwithu zwine vha nga zwi ita nga ndila yavhudi, vha tea u fhindula mbudziso heyi:
"Ri nga khwinisa hani thandela yashu u itela uri i kone u swikelela ndivho idzi?" 

Musi hu na thaidzo kha thandela, kha vha divhudzise mbudziso heyi: 
"Ri nga ita mini u tandulula thaidzo iyi?" 
Nga iyi ndila, vha tshintsha thandela yavho musi vha tshi khou bvela phanda, vha tshi khou vhona uri i khou shuma nga ndila ye ya itelwa yone. 


DZINGELETSHEDZO 



TSHIPIDA TSHA 1
NAA CBNRM NDI MINI?

CBNRM ndi nga ha vhathu na vhupo honoho vhane vha vha kuvhangana uri vha tsireledze vhupo havho, madi, zwipuka na zwimela, u itela uri vha kone u shumisa zwishumiswa izwi zwa mupo kha u khwinisa vhutshilo havho na vhutshilo ha vhana vhavho na ha vhaduhulu.   Ndi ndila ya u ita uri murado mu¥we na mu¥we wa tshitshavha a vhe na zwine a ita zwone kha u khwinisa vhuimo ha kutshilele kwa vhathu 

Naa CBNRM ndi mini? 	11







Vhathu vhane vha dzula vhothe kha vhupo vha  thogomela zwithu zwa mupo zwine zwa wanala kha vhupo havho.—

kha zwa ikonomi, mvelele na vhurereli.
CBNRM ndi ndila ya uri zwitshavha zwi shume zwothe kha u tsireledza zwishumiswa zwavho zwa mupo, na u ita uri hu vhe na mbuelo dza tshifhinga tshilapfu kha tshitshavha. CBNRM yo bvelaho phanda i nga bveledza mbuelo dzo fhambanaho. Sa tsumbo i nga:
! 	Ita uri vhathu vha swikelele zwishumiswa
! 	U khwinisa vhulimi na u bveledza zwiliwa
! 	U sika mishumo
! 	U fhata mabindu matuku
! 	U ita uri hu vhe na pfunzo na vhugudisi
! 	U fhata madzangano kha zwitshavha
! 	U khwinisa mutakalo kha tshitshavha
! 	U vhulunga na u alusa mvelele na vhurereli

miri, mavu na zwimela— 
uri vha kone u vhuelwa nga zwithu izwo nga ndila ine vhana vhavho vha do diphina na u shumisa zwishumiswa izwo kha vhumatshelo havho.






DZINGELETSHEDZO 

 Naa CBNRM zwi amba mini? 
U livhiswa kha tshitshavha:  Vhathu vha vhupo honoho (tshitshavha) vha a tangana uri vha ite tsheo yavhudi ya u tsireledza mupo wavho na u shumiswa ha zwishumiswa zwa mupo kha shango lavho.  Mirado minzhi ya tshitshavha i nga shela mulenzhe na u kovhekana mbuelo. Vha tshi khou shumisa ndivho ya vhupo honoho, vha bveledza thandela dza u tsireledza vhupo, madi, zwimela na zwipuka.  Vhothe vha pfana kha uri vha nga shumisa hani izwi zwithu nga ndila ine ya do bveledza mbuelo kha tshitshavha, zwino na matshelo.  Tshithu tsha ndeme nga CBNRM ndi tsha uri i ita uri mirado ya tshitshavha i shele mulenzhe kha u ita tsheo dza ndeme.  I dovha hafhu ya sumbedza uri tsheo dzi nga shumiswa hani na dzithandela na u ita uri hu vhe na tshumelo ya tshiphorofeshinala na ndila dza u tandulula hune dza todea hone.
Zwishumiswa zwa Mupo: .Zwishumiswa zwa mupo ndi shango, mavu, madi, muya, zwimela na zwipuka.  Hezwi zwithu ndi lupfumo lwa mupo kha tshitshavha.  Vhutshilo ha tshitshavha ho ditika nga u tsireledza zwishumiswa zwa mupo na u zwi shumisa zwavhudi.  Arali zwi songo vhulungwa zwavhudi mirafho i tevhelaho i do wana hu si na tshithu.
Ndangulo:  Vhathu vha vhupo honoho vha shumisa dzangano lo livhiswaho kha tshitshavha line la vha hone (CBO) kana vha vhumba liswa uri vha vhumbe pulane dza u thivhela zwishumiswa zwa mupo wavho na u dzi shumisa zwavhudi.  Dzangano li shumela uri li wane thikedzo nga tshitshavha—mahothi alo o vulelwa mu¥we na mu¥we ane a toda u shela mulenzhe.  Tshitshavha tshi dzhiela ntha dzangano sa murado u re mulayoni line la vha imelela na line vha nga kona u shuma nalo.
Kha madzangano, tshitshavha tshi a pfana nga ndivho na milayo i fanaho ine mu¥we na mu¥we a tea u i tevhedza. Vha disa thuso i bvaho nnda, ho teaho, i bvaho kha muvhuso, madzangano a mvelaphanda u fana na dziNGO na vhalambedzi. Hune ha vha na dzithaidzo kha thandela, vha guda nga vhukhakhi havho, vha khwinisa nga ndila yo teaho u itela uri thandela i kone u bvela phanda.  Vha fhata tshumisano na zwi¥we zwitshavha na muthu mu¥we na mu¥we. Vha alusa ndivho yavho na vhutsila ha u langula na u bveledza zwishumiswa na zwitshavha zwavho. 																												DZINGELETSHEDZO 

Tshaka dzo fhambanaho dza dzithandela dza CBNRM:

1.  Dzithandela dzine dza ita uri zwitshavha zwa mahayani zwi wane ndila ya u tshila,  sa tsumbo: dzithandela dza u ita uri hu vhe na ndila dza khwine dza vhulimi, kana dzithandela dza u fhata mabindu matuku uri vhathu vha si tou ditika fhedzi nga vhulimi kana vhusimadaka kana vhureakhovhe. 

2. Dzithandela dzine dza thusa zwitshavha kha u shumisa zwishumiswa zwavho zwa mupo zwavhudi, zwi ngaho sa u fhungudza kha kushumisele kwa zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwine zwa sa wanalee zwavhudi u fana na khovhe kana mitshelo, u itela uri zwithu izwi zwi si shumiswe nga ndila yo kalulaho.

3. Dzithandela dzine dza thusa zwitshavha uri zwi vhuelwe nga zwishumiswa zwa mupo ngeno vha songo zwi shumisa, u fana na thandela dza vhuendelamashango (vhaendelamashango vha a badela u dalela madaka a henefho fhethu, sa tsumbo, ngauralo a hu na thodea ya uri hu remiwe miri hu u itela uri vhathu vha kone u tshila). 

4. Dzithandela dzine dza dzhenisa tshitshavha kha tshumisano na Bodo dza Dziphaka kana ma¥we madzangano ane a kwamea kha u tsireledza mupo, 	hune tshitshavha tsha vha na mavu na pfanelo dza u shumisa mavu ayo, tsha kona u wana mbuelo nga u shumisana na madzangano aya. Tsumbo ya lushaka ulu lwa thandela ndi pfano ye Tshitshavha tsha Makuleke tsha i ita na Kruger National Park. 

5.	Dzithandela dzine dza disa vhutsila kha tshitshavha uri tshi kone u langula zwishumiswa zwatsho nga ndila ya khwine. 

6.	Dzithandela dzine dza ita uri hu vhe na u shumisa mavu na zwishumiswa zwine zwitshavha zwa nga zwi shumisa tshothe kha mvelele, vhurereli na kha ndivho ya u dimvumvusa, hu tshi angaredzwa na u kona u tshila. 																																																																									DZINGELETSHEDZO 

14         Ndivho khulwane dza CBNRM ndi dzifhio? 

CBNRM i na ndivho tharu khulwane: 
1.  U khwinisa vhutshilo na tshiimo tsha vhutshilo ha vhathu vha henefho, na u thusa u fhungudza vhushai. 
2. 	U shumisa zwavhudi na u vhulunga zwishumiswa zwa mupo na ekhosisiteme. 
3. U thusa zwitshavha zwa mahayani uri zwi diitele
tsheo nga ndila yavhudi ya u shumisa zwishumiswa
 zwa mupo. 


Ndi nnyi a Kwameaho nga CBNRM? 
Mbekanyamishumo nnzhi dza CBNRM dzi kwama madzangano o fhambanaho na muthu mu¥we na vhathu vhane vha shumisana. Havha ndi vhone vhane vha shuma—vhathu vhane vha vha na mushumo na vhudifhinduleli kha mbekanyamushumo.  Vha angaredza: 
Zwitshavha— Havha ndi vhone vhashumi vha ndeme. Kanzhi tshitshavha tshi imelelwa nga dzangano line la vha hone nga tshifhinga tshenetsho— sa tsumbo, Community-Based Organisation (CBO) u fana na Development Trust kana dzangano line la zwi shumisa.   Tshi¥we tshifhinga zwitshavha zwi vhumba madzangano maswa uri a langule mbekanyamushumo dzazwo dza CBNRM. 
Vhatshimbidzi— Vhatshimbidzi ndi vhathu vhane vha thusa zwitshavha uri zwi vhumbe na u langula thandela na u shumisana na vhothe na tshitshavha u swika tshitshavha tshi si tsha toda thusa yavho.  Kanzhi vhatshimbidzi ndi dziNGO, dzikhosalithente (vhathu vha re na zwikili zwa tshipentshela na ndivho), kana vhaofisiri vha muvhuso vhane mushumo wavho ndi ‘u tshimbidza thandela dza zwitshavha’, ‘u bveledza tshitshavha’, kana ‘tshumelo ya lushaka’.  Tshi¥we tshifhinga mihasho ya yunivesithi kana zwiimiswa zwa u ita thodisiso zwi nga vha vhatshimbidzi.


Vhushaka ha u shumisana na Sekhitha dza Phuraivete— Avha ndi vhoramabindu vha phuraivete. Vha anzela, sa tsumbo, u dzhenelela kha vhuendelamashango kana maitele a miri ya u ilafha.  Vha disa bindu na ndivho ya thekhinikhala, na zwishumiswa zwa masheleni.
Muvhuso Wapo na Masipala wa Tshitiriki— Iyi ndi mirado ya muvhuso ine ya vha tsinisa na tshitshavha nahone i na vhudifhinduleli ha u tevhedza dzipholisi dza muvhuso dza zwishumiswa zwa mupo, kha mvelaphanda ya ikonomi ya henefho na kha u fhungudza vhushai mahayani. 
Mihasho ya Vundu na ya Muvhuso wa Vhukati— Vhadzulapo vha anzela u kwama mihasho ya vundu kana ya vhukati uri i thuse tshitshavha kha u thoma mbekanyamushumo ya CBNRM.  Tshi¥we tshifhinga mihasho i tou ya kha zwitshavha zwa mahayani ya zwi thusa uri zwi thome mbekanyamushumo ya CBNRM. Vha dovha hafhu vha vhea milayo ya ndangulo i bvelaho phanda ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo. 
Mazhendedzi a u Lambedza— Aya a anzela u vha madzangano a lifhasi ane a toda u thusa zwitshavha zwa mahayani uri zwi kone u thogomela zwishumiswa zwa mupo na u bveledza mishumo. 





















DZINGELETSHEDZO 

 Vhushaka ha u shumisana ndi mini?
Thandela nnzhi dza CBNRM dzi kwama vhushaka ha u shumisana. Vhushaka ha u shumisana ndi pfano vhukati ha madzangano o fhambanaho na muthu mu¥we na mu¥we uri vha shume vhothe kha thandela.  Vhashumisana vha na ndivho dzi fanaho.  Mishumo ya mushumisani mu¥we na mu¥we i andaniwa khayo phanda ha musi thandela i tshi thoma.  Vhashumisani vhothe vha a pfana uri vha tevhedze milayo i fanaho nahone arali hu na thaidzo kha thandela, vhashumisani vha thandulula thaidzo idzo vhothe u itela uri thandela i bvelele.

Thandela dza CBNRM dzi nga angaredza vhushaka ha u shumisana vhukati ha:

!    Zwitshavha zwa vhahura 	zwine zwa shumisa zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwithihi—madaka, madi, pfulo, hatsi ha u fulela, na zwi¥we.
!  	Mabindu a zwitshavha na sekitha ya phuraivete—nga maanda kha u alusa mabindu a vhuendelamashango.
!   	Mihasho yo fhambanaho ya muvhuso 	ine ya vha kha zwishumiswa zwo fhambanaho—sa tsumbo mavu na madi, kana madaka na zwishumiswa zwa madini.
!   	Zwitshavha, madzangano a mveledziso a ngaho sa dziNGO, na mihasho ya muvhuso— DziNGO dzi anzela u vha vhathu vhane vha shuma na zwitshavha vho imela mihasho ya muvhuso kana vhalambedzi.

!   	Zwitshavha, mabindu a sekitha dza phuraivete na mihasho ya muvhuso— hune zwitshavha zwa vha na pfanelo dza u shumisa zwishumiswa zwa mupo, muvhuso u na vhune ha zwishumiswa , vhothe vha dzhena kha tshumisano na mabindu a phuraivete hu u itela uri tshitshavha tshi vhuelwe na zwishumiswa zwa muvhuso.


DZINGELETSHEDZO 

CBNRM i nga ita mini kha tshitshavha? 
U thogomela zwishumiswa zwa mupo ndi tshipida tsha ndeme nga maanda tsha CBNRM— ngauri arali hu si na zwishumiswa zwa mupo, vhathu vha nga si kone u tshila.  Hetshi tshi tou vha tshi¥we tsha zwipida zwine CBNRM ya ita zwone.  CBNRM i nga kona hafhu u ita uri hu vhe na zwi¥we zwithu zwavhudi zwinzhi kha tshitshavha.  Zwi¥we zwazwo khezwi: 
Thandela dza u Vhulunga mupo— Zwitshavha zwi nga kona u hirisa tshipida tsha shango lavho tsha vhupo ha vhahura ho tsireledzeaho—u fana na vhugalaphuka. Tshitshavha tshi do wana mbuelo nga u ita hezwi. Hu do dovha hafhu ha vha na mishumo ine ya do bveledzwa kha u thusa u langula na u tsireledza vhupo (vhatsireledzi vha vhugalaphukha, vhalindi, na vha¥we). 
Zwi¥we zwitshavha zwo no bvela phanda, zwo no thoma vhufuwaphukha havho na vhuendelamashango kha shango lazwo. 
Thandela dza Vhusimadaka— Participatory Forest Management (PFM) ndi ndila ya u tsireledza daka ine ya ita uri vhathu vha vhupo honoho vha kone u langula uri daka li shumiswa hani. Vhathu vha vhupo honoho vha nga ita khumbelo ya thendelo ya u kana zwi¥we zwishumiswa zwa mupo (mishonga, midzi, makwati, matanda, na zwi¥we) zwi tshi bva dakani. 
Thandela dza Vhulimi— Zwigwada zwa vhathu zwi nga vhumba koporasi. Kha koporasi, mirado i shuma yothe kha u lima na u rengisa zwibveledzwa zwa vhulimi kana zwifuwo kha shango la tshitshavha. Thuso ya muvhuso i hone – sa tsumbo, vhugudisi vhu nga nekedzwa kha zwithu zwi ngaho sa u thivhela mukumbululo wa mavu, u khwinisa fhethu ha pfulo na u khwinisa zwifuwo. 
Zwitshavha zwe zwa wina murahu shango lazwo nga kha mbilo ya mavu zwi anzela u toda thuso ya u shumisa mavu zwavhudi nahone nga ndila i no vhuedza.  CBNRM i nga ndila yavhudi ya u thoma, tenda ha vha na vhugudisi havhudi nga ndila dzavhudi dza vhulimi na dzi¥we ndila dza u shumisa mavu na zwishumiswa.  I nga thusa hafhu vhathu uri vha wane zwikili zwa u wana mimakete ya zwibveledzwa zwavho na tshumelo.
Thandela dza Vhuendelamashango— Zwitshavha zwapo zwi nga dzhenelela kha tshumisano kana kha lu¥we lushaka lwa tshumisano na vhatshimbidzi vha vhuendelamashango. Zwitshavha zwi nga hirisa tshipida tsha mavu avho kha khamphani ya phuraivete.  Khampani i na vhudifhinduleli kha fhethu ha bindu na pfano, nahone tshitshavha tshi thogomela zwishumiswa zwa mupo na ndangulo ya fhethu. Hu na muholo na mishumo ya tshitshavha. 
Thandela dza Madi— Zwitshavha zwi nga vha tshipida tsha Catchment Management Agencies, tshipida tsha Water Users Associations  kana vha vhumba Catchment Management Forums. Hezwi zwi toda thuso i bvaho kha mihasho ya muvhuso i fanaho na Muhasho wa zwa Madi na Vhusimadaka (Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (DWAF)) na Mimasipala ya Tshitiriki. 
U Bveledza Mabindu Matuku— CBNRM i nga thusa u thoma mabindu matuku na u vhea ndila ntswa dza u wana tshelede, dzo livhiswaho kha u shumisa zwishumiswa zwa mupo nga ndila yavhudi. 
U Fhata Madzangano Henefho— Zwitshavha zwi nga wana ndivho na vhutsila ha u thoma na u tshimbidza madzangano azwo kha u pulana na u langula dzithandela. Nga kha madzangano aya vha nga ita zwauri vha vha vhe na ndangulo ya mvelaphanda kha tshitshavha tshavho.
U Khwinisa Mutakalo— Dzimbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM dzi nga vha na mushumo une dza ita wone kha u khwinisa mutakalo wothe wa tshitshavha.  Ndila dza vhulimi ha khwine na ndangulo ya zwipuka na vhureakhovhe zwi nga bveledza zwiliwa zwinzhi zwa mutakalo wavhudi.  Mabindu matuku ane a khou tshimbidzwa zwavhudi a nga engedzedza muholo kha mita na u i thusa uri i kone u kondelela mbadelo dzi re ntha dza madwadze a fanaho na HIV/AIDS.  Ndangulo yavhudi ya madaka i nga thusa u nekedza miri ya mishonga ine ya do fhelisa madwadze, thanda dza u ita dzikhofini na khuni dzine dza shumiswa dzimpfuni kha tshivhalo tshi re ntha tsha mpfu dzi vhangwaho nga AIDS. Madzangano ane a thoma mbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM a nga thusa uri hu vhe na thuso ya zwa mutakalo ine ya wanala kha muvhuso na vha¥we vhashumisani.  CBNRM i nga si fhelise vhulwadze, fhedzi i nga khwinisa vhutshilo ha tshitshavha na u thusa uri tshi kone u kondelela zwine zwa nga bveledzwa nga vhulwadze. 
19
U ita uri hu vhe na Khonadzeo ya Pfunzo na Vhugudisi — Vhaaluwa vha kwameaho kha mbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM tshifhinga tshinzhi vha toda vhugudisi uri vha khwinise zwikili zwa u vhala, u ¥wala na dzinomboro. Tshikoloni, CBNRM i nga dzheniswa kha khoso dza zwa vhutsila ha kutshilele, metse, bailodzhi na saintsi. Vhagudiswa vhane vha kha di vha tshikoloni vha nga ita mushumo muhulwane kha mbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM nga u kuvhanganya mafhungo na u thusa u lavhelesa dzithandela u vhona arali vha tshi khou swikelela ndivho. Zwikolo zwa mahayani na vhadededzi vha a shumisana zwavhudi kha CBNRM—vha nga ita uri vha kone u vha na mitangano na dziwekishopo, dzifounu na dzifekisi, zwine zwa ita zwauri vha vhuelwe kha u vhala, u ¥wala na vhutsila ha dzimbalo. 
Uri vhasadzi na Vhathu vha shayaho vha vhe na vhupfiwa— Maipfi a vhasadzi, vhaswa, vhashai vha vhashai, na vhathu vho kundelwaho a vha pfiwi kha zwitshavha. CBNRM i ita uri mirado iyi yo “fhumulaho” ya tshitshavha vha kone u pfiwa.  Hezwi zwi itwa ngauri CBNRM i ramba vhathu vhothe kha tshitshavha uri vha shele mulenzhe. Na uri thandela dza CBNRM dzi anzela u livhiswa kha mirado i shaesaho nahone ine ya si dzhielwe ntha kha tshitshavha—avho vhane vha vha na thodea nnzhisa.
U shumisana na muvhuso wapo 
Mimasipala yothe i na Integrated Development Plans (dziIDP)—pulane dza u bveledza vhupo ha henefho. DziIDP idzi dzi livhiswa kha: 
!   U fhungudza vhushai 
!  U thoma fhethu hune ha do bveledza ikonomi ya tshifhinga tshilapfu na u khwinisa kutshilele 
!   U tsireledza zwishumiswa zwa mupo. 
Idzi ndi ndivho dzi fanaho na dza CBNRM.  Nga u shumisana na Khoro dzapo na dza tshitiriki, mbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM ndi tshipida tsha IDP yapo na u vhuelwa u bva kha thuso ine muvhuso wapo, wa vundu na wa lushaka ya nga fha yone. 




CBNRM u mona na lifhasi
CBNRM a i khou bvelela fhedzi kha la Afrika Tshipembe. Musi hu na u bvelela zwavhudi kha thandela dza CBNRM kha la Afrika Tshipembe, dzi fanaho na pfano ya tshitshavha tsha Makuleke na Kruger National Park, kha mashango a vhahura, hu tshi angaredzwa zwipida zwa lifhasi, zwitshavha zwi dovha hafhu zwa thusana uri zwi vhulunge zwishumiswa zwa mupo nga ndila yavhudi, hu tshi khou itelwa uri mu¥we na mu¥we a vhuelwe.  Ndivho i fanaho hu¥we na hu¥we a si ya u fhungudza vhushai fhedzi—naho zwi zwa ndeme.  Dzithandela u mona na lifhasi dzi dovha dza kwamea nga zwa vhurereli ha vhathu na zwithu zwa ndeme kha mvelele na kutshilele, hu na vhutshilo havhudi.  Vhathu vha khou wana zwauri CBNRM i nga shuma nahone i nga bveledza mbuelo dza vhukuma. 
Muvhuso washu wo saina pfano dza ndeme ya lifhasi nga ha u tsireledza zwishumiswa zwa mupo na u fhungudza vhushai.  Vha nga wana pfano idzi kha International Agreements, na kha Milayo na Dzipholisi dza Afrika Tshipembe nga ha u tsireledzwa ha zwishumiswa zwa mupo na u fhungudza vhushai kha CD ya ngeletshedzo idzi kana vha nga zwi wana kha Muhasho wa zwa Mupo na Vhuendelamashango.



















DZINGELETSHEDZO 

M																																																												Milayo ya sumbe ya ndeme	    21
TSHIPIDA TSHA 2 
MILAYO YA SUMBE YA NDEME NA NGELETSHEDZO 


Kha khethekanyo iyi, ri do sedza milayo ya sumbe ya ndeme yo teaho kha u bveledza mbekanyamushumo ya CBNRM.   Kha mulayo mu¥we na mu¥we hu na sethe ya ngeletshedzo dza u thusa u itela uri mulayo u wo fhatelwa kha mbekanyamushumo yavho: 
Mulayo wa 1 	Ndila dzo fhambanaho dza u kona u tshila dzi a tevhedzwa, u fhungudza khonadzeao ya u tshinyadzwa ha mupo na ikonomi.
Mulayo wa 2 	Vhubvo ha zwishumiswa zwa mupo hu a vhulungwa na u khwiniswa u itela uri zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwi nga bvela phanda na u fha vhutshilo vhathu zwa zwino na matshelo. 
Mulayo wa 3 	Madzangano apo, hu tshi angaredzwa na muvhuso wapo na madzangano a tshitshavha, a a shumisana zwavhudi kha u langula zwishumiswa zwa henefho hu u itela uri vhathu vha henefho  na mupo zwi vhuelwe. 

Mulayo wa 4	Vhathu vha wana mbuelo—ikonomi, matshilele, mvelele na vhurereli—zwi tshi bva kha u langula zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwavhudi.
Mulayo wa 5 	 Hu na pholisi dzavhudi na milayo nahone zwi khou shumiswa, hune zwa konadzea, nga madzangano a vhadzulapo a vhukuma na vhaimeleli.
Mulayo wa 6 	Thuso i bvaho nnda i a wanala ya u tshimbidza thandela dza henefho. Ndivho ya vhathu vha henefho na tshenzhemo zwi a thonifhiwa. 
Mulayo wa 7 	Hu na u pfesesana havhudi kha vharangaphanda vha vhupo nahone vharangaphanda vha tikedza tshothe thandela.
 NGELETSHEDZO DZA MULAYO WA 1 
Ndila dzo fhambaho dza u kona u tshila dzi a tevhedzwa, u fhungudza khonadzeo ya u tshinyadzwa ha mupo na ikonomi
1. 	U sia tshikhala tsha ndila dzo fhambanaho dza u kona u tshila. Vhunzhi ha midi ya mahayani i shumisa ndila dzo fhamabanaho dza u kona u tshila. Hezwi zwi vha tsireledza kha khombo—arali vha tutshelwa nga tshishumiswa tshithihi tsha u wana muholo, vha nga ditika nga zwi¥we zwishumiswa. Vhathu a vho ngo tea u ditika fhedzi nga thandela dza lushaka lwa CBNRM uri vha kone u tshila.
2. 	Kha vha elelwe zwauri a si muthu mu¥we na mu¥we ane a vhona zwishumiswa zwa mupo nga ndila i fanaho. Kha vha¥we vhathu, zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwi amba tshelede na muholo. Vha¥we vhathu vha vhona zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwi mvelele na divhazwakale. A si muthu mu¥we na mu¥we ane a do shumisa ndila ya u tsireledza mupo kha zwishumiswa zwa mupo. Vhathu vho fhambanaho vha na zwithu zwo fhambanaho zwine vha zwi dzhiela ntha.

3. 	U tutuwedza vhathu vhane vha vha na vhutsila ho fhambanaho uri vha shele mulenzhe, kha vha shumise tshaka dzo fhambanaho dza ndivho na zwikili. Madzangano a kha vhupo ane a kwamea kha CBNRM a tea u imelela zwigwada zwothe kha tshitshavha. 


DZINGELETSHEDZO

Vhathu vha bvelaphanda u ita zwauri vha kone u tshila nga ndila dzo fhambanaho. Sa tsumbo, vha lima zwiliwa, vha fuwa zwifuwo, vha rengisa makumba, vha vhada zwivhadwa, vha hira vhashumi, vha kuvhanganya mishonga, vha hada hatsi ha u fulela, na zwiliwa zwi bvaho lwanzheni, na u nekedza tshumelo ya vhuendelmashango. Vhathu a vha ditiki fhedzi nga thandela CBNRM uri vha kone u tshila. 

 Milayo ya sumbe ya nde			23

4.   Ndivho ya sialala na mvelele dzo fhambanaho ndi zwa ndeme. Zwitshavha zwashu zwi na vhathu vha bvaho kha mvelele dzo fhambanaho, vhe vha ita zwithu nga ndila dzo fhambanaho. Mvelele i¥we na i¥we i na ndivho ya ndeme na vhutsila vhune ya nga nekedza hone.  Phambano dzi kha zwivhuya, hu si zwi si zwavhudi—vha nga engedzedza u itela uri thandela i bvele phanda. 




Vha songo...

! 	Dzhia thandela dzine dza do fhungudza tshivhalo tsha ndila dzine dza vha hone kha vhathu dza u kona u tshila. 
! 	Dzhiela fhasi mvelele dzo fhambanaho kha tshitshavha. Vha nga humbula zwauri izwi zwi do ita uri ndangulo i leluwe, ngeno zwi tshi livhisa kha uri hu vhe na vhuleme vhunzhi. 


















DZINGELETSHEDZO 

24 

NGELETSHEDZO DZA MULAYO WA 2 
Vhubvo ha zwishumiswa zwa mupo hu a vhulungwa na u khwiniswa u itela uri zwishumiswa zwa mupo  zwi bvele phanda na u fha vhutshilo vhathu zwa zwino na matshelo 


1. 	Kha vha ite zwauri zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwi shumiswe kha u wana tshelede kana dzi¥we mbuelo. Kha vha ite uri vhathu vha pfesese ndeme ya kheshe kha zwishumiswa na zwine dzi¥we mbuelo dzine dza nga wanala kha u shumiswa zwavhudi ha zwishumiswa.

2. 	Kha vha tsirelede zwishumiswa zwa mupo. Zwa vhuya zwa fhela a hu tsha do vha na CBNRM. Kha vha vhee milayo ya uri ndi nnyi ane a do kana zwishumiswa, ngafhi nahone ndi lini hune vha nga ita ngauralo na uri ndi zwishumiswa zwingana zwine vha nga zwi dzhia. Kha vha vhee mulifho kha avho vhane vha pfuka milayo, na ndila ya vhudifari dzine mu¥we na mu¥we a nga tikedza.

3. 	Kha vha bveledze ndangulo i pfalaho ya zwishumiswa. Kha vha thome pulane i re khagala ya u tsireledza na u shumisa zwishumiswa zwa mupo.  I tea u vha pulane i pfalaho ine ya nga shuma, u si mutevhe wa zwithu zwine zwa khou sokou humbulelwa. Kha vha shumise ndivho na kupfesesele kwa vhathu vha henefho kha zwishumiswa, hu tshi angaredzwa na ndivho na tshenzhemo ya vhashumisani sa dziNGO na vhaofisi vha muvhuso.
Ndangulo yavhudi zwi amba zwauri hu na zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwinzhi zwavhudi.  Hu na zwimela zwinzhi zwine zwa mela kha matombo, fhethu hune ha vha na hatsi, zwimela na zwimela zwa ndeme zwine zwa mela madakani, hu na zwipuka zwa daka zwinzhi.
Milayo ya sumbe ya ndeme

4.  Kha vha vhone zwauri zwishumiswa zwa mupo a zwi khou shumiseswa. Tshifhinga tshothe hu tea u vha na u sedza zwavhudi uri zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwi kha tshiimo tshavhudi nahone a zwi khou shumiseswa. Hezwi zwi vhidzwa u pfi ndi u langula.  Vhathu vhane vha shumisa zwishumiswa, hu tshi angaredzwa na vha¥we kha tshitshavha vha tea u dzhenelela kha u ita tsheo ya uri ndangulo iyo vha do i itisa hani, na ndangulo yone ine. Vha songo lavhelela uri vhathu vha do tevhedza milayo arali vha songo shela mulenzhe kha u i ita. Pulane ya mbekanyamushumo yavho i tea u angaredza sisiteme ya ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo u vhona zwauri zwo tsireledzwa zwavhudi. 

5.  Kha vha tevhedze ndila ya ndangulo ya u edzisela.  Kha vha vhee ndivho, vha langule vhuimo ha zwishumiswa zwa mupo na u ita tsheo nga ha nyito arali hu na tswayo dza u sumbedza thaidzo. 

6.   Kha vha vhulunge tshipida tsho teaho tsha mbuelo i¥we na i¥we i bvaho kha thandela kha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo vha vhulunge vhubvo ha zwishumiswa. 

7.   Kha vha gudise vhathu u langula zwishumiswa zwa mupo. Kha vha gudise vhagudisi vho teaho, uri vha kone u vha na vhudifhinduleli kha u langula zwishumiswa zwa mupo. 
Vha songo...
! 	Humbulela uri mbuelo dzi bvaho kha zwishumiswa zwa mupo dzi do ita uri vhathu vha langule na u shumisa zwavhudi zwishumiswa zwavho—vha tea u zwi shumela. Hezwi ndi zwone zwine mbekanyamushumo ya CBNRM ya vha zwone! 
! 	Fhulufhela zwauri CBNRM zwi amba u sa tevhedza mulayo. Milayo i tea u vhewa na tevhedzwa. Hu tea u vha na mulifho kha vhathu vhane vha si tevhedze milayo.
! 	Lindela uri tshi¥we na tshi¥we tshi vhe tshavhudi vha saathu u thoma u ita tshithu—izwo a zwi nga do itea. Hu anzela u vha na dzikhombo kha thandela i¥we na i¥we—kha vha edzise u fhungudza khombo nga u pulana na ndangulo yavhudi. 

26 

NGELETSHEDZO DZA MULAYO WA 3 
Madzangano apo, hu tshi angaredzwa muvhuso wapo na madzangano apo, a shuma zwavhudi kha u langula zwishumiswa zwa mupo u itela uri vhathu vhapo vha vhuelwe na mupo


1. 	U fhata madzangano a vhupo uho. Mbekanyamushumo i tea u langulwa nga tshiimiswa tsha kha vhupo kana dzangano, line la vha na vhudifhinduleli kha ndangulo na u dzhia tsheo. Li nga vha dzangano line la vha hone kana vha thoma dzangano liswa arali hu si na lo teaho, line la khou shuma zwavhudi

2. 	Kha vha ite zwauri mu¥we na mu¥we u a divha zwine vha tea u ita zwone kha dzangano, na vhudifhinduleli havho. Kha vha fare mitangano tshifhinga tshothe u itela uri mu¥we na mu¥we a divhe zwauri u do ita mini kha thandela, nahone u khou ita zwe vha pfana u ita zwone. Kha vha ¥wale mulayotewa, une wa sumbedza mishumo na vhudifhinduleli ha mirado ya dzangano.

3. 	Vhaimeleli vha tea u imelela zwigwada kha tshitshavha. Vhaimeleli vha tea u kwamana na u vhiga murahu kha zwigwada zwine vha khou imelela zwone. Tshifhinga

DZINGELETSHEDZO


Ndangulo yapo ya dzangano i shuma zwavhudi na u dzhiela vhudifhinduleli hayo ntha. Li shumisana na mirado ya tshitshavha na vhashumisani vha u itela zwauri mbekanyamushumo ya CBNRM  i dise mbuelo kha vhathu na u tsireledza zwishumiswa zwa mupo

Milayo ya sumbe ya ndeme	27

tshi tea u vhetshelwa thungo tsha u kwamana uho na u vhiga murahu.  U imelela tshigwada zwi amba zwauri vha vha vho imela tshigwada, hu si vhone vhane. 
4.  	Kha vha vhone zwauri hu na murangaphanda na tshigwada tshine tsha khou shuma kha mushumo mu¥we na mu¥we muhulwane kana sia la vhudifhinduleli. 
Vharangaphanda vha tea u vha vhafhenyi—vhathu vhane vha vha na nungo, mafulufulu, tshifhinga na zwikili zwa u isa mbekanyamushumo phanda.  Kha vha wane na u tikedza vhafhenyi vhaswa na u thogomela vhane vha hone. Vhathu vhane vha dzhia mushumo wa vhurangaphanda vha tea u vha na tshifhinga tsha u shuma mishumo yavho zwavhudi. 

5.   Kha vha sedzese nga maanda vhathu vha shayaho kha tshitshavha. Kha vha edzise u swikelela thodea na u tsiereledzea ha tshifhinga tshilapfu ha vhathu vha shayaho—hu na avho vhane vha shaya vhukuma. Kha vha vhee milayo i re khagala u itela uri mu¥we na mu¥we a kone u shela mulenzhe.  Kha vha ite zwauri maipfi a vhashai na vhane vha si kone u di ambela, nga maanda vhasadzi na vhaswa, a a pfiwa. 

6.   Kha vha diimisele u fha maanda manzhi na ndangulo kha vhathu vhane vha shumisa zwishumiswa. Musi vho no wana vhugudisi na vhutsila zwo teaho, vhashumisi vha zwishumiswa zwa mupo vha tea u vha vhone vhane vha tshimbidza mbekanyamushumo, u ya nga u kona havho. 

7.  Kha vha vhee vhuimo hu re khagala kha pfanelo dza mavu na zwishumiswa. 	Kha pulane ya ndagulo yavho na mulayotewa, kha vha sumbedze zwavhudi zwine vhathu vha tea u ita zwone phanda ha musi vha tshi wana pfanelo dza u shumisa mavu na zwishumiswa. Kha vha wane thuso ya mulayoni ya thekhinikhala i bvaho nnda ya u ita vhuimo hovhu, arali zwo tea. 

8. Kha vha fhe vhathu tsireledzo ya tshifhinga tshilapfu na pfanelo kha zwishumiswa na mavu. 
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Vha tea u ita zwauri vhathu vha vhe na tshifhinga na u shuma nga maanda kha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo. Vha nga si ite izwi nga nnda ha musi vha tshi divha zwauri hu na mbuelo dza tshifhinga tshilapfu khavho na kha mita yavho. 

9.  Kha vha ite zwauri vhathu vha divhe zwine muvhuso wa khou ita zwone kha CBNRM. 	Muvhuso—wapo, tshitiriki, vundu na lushaka—vhothe vha na dzipholisi na dzimbekanyamishumo dzine dza kwama CBNRM. Vhathu vha tea u divha nga ha dzimbekanyamishumo na uri vha kwama hani mbekanyamushumo yavho ya vhupo uho.  Vha tea u pfesesa uri u shela mulenzhe havho hu dzhena hani kha mushumo muhulwane wa CBNRM kha shango, Afrika, na kha lifhasi lothe. 

10. Kha vha vhone uri ndi mushumo-de une vharangaphanda vha siala vha nga ita wone.	Tshitshavha tshi tea u ita tsheo ya uri vharangaphanda vha siala vha khou vha na vhaimeleli kha dzangano la CBNRM. 

11.	Kha vha vhe na pfanelo dza vhupo dzi re khagala na vhudifhinduleli.  Kha vha ite tsheo nga ndila yavhudi, ya dimokirasi nahone i re mulayoni, uri ndi nnyi a re na pfanelo kha zwishumiswa zwifhio na fhethu, na uri pfanelo idzo ndi dzifhio. 

12.	Kha vha shumise ndivho ya kha vhupo, hune zwa konadzea. Kha vha edzise u pfesesa phambano kha zwine vhathu vha tenda zwone na u wana ndivho kha vhathu vha kwameaho.  Kha vha shumise ndivho ya kha vhupo, ndivho ya sialala hune ya do thusa kha u swikelela ndivho dza mbekanyamushumo.  Kha vha dadzise kha ndivho iyi na tshenzheno kha madzangano ane a tikedza u fana na dziNGO na vha¥we vhashumisani vhane vha vha na vhutsila ha ndeme na vhukoni.

13. Kha vha divhe zwauri u fhata madzangano ndi maitele ane a ongolowa.  U fhata dzangano li bvelaho phanda zwi nga dzhia mi¥waha minzhi.  Kha tshifhinga tshino dzangano li toda thikhedzo i bvelaho phanda. CBNRM i anzela u kwama tshanduko khulwane kha politiki na mvelele—hezwi zwi dzhia tshifhinga.

DZINGELETSHEDZO

Milayo ya sumbe ya ndeme	 29

14. Khoro yapo i tea u ranga phanda nyito dza CBNRM na u thoma tshigwada tsha vhashumi tsha CBNRM uri tshi shume na madzangano a kha vhupo kha dzimbekanyamishumo ya CBNRM.  Muvhuso wapo u na mushumo wa ndeme une wa vha u pulana na u thoma dzithandela dza CBNRM.  Dzisekitha dzo fhambanaho kha tshitshavha dzi tea u vha na vhaimeleli kha tshigwada itshi tsha vhashumi—sa tsumbo: vhabadeli vha rennde, madzangano a vhashumi, madzangano a vhafumakadzi, vhaswa, zwigwada zwa vhurereli, mabindu matuku, vharengisi, vhathu vha vhutsila, vhathu vha si na mishumo. 

15. U thoma thuso ya lushaka ya CBNRM ya u thusa. Tshigwada itshi tshi tea u vha na vhudifhinduleli kha u imelela CBNRM kha maitele a lushaka ane a shuma nga milayo ya mupo na pholisi, hu tshi angaredzwa na u nekedzwa ha thuso ya thekhinikhala kha tshitafu tsha vundu na tshine tsha shuma nnda. 

16. U dzhenisa dzikhoso dza vhugudisi dza CBNRM	kha dzimbekanyamishumo dza muhasho na dza vhugudisi ha muvhuso wapo.




Vha songo... 

! 	Dzhiela fhasi vhukoni ha ndangulo ya madzangano
	 a vhupo honoho.
! 	Dzhiela fhasi ndeme ya vhurangaphanda hapo na vhaimeleli vhapo—heyi ndi mbekanyamushumo yapo, yo rangwaho phanda nga vhathu.
! 	Dzhiela fhasi thodea khulwane ya thikhedzo i bvelaho phanda ya u tikedza madzangano a aluwaho. Vha kha mushumo uyo lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu! 
DZINGELETSHEDZO 

30 
NGELETSHEDZO DZA MULAYO WA 4 
Vhathu vha wana mbuelo dza vhukuma—ikonomi, mvelele na vhurereli—zwi tshi bva kha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwavhudi


1. 	Kha vha vhee zwavhudi, maga ane a swikelea. Kha vha humbele thuso i bvaho kha vhathu vhane vha khou shela mulenzhe. Kha vha ite zwauri mu¥we na mu¥we u a divha zwine a nga tangana nazwo kha mbekayamushumo. U fhulufhedzisa zwithu zwihulu zwine muthu a nga si kone u zwi ita zwi do ita uri hu vhe na dzithaidzo nga murahu. Kha vha zwi divhe zwauri thuso i bvaho nnda i yothe i nga si ite zwauri hu vhe na dzithandela dza CNBRM dzine dza bvela phanda kana u bvela phanda ha dzithandela idzo. Kha vha humbele thuso i bvaho kha zwitshavha, naho i ya luswayo fhedzi.

2. 	Kha vha dzhie zwithu nga ndila yone nga ha mbuelo dza mbekanyamushumo.  Arali vha tshi khou ya u thoma mabindu matuku o ditikaho nga zwishumiswa zwa mupo, kha vha vhone zwauri mabindu a do kona u bvela phanda.  Arali zwi tshi konadzea kha vha wane thuso i bvaho nnda uri i ite ngudo ya u todisisa—hezwi zwi do vha vhudza uri bindu li do bvela phanda kana la feila.

3. 	Kha vha pulanele tshaka dzo fhambanaho dza dzimbuelo. Vhathu vha do lavhelela u vhona mvelelo dza thandela nga u tavhanya, ngauralo vha tea u vhona zwauri hu do vha na 

Vhathu vha a badelwa kha mishumo ye vha ita kha u thogomela zwishumiswa zwavho zwa mupo. Vha tevhedza tshivhalo tsha zwifuwo fhethu ha pfulo, vha wana mutengo wavhudi wa zwibveledzwa zwavho, na u ita tshelede nnzhi nga u isa mishumo yavho kha vhu¥we vhupo. Vhalindi vha kha tshitshavha vha thivhela vhathu vha nnda kha u dzhia zwimela kana zwipuka nga ndila i siho mulayoni. 


Milayo ya sumbe ya ndeme	 31
mbuelo dza tshifhinga tshipfufhi. Kha vha fare nyambedzano na vhalambedzi nga ha ‘mutengo wa u thoma’ kha tshiimo tsha u thoma tsha thandela. Fhedzi mu¥we na mu¥we u tea u divha zwauri zwi nga itea zwauri vha si vhone mbuelo dzothe mathomion. Dzi¥we dza mbuelo dzine dza dzhia tshifhinga tshilapfu dzi do vha hone nga murahu ha mushumo muhulwane nga mu¥we na mu¥we a kwameaho. 

4.  Kha vha vhone zwauri hu na mbuelo dza vhukuma kha vhathu. Hu do vha na thodea ya uri vhathu vha badele kha u tsireledza na u langula zwishumiswa zwavho zwa mupo—u shumiswa ha mavu avho, tshifhinga, nungo, dzitshanduko nga ndila ine vha ita zwithu ngayo. Vha tea u divha zwauri mbuelo dza CBNRM dzi do ita zwauri  mishumo yavho i vhe na mbuelo. 

5.   Hu tea u vha na makete wa zwibveledzwa zwa thandela. 
Vhathu vha tea u kona u rengisa zwibveledzwa zwi bvaho kha thandela ya CBNRM.  Arali hu si na makete wa zwibveledzwa, thandela i do feila.  U vhambadza ndi tshipida tsha ndeme kha u pulana bindu. Thikhedzo i bvaho nnda ya thekhinikhala na tshumisano zwi nga vha zwa ndeme kha u kona u swikelela mimakete. 

6.   U fhata vhutsila ha bindu. 	Vhutsila ha bindu (ndangulo, masheleni) ndi zwa ndeme kha u bvela phanda ha mvelaphanda yavho.  Kha vha vhone zwauri vha na vhathu vhane vha vha na vhutsila ho teaho musi vha tshi thoma mbekanyamushumo yavho (kha vha shumise thuso ya nnda arali zwo tea) na u pulana u nekedza vhugudisi ha zwikili zwa mabindu kha vhathu vha henefho sa tshipida tsha mbekanyamushumo yavho. Hezwi zwi do vha ndila ya u vhulunga yavhudi kha vhumatshelo. 
7.  		Mbuelo dzi bvaho kha CBNRM dzi nga si tandulule dzithaidzo dzothe kha tshitshavha. 	CBNRM i nga si vhee zwiliwa kha phulethi nga u tavhanya, kana u fha muthu mu¥we na mu¥we mushumo.  Fhedzi ndi tshipida tsha ndeme tsha u fhata tshitshavha tshi na vhumatshelo havhudi, ho ditikaho nga u thogomela zwishumiswa zwa mupo na u zwi shumisa zwavhudi. Nga nnda ha izwo hu nga vha na tshitshavha tshe tsha shumisa zwishumiswa zwatsho tshine tsha si tsha vha na zwine tsha nga fha mirafho i daho.
32

8.  Vhathu vhane vha shuma nga maanda, kana vhane vha dinekedzela nga maanda, vha do lavhelela u wana zwinzhi u fhira vha¥we. Ngauralo, mbuelo dza mbekanyamushumo dzi tea u phadaladzwa kha vhathu vhanzhi, nga maanda vhashai vha vhashai.  Vha nga si kone u shela mulenzhe nga tshelede nnzhi, fhedzi thodea dzavho dzi nthesa.
9.   Kha vha vhone zwauri a hu tou vha na mbuelo ya tshelede fhedzi. Vhathu vha do tutuwedzwa arali vha tshi khou vhona dzi¥we mbuelo dza lu¥we lushaka dzine dza khou bvelela kha tshitshavha.  Hedzi dzi angaredza: tsireledzo ya mulayo kha mishushedzo i bvaho nnda ine ya nga bvelela kha mavu na zwishumiswa zwa mupo; thekhinikhala, masheleni na thuso ya pholotiki kha u fhata madzangano apo; pfunzo na vhugudisi kha vhutsila zwa u langula mavu na zwishumizwa; u tshimbidza tshumelo; u swikelela kha zwikolodo na ma¥we masheleni.   Mbuelo dza mvelelo na dza vhurereli ndi dza ndeme nga maanda.   Muhumbulo wa u swikelela zwi¥we zwithu nga u shumisana, muhumbulo wa ndeme ya muthu une wa diswa nga u diimisela na u didina kha u khwathisa tshitshavha kha zwithu zwine zwa vha na ndeme khatsho na mvelele na ndivho—zwothe hezwi zwi fhata tshitshavha nga maanda, kana u fhirisa, mbuelo dza tshelede na ndaka.
 Vha songo... 
!	Thoma thandela dzine dza dzhenisa tshelede nga nnda ha musi vha tshi divha uri vha do rengisa ngafhi zwibveledzwa zwavho.
!	Fhulufhedzisa mbuelo dzine vha sa do dzi kona. Kha vha ite uri zwitshavha zwi ditike nga tshelede ya vhalambedzi kana ya muvhuso. Dzithandela dzi tea u dibadelala nga u tavhanya.
!	Humbula u thoma mbekanyamushumo ya CBNRM nga nnda ha musi mihasho ya muvhuso i tshi do shumisana navho nga u vha tikedza tshothe kha milayo ya CBNRM.
! 	Humbula uri vhathu vha do vha na maitele a fanaho kha zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwine vhatsireledzi vha mupo vha vha nao.
! 	Thoma thandela musi vha saathu u vhea ndivho dza tshifhinga tshilapfu dza thandela. 


 Milayo ya sumbe ya ndeme	   33

NGELETSHEDZO DZA MULAYO WA 5 
Hu na dzipholisi dza ndeme na milayo nahone i khou shumiswa, hune zwa konadzea, nga madzangano a re mulayoni a vhathu na madzangano

1.	Kha vha dzhenise tshitshavha 	Milayo na 
kha u ita tsheo ya dzipholisi.
Dzipholisi ndi dza ndeme kha dzangano 
li¥we na li¥we.  Dzi sumbedza zwavhudi	dzipholisi zwi tea 
zwine dzangano la do ita zwone, na uri zwithu izwo zwi do itiwa hani.   Zwitshavha zwi tea u dzhenelela musi hu tshi thomiwa kha u bveledza dzipholisi dza dzangano na mbekanyamushumo.

2. U tshintsha dzipholisi musi vha tshi 
khou toda u ita ngauralo. Musi dzangano li tshi khou aluwa nahone vha tshi khou thoma na thandela, vha do wana zwauri dzi¥we dzipholisi a dzi tsha shuma.  Vha nga toda u tshintsha pholisi uri i ite zwine vha funa.

3. 	Li¥walo la pholisi li tea u pfesesea hu si na vhuleme. Kha vha ite uri dzipholisi dzi leluwe uri dzi kone u pfeseswa nga vhathu vhothe.  Kha vha dzi pindulele kha dzi¥we nyambo arali vha tshi khou toda.  Kha vha vhone uri mirado ya tshitshavha vha nga kona u wana dzipholisi musi vha tshi dzi toda.

u tevhedzwa.
Vhathu vha 
tendelana kha pfanelo dzavho na vhudifhinduleli. 
Tshitshavha tshi ita tsheo dza kushumiselwe kwa zwishumiswa.  Tshivhalo tsha u kana tshi vhewa nga tshitshavha tsho wana ngeletshedzo i bvaho kha Vhadivhi



NGELETSHEDZO 

34 
4.  Kha vha livhanyise dzipholisi dzapo na dzipholisi dza lushaka na dza vundu. Hu na milayo na dzipholisi dza lushaka na dza vundu dzine dza kwama CBNRM.  Vha nga dzi shumisa kha u bveledza dzipholisi dzapo na milayo, fhedzi vha tea u ita tshanduko dzine dza elana na thodea dzavho.  Musi mbekanyamushumo yavho i tshi khou aluwa, hu tutuwedzwa muvhuso uri u ite milayo miswa na dzipholisi, kana vha ite dzitshanduko kha ine ya vha hone, vha tshi khou ditika nga tshenzhemo yavho ya vhukuma ya CBNRM. 

5.  Kha vha tanganye dzipholisi dzapo na IDP ya henefho.  Zwitiriki zwothe na mimasipala ya henefho zwi na maitele a u pulana — dziIDP.  DziIDP dzi na ndivho dzi fanaho na dza dzimbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM.  Nga ntha ha zwenezwo, vha tea u shumisana na mimasipala yapo kana tshitiriki.  Kha vha ite zwauri dzipholisi dzavho na milayo i elene na dzipholisi na dzipulane.  Nga u shumisana vha nga kona u swikelela zwithu zwinzhi. 

6.  Muvhuso wapo ndi wone khiyi.  Ngauri muvhuso wapo u na mushumo wa ndeme wa u bveledza CBNRM, muvhuso u na mushumo wa u vhona zwauri muvhuso wapo u a kona u tikedza madzangano apo kha dzimbekanyamishumo dzao dza CBNRM. Vhaofisiri vha kha vhuimo ha kha vhupo vha tea u gudiswa uri vha fhe thuso kha nzudzanyo dza thandela nga madzangano a tshitshavha.

7.  Mihasho ya muvhuso i tea u vhona zwauri milayo, dzipholisi, na pfano dzapo dzi a tendelwa. Mushumo wa vhaofisiri u tea u lavheleswa u itela uri vha kone u fha thikhedzo yo teaho kha dzimbekanyamishumo dzapo.

8.Dzipholisi dzi tea u vha na mano.  Dzifaini na dzi¥we dzimbadelo dzi tea u vha dzo khwathaho musi milayo yo pfukiwa.  Kha vha tendele vhaofisiri vhane vha vha navho uri vha ite tsheo yavho musi vha tshi khou shumisa mulayo.  Vhuimo vhu¥we na vhu¥we a vhu fani na hu¥we. 

9. Kha vha fhe dzangano la tshitshavha maanda a u langa musi lo no dilugisela.  Maanda a u langula na u vhulunga zwishumiswa zwa mupo a tea u newa dzangano la kha vhupo honoho arali lo no dlugisela zwavhudi. Hezwi zwi amba:  hu na ndangulo nthihi ya nangiwaho; dzangano lapo lo thomiwa nga ndila ya Trust i re mulayoni,  Communal Property Association kana Khethekanyo ya 21 ya khamphani; dzangano li na vhukoni ho teaho ha u langula; pulane ya ndangulo yo pfaniwaho nga vhashumisani vhothe vha re hone;   hu na sisiteme yavhudi ya u langula.  Zwitshavha zwi nga toda thikhedzo i bvaho nnda ya thekhinikhala u thoma dzangano line la shuma zwavhudi. 

10.  Kha vha vhetshele thungo tshelede ya vhugudisi ha CBRM, uri vha dzule vha tshi khou alusa vhutsila kha vhathu vha kha vhupo ha u langula zwishumiswa zwavho. Vha¥we vhashumisani, hu tshi angaredzwa na ndangulo ya masipala, vha nga toda vhugudisi ha vhutsila uri vha kone u ita mushumo wavho kha CBNRM.  Kha vha todisise ndambedzo dzothe dzine dza vha hone (dziSETA, zwikimu zwa vhugudisi na zwi¥we). 

11. Kha vha vhone zwauri mihasho ya muvhuso i khou shumisana yothe.  Muhasho mu¥we na mu¥we u tea u ita tsheo uri mushumo wayo ndi ufhio kha CBNRM na u shela mulenzhe. Vha tea u vhumba dziposwo dza tshipentshelaa dza CBNRM kha vhuimo ha lushaka, vundu, tshitiriki, na u nekedza vhugudisi ho teaho na u tshelede ya hone.  Zwigwada zwine zwa wanala kha muhasho zwa CBNRM zwi tea u thomiwa kha vhuimo ha lushaka na vundu u khwinisa tshumisano na u shumisana vhukati ha mihasho. 

12. Kha vha tutuwedze tshumisano ya CBNRM kha ndangulo ya sinia na vhuimo ha polotiki kha muvhuso na kha sekitha ya phuraivete. Vha¥we vhaofisiri vha nga si tikedze mbonelaphanda na ndivho dza pholisi ya CBNRM.  Hune ha vha na u hana CBNRM, ndangulo ya sinia i tea u dzhenelela. Thikhedzo i bvaho ntha ndi ya ndeme. 


13.  Kha vha wane mafhungo o teaho phanda ha musi vha tshi saina pfano ya fomala.  Phanda ha musi maanda a tshi fhiwa dzangano la tshitshavha uri li lange mavu na zwishumiswa, zwi tea u vha khagala uri mbekanyamushumo ya dzangano ndi yavhudi.  Hezwi zwi amba zwauri dzangano li tea u vha lo khwatha nga maanda uri li kone u ita mushumo walo, mbekanyamushumo i tea u vha ine ya nga bveledza tshelede, nahone zwishumiswa zwi do tsireledzwa na u shumiswa zwavhudi. 

14.   Dzipholisi dzi tea u vhona zwauri tshitshavha tshi do vhuelwa nga maanda nga mbekanyamushumo yadzo. Muvhuso u tea u vhona zwauri mbekanyamushumo yo dzinginywaho nga dzangano la tshitshavha ndi yone ndila ya vhudisa ya u bveledza lupfumo nga u shumisa zwishumiswa zwa mupo.

15. Kha vha fhe ngeletshedzo kha feme ya kushumisele kwa zwishumiswa zwa mupo. I¥we ya ndila ine zwitshavha zwa nga bveledza tshelede ngayo ndi ya u renndisa zwishumiswa zwa mupo na ndivho ya mabindu a phuraivete. Muvhuso u tea u shumisana na zwivhumbeo zwine zwa vha hone zwine zwa tshimbidza mvelaphanda ya mabindu a tshitshavha.
Vha songo... 
! 	Lavhelela uri madzangano a tshitshavha a do tevhedza maga othe a u pulana matshimbidzele a bindu na ndangulo ya thandela.  Tsha khwine, kha vha vhone zwauri hu na ndangulo yo khwathaho ya ndangulo nahone vha tendele tshanduko, mvelaphanda.  
!       Lavhelela uri mbekanyamishumo dzothe dzi do shuma nga ndila i fanaho—ngeletshedzo dzi tea u vha na tshikhala tsha u tendela uri hu vhe na u fana, milayo i fanaho, na thekhinolodzhi i fanaho. 
! 	Vhona thandela nthihi sa ine ya sa fane na dzi¥we.  Tsha khwine, thandela i¥we na i¥we ya CBNRM kha i vhe tshipida tsha mbekanyashumo i bvelaho phanda ya CBNRM kha vhuimo ha tshitiriki, vundu na lushaka.

Milayo ya sumbe ya n

NGELETSHEDZO DZA MULAYO WA 6 
Thuso i bvaho nnda i nekedzwa kha u tshimbidza dzithandela dzapo. Ndivho ya vhadzulapo na tshenzhemo zwi a thonifhiwa 

1.	Kha vha vhone uri hu vha na u	Tshitshavha
Bvela phanda ha ndangulo.	tshi shumisana 
Vhunzhi ha mbekanyamishumo dzi toda

Vhatshimbidzi vha re na vhutsila uri vha kone u shumisana na tshitshavha, kha vhuimo ha u thomiwa ha mbekanyamushumo na lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu.  Hezwi zwi nga nekedzwa nga mushumisani a ngaho sa NGO, mukhosalithenthe kana muhasho wa muvhuso.  Vhatshimbidzi vha tea u dzhiela nzhele mvelele dza vhadzulapo na u sumbedza u thonifha ndivho yapo na tshenzhemo.

2. 	Kha vha bveledze mbonelaphanda ya vhupo ya matshelo. Mutshimbidzi u shumisana na dzangano la tshitshavha kha u bveledza mbonelaphanda i fanaho ya zwine tshitshavha tsha khou toda u swikelela zwone.  Vha a tendelana uri vha nga swikelela hani kha mbonelaphanda iyo—ndi matshimbidzele afhio ane a tea u tevhedzwa.

3. 	Kha vha vhone zwauri hu na tshifhinga tsha u bveledza u fhulufhelana vhukati ha vhothe vha kwameaho.

4. 	Vhathu vhane vha sa kone u vhala na u ¥wala vha tea u shela mulenzhe. Mutshimbidzi u tea u vha na vhutsila ha u angaredza vhathu vhothe,

na dziNGO dza 
henefho kana dzangano la mvelaphanda line la pfesesa tshitshavha na u vha na tshenzhemo ya u langula zwishumiswa zwa mupo kha vhupo.   Vhatshimbidzi vha kovhekana ndivho na vhutsila. Vha tutuwedza tshitshavha uri tshi thuse nga tshenzhemo na u pfesesa.






38

zwi ngaho sa Participatory Learning and
Action, na Participatory Rural
Appraisal.

5. 	Kha vha shumise zwithu zwi vhonalaho. Mimepe, dzividio, zwinepe na nyendo ndi zwa ndeme kha mu¥we na mu¥we, hu si kha vhathu vha songo funzeaho fhedzi.

6. 	Kha vha dzhiele nzhele nga maanda phambano ya nyambo na mvelele.  Mu¥we na mu¥we u tea u di pfa o vhofholowa kha u bvisa mihumbulo yawe nga luambo lwawe, nahone fhethu hunzhi hu do todea u pindulela.

7. 	A hu na muthu kana tshigwada tshine tsha do dipfa tshi si na ndeme u fana na tshi¥we.  Kha vha dzhiele nzhele uri vhathu vha songo dipfa vhe vha nthesa kana vhe vha fhasisa.  Mutshimbidzi a re na vhutsila u do ita uri mu¥we na mu¥we a pfe o tanganedzwa nahone e na ndeme.

8. Vhatshimbidzi vha tea u fhata ndila ya tshumisano vhukati ha zwigwada na muthu mu¥we na mu¥we. Vhatshimbidzi vha fhira vhagudisi.  Vha nga thusa hafhu zwigwada zwo fhambanaho uri zwi pfesese na u shumisana. 

9.   Kha vha fhe vhadzulapo tshifhinga tsha u vha vhatshimbidzi. Mutshimbidzi u tea u fhirisela vhutsila ha u tshimbidza kha vhadzulapo.
DZINGELETSHEDZO


Mishumo ya
Vhatshimbidzi ndi ya ndeme nahone vha tea u dzula vhe kha thandela lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu.
Naho zwo ralo, hu tea u vha na tshifhinga tshine mutshimbidzi a litsha musi tshitshavha tshi tshi vho kona u langula mishumo yatsho hu si na thuso i bvaho kha mutshimbidzi wa nnda—heyi ndi ndivho ya magumo. 


Milayo ya sumbe ya ndeme	39

Sa tsumbo, vhadzulapo vha tea u kona u dzudzanya na u tshimbidza mitangano ya dzikomiti thukhu na zwigwada zwa vhashumi. 

10. Kha vha kovhekane tshenzhemo na vhatshimbidzi vhane vha shuma kha ma¥we masia. 	Vhashumi vha tea u kovhekana tshenzhemo kha mbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM kha ma¥we masia—vhunzhi ha dzithaidzo dzine vha tangana nadzo dzi a fana kha dzimbekanyamishumo dzothe.

11. Kha vha diimisele u dzula vha tshi khou shela mulenzhe lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu—fhedzi vha divhe uri ndi lini hune vha tea u litsha. Mutshimbidzi u tea u dzula e kha mbekanyamushumo lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu.  Ndi zwa ndeme u vha na mutshimbidzi wavhudi musi mbuelo dzi tshi thoma u kovhekanywa—musi thaidzo dzi tshi vho thoma u bvelela.  Mutshimbidzi u do tshintsha u ya nga tshifhinga, musi vhadzulapo vha tshi vho wana vhutsila, u difhulufhela na tshenzhemo ya u langula mbekanyamushumo nga vhone vhane.  Kha vha vhee milayo i pfalaho ya u fhela ha u tshimbidza—ndivho ndi ya u nekedza tshitshavha hu si u tshimbidza u swika magumoni a tshifhinga.
 Vha songo...
! 	Ita uri vhathu vha lavhelele zwithu zwi sa konadzei.  Musi vhathu vha tshi pfa zwauri vha tea u gudiswa, vha anzela u humbula zwauri vha do wana mushumo.  Kha vha vhone zwauri vhathu vha pfesese zwine vha nga zwi lavhelela kha mbekanyamushumo.
! 	Humbula zwauri tshitshavha tshi humbula u fana na u ita zwithu nga ndila i fanaho.  Zwitshavha zwo fhambana, zwi tenda kha zwithu zwo fhambanaho na dzithodea.  Zwitshavha zwi a shanduka tshifhinga tshothe. 
! 	Imisa vhatshimbidzi musi vha tshi tou thoma u vhona dzimvelelo. Kha vha litshe vhatshimbidzi vha shume lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu, fhedzi hu songo vha tshifhinga tshilapfusa. 
! 	Fhelisa maanda a vharangaphanda vha vhupo nga u vhona mutshimbidzi a na maanda manzhi.  Tsha khwine, nga u tshimbidza zwavhudi na u fhirisela phanda vhutsila havho. 
Hu na u pfesesa nga maanda vhurangaphanda ha vhupo nahone vhurangaphanda ha vhupo vhu tikedza tshothe dzithandela dza CBNRM


1. 	Kha vha dzhiele nzhele vhathu vho funzeaho vha kale na vhaswa.  Musi maanda na ndangulo zwo no nekedzwa tshigwada tsha vhathu vhaswa—u fana na vhakhantselara vha vhupo kana vhaofisiri vha dziCBO kha mbekanyamushumo ya CBNRM—hu anzela u vha na khombo ya uri vhurangaphanda vhuswa ho funzeaho vhu do bvelela.  Vhu nga shumisa maanda aya maswa kha u divhuedza.  Vhuimo na ndivho dza vhurangaphanda ha siala zwi tea u pfeseswa zwavhudi phanda ha musi vhu tshi shumisaniwa naho.
2. 	Kha vha shumise mulayotewa u thivhela u lwela ndangulo.  Kha vha vhone zwauri pfanelo na mishumo ya zwivhumbeo zwo fhambanaho zwa ndangulo zwo buliwa zwavhudi kha mulayotewa.
3. 	Kha vha wane vharangaphanda vho fhambanaho kha mishumo yo fhambanaho. Hezwi zwi phadaladza mishumo ya vhurangaphanda na u edana ha maanda.
4. Kha vha vhone zwauri vhaimeleli vha tshitshavha vha mulayoni nahone a vho ngo tou divhea. Mulayotewa wa tshivhumbeo tsha ndangulo u tea u lwela zwauri vhaimeleli vha kwamane na zwigwada zwine vha khou zwi imelela.
DZINGELETSHEDZO

Vhathu vha re kha tshitshavha vhane vha pfiwa nga maanda, vharangaphanda vha sialala na vharangaphanda vha tshitshavha sa tsumbo, vho diimisela u vhona zwauri muthu mu¥we na mu¥we u a vhuelwa nga ndila i edanaho.












5. 	Kha vha vhone zwauri zwigwada zwothe zwi na vhaimeleli.  Madzangano a vhupo a tea u imelela zwigwada zwothe zwo fhambanaho zwa vhadzulapo.

Milayo ya sumbe ya ndems 	41
Vharangaphanda vha vhupo
vha tea u shuma
nga nungo dzothe
u vhona zwauri 

6. 	Kha vha tandulule mafhungo a u fana ha zwithu.  Kha vha vhone zwauri mu¥we na mu¥we u a divha phambano dza zwine a toda na thodea dza tshitshavha.  Ndivho dza tshigwada tshithihi a dzo ngo tea u vha dza ndeme u fhira dza tshi¥we.

7. 	Kha vha fhe vhadzulapo pfanelo dzo khwathaho dzi re mulayoni kha zwishumiswa uri vha kone u shumisa mulayo kha u tsireledza zwishumiswa kha vhabvannda.

8. Kha vha vhone zwauri hu khou tevhelwa matshimbidzele avhudi a bindu.  Vhoramabindu vhane vha si fhulufhedzee ndi tshiguru tshihulwane kha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo kha tshitshavha.  Vhathu avha vha anzela u vha na maanda, vha anzela u dzhiela fhasi milayo ya vhupo na ndangulo, nahone vha nga ita uri hu vhe na u tshinyadza mbekanyamushumo dza tshitshavha.  Matshimbidzele o teaho a mabindu u fana na matshimbidzele a thenda, a tea u shumiswa tshifhinga tshothe u itela zwauri zwithu zwothe zwi vhe ngonani na u vha mulayoni.

Vho dalesaho kha matshimbidzele.
Tshitshavha tshi tea u divha uri vhathu vha re na maanda ndi vhafhio.




















42 
9.	Kha vha pfesese vharangaphanda vha vhupo vha vha shumise zwavhudi. Uri vha pfesese uri ndi nnyi a re na maanda kha tshitshavha, na dzipolotiki dza tshitshavha, kha vha gude divhazwakale ya tshitshavha.  Nga iyi ndila vha nga kona u shumisa zwavhudi vharangaphanda vha vhupo. 


Vha songo... 

! 	Humbula uri zwitshavha a zwi na vhutshivha kana zwo farana u fhira zwi¥we. 
! 	Humbulela uri hu na murangaphanda muthihi fhedzi wa tshigwada— vhurangaphanda vhu bvelela nga ndila dzo fhambanaho—kha vha edzise u pfesesa uri izwi zwi bvelela hani kha tshigwada nga ndila yo tandavhuwaho. 
! 	Dzhia sia kha nndwa dza u lwela vhuimo.  Politiki dza vhupo dzi nga tshintsha tshifhinga tshi¥we na tshi¥we nahone vhane vha ima naho namusi vha nga vha maswina avho matshelo. 
! 	Hwalea nga mafulofulo a tshitshavha a u sumbedza u farana—hezwi zwi do tshintsha musi tshifhinga tshi tsha ya.  Kha vha dzhie tshifhinga tshilapfu tsha u sedzulusa mbekanyamushumo. 















DZINGELETSHEDZO 

Dzikhaedu…………..     	43
TSHIPIDA TSHA 3 
DZIKHAEDU 



Dzithandela dza CBNRM dzi anzela u angaredza dzikhaedu dzo fhambanaho. Dzinwe dzadzo dzo dowelea kha dzimbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM.  Phanda ha musi vha tshi thoma thandela yavho, kha vha humbule nga ha khaedu dzine vha nga tangana nadzo.

!  Thandela i¥we na i¥we ya CBNRM yo fhambana na dzi¥we.  Ngauri vho no shuma kha thandela ya CBNRM a zwi ambi zwauri vha do ita zwi fanaho hafhu.  Kha vha diimisele u guda u bva kha tshenzhemo na u ita dzitshanduko musi dzi tshi todea. 

!  	Ngeletshedzo kha bugu iyi ndi dza u eletshedza fhedzi.  Ngauri thandela i¥we na i¥we yo fhambana na i¥we, vha tea u diimisela u tevhedza ngeletshedzo dzine dza elana na thandela yavho. Vha diimisele u ita liedza na u ita dzitshanduko ho teaho.  Fhedzi kha vha talutshedze zwavhudi uri ndi ngani vha tshi khou ita zwine vha khou zwi ita.  Vha songo khakhisa vhathu.

!   	Kha vha lavhelele uri hu do vha na dzikhudano.  Maitele a u shela mulenzhe na CBNRM tshi¥we tshifhinga a nga disa dzitshanduko, ngauralo vha songo mangala musi khudano dzi tshi itea.  Fhedzi kha vha edzise u humbulela thaidzo dzine dza nga itea nga u vha na ndangulo yavhudi na u edzisa u thivhela.  Vha songo vhilalela musi dzikhudano dzi tshi vha hone.  Hezwi zwi a tea. Zwimangadzo na zwithu zwi songo lavhelelwaho ndi tshipida tsha mutambo. 
!   	Kha vha dzhiele nzhele vhushaka ha vhane vha vha na maanda kha vhupo. CBNRM ndi nga ha u fara vhathu vhothe nga ndila i edanaho.  Vha¥we vhathu vhane vha vha na maanda vha nga si zwi fune hezwi.  Zwi nga thoma khudano. Tshi¥we tshifhinga a zwi koni u thivhelea fhedzi kha vha edzise u sa zwi thivhela. 


44 
! 	Zwi tou vha khagala zwauri hu do vha na dzithaidzo na zwithu zwi si zwavhudi tshi¥we tshifhinga kha thandela.   Tshi¥we tshifhinga khaedu ndi ya u ita uri mu¥we na mu¥we a diimisele na u shuma uri hu tandululwe thaidzo. 
! 	Kha vha dzhiele nzhele ‘maanda a u kokodzela thungo’.  Musi hu na zwine zwa sa khou tshimbila zwavhudi kha thandela, maanda othe kha thandela a nga livhiswa kha thaidzo.  Hezwi zwi nga amba zwauri zwipida zwo bvelelaho kha thandela zwi a langiwa.  Kha vha edzise u vhona zwauri zwipida zwo bvelelaho zwi bvele phanda musi vha tshi khou tandula thaidzo. 
!	Vhathu nga tsiko vha na ‘maitele a u omelela kha tshikale’ nahone vha anzela u sa funa mihumbulo miswa kana ndila ntswa dza u ita zwithu.  Vha songo mangala arali zwi tshi dzhia tshifhinga tshilapfu uri mihumbulo miswa i tanganedzwe, naho i songo tanganedzwa na khathihi. Kha vha dzhenise hezwi kha pulane yavho—kha vha vhe na pulane ya u shuma na vhathu vhane vha hana tshanduko.
!	Kha vha diimisele u sasaladzwa, naho hu u sasaladzwa hu si havhudi. Vhathu kha thandela dza CBNRM vha anzela u wana mihumbulo i si yavhudi na u sasaladzwa, nga maanda nga vhathu vhane vha si vhe  ngomu kha thandela. U sasaladzwa uho hu nga vha hune ha vhavha. Vha nga fhedza tshifhinga tshinzhi na nungo vha tshi khou edzisa u tandulala u sasaladzwa uho.  Kha vha tanganedze zwauri hezwi zwi do itea, nahone vha songo tendela u sasaladzwa hu tshi thivhela mishumo yavhudi ye vhone na vha¥we vha i ita. Ndi zwone, tshi¥we tshifhinga u sasaladzwa hu nga vha havhudi!!!   Ngauralo kha vha diimisele u guda khaho, kha vha diimisele u thetshelesa, u guda, kha vha diimisele u tenda zwauri vho khakha. 



DZINGELETSHEDZO 


Ngeletshedzo kha vhothe	45
TSHIPIDA TSHA 4 
NGELETSHEDZO DZA FUMI DZA U SHUMA DZA MU¤WE NA MU¤WE 





Ngeletshedzo idzi dza fumi dzi na mushumo kha mu¥we na mu¥we ane a kwamea nga thandela ya CBNRM—mirado ya tshitshavha, vhaofisiri vha muvhuso wapo, vhatshimbidzi vha NGO, vhaiti vha dzipholisi dza muvhuso. Hezwi ndi zwi¥we zwa zwithu zwa ndeme kha u bveledza thandela ya CBNRM: 

1.	Ndivho yavho kha i vhe ya u kovhekana mishumo.  CBNRM yo livhiswa kha u shumisa vhathu vhanzhi kha tshitshavha uri vha thogomele zwishumiswa.  Kha vha elelwe zwauri CBNRM ndi ya tshitshavha, hu si muthu muthihi kana komiti.  Hezwi zwi amba zwauri u tshintshana ha tshitshavha kha u dzhia tsheo.  Zwi dovha hafhu zwa amba u fha maanda na vhudifhinduleli vhathu vhane vha khou shuma kha mbekanyamushumo.  U fha vhathu mishumo na vhudifhinduleli zwi nga amba zwauri zwithu a zwi khou tshimbila nga ngona tshifhinga tshothe—nga maanda arali vha si na vhutsila kana zwikili.  Ngauralo vhugudisi ndi ha ndeme na u tutuwedza ndi ha ndeme. 

U langula thandela ya tshitshavha, hune ha vha na vhathu vhanzhi, tshi¥we tshifhinga zwi a tanganya thoho kha vhathu vho dowelaho u langula. Kha vha diimisele u guda ndila ntswa dza u langula vhathu.  Kha vha elelwe, uri u shela mulenzhe kha thandela ndi zwine muthu a tou funa—a hu na muthu ane a tea u kombetshedzwa uri a shele mulenzhe arali a sa funi.  Kha vha tutuwedze u shela mulenzhe—vha songo kombetshedza. 

2.	Kha vha lavhelese na u pima tshifhinga tshothe.  Vha tea u divha tshifhinga tshothe arali thandela yavho ya CBNRM i tshi khou shuma zwavhudi. U ita izwi thandela yavho i tea u vha na ndivho dzi re khagala—pulane ine ya bula zwavhudi zwine vha khou toda u swikelela zwone na uri vha khou toda u zwi swikelela hani.  I tea u vha na sisiteme ya u sedza tshifhinga tshothe uri vha kha ndila yone. Arali hu na dzithaidzo kha thandela, vha tea u divha nga hadzo nga u tavhanya, uri vha kone u dzhia maga a u dzi tandulula. U lavhelesa na u pima ndi dzone ndila dza u sedza mvelaphanda dza thandela na u wana thaidzo.  Hezwi ndi zwikili zwine vhathu vha re kha thandela vha tea u zwi divha.  Zwi do vha zwa ndeme kha u ita zwauri vhashumisani navho vha NGO vha thuse nga hezwi. 

3.	Kha vha dzule vha tshi khou divhadza vhathu, kha vha thetshelese zwine vha khou amba zwone.  Tshifhinga tshothe vha tea u dzula vha tshi khou vhudza vhathu nga ha thandela, na u thetshelesa mihumbulo yavho. Hu na ndila nnzhi dza u ita ngauralo—kha mitangano ya tshifhinga tshothe, nga mivhigo, dziwekishopo, nga ma¥walo na dziphositara, na kha nyambedzano dza vhukonani musi vha tangana mavhengeleni. Tshithu tsha ndeme ndi u divhadza mu¥we na mu¥we na u tendela vhathu uri vha tahise mihumbulo yavho. 

4.	Kha vha diimisele u guda ndila ntswa dza u ita zwithu. 
U langula thandela ya tshitshavha a zwi fani na u langula khamphani khulwane ine ya wanala doroboni khulwane, kana muhasho muhulwane wa muvhuso. Zwithu zwi nga itea nga ndila yo fhambanaho hafha!  Tshitshavha ndi tshone vhane vha thandela nahone ndi vhone vhane vha ita tsheo nnzhi. Kha vha diimisele zwithu zwi songo lavhelelwaho na zwimangadzo zwine vha nga vha na ndangulo thukhu khazwo. Vha tea u vha na zwikili zwo fhambanaho zwa u tutuwedza tshitshavha uri tshi shume tshothe, ngauralo kha vha diimisele u guda, na u edzisa maitele maswa.





DZINGELETSHEDZO 


Ngeletshedzo kha vhothe	47

5.	Kha vha shume nga ndila ya tshiphurofeshinala na u diimisela tshifhinga tshothe. 
Thandela dza tshitshavha dzi tea u ita zwithu nga ndila ntswa kana nga ndila dzo fhambanaho.   Fhedzi hu tea u vha na thodea ya u difara zwavhudi na u diimisela.  Hezwi zwi angaredza zwithu zwi ngaho sa milayo na u i tevhedza, u tendelana kha ndila dza vhudifari dzine dza amba zwauri vhathu vha tea u difara hani kha mitangano, vha tea u ita hani mishumo yavho na zwine zwa do itea arali vha sa dzi tevhedza. Vhathu vha tea u tevhedza zwe vha amba uri vha do zwi ita. Zwi amba na u tshimbidza mitangano zwavhudi, u vhea dzirekhodo na u nekedza mivhigo musi i tshi todea.

6.	Vha songo tendela vhathu vha tshi shumisa thandela kha u divhuedza. U disa vhathu vho fhambanaho fhethu huthihi uri vha livhe kha ndivho nthihi a zwo ngo leluwa! Vhathu vha nga difara nga ndila ya tseda, nga maanda musi tshelede na dzi¥we mbuelo dzo lavhelelwaho (u dzhenela dziwekishopo, u enda na zwi¥we) zwi tshi kwamea. Kha vha edzise u ita zwauri muthu mu¥we na mu¥we kana zwigwada zwi songo shumisa thandela kha u divhuedza—thandela iyi ndi ya u vhuedza tshitshavha. 

7.	Kha vha kondelele, fhedzi kha vha ite zwauri hu vhe na u diimisela na maanda. U ita uri tshitshavha tshi shume tshothe nga maitele a ongolowaho. Vhalambedzi na mazhendedzi a muvhuso vha tea u pfesesa zwauri u thoma dzangano la tshitshavha na u ita zwauri thandela i thome u shuma ndi maitele a ongolowaho nahone ane a konda. Zwi nga dzhia mi¥waha minzhi.  Mu¥we na mu¥we u tea u diimisela na u fha thikhedzo hune ya todea hone.  Vha songo litsha musi zwi tshi vho konda.  Vha songo tendelela vhudifari vhu si havhudi vhune ha nga lengisa thandela kana ha ita zwauri hu vhe na u lenga hu songo teaho.  Vha nga toda uri vhathu vha difare nga ndila yavhudi arali hu uri vhone vha khou vha tsumbo.

DZINGELETSHEDZO 

48 

8.	Kha vha thonifhe zwine vhadzulapo vha tenda khazwo na mvelele.  Kha vha thonifhe divhazwakale ya vhathu, vhurereli na mvelele dzo fhambanaho na ndila dza kutshilele.  Vhadzulapo vha na ndila dzavho dza u ita zwithu naho ndila idzo dzi dza ndeme u fana na dzi¥we.  Kha vha didine uri vha pfesese ndila dza vhadzulapo. Kha vha sumbedze u thonifha vharangaphanda vha henefho.  Arali vha tshi khou tea u ita tshanduko, kha vha vhone zwauri vha tuwa na vhathu—vha songo lingedza u kombetshedza mihumbulo yavho.

9.	Kha vha fhate u fhulufhedzea vhukati ha vhathu nahone kha vha shumese uri vha vhu vhulunge.

10.	Kha vha fhate vharangaphanda na vhomakone vhapo  vha  CBNRM. Kha vha phadaladze vhudifhinduleli vha ite uri hu vhe na tshikhala tsha vharangaphanda vhaswa uri vha di vhonadze. 

























Ngeletshedzo kha tshitshavha	49
TSHIPIDA TSHA 5 
NGELETSHEDZO DZA U SHUMA DZA FUMITHIHI DZA ZWITSHAVHA 





Zwitshavha ndi zwigwada zwa vhathu vhane vha tshila kha vhupo  vhuthihi nahone vhane vha shumisa mavu na zwishumiswa uri vha kone u tshila. Havha ndi vhathu vhane vha thoma dzangano la CBNRM na u thoma thandela ya CBNRM uri vha tsireledze zwishumiswa na u khwinisa vhutshilo ha vhathu.  Ngeletshedzo idzi ndi dzavho. 

1.	Kha vha tsireledze zwishumiswa zwa mupo. Arali hu si na mavu, madi, miri, zwimela na phukha, a hu na CBNRM.  Uri vha kone u tsireledza zwishumiswa izwi vha tea u vha na pulane ine mu¥we na mu¥we a tendelana nayo.  Pulane i tea u angaredza ndila dza u khwinisa vhutshilo ha vhathu. 

2.	Kha vha shumisane na vhathu vhanzhi.  Zwigwada zwothe zwine zwa vha na dzangalelo kha tshitshavha zwi tea u dzheniswa kha thandela ya CBNRM—nga maanda vhathu avho vhane tshi¥we tshifhinga vha sa dzhielwe ntha, u fana na vhafumakadzi, vhaswa, na vhathu vhane vha shaya nga maanda. Vha thogomele tshigwada tshine tsha vha na maanda kana muthu mu¥we na mu¥we uri a sa do dzhia thandela a tshi khou itela u divhuedza.










50 

3.	Kha vha shumise vhaimeleli vha dzangano lo khwathwaho nahone vha vhukuma uri vha imelele vhadzulapo. Tshitshavha tshi tea u thoma dzangano la u langula thandela ya CBNRM.  Arali ho no di vha na dzangano lo khwathaho line la nga ita izwi—u fana na Development Trust—vha nga shumisa lone.  Arali li siho, vha tea u thoma dzangano liswa la CBNRM.  Dzangano li toda vhathu vha bvaho kha zwigwada zwo fhambanaho kha tshitshavha.  Vhathu kha dzangano vha tea u fhulufhedzea, nahone vha vhe vhathu vhane vha shuma nga maanda.  Vha tea u ranga phanda thandela vha tshi khou ita uri tshitshavha tshothe tshi vhuelwe.  Hune zwa konadzea, kha vha dzhenise na Vhakhantshelara vha muvhuso wapo na vhaofisisri kha thandela—mishumo yavho ndi ya ndeme. 

4.	Kha vha bvele khagala nga ha zwine thandela ya do ita zwone kha tshitshavha. Kha vha ite zwauri mu¥we na mu¥we a tende malugana na zwine thandela ya do ita zwone.   Kha vha vhee ndivho dzi re khagala na dzine dza swikelea na u tanganedzea.  Kha vha vhone zwauri ndivho dzi a konadzea—vha songo edzisa u ita zwithu zwine zwa sa konadzee.  Kha vha vhone zwauri vhashumisani navho vhothe vhane vha bva nnda— u fana na muvhuso, dziNGO na vhashumisani vha mabindu— vha a pfesesa ndivho dzavho. 

5.	Kha vha dzhiele nzhele mbuelo dzo fhambanaho.  Dzi¥we mbuelo dzi do da nga u tavhanya.  Dzi¥we dzi nga dzhia mi¥waha minzhi u dzi swikelela. Vhunzhi ha vhathu vha do takalela dzine dza tavhanya, dza tshifhinga tshipfufhi—nga maanda mbuelo dza tshelede.  Fhedzi ndi zwa ndeme u talutshedza zwavhudi kha mu¥we mu¥we uri mbuelo dza tshifhinga tshilapfu ndi dzifhio.  Hedzi dzi angaredza: 

!	fhethu ha khwine ha u dzula hone—mavu, madi, zwimela na phukha zwi do tsireledzwa hu tshi itelwa vhone na mirafho i daho
!	Pfunzo na zwikili kha mirado ya tshitshavha
!	Tshumisano yavhudi kha tshitshavha, na kha vhashumisani vha nnda
!	ndila dza khwine dza u shumisa mavu
!	ndila nnzhi dza u wana tshelede



                         Ngeletshedzo kha zwitshavha	51

!	thikhedzo nnzhi i bvaho nnda—hu tshi angaredzwa na muvhuso, vhalambedzi na dziNGO
!	u wana vhune na pfanelo dza mavu na zwishumiswa
!	tsireledzo ya mavu kha u shushedzwa hu bvaho nnda
!	u swikelela dzilounu
!	u khwathisa mvelele na ndeme dza vhurereli na mvelele. 
U wana mbuelo dzothe hedzi a zwi nga leluwi—zwi amba uri hu tea u vha na u shumesa nga maanda nga dzangano na nga tshitshavha. 

6.	CBNRM i nga si tandulule thaidzo dzothe kha tshitshavha. CBNRM i nga bveledza mbuelo nnzhi kha tshitshavha, fhedzi i nga si tandulula thaidzo dzothe.  Sa tsumbo i nga si fhe mu¥we na mu¥we mushumo.  Mu¥we na mu¥we u tea u pfesesa hezwi zwavhudi—ngauralo vha nga pfa vhutungu nga maanda.  CBNRM i tou vha i¥we ya ndila dzine dza thusa u tandulula dzithaidzo idzi.  Vhathu vha tea u bvela phanda na mishumo yavho.  Nga murahu ha tshifhinga, thandela dza CBNRM dzi do bveledza mishumo miswa. 

7.	Vha¥we vhathu vha do shela mulenzhe u fhira vha¥we—vha tea u badelwa zwavhudi.  Mi¥we mirado ya tshitshavha i do shuma nga maanda u fhira vha¥we kha thandela nahone vha tea u badelwa zwavhudi.  Ngauri CBNRM i do disa tshanduko kha ndila ine vhathu vha ita zwithu, vhathu vha nga fhelelwa nga mi¥we miholo yavho.  Sa tsumbo, vhathu vha nga si kone u rea khovhe nnzhi lwanzheni, kana khuni nnzhi dzi bvaho dakani.  Vhathu avha vha tea u wana ndambedzo—khamusi nga u wana mushumo kha thandela.  Kha vha vhone zwauri mu¥we na mu¥we u a pfesesa hezwi u bva mathomoni—ngauralo hu nga vha na khudano nga murahu.

DZINGELETSHEDZO 

52
8.	Kha vha lavhelele khudano.  Kha tshigwada tshi¥we na tshi¥we tsha vhathu, nga maanda musi hu na tshelede kana dzi¥we mbuelo dzi kwameaho, kana hu na milayo ya uri ndi zwishumiswa zwingana zwine vhathu vha nga zwi shumisa, hu do vha na dzikhudano vhukati havho.  Kha vha diimisele hezwi, vha edzise u shumisana navho phanda ha musi vha tshi zwi dzhiela ntha. Kha vha vhudze vhathu tshifhinga tshothe nahone vha tshetshelese dzimbilaelo dzavho na dzithaidzo.  Kha vha shume na vhathu zwavhudi. 

9.	Kha vha ite zwauri mu¥we na mu¥we a divhe mushumo wawe na vhudifhinduleli. Kha vha dzule vha tshi fara mitangano u itela uri mu¥we na mu¥we a divhe zwine a do ita zwone. Kha mulayotewa wa dzangano lavho, kha vha bule zwavhudi zwine mu¥we na mu¥we a do shuma zwone na vhudifhinduleli hawe. 

10.	Kha vha divhadze mu¥we na mu¥we.  Hu tea u vha na vhudavhidzano havhudi vhukati ha mu¥we na mu¥we a kwameaho tshifhinga tshothe, vhothe vha re kha tshitshavha na vhashumisani vha nnda.  Hezwi zwi do itea kha mitangano ya tshifhinga tshothe na kha mivhigo, dziwekishopo, kha marifhi na ndivhadzo ya tshitshavha—na kha u davhidzana havho ha duvha li¥we na li¥we na vhathu.  Kha vha vhudze vhathu zwine zwa khou itea na u thetshelesa mihumbulo yavho.  Hezwi zwi do vha thusa uri vha tandulule dzithaidzo phanda ha musi dzi tshi aluwa dza vha khudano khulu. 

11.	Kha vha divhadze vhathu uri vha tshipida tsha lifhasi. Mbekanyamushumo dza CBNRM dzi khou itea hothe-hothe kha lifhasi, hu si kha vhupo havho fhedzi.  Kha vha vhudze vhathu ngazwo—vhashumisani navho vha NGO vha do kona u vha fha mafhungo manzhi.  Vhathu vha tea u divha nga ha milayo ya Afrika Tshipembe na dzipholisi dzine dza kwama CBNRM, na pfano dze muvhuso wa Afrika Tshipembe wa dzi saina na mashango a lifhasi. Pfano idzi dzi amba zwauri Afrika Tshipembe li do shuma u tsireledza zwishumiswa zwa mupo na u khwinisa vhutshilo ha vhathu vhane vha shumisa zwishumiswa zwa mupo. 


Ngeletshedzo kha vhashumi	53
TSHIPIDA TSHA 6 
NGELETSHEDZO DZA U SHUMA DZA  FUMITHIHI KHA VHASHUMI VHA  CBNRM 




Vhashumi ndi vhane vha shuma kha thandela dza CBNRM duvha li¥we na li¥we nahone vha na zwikili zwa u thusa kha u thoma dzithandela dza CBNRM.   Vha angaredza vhathu vhane vha shuma kha dziNGO, mazhendedzi ane a lambedza, vhatodisisi na vhaofisiri vha kha mihasho ya muvhuso ine ya kwamea nga CBNRM.  Mishumo yavho ndi ya u thusa tshitshavha u thoma na u tshimbidza dzithandela dzavho dza CBNRM.  Ngeletshedzo idzi dzo itelwa vhone. 

1.	Ndila nnzhi dza u kona u tshila.  Zwitshavha zwi na ndila dzo fhambanaho dza u wana tshelede u bva kha mavu na zwishumiswa. Hezwi ndi zwa ndeme nga maanda—zwi amba zwauri zwifhingani zwi kondaho vha nga si ditike nga ndila dzi si gathi dza u kona u tshila.  Vha tea u vhona zwauri vhathu vha bvela phanda na u vha na ndila nnzhi dzi sa gumi dza u kona u tshila.  Thandela ya CBNRM i tea u disa mishumo miswa kha vhathu. 

2.	Kha vha langule na u lavhelesa zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwavhudi.  Mutheo wa zwishumiswa zwa mupo—mavu, madi, zwimela na phukha—ndi zwone zwa ndeme kha thandela ya CBNRM. Arali mutheo uyu wa fheliswa, a hu vhi na CBNRM.  Phanda ha musi thandela i¥we na i¥we ya CBNRM i tshi thoma, vha toda mafhungo a vhukuma na uri zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwi khou shumiswa hani (hu shumiswa mini, zwi shumiselwa mini, ndi nnyi a no zwishumisa, ndi zwingafhani nahone zwi shumiswa lini).  Vha tea u divha u bveledzwa ha ikhosisiteme—ndi zwishumiswa zwingana zwine zwa do shumiswa phanda ha musi zwi tshi tshinyadzwa.

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Kha vha ite pulane ya u langula vha elelwe zwauri vhadzulapo ndi vha ndeme kha pulane nahone vha tea u vha dzhenisa u bva mathomoni.  Kha vha thome nga zwa ndeme, pulane yo bveledzwaho henefho, sethe ya milayo na mulayotewa, vha fhate khazwo.  Kha vha wane ngeletshedzo ya tshipentshela, fhedzi kha vha vhone zwauri pulane i khou swikelela thodea dza vhupo.  Kha vha pulane uri vha humisela murahu mbuelo dzi bvaho kha dzithandela dza CBNRM kha u thogomela zwishumiswa zwa mupo. Tshenzhemo yo sumbedza zwauri 10% u swika kha 20% ya mbuelo yo tea.  Tshivhalo tsha vhukuma tshi do fhambana u bva kha zwishumiswa na zwine thandela ya bveledza zwone. 

3.	Kha vha dzhiele nzhele zwauri thandela i¥we na i¥we ya  CBNRM yo fhambana na dzi¥we. A si tshifhinga tshothe hune vha nga shumisa zwe vha zwi ita kha i¥we thandela ya CBNRM.  Kha vha pfesese vhuimo ha vhupo na nzulelele ya zwithu vha shumise matshimbidzele avho nga ndila yo teaho.  Vhadzulapo vha na ndila dzavho dza u ita zwithu— kha vha thonifhe hezwi vha gude na uri vha nga shuma hani afho fhethu.  Kha vha thome milayo ya henefho na ndila ya vhudifari ine vhathu vha khou andana nayo.  Ngeno vha tshi khou dzhiela ntha dzipholisi dza lushaka, vundu na dza vhupo dza matshimbidzele na u dzi shumisa nga ndila i vhuedzaho.  A hu na ndila ine yo tou ¥waliwaho ine ya tea u tevhedzwa kha CBNRM.  Kha vha shumise ngudo dza tshenzhemo ya fhiraho. 

4.	Kha vha fhate dzangano lapo.  Tshitshavha ndi tshone vhane vha mbekanyamushumo ya CBNRM.  Tshitshavha ndi tshone vhane vhane dzangano la CBNRM nahone tshi tea u langula na u ita tsheo.  Arali zwi tshi konadzea kha vha shumise dzangano line la vha hone.  Fhedzi arali hu si na lo teaho, nahone lo khwathaho, hu tea u thomiwa dzangano liswa la CBNRM.  Mu¥we wa mishumo yavho mihulwane ndi ya u nekedza vhashumi vha re na vhukoni—u thusedza dzangano lapo hu na thikhedzo yo teaho na vhugudisi uri vha kone u ita mushumo.  Thikhedzo yavho i tea u bvela phanda kha u fhata dzangano lo khwathaho line la do kona u langula thandela ya CBNRM .	
DZINGELETSHEDZO

	Ngeletshedzo kha vhashumi	55

5.	Kha vha vhone zwauri CBNRM i khou bveledza mbuelo dza vhukuma, zwa zwino na tshifhinga tshidaho, kha vhadzulapo.  Mbuelo dza CBNRM kha vhadzulapo dzi tea u edana na mutengo wa u tshimbidza mbekanyamushumo ya CBNRM.  Vhadzulapo vha tshila vhe na mishumo minzhi, nahone mavu a khou tahela.  A vho ngo diimisela u fha mavu afho na tshifhinga tshavho kha CBNRM nga nnda ha musi zwi tshi tou vha khagala, zwauri vha do vhuelwa.  Kha vha vhone zwauri thandela dza CBNRM dzi na pulane yo teaho ya bindu na khonadzeo i vhonalaho ya u bvela phanda.  Hezwi zwi angaredza u vhona uri hu na makete wa zwibveledzwa kana tshumelo ine ya bveledzwa nga dzithandela dza CBNRM.  Pulane i tea u angaredza ndila ya u lavhelesa tshiimo tsha zwibveledzwa— thundu dzi songo itiwaho zwavhudi a dzi nga rengisiwi! 

6.	Kha vha shumise vhatshimbidzi vho funzeaho na vha¥we vhatikedzi na vhaeletshedzi vhane vha nga fhulufhedzisa liga li¥we na li¥we. Ndivho ndi ya uri vhathu vhane vha tshimbidza thandela ya CBNRM hu si na thikhedzo i bvaho nnda, fhedzi izwi zwi nga dzhia tshifhinga tshilapfu.  Kha ma¥we masia, tshumelo ya tshipentshela (i fanaho na u maketa) i nga nekedzwa nga mushumisani wa nnda.  Hezwi zwi bvelela kha u tshimbidza mabindu manzhi.  Hune zwa konadzea kha vha dzhenise vhathu vha vhupo honoho vhane vha vha na zwikili nahone hune ha si vhe na vhathu vha re na zwikili vha bvaho kha vhupo honoho. Kha vha pulane uri hu vhe na u gudiswa ha vhathu vha vhupo nga u tavhanya. 

7.	Kha vha vhone zwauri pfanelo dza vhathu dzi a dzheniswa kha CBNRM.  Kha vha dzhenise vhathu vha re na zwikili, mafulufulu na vhukoni ha u shuma zwavhudi na vha¥we. Hu tea u vha na ‘makone” kana murangaphanda wa mushumo mu¥we na mu¥we muhulwane kha thandela.  Hezwi zwi tea u tou ralo kha dzangano la tshitshavha na kha vhashumisani vha nnda sa mihasho ya muvhuso na dziNGO.  Hune zwa konadzea, kha vha fhate vharangaphanda vha vhupo—kha vha fhe vhathu vha si na tshenzhemo vhudifhinduleli na vhugudisi na u vha tikedza.


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8.	Kha vha lavhelele khudano na u lwela maanda, nahone vha zwi pulanele u bva mathomoni. Tshitshavha tshi¥we na tshi¥we tshi a lwela maanda.  Vha tea u pfesesa polotiki dza u lwela maanda kha vhupo honoho u itela uri vha kone u tandulula khudano musi dzi tshi itea.  Vha nga lavhelela khudano tshifhinga tshi¥we na tshi¥we kha mbekanyamushumo ya CBNRM fhedzi nga maanda musi i tshi thoma u bveledza mbuelo. Kha pulane yavho, kha vha humbulele masia ane a nga vha hone a khudano na ndila dza u dzi tandulula dzine mu¥we na mu¥we a do dzi tevhedza. 

9.	Kha vha fhate vhushaka na vhashumisani vha nnda na u shuma nga maanda kha u vhu vhulunga.  Kha vha shumisane na madzangano ma¥we kha muvhuso na sekhitha dza phuraivete, na u dzi fha tshantsi. Kha vha vhone zwauri na one a vhuelwa kha u shumisana navho, fhedzi kha vha zwi divhe zwauri izwi zwi nga ita uri hu vhe na thaidzo ntswa.  Musi vhashumisani vha nnda vha tshi kwamea kha zwipida zwihulwane zwa thandela, u fana na u kana zwishumiswa, kha vha shumisane nazwo kha u langula mishumo yazwo na u sumbedza zwitshavha uri zwi nga shumisana hani na vhashumisani nazwo.
10.	Kha vha ite mugaganyagwama wavhudi. Thandela dza CBNRM dzi kwama ndangulo yo tanganelanaho. Ndangulo ya u tanganelana i a dura nga maanda, na u dzhia tshifhinga, u fhira ndangulo ya vhukuma. Hezwi zwi itiswa ngauri tshifhinga tshi¥we na tshelede zwi a todea u ita zwauri hu vhe na u shela mulenzhe kha mushumo.  Fhedzi zwi shuma zwavhudi nga murahu, nga maanda kha thandela dza tshitshavha.  Vha tea u vhona zwauri vha a zwi dzhenisa kha mugaganyagwama. 
11.	Kha vha bvele khagala na u fhulufhedzea.  Kha vha fhedze tshifhinga tshinzhi vha tshi khou fara therisano nahone arali hu na u sa pfana, kha vha edzise u wana thandululo i fushaho kha mu¥we na mu¥we. Kha vha talutshedze nga ha thandela zwavhudi kha mu¥we na mu¥we musi vha tshi thoma. Kha vha tutuwedze u bvela khagala, u vhudzisa mbudziso na u rerisana tshifhinga tshothe.  Kha vha vhone zwauri mihumbulo ya mu¥we na mu¥we i a dzhielwa ntha kha pulane dza matshelo. 


Ngeletshedzo kha vhaitapholisi	57
TSHIPIDA TSHA 7 
NGELETSHEDZO DZA U SHUMA DZA FUMIRARU KHA VHAITI VHA PHOLISI





Vhaiti vha pholisi ndi vhathu vha re muvhusoni vhane vha ita milayo na dzipholisi dzine dza kwama CBNRM.  Ngeletshedzo idzi ndi dzavho. 

1.	Kha vha dzhenise tshitshavha nahone kha vha tendele maitele maswa.  Kha vha dzhenise tshitshavha musi vha tshi kha di tou thoma kha u ita pholisi. Nahone ndi vhone vhashumisi na vhatsireledzi vha zwishumiswa zwa mupo. Hune zwa konadzea, kha vha dzhenise ndivho ya sialala kha dzipholisi.  Kha vha diimisele u ita dzitshanduko kha dzipholisi arali tshenzhemo ine ya vha hone i tshi khou sumbedza uri tshanduko i a todea. 

2.	Mabammbiri a dzipholisi a tea u leluwa u a pfesesa na u leluwa u a wana. Kha vha vhone zwauri dzipholisi dzo ¥waliwa nga luambo lu pfalaho. Dzikhophi dza ma¥walo a pholisi dzi tea u vha hone kha mu¥we na mu¥we ane a kwamea kha thandela ya CBNRM.  Hune zwa konadzea, kha vha pindululele ma¥walo a ye kha nyambo dza vhupo honoho. 













58 
3.	Dzipholisi dza lushaka na dza vundu dzi tea u fha mutheo wa milayo yapo.  Ndi zwa ndeme zwauri thandela dza CBNRM dzi livhanywe na dziIDP dza muvhuso wapo na wa vundu, ngauri IDP dzi tanganya mishumo yothe ya vhuponi.   IDP i dovha hafhu ya dzhiela ntha milayo ya kha lushaka na vundu, dzipholisi na dzimbekanyamishumo.  Ngauralo, muvhuso wapo u tea u shumisana na mbekanyamushumo ya CBNRM.  Khoro ya vhupo i tea u vhumba komiti ya CBNRM kana tshigwada tsha u shuma tshine tsha do shumisana na dzangano la CBNRM.  Nga murahu ha izwi, kha vha sie tshikhala tsha vhadzulapo uri vha ite milayo yavho, vha tshi khou shumisa ndivho ya kha vhupo na mvelele. 

4.	Kha vha livhe kha u do fhirisela maanda kha vhashumisi vha zwishumiswa vhone vhane. Musi mbekanyamushumo ya vhupo ya CBNRM i tshi khou shuma, na u vha na zwikili na vhugudisi, muvhuso wa u langula zwishumiswa u tea u iswa kha mbekanyamushumo.  Kha vha fhe vhathu tsireledzo ya tshifhinga tshilapfu na dzipfanelo kha zwishumiswa na mavu.  Vhathu vha tea u divha uri pfanelo kha mavu na zwishumiswa zwi tea u wanala phanda ha musi vha tshi di fha tshifhinga na tshelede ya u langula zwishumiswa zwavho. 

5.	Kha vha dzhenise mu¥we na mu¥we ane a do kwamea nga CBNRM. Mu¥we na mu¥we ane a kwamea nga ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa vhupo u tea u dzhenelela kha thandela ya CBNRM.  Hezwi zwi angaredza vharangaphanda vha sialala kha vhupo he khaho vha vha na vhupfiwa. 

6.	Muhasho mu¥we na mu¥we u tea u vhona zwauri milayo, dzipholisi na pfano dza kha vhupo zwi a tevhedzwa.  Mihasho i tea u lavhelesa dzimbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM u itela zwauri milayo na dzipholisi zwi khou tevhedzwa. Vha tea u lavhelesa mushumo wa vhaofisiri vha muvhuso u itela uri vha shume mishumo yavho zwavhudi. 





 Ngeletshedzo dza vhaitapolisi	59

7.	Dzipholisi dzi tea u vha na mano.  Dzifaini dzo teaho na dzi¥we ndifho zwi tea u vhewa musi milayo yo pfukiwa. Milifho i tea u khwathisa kha milandu ine ya dovhololwa. Vhaofisiri vhane vha vha hone vha tea u tendelwa uri vha shumise tsheo dzavho musi vha tshi khou shumisa mulayo. Kha vha divhe zwauri vhuimo vhu¥we na vhu¥we a vhu fani na vhu¥we. 

8.	Kha vha vhee nyimele dzi re khagala kha u fhirisela maanda kha vha¥we.  Tshitshavha tshi tea u divha zwine tsha tea u ita zwone uri tshi fhiwe maanda a u langula zwishumiswa zwa mupo.  Nyimele idzi dzi angaredza: u vha na ndangulo yo tou khethiwaho, u thoma tshiimiswa tshi fanaho na Trust, Communal Property Association kana Khethekanyo ya 21 ya khamphani; u sumbedza zwauri vha na zwikili zwa ndangulo na vhukoni; na u vha na sisiteme ya u lavhelesa. Thuso ya thekhinkhala i bvaho nnda i tea u nekedzwa u itela zwauri zwitshavha zwi nga tevhedza nyimele idzi. 

9.	U fhata vhukoni. Kha vha wane na u ita zwauri vha shumise ndila dzo teaho dza u lambedza vhugudisi uri vhugudisi kha zwikili zwi todeaho vhu kone u nekedzwa kha vhashumisi vha kha vhupo kha u langula zwishumiswa zwavho.  Kha pulane dzavho kha vha ite zwauri tshelede dzo vhetshelwa thungo dza vhugudisi ho teaho.  Vhugudisi vhu nga todea kha vhaofisiri vha masipala uri vha kone u nekedza thikhedzo yo teaho kha mbekanyamushumo ya CBNRM.

10.	Kha vha fhelise mikano vhukati ha mihasho.  Muhasho mu¥we na mu¥we kana mazhendedzi a tea u divha nga ha mishumo yao kha CBNRM.  U kona u tshimbidza mihasho ya muvhuso i kwameaho kha mishumo ya CBNRM, dziforamu dzo fhambanaho dzi tea u thomiwa hu na vhaimeleli vha bvaho kha vhashumisani vhothe.  Hedzi dzi nga vha dziforamu dza u engedzedza kana dzikomiti—dzo vhetshelwaho dzithandela dzo teaho kana dzimbekanyamishumo dzine dza do fheliswa musi dzo swikelela ndivho dzo teaho. 

60 
11.	Kha vha wane mafhungo o teaho phanda ha musi vha tshi saina pfano ya fomala. Phanda ha musi vha tshi saina pfano na dzithandela dza CBNRM, mihasho ya muvhuso i tea u vhona zwauri dzithandela dzi na masheleni a edanaho na uri hu do vha na mbuelo nga u vhulunga zwishumiswa zwa mupo. Vha tea u vhona zwauri thandela ndi ya lushaka lwa CBNRM. 

12.	Kha vha ite zwauri zwi lelutshele zwitshavha u vhuelwa nga tshelede zwi tshi bva kha CBNRM. Muvhuso u nga dzhia maga u vhona zwauri zwi a lelutshela zwitshavha u wana tshelede kha mbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM.  Sa tsumbo, thundu ine ya rengisea i nga fhiriselwa kha tshitshavha; zwitshavha zwi nga fhiwa thendelo ya u bvisa dziphemiti kana tsha rendisela zwigwada zwa nnda (zwi fanaho na mabindu a phuraivete) u shumisa zwishumiswa nga fhasi ha vhu¥we vhuimo.   Kha vha sedze nga ha u vha mulayoni na u bvela phanda ha pfano idzo vhukati ha zwitshavha ma dzisekitha dza phuraivete. 

13.	Kha vha khwathisedze mbuelo dzine dzi si vhe dza tshelede. Mbuelo dzi si dza tshelede ndi dza ndeme kha mbekanyamushumo dza CBNRM.  Idzo dzi angaredza: 

!	U tsireledzwa hu re mulayoni ha mavu kha u shushedzwa hu bvaho nnda
!	Thikhedzo ya thekhinikhala kha mishumo ya ndangulo ya vhadzulapo
!	U tshimbidza dzitshumelo
!	U swikelela dzilounu na dzi¥we tshelede dza bindu
!	U khwathiswa ha ndeme dza mvelele na dza zwa vhurereli.












 																																																																																			61
Mutevhe wa zwidodombedzwa zwa vhukwamani
Guidelines Task Team
Muhasho wa zwa Mupo na Vhuendelamashango
General switchboard:	(012) 310 3911
Vho - Fhatuwani Tshivhase 	(012) 310 3390

GTZ	L: (012) 342 3174
                                                F: (012) 342 3178

Development Alternatives Inc. (DAI)
Limpopo Transfrontier Natural	L: (013) 752 4497
Resource Management:	F: (013) 752 4367

Rhodes University: Department of Environmental Science 
Vho - Christo Fabricius	(046) 603 8592/8614

Resource Africa 
Vho - Kule Chitepo	L: (011) 782 9212
                                                F: (011) 782 9211

South African National Parks (SANPARKS)
Vho - Busi Gcabashe	L: (012) 426 5189
                                                F: (012) 426 5589
Mihasho ya Lushaka
Muhasho wa zwa Madi na Vhusimamiri
General switchboard:	(012) 336 7500/326 or 8264
Vho -  Lorraine Fich	(012) 336 8224
Vho - Vusi Skosana	(012) 336 7511
Vho - Simon Moganetse	(012) 336 7486

Muhasho wa zwa Mavu
General switchboard:	(012) 312 8911
Vho - Vernon Baloyi	(012) 312 9852

Muhasho wa zwa Vhulimi
General switchboard:	(012) 319 6000/7219
Vho - Keith Taylor	(012) 319 7687

Muhasho wa zwa Mavundu na Muvhuso Wapo
General switchboard:	(012) 334 0600
Vho - Josiah Lodi	(012) 321 3988

Muhasho wa zwa Minerale na Fulufulu
General switchboard:	(012) 322 7312
Vho - Elize Swart	(012) 317 9288

Mihasho ya Vunḓu 
Free State 
General switchboard number:	(051) 403 3719
Vho - Joseph Mofokeng	(058) 713 3487

Gauteng
General switchboard:	(011) 355 1900
Vho - Mary-Jean Gabriel	(011) 355 1367

Limpopo:
General switchboard:	(015) 298 7086
Vho - Andries Manoko	(015) 295 9300

Mpumalanga
General switchboard:	(013) 7666 020
Vho - Aaron Madonsela	(013) 7666 117

Kapa Devhula
General switchboard:	(053) 838 9102
Vho - Albert Mabunda	(053) 867 4802

Kapa vhubvaduvha
General switchboard:	(040) 609 3235
Vho - Sizwe Sokupa	(040) 609 4703

Devhula Vhukovhela:
General switchboard:	(018) 389 5146
Vho - Khosana Seobi	(018) 389 5724

KwaZulu Natal
General switchboard:	(033) 355 9112
Vho - Sphule Nowele	(033) 355 9689

Kapa Vhukovhela
General switchboard:	(021) 483 4093
Vho - Veronica Mukhasa	(021) 483 5012







DZINGELETSHEDZO


Contacts	63

DziNGO nnzhi na dziCBO dzo shelaho mulenzhe kha dziwekishopo dza vhukwamani na u tahisa mihumbulo kha ngeletshedzo.  Dzi¥we dzadzo dzo ¥waliwa kha mutevhe u re afho fhasi.  IUCN i nga kwamiwa uri hu wanela zwidodombedzwa zwa vha¥we vho shelaho mulenzhe. 

World Conservation Union (IUCN) 
Vho - Ridwana Jooma	L: (012) 342 8304/5
F: (012) 342 8289 

dziNGO na dziCBO 
Tshitshavha tsha Moruleng 
Vho - Grace Masuku	073 22 37545
Vho -  Lebo Diale vha nga kwamiwa kha Muhasho wa vundu wa Devhula Vhukovhela 

Tshitshavha tsha Bushbuckridge 
Resource Africa I nga kwamiwa. 

Tshitshavha tsha Mtentu 
NGO PondoCrop I nga kwamiwa: 
Justin Bend:	082 328 1768

Tshitshavha tsha Richtersveld 
Floors Strauss	083 457 1976
kana GTZ zwi nga kwamiwa 















NGELETSHEDZO


64 
Vhu¥we vhukwamani 

Kha vha shumise siatari ili kha u engedzedza vhu¥we vhukwamani: 








































DZINGELETSHEDZO 
