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﻿Maga a u thoma u shumiswa ha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwo thewaho kha tshitshavha (CBNRM) Afrika Tshipembe
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﻿Fulwana 2003
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﻿ZWI RE NGOMU
﻿TSHIPIDA TSHA 1   U PFESESA NGA CBNRM	1
﻿Naa CBNRM ndi mini	1
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﻿Zwithu zwa ndeme kha CBNRM							   1
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﻿Ndi lini hune CBNRM ya vha i songo tea					   2
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﻿Naa CBNRM ndi mini kha tshitshavha 					   2
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﻿Ma?we matshimbidzele a CBNRM						   3
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﻿CBNRM kha la tshipembe ha Afrika						   3
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﻿VHASHUMISANI NA VHANE VHA SHELA MULENZHE 			   4
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﻿Vhashumisani									   4
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﻿Vhashela mulenzhe vhahulwane						   4
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﻿U shumiswa ho tandavhuwaho ha CBNRM					   5
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﻿TSHIPIDA TSHA 1  MAGA A U THUSA						   9
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﻿Zwiitisi zwa u bveledza maga a u thusa					   9
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﻿Ndivho na mushumo wa maga aya a u thusa				 10
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﻿Maga a u thusa a nga shumiswa hani nahone lini				 11
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﻿MILAYO YA NDEME NA DZIKHAEDU DZA CBNRM				 12
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﻿Milayo ya u shuma									 12
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﻿Dzikhaedu										 13
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﻿MILAYO YA U THUSA, U SHUMISA MILAYO	 14
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﻿Tshivhalo tsha zwithu zwo fhambanaho zwine zwa shandukisa
﻿vhutshilo na zwitirathedzhi							 14
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﻿Vhutshilo na zwitirathedzhi zwi a tsireledzwa				 14
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﻿Khonadzeo ya vhubveledzi ha zwishumiswa yo livhiswaho 
﻿kha u tsireledza kana u  khwinisa						 15
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﻿Zwiimiswa zwa muvhuso wapo na shango na ndangulo
﻿ya zwishumiswa zwi hone, nahone zwi khou shuma zwavhudi		 16
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﻿Mbuelo dza ikonomi na dzi?we, dza u nekedza kushumiselwe
﻿kwavhudi kwa ikonomi, dzi hone						 19
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﻿Hu na dzipholisi dzi shumaho zwavhudi na milayo i a shumiswa
﻿nahone maanda a iswa kha vhuimo ha fhasisa hune ha vha na vhukoni	 20
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﻿Hu na u tshimbidza mushumo ha ndeme nahone ho khwathaho 
﻿hu bvaho nnda									 22
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﻿Vhushaka ha vhuimo ha  maanda apo ho tea kha CBNRM,
﻿na u pfesesa 									 24
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﻿MILAYO YA KUSHUMELE KWA TSHITSHAVHA, VHASHUMI
﻿NA VHAITI VHA DZIPHOLISI KHA CBNRM					 25
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﻿Milayo ya fumi ya kushumele kha mu?we na mu?we			 25
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﻿Milayo ya fumimbili ya kushumele kwa zwitshavha				 27
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﻿Milayo ya fumimbili ya vhashumi						 30
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﻿Milayo ya mahumi mararu ya vhaiti vha dzipholisi				 32
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﻿BUGU DZO SHUMISWAHO NA DZA U BVELA PHANDA NA U VHALA	 34
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﻿THUMETSHEDZO YA 1 CBNRM i 'shuma hani'				 37
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﻿TSHIPIDA TSHA 1. U PFESESA CBNRM
﻿Naa CBNRM ndi mini?
﻿Ndangulo ya Zwishumiswa zwa Mupo yo thewaho kha Tshitshavha (Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM)) ndi ya nga ha vhushaka vhukati ha vhathu, zwiimiswa zwavho, kutshilele kwavho na zwishumiswa zwa mupo.  CBNRM i kombetshedza u shumiswa havhudi ha zwishumiswa zwa mupo, i khwinisa vhutshilo ha vhathu.  Ndi ngona ya zwivhumbeo zwapo zwo fhambanaho kha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo.  Ndi ngona yo tandavhuwaho ya u bveledza vhupo ha mahayani, i angaredzaho ndila dzo fhambanaho dza kushumele dzine dza angaredza zwitshavha zwine zwa kwamea kha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa na u vhulunga mupo.
﻿
﻿Ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo yo thewaho kha tshitshavha (CBNRM) ndi ndila ya u bvela phanda ine ya kombetshedza u shumiswa zwavhudi ha zwishumiswa zwa mupo.  I alusa mvelaphanda kha vhupo ha mahayani, nga maanda kha vhupo ha vhupo ha tshitshavha, hu na u shela mulenzhe nga vhadzulapo.  Ndivho yayo ndi ya u fhungudza vhushai kha vhupo ha mahayani nga u bveledza mbuelo dzo vhalaho dza kutshilele, ikonomi na zwimela kha vhathu.  I vhulunga zwishumiswa zwa mupo nga alusa tshitshavha uri tshi langule zwishumiswa zwatsho.
﻿Zwithu zwa ndeme kha CBNRM
﻿CBNRM i na ndivho tharu khulwane: 
﻿1. U khwinisa kutshilele na vhudi ha kutshilele kha vhutshilo ha vhathu, na u thusa u fhungudza vhushai kha vhupo ha mahayani
﻿2. U shumisa nga vhutali u vhulungwa ha zwishumiswa zwa mupo na dziekhosisiteme
﻿3. U alusa zwitshavha zwa kha vhupo ha mahayani uri zwi kone u diitela tsheo dzazwo ine ya kwama u shumiswa ha zwishumiswa zwa mupo.
﻿
﻿Zwine zwa wanala kha CBNRM ndi zwauri:
﻿* I tanganya  mafhungo a ikonomi, kutshilele, na zwimela
﻿* U tanganya mafhungo, a ndivho ya vhupo honoho na vhunzhi ha ndivho ya ?tshisaintsi? 
﻿* I ditika tshothe kha u shela mulenzhe ha vhathu vha vhupo honoho Kha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo, na vhune ha vhathu vha henefho kha zwishumiswa zwa mupo
﻿* I fha mbuelo dzi bvaho kha zwishumiswa, u tutuwedza vhathu uri vha langule zwishumiswa zwa mupo nga vhutali
﻿* U ranga phanda kha milayo ya kha vhupo honoho na khoudu ya vhudifari kha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo
﻿* I tikedzwa nga vhashumisani vhukati ha vhathu vha vhupo honoho, muvhuso, thikhedzo i bvaho nnda, vhatshimbidzi nahone nga tshi?we tshifhinga nga vhalambedzi.
﻿
﻿?U tanganedzwa sa CBNRM ??, sisiteme ya zwishumiswa i tea u vha yo livhiswa kha ndivho ya u fusha thodea dzi tevhelaho:
﻿? I tea u angaredza muhumbulo wa u shumela tshitshavha, une wa hanedzana na wa phuraivete, u shumiswa ha zwishumiswa;
﻿? I tea u vha ine ya bvela phan?a, u ya nga ekhosisiteme na u vhulunga  biyodaivesithi, khonadzeo ya ikonomi, vhutsila na vhukoni, na khonadzeo ya politiki ya kutshilele;
﻿? Mbuelo dzi bvaho kha kushumisele kwa zwishumiswa i tea u shumiswa nga ndila i edanaho kha tshitshavha;
﻿? Zwishumiswa zwine zwa langa sisiteme ya zwishumiswa zwi tea u vha kha tshiimo tsha dimokrasi.? (Bell 1999).
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﻿Ndi lini hune CBNRM ya vha i songo tea?
﻿Musi CBNRM yo tea na u vha na mushumo kha vhuimo vhunzhi, hu na vhu?we vhuimo hune khaho ha vha na khonadzeo ya mvelaphanda, na hune CBNRM ya si vhe yone ine ya nga tandulula thaidzo. Vhuimo uhu vhu anzela u vhonala nga zwi?we kana nga zwithu zwothe zwi tevhelaho:
﻿* Zwishumiswa zwone zwine zwi a konda na u vha kha tshiimo tsha khombo kha u thithiswa hu?we na hu?we kana u sa shumiswa zwavhudi.
﻿* Zwitshavha ndi zwa ndeme nga maanda, u sa dzulisea, kana zwo dinwaho nga dziphambano.
﻿* Zwitshavha zwi na divhazwakale ya fomala kana pfanelo kha zwishumiswa.
﻿* A hu na khonadzeo ya vhukuma ya mbuelo dzo khwathaho kha tshitshavha.
﻿* Mihasho ya muvhuso i na vhukoni ho teaho, kana lutamo lwa u bveledza, kha tikedzo ya tshifhinga tshilapfu.
﻿Naa CBNRM ndi mini kha tshitshavha?
﻿Kha kuhumbulele kwa Afrika Tshipembe, ?tshitshavha? kha CBNRM zwi amba 
﻿* Zwigwada zwa vhathu, nga maanda vhane vha vha na dzangalelo  
﻿* Vhane vha ditika tshothe nga zwishumiswa zwa mupo, nga ma?we maipfi, zwishumiswa zwa mupo u bva kha ndivho khulwane ya ndaka ya vhutshilo
﻿* Vhane vha langula shango na zwishumiswa nga u angaredza, nahone vhe vha thoma zwiimiswa zwa u tikedza ndangulo ya zwishumiswa izwi.
﻿
﻿U bva kha kuvhonele kwa tshitshavha ?tshitshavha? zwi nga vhonala sa zwine zwa amba ?zwine zwa vhuedza zwitshavha? (zwigwada zwine zwa vha na ndivho dzi fanaho) zwine zwi nga si kone u tshila fhethu huthihi sa tshithu tshithihi ?zwitshavha zwa divhashango? zwine zwa tshila fhethu huthihi.  
﻿
﻿Nangwe hu uri CBNRM i tshi tea u angaredza na u vhuedza muthu mu?we na mu?we kha tshitshavha tshothe tshine tsha tshila henefho na u shumisa zwishumiswa zwa mupo, ngoho ndi ya uri tshifhinga tshinzhi hu anzela u vha tshipida tshituku tsha vhathu vhane vha vha na dzangalelo na u toda u shela mulenzhe kha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo.  Tshifhinga tshinzhi zwi a itea uri musi hu tshi thoma u bveledzwa zwithu vhathu vhanzhi vha a tutuwedzea na u shela mulenzhe.
﻿Ma?we matshimbidzele a CBNRM
﻿Tsumbo ya ngona dzo fhambanaho:
﻿* Thandela dzine dza tikedza zwitshavha zwa mahayani uri zwi bveledze dzi?we ndila dza kutshilele u fana na u khwinisa maitele a vhulimi, kana u bveledza mabindu matuku hu u itela u fhungudza kana u fhelisa u ?itika nga zwi?we zwishumiswa zwa mupo (madaka na zwi?we).
﻿* Zwithu zwiswa zwine zwa alusa zwitshavha uri zwi bveledze ndila dza vhutali u fana na u vhea tshivhalo tsha khano ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo (khovhe, mitshelo na zwi?we).
﻿* Thuso ya u bveledza vhutsila ha zwitshavha kha u shumiswa ha zwishumiswa zwa mupo ?zwine zwa si li?we? (nga vhuendelamashango na zwi?we).
﻿* Pfano dza ndangulo yo tanganelanaho, kontiraka dza dziphakha na nyandano ya u fhirisela shango kha mu?we muthu hune zwitshavha zwa vha vhashumisani kha u vhulunga nga murahu ha u bvelela kha u vhulunga murahu shango lo tsireledzwaho kha shango le vha pfuluswa kha?o kale.
﻿* U bveledza ndangulo na vhukoni ha zwitshavha kha u langula zwishumiswa zwavho nga ndila ya khwine.
﻿CBNRM kha la Tshipembe ha Afrika
﻿Nangwe hu uri maga aya a u thusa a shuma fhedzi kha la Afrika Tshipembe,  CBNRM ndi tshipida tsha dzangano line la khou aluwa kha lothe la Afrika Tshipembe.  Vhunzhi ha mashango a vhahura o bveledza mbekanyamishumo dzao dzine dza tumana na tsireledzo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo na ndangulo, na u vhuelwa nga zwitshavha. Mbekanyamishumo idzi dzi khou edzisa hafhu u elana na sisiteme ya u vha na ndaka na u shumiswa ha sialala kha zwishumiswa zwa mupo kha sisiteme ya fomala na zwiimiswa.  Dzi?we tsumbo ndi hedzi:
﻿* U thomiwa ha CAMPFIRE ngei Zimbabwe
﻿* Luangwa Integrated Development Project ngei Zambia
﻿* Mbekanyamushumo ya Conservancy and Living in a Finite Environment (LIFE) ngei Namibia
﻿* Mbekanyamishumo dza u tanganelana (u shumisana) dza ndangulo ya zwipuka, sa tsumbo Mbekanyamushumo ya Ndangulo ya Zwishumiswa zwa Mupo (Natural Resource Management Programme (NRMP)) ngei Botswana na hu?we.
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﻿Vhunzhi ha u thomiwa ha CBNRM ho tumana na pfano dza lifhasi dze Muvhuso wa Afrika Tshipembe wa dzi saina.  Zwithu zwihulwane zwine zwa ?u?uwedza nyito dza CBNRM ndi Convention on Biological Diversity, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) na Convention to Combat Desertification (CCD). Mutevhe nga vhudalo wa milayo ya Afrika Tshipembe na dzipholisi yo buliwa kha Thumetshedzo ya 1.
﻿
﻿Nga fhasi ha pfano idzi, na dzi?we, Muvhuso wa Afrika Tshipembe u na mushumo wa u vhulunga kutshilele kwo tanganelanaho nga u angaredza, na tshivhalo tsha zwimela na zwipuka zwine zwa dzhiiwa zwi khomboni nga tshitshavha tsha u vhulunga tsha lifhasi.  U engedzedza kha thodea dza u vhulunga biodaivesithi yo pfumaho kha tshipida tsha dzango tsha tshipembe, hu na nyaluwo ya u dzhielwa ntha ya ndeme na biodaivesithi kha vhathu vhothe vha Afrika Tshipembe.  Hezwi a zwi wanali fhedzi kha ndeme ya ikonomi, zwi wanala hafhu na kha ndeme ya mvelele na zwithu zwa ndeme, na u vha ya ndeme kha tshiimo tsha vhutshilo ha vhathu vha vundu.
﻿Vhashumisani na vhashela mulenzhe
﻿Vhashumisani
﻿Ndila ntswa dzothe dza CBNRM dzine dza kwama u thomiwa ha tshumisano ya vhashumisani vhukati ha vhathu vho fhambanaho vhane vha shela mulenzhe. Tshumisano iyi i na zwivhumbeo zwo fhambanaho nahone ndi ya ndeme kha mvelaphanda kana kha u thoma zwi?we zwithu.  Tsumbo ya vhushaka uho i angaredza:
﻿* Vhukati ha zwitshavha zwo tanganelaho zwine zwa shumisa zwothe zwishumiswa zwa mupo ? madaka, madi, pfulo, mahatsi a u luka zwithu na zwi?we.
﻿* Vhukati ha zwitshavha zwa mahayani na sekitha dza mabindu ? nga maanda kha ?eco-tourism? na masia a fanaho
﻿* Vhukati ha mihasho ya muvhuso yo fhambanaho ine ya vha na dzangalelo kha kana vhudifhinduleli kha zwithu zwo fhambanaho zwa kha sia la zwishumiswa zwa mupo ? sa tsumbo shango na madi, kana madaka na zwishumiswa zwa madini
﻿* Vhukati ha zwitshavha, NGOs na mihasho ya muvhuso ? hune NGOs dza anzela u vhidzwa uri dzi tshimbidze maitele dzi tshi khou itela mihasho ya muvhuso.
﻿Vhashela mulenzhe vhahulwane
﻿Vhunzhi ha mbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM dzi kwama vhathu vho fhambanaho vhane vha shela mulenzhe vhane vha shumisana, mu?we na mu?we e na mushumo wawe na vhudifhinduleli kha matshimbidzele (mbekanyamishumo dzine dza kwama vhathu vhane vha shela mulenzhe vho fhambanaho vhane vha khou shumisana, nahone mu?we na mu?we e na mushumo wawe na vhudifhinduleli kha matshimbidzele (Tshifanyiso tsha 1).  Maga aya a u thusa o itelwa u thusa avho vhashela mulenzhe uri vha ite mishumo yavho na vhudifhinduleli havho zwavhudi:
﻿Zwigwada zwa vhupo ha mahayani ? zwi anzela u imelelwa nga zwiimiswa zwi re hone zwa tshitshavha na zwivhumbeo, kana nga zwe zwa itelwa u tshimbidza maitele a CBNRM.  Madzangano o livhiswaho kha tshitshavha (CBOs) a anzela u imelela zwigwada zwo teaho kha zwitshavha.
﻿Mazhendedzi a u tshimbidza ? nga maanda NGOs, vhatshimbidzi, kana vhaofisiri vha muvhuso vhane vha vha na mishumo yo teaho sa tsumbo, ?u tshimbidza mafhungo a tshitshavha?, ?u bveledza phanda tshitshavha? kana ?tshumelo ya tshitshavha?.  Mihasho ya dziyuniveasithi kana zwiimiswa zwa thodisiso zwo di wana zwi kha mushumo uyu.  Zwi shumisana tshothe na tshitshavha, lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu. 
﻿Vhashumisani vha kha sekhithara ya phuraivete ? vhunzhi havho vha kwamana na vhuendelamashango, vha ita uri mabindu na vhadivhi vha thekhinikhala, na zwishumiswa zwa masheleni.  
﻿Ndangulo ya Muvhuso wapo na wa Tshitiriki wa Masipala ? hezwi zwi na mushumo muhulu kha nyito na vhudifhinduleli ha muvhuso kha u thomiwa ha pholisi nnzhi dza lushaka dzine dza kwama kushumisele kwa zwishumiswa zwa mupo.  
﻿Mihasho ya Muvhuso wa Lushaka na wa vundu ? i anzela u thoma CBNRM sa ndila ya u shumisa pholisi dza lushaka dzine dza kwama ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo na u fhelisa vhushai, kana (zwo doweleaho nga maanda) u fhindula thodea dza vhathu vha kha vhupo honoho.  
﻿Mazhendedzi a vhalambedzi ? nga maanda madzangano a lifhasi ane a vha na dzangalelo lihulwane kha mvelaphanda ya mahayani na u vhulungiwa ha biodivesithi. 
﻿
﻿Maga aya a u thusa o livhiswa kha zwitshavha, zwi fanaho na vhashumi vha CBNRM, na vha?we vhabveledzi vha dzipholisi. Tshifanyiso tsha 1 tshi sumbedza vhathu vhane vha shela mulenzhe vhararu na vhudifhinduleli havho kha CBNRM.
﻿U shumiswa ho tandavhuwaho ha CBNRM
﻿CBNRM a si yone ndila i yothe ya vhatsireledzi na vhoramupo, nahone milayo ya CBNRM i nga shumiswa kha dzisekithara dzo fhambanaho.  Tsumbo dzi si gathi dza u tumekanya CBNRM kha masia o fhambanaho na dzisekitha o sumbedzwa afho fhasi.  Vhunzhi ha tsumbo idzi dzi kha di vha kha vhuimo ha u thoma ha mvelaphanda nahone hu na n?ila ndapfu ine dza tea u i tevhela  phanda ha musi dzi tshi nga amba nga ha mvelaphanda.
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﻿CBNRM i anzela u kwamana na u vhulunga, nga maanda kha vhuimo hune tshitshavha tsha ita uri shango li re hone li dzheniswe kha vhupo ho tsireledzeaho.  Shango li anzela u hadzimiwa kha zwitshavha nga mazhendedzi a u vhulunga, fhedzi vhunzhi ha zwitshavha na zwone zwi a shela mulenzhe kha ndangulo ya vhupo uho ho tsireledzwaho nga u shumisa ndangulo ya pfano.  Zwi?we zwitshavha zwo no bvela phanda, nga u vha na phukha dza daka na u vhulunga vhuendelamashango kha shango li re tsini na fhethu ho tsireledzwaho.  Kha vhusimamiri, (Participatory Forest Management kana PFM) ndi maitele a u vhulunga miri e a livhiswa kha u fha vhathu vha kha vhupo honoho maanda a u ita tsheo kha zwishumiswa zwa miri, na uri vha vhe na mbuelo i vhonalaho khavho.  Vhathu vha kha vhupo honoho vha nga ita khumbelo ya thendelo ya u lima hu?we fhethu henefho kha daka, nahone masheleni a hone a vha thusa kha u thoma mabindu ma?uku.
﻿
﻿Kha vhulimi, zwigwada zwa vhathu zwi nga vhumba tshumisano hune zwa langula na u rengisa zwibveledzwa zwa vhulimi kana zwifuwo zwothe khathihi, vha tshi khou wana thuso ya muvhuso na zwiimiswa zwi shumisanaho na muvhuso.  Hezwi zwi anzela u tshimbidzana na mbekanyamishumo dza u vhulunga shango dzi fanaho na u langula mukumbululo na u khwinisa shango.  Kha mbilo ya shango, zwitshavha zwine zwa khou vhila shango zwi anzela u toda thuso u itela uri shango le vha newa lone li vhe ?i tshi khou shumiswa nga ndila i bvelaho phanda nahone ine ya vhuedza.   Mashumele azwo a toda u bveledzwa nga khoso dza vhugudisi, nga u zwi tumekanya na vhaeletshedzi na vhashumisani vhamabindu.  CBNRM i nga shumiswa sa ndila ya u bvela phanda nga murahu ha mbilo ya shango, u angaredza milayo ya u bvela phanda na ndangulo ya mavu, ndangulo ya u pulana kushumisele kwa mavu, na mvelaphanda ya zwiimiswa zwa kha vhupo honoho zwine zwa shuma.
﻿
﻿CBNRM i dovha hafhu ya elana na vhaendelamashango na mvelaphanda ya ikonomi ya kha vhupo honoho, hune vhunzhi ha zwitshavha zwa vha zwo dzhenelela kha tshumisano kana dzi?we ndila dza tshumisano na vhathu vha itaho zwa vhuendelamashango.  Zwitshavha zwi anzela u rendisa vhupo he zwa newa hone nga muvhuso uri vha ite vhubindudzi, zwine zwa ita zwa u maketa, kana zwa dzhena kha pfano ya u kovhekana phurofiti na khamphani ya phuraivete ine ya do vha na vhudifhinduleli kha sia la pfano ya zwa u bindudza, ngeno tshitshavha tshi tshi khou thogomela zwishumiswa zwa mupo na sia la ndangulo ya mavu. Maitele a CBNRM a dovha hafhu a vha o tea kha ndangulo ya madini.  Zwitshavha zwi nga vha tshipida tsha Catchment Management Agencies, Users Associations kana zwa vhumba Catchment Management Forums. Hezwi zwi toda thikhedzo ya mazhendedzi a muvhuso a fanaho na Muhasho wa Mafhungo a Madi na Vhusimamiri (Dept of Water Affairs and Forestry (DWAF)) na Vhamasipala vha Zwitiriki. 
﻿
﻿Kha vhuimo ha muvhuso wapo, ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo ndi tshipida tsha ndeme tsha matshimbidzele a Pulane ya Mvelaphanda yo Tanganelanaho (Integrated Development Planning (IDP)), yo fhiwaho maanda nga Mulayo wa Sisiteme dza Masipala, na Zwitirathedzhi zwa Mvelaphanda ya Mahayani i Bvelaho phanda (Integrated Sustainable Rural Development Strategies). Zwithu zwihulwane kha maitele a IDP ndi: u fhungudza vhushai; mvelaphanda ya masipala i bvelaho phanda; na ndangulo ya vhupo. Hezwi zwi kwamana zwavhudi na ndivho dza CBNRM: u fhungudza vhushai; mvelaphanda ya zwiimiswa; na u shumiswa ha zwishumiswa zwa mupo hu bvelaho phanda.  Ndivho dza IDP na CNRM ngauralo ndi dza vhuthogwa.  Tshithu tsha vhuvhili kha maitele a IDP tshine tsha tumekana zwavhudi na CBNRM, ndi u bvelaphanda ha u langulwa na u pimiwa ho vhumbiwaho hu wanalaho kha IDP.  Ngona ya u guda na u tevhedzela hu todeaho kha maitele a IDP ane a fana na maitele a ndangulo ya u tevhedzela o buliwaho kha  CBNRM.   Ngauralo IDP i sumbedza konadzeo ya u humbulela phanda kha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa, kha vhuimo ha muvhuso wapo, kha masia ane khao zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwo vha zwi sa dzhielwi ntha kale (sa tsumbo, u fuwa zwifuwo tsini na dzidorobo kana dzilokhesheni, fhethu ho vuleaho dzidoroboni, na shango line la shumiwa nga vhathu vho fhambanaho vha re fhasi ha ndangulo ya masipala).
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﻿Ndi zwithu zwi pfisaho vhutungu uri zwiliwa zwi si na pfushi na malwadze a fanaho na HIV/AIDS zwi kwama mutakalo wa zwitshavha zwothe kha la Afrika Tshipembe.  Dzithaidzo dza mutakalo dzi na zwine dza bveledza kha zwithu zwo?he zwi kwamaho vhutshilo ha tshitshavha, na dzithandela dza CBNRM. Nangwe hu uri zwithu zwo thomiwaho zwa CBNRM zwi na zwine zwa mveledza kha thaidzo dza mutakalo kha tshitshavha, CBRNM i na vhukoni ha u bveledza thikhedzo yo teaho kha tshitshavha. Zwiimiswa na vhushaka vhune ha aluswa ha u tikedza nyito dza CBNRM zwi nga bveledza faundesheni ya u tandulula mafhungo a mutakalo.  CBNRM i nga kona hafhu u khwinisa tsireledzo kha zwiliwa na vhuimo ha pfushi kha zwitshavha, sa tsumbo nga ndangulo ya phukha na zwishumiswa zwa vhurea khovhe kha u bveledzwa ha phurotheini (protein) hu bvelaho phanda na ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa zwimela zwi fanaho na miroho ya dakani kana ine ya tou limiwa.  U shumiswa ha zwishumiswa zwa mupo havhudi hu nga thusa zwitshavha uri zwi kone u kon?elela mitsiko ine ya bveledzwa nga malwadze a ngaho sa HIV/AIDS kha zwishumiswa zwa mupo, nga maanda thanda dza u ita mabogisi a vhafu, khuni dzine dza shumiswa dzimpfuni, na zwimela zwa mishonga zwa u lafha tsumba dwadze. U vha hone ha zwithu zwine zwa thomiwa nga CBNRM zwi nga disa na mi?we mitsiko kha mita.  U fha maanda mirado ya zwitshavha nga zwithu zwine zwa diswa nga CBNRM ndi i?we ndila ya u vha thusa uri vha kone u tandulula thaidzo dza mutakalo.
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﻿Kha pfunzo, CBNRM ndi ya ndeme kha u thomiwa ha pfunzo ya vhaaluwa. Vhathu vha shelaho mulenzhe kha CBNRM vha tea u gudiswa uri hu khwiniswe vhutsila havho ha numeresi.  Fhedzi na kha vhuimo ha tshikoloni CBNRM mafhungo a CBNRM a nga dzheniswa zwavhudi kha kharikhulamu ya vhutsila ha zwa vhutshilo, metse, biolodzhi na santsi. Hezwi zwi wanala nga maanda kha zwikolo zwa vhupo ha mahayani, hune vhagudi vha tea u  dzhenelela nga maanda kha u languala CBNRM na mbekanyamishumo dza thodisiso. Zwikolo zwa mahayani na vhadededzi vha dovha hafhu vha vha vhashumisani kha CBNRM nga u fha fhethu hune ha nga farelwa mitangano na dziwekishopo, u nekedza zwishumiswa zwa vhudavhidzano, na u nekedza vhutsila vhune ha shaea vhu fanaho na numeresi na litheresi vhune ha konda u wanala kha vhupo vhu re kule.
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﻿CBNRM i nga dovha hafhu ya fha pulatifomo ya vhashumisani vhane vha si vhe na vhukoni sa tsumbo, vhafumakadzi na vhathu vhashayaho vhane vha wanala kha vhupo ha mahayani, uri vha bvise mihumbulo yavho na zwine zwa vha kwama.  Hezwi zwi itiswa nga lushaka lwa u shela mulenzhe lwa CBNRM, fhedzi na nga zwithu zwo vhumbaho CBNRM zwi na ndeme kha vhashai nga maanda vhathu vhane vha kundelwa kha tshitshavha.
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﻿Tshifanyiso tsha 1.  Vhashela mulenzhe na mishumo yavho kha CBNRM
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﻿TSHIPIDA TSHA 2. MAGA A U THUSA
﻿Zwiitisi zwa u bveledza maga a u thusa
﻿Vhunzhi ha mihasho ya muvhuso i na pholisi dzi fanaho dzine dza amba nga ha vhushaka vhukati ha vhathu, vhushai na zwishumiswa zwa mupo kana ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwo thewaho kha tshitshavha (CBNRM).  Izwi zwi itiswa nga u shaela ha ndila dzi vhonalaho dza u thomiwa ha mbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM vhukati ha mazhendedzi na madzangano ane a kwamea nga maitele aya.   Hu dovha hafhu ha vha na u shaea ha tshumisano vhukati ha Mihasho na vhanwe vhashela mulenzhe kha sekitha radzo fhambanaho.  Vhunzgi ha vhaofisiri a vha pfesesi uri CRNRM ndi mini kana vha na mihumbulo yo fhambanaho ya uri i nga shumiswa hani.
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﻿U engedza kha izwo zwo buliwaho, zwi a konadzea uri vhathu kha dzisekitha dzo fhambanaho a vha na ndivho ya uri mishumo ine vha i ita ndi tshipida tsha ngona ya tandavhuwaho ya mvelaphanda ine ya vha nga fhasi ha dzina lithihi la CBNRM.  Maga aya a u thusa o livhiswa kha u tandavhudza u dzhenelela na mishumo ya vhaofisiri vha muvhuso na vha?we kha matshimbidzele a CBNRM.
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﻿Repoto ya u thoma ine ya vhidzwa u pfi ?U khwiniswa ha milayo na dzipholisi dzine dza tikedza lushaka lwa mbekanyamishumo dza ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwo thewaho kha tshitshavha kha la Afrika Tshipembe? i sumbedza zwauri hu na dzipholisi dzo teaho kha u thusa u tikedza CBNRM, fhedzi: ?ndi zwa ndeme u ola sethe ya tshipeshala ya maga a u thusa nga vhukati ha mihasho ane a amba nga divhazwakale ya vhathu vhe vha vha vha sa dzhielwi ntha vhane vha langula zwishumiswa kha mupo, nahone vhane vha vha na ndivho ya u pulana na matshimbidzele a ndangulo ya zwishumiswa? (siatari. 28). Zwi si zwavhudi kha u thomiwa ha CBNRM zwo livhisa kha uri hu vhe na li?walo ili la maga a u thusa. 
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﻿Ndivho khulwane dza maga a u thusa ndi hedzi:
﻿1.  U ita uri vhashela mulenzhe vha pfesese nga matshimbidzele a CBNRM, nga ma?we maipfi:
﻿* Naa CBNRM ndi mini
﻿* Ndivho dza CBNRM
﻿* Khaedu khulwane dza CBNRM
﻿* Milayo mihulwane ya CBNRM
﻿* Zwithu zwihulwane zwine zwa tea u dzhielwa ntha kha u thomiwa ha CBNRM
﻿* Mishumo na vhudifhinduleli ha vhashela mulenzhe kha CBNRM. 
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﻿2. U thusa muthu mu?we na mu?we uri a pfesese mishumo yawe na vhudifhinduleli hawe, na ya mu?we na mu?we kha mbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM u itela uri:
﻿* U thomiwa ha zwipida zwa mbekanyamishumo ya CBNRM.
﻿* U langula na u pima u thomiwa ha vhukuma, na kushumele kwa muthu mu?we na mu?we a kwameaho.
﻿* U tshimbidza vhukati ha mu?we na mu?we na u shumisana zwavhudi. 
﻿* U tevhedza ?khoudu ya vhudifari? u ya nga mishumo ya muthu mu?we na mu?we na vhudifhunduleli hawe.
﻿* U khwinisa khonadzeo ya u bvelaphanda ha mvelele kha mbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM.
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﻿A hu na vhutanzi ho khwathaho ha uri mvelelo dza u thomiwa ha CBNRM dzine dza tevhedza maga aya a u thusa dzi do bvelaphanda.  Ndivho khulwane ya maga aya, na u khwiniswa ha kupfesesele kwashu kwa CBNRM, hu nga ri livhisa kha mvelaphanda khulwane na u fhungudza zwiwo zwa u kundelwa ha zwithu zwe zwa thomiwa.
﻿Ndivho na mushumo wa maga aya a u thusa
﻿Tshenzhemo nnzhi yo wanala kha CBNRM, kha lushaka, kha dzingu u mona na dzingu la SADC na kha lifhasi, kha mi?waha ya 10, nahone vhunzhi ha izwi zwo shumiswa kha u ?wala maga a u thusa.  Tshivhalo tshihulwane tsha mafhungo a matshimbidzele a CBNRM o kuvhanganywa nga vhatodisisi na vha?we, nahone izwi na zwone zwo thusa.  Zwo vha zwi tshi khou konda u dzhenisa mafhungo othe ane a vha hone. U ombedzela ho vha hu kha ?zwine ra tea u zwi divha?, na ?zwine ra tea u ita zwone?, u ita uri CBNRM i shume zwavhudi.
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﻿Mvelelo dza u sasaladza dza maga aya a u thusa ndi dza u swikelela tshumisano khulwane vhukati ha vhathu vha vhupo honoho, tshitiriki, vundu na muvhuso wa lushaka, vhalambedzi na sekithara ya phuraivete.
﻿O itelwa nnyi
﻿Maga aya a u thusa o itelwa u fha thuso na thikhedzo kha mu?we na mu?we ane a kwamea kha u thomiwa ha mishumo ya CBNRM.  Vhunzhi ha dzisekithara dzi a shela mulenzhe kha kana u kwamea nga thandela dza CBNRM.  Idzi dzi angaredza:
﻿* Vhulimi 
﻿* Ndangulo ya Ifa la Mvelele
﻿* Mvelaphanda ya ikonomi
﻿* Pfunzo
﻿* Vhureakhovhe
﻿* Vhusimamiri
﻿* Mutakalo
﻿* Migodi
﻿* Tsireledzo ya mupo 
﻿* Vhuendelamashango 
﻿* Ndangulo ya madi.
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﻿Ndivho khulwane kha muhumbulo uyu i do vha kha avho vhane vha kwamea sa tsumbo, sa zwitshavha, vhatshimbidzi na vhaofisiri, kana vhashumi, na vhaiti vha dzipholisi.  Vha?we vhasheli vha mulenzhe u fana na vhalambedzi na sekitha ya phuraivete na vhone vha do wana li?walo ili li na mushumo.  Ndivho ndi ya u talutshedza zwavhudi mishumo na vhudifhinduleli ha vhathu vhothe vha kwameaho. 
﻿Maga a u thusa a nga shumiswa hani nahone lini
﻿Khethekanyo dzo fhambanaho dza maga dzi thusa vhathu kha sekhitha dzo fhambanaho vhane vha vha na mafhungo a ndeme ane a todea kha u ita mishumo yavho zwavhudi.  Khethekanyo ya u thoma i tandulula milayo nga u angaredza na dzikhaedu dzine dza elana na muthu mu?we na mu?we ane a shuma kha CBNRM.  Kha khethekanyo ya vhuvhili, milayo ya kushumele i a sumbedzwa kha zwigwada zwiraru zwa vhasheli vha mulenzhe: zwitshavha, vhashumi na vhaiti vha dzipholisi.
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﻿Maga a u thusa a tea u fha furemiweke ya ndeme kha zwothe u pulana na u pima dzimbekanyamishumo dza CBNRM.  Dzi do vha na mushumo wa ndeme kha vhuimo ha u thoma ha thandela i?we na i?we, musi pulane dza u thoma dzi tshi khou bveledzwa.  Sa izwi mushumo mu?we na mu?we u sa fani na mu?we kha ndila ine wa mvelela ngayo, a zwi konadzei uri hu vhe na maga a tshitepe nga tshitepe kha matshimbidzele o?he.  Naho zwo ralo, nga u shumisa maga kha vhuimo ha u pulana, na u tevhela ngona ya ?ndangulo ya u edzisela?, mafhungo afha a tea u sumbedza u vha o tea kha vhutshilo hothe ha thandela.
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﻿Kha liga li?we na li?we, line la elana na fhethu hune ?a khou shuma hone, ni nga vhudzisa mbudziso iyi ?Ri khou tandulula zwavhudi naa fhungo ili musi ri tshi khou shumisa mbekanyamushumo??  
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﻿Musi ni kha tshipida tsha u thoma thandela ya CBNRM, ni nga shumisa maga nga u vhudzisa mbudziso iyi: ?Ri nga tandulula hani fhungo ili kha mbekanyamushumo yo teaho??
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﻿Kha vhuimo ha u fhedzisa, maga a u thusa a nga shumiswa kha u thusedza ndangulo na u pima nga u wana zwiitisi zwine zwa khou thusa nga ndila yavhudi na i si yavhudi kha mvelelo dza thandela.  Afha ni nga vhudzisa mbudziso iyi: ?Ndi zwithu zwifhio zwine zwa khou itisa thaidzo khulwanesa?  Ri nga ita mini u khwinisa vhuimo??
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﻿Nangwe hu uri a si mafhungo othe ane a nga vhonala o tea kha vhuimo hanu zwi nga thusa nga maanda u guda nga ha mishumo na vhudifhinduleli ha vha?we vhashela mulenzhe vhane na khou shumisana navho.
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﻿MILAYO YA NDEME NA DZIKHAEDU DZA CBNRM
﻿Milayo ya kushumele
﻿Milayo ndi ya ndeme nahone i tea u tevhedzwa kha u thomiwa ha CBNRM.  Ndi yone i langulaho kuhumbulele kwashu na zwine ra ita zwone. Mi?we milayo nga u angaredza ine ya tea u i divha:
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﻿Tshivhalo tsha ndila dzo fhambanaho dza kutshilele tshi a tevhelwa
﻿Vhathu vha bvelaphanda na u shumisa tshivhalo tsha zwithu zwo fhambanaho uri vha kone u tshila. Vha a lima zwiliwa, vha fuwa zwifuwo, vha rengisa makumba, vha vhada zwithu, vha thola vhashumi, vha kuvhanganya miri ya mishonga, vha hada hatsi ha u fulela na zwiliwa zwa lwanzheni, vha nekedza tshumelo kha vhaendelamashango, na zwi?we zwithu zwinzhi-zwinzhi.
Konadzeo ya u bveledza zwishumiswa i a vhulungiwa kana ya khwiniswa
﻿Tshivhalo tsha zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwine zwa vha hone a zwi dzuli zwi tshi fana, fhedzi zwi a engedzedzea nga nthani ha ndangulo yavhudi.  Hu na ngowa nnzhi dzo melaho kha matombo, tshipida tshihulwnae tsha pfulo, zwiraba zwa zwimela zwine zwa takalelwa zwi khou mela dakani, tshivhalo tsha zwipuka tshi khou anda.
Zwiimiswa zwa muvhuso wapo na ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwi hone, nahone zwi khou shuma zwavhu?i
﻿Hu na milayo ya kha vhupo honoho nahone i khou shumiswa.  Dzangano la ndangulo yapo li shuma nahone li dzhiela ntha vhudifhinduleli halo.  Li shumisana na mirado ya tshitshavha na vhashumisani vha nnda u itela uri mishumo ya CBNRM i vhuedza vhathu na zwishumiswa zwa mupo.
Ikonomi na dzi?we mbuelo dza u nekedza mbadelo kha u shumiswa zwavhudi ha zwishumiswa hu hone
﻿Vhathu vha badelwa zwavhudi kha u di dina havho kha u tsireledza zwishumiswa zwa mupo.  Vha ima kha tshivhalo tsho pfaniwaho khatsho tsha khano, u wana mutengo wavhudi wa makete kha zwibveledzwa zwavho, na u ita tshelede nga u isa mishumo yavho kha vhu?we vhupo.  Vhalindi vha bvaho kha tshitshavha vha linda daka, mahatsi kana maisha u thivhela vhabvannda uri vha si dzhie zwimela kana zwipuka.
Hu na dzipholisi na milayo ine ya shuma zwavhudi, i a shumiswa, nahone maanda a shumiswa kha vhuimo ha fhasisa hune ha vha na vhukoni
﻿Milayo i a tevhedzwa na u kombetshedzwa, nahone vhathu vha fhiwa pfanelo ya vhudifhinduleli ha uri vha ite tsheo dzavho nga kushumiselwe kha zwishumiswa zwa muvhuso.  Tshivhalo tsha u kana tsho vhewa nga tshitshavha hu na ngeletshedzo ya  vhadivhi.
Hu na vhutshimbidzi ha ndeme na vhudifhinduleli vhu bvaho nnda
﻿Tshitshavha tshi shumisana na NGO ya kha vhupo honoho ine ya pfesesa muhumbulo wa kutshilele na mvelele ya vhathu avho, na u vha na tshenzhemo ya vhukuma kha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa kha vhupo uho.  Mashumele avho ndi a u kovhekana ndivho yavho na u tutuwedza tshitshavha kha u bvelaphanda na tshenzhemo yatsho na u pfesesa.  
Maanda a vhushaka ha vhuimo hapo hu a takalelwa kha CBNRM na u pfeseswa
﻿Vhathu kha tshitshavha vhane vha vha na vhupfiwa nga maanda, vharangaphanda vha sialala na vhanna vhahulwane, vha a kwamea kha u ita zwauri muthu mu?we na mu?we u a vhuelwa nga ndila i edanaho.  Vha shuma nga maanda u itela uri mira?o i re na maanda a i languli matshimbidzele.  Muthu mu?we na mu?we u a divha uri ndi vhonnyi vhane vha vha na vhupfiwa.
Dzikhaedu
﻿U thomiwa ha CBNRM hu katela u tangana na dzikhaedu dzo vhalaho. Dzi?we dzadzo dzo ?owelea nga maanda kha mishumo yothe ya CBNRM.  Phanda ha musi hu tshi thomiwa mushumo mu?we na mu?we zwi na mbuelo u humbula hezwi: 
﻿* U lavhelela tshivhalo tshihulwane tsha phambano kha vhuimo vhu?we na vhu?we.
﻿* Ni songo shumisa maga nga ndila ine a vha ngayo. Kha vha diimisele u wana tshenzhemo na u shela mulenzhe nga u tanganedza.  Fhedzi kha vha thivhele u sa fana na u tanganya thoho vha?we vhathu.
﻿* Lavhelelani dzikhudano kha vhupo honoho. CBNRM tshi?we tshifhinga i nga sa tshanduko, ngauralo ni songo mangadzwa nga khudano.  Edzisani u dzi humbulela nga ndangulo yavhudi na u kona u edzisa  u dzi thivhela.  Ni songo vhilaela arali dzi tshi nga vha hone.  Zwo tea.  Zwimangadzo ndi tshipida tsha mutambo uyu.
﻿* Ndila dzi elananaho na maanda a vhupo honoho. CBNRM ndi mbekanyamushumo ya uri vhathu vhothe vha a edana nahone vha tea u wana tshifhinga tshi edanaho.  I do shushedza vha?we vhathu. Tshi?we tshifhinga izwi zwi nga si thivhedzee fhedzi edzisani u zwi thivhela arali zwi tshi konadzea.
﻿* Hu do vha na zwithu zwi si zwavhu?i zwi?we zwifhinga kha mi?we mishumo.  Khaedu ndi ya u vhulunga uri hu vhe na u tutuwedzea kha vhathu vhothe kha zwifhinga zwi kondaho.
﻿* Thanyelani ?maanda a mihumbulo i si yavhudi?.  Musi tshi?we tshi tshi khou itea kha tshi?we tshipida tsha mushumo, hu na khombo ya uri u didina hothe na maanda kha thandela zwo livhiswa kha u edzisa u tandulula thaidzo, zwine zwa anzela u livha kha u sa dzhielwa ntha ha vha?we na u bvela phanda ha thandela.
﻿* Vhathu nga tsiko vha na ?maitele a u tevhedza tshikale? nahone hu anzela u vha na u hanedza mihumbulo mi?we na mi?we, i nga vha yavhudi i do vhonala kha avho vhane vha humbulo nga hayo.  Ni songo mangala arali zwi tshi dzhia tshifhinga tshilapfu uri mihumbulo miswa i tanganedzwe, kana arali zwi sa itei.
﻿* Diimiseleni u tanganedza u sasaladzwa.  Vhathu vha re kha tshitshavha tshine tsha wela kha thandela ya CBNRM vha dzula vha tshi wela kha u sasaladzwa nga ndila i si yavhudi, nga maanda nga vha?we vhane vha si vhe nga ngomu kha thandela.  U sasaladzwa uho hu nga vha hune ha kula nungo, nahone tshifhinga tshinzhi na nungu zwi sa fhedzwa kha u edzisa u lwa na u sasaladzwa. Tanganedzani muhumbulo wa uri izwi zwi do itea, nahone ni songo zwi tendela zwi tshi dzhiela fhasi mushumo wanu wavhudi na une wa khou itiwa nga vha?we.
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﻿MAGA A U THUSA, U SHUMISA MILAYO
﻿Tshivhalo tsha zwithu zwo fhambanaho zwine zwa shandukisa vhutshilo na zwitirathedzhi zwi a tsireledzwa
﻿1) Kha hu vhe na tshikhala tsha vhutshilo ho tanganelanaho. Vhathu vha mahayani vha tea u kona u tshila nga ndila dzo fhambanaho, nahone vhunzhi ha mita ya mahayani i shumisa zwitirathedzhi zwo fhambanaho kha kutshilele.  Hezwi zwi vha tsireledza kha u ita zwithu zwine vha si vhe na vhutanzi nazwo.
﻿2) Kha zwi dzule zwi tshi elelwa zwauri vhathu vha dzhiela ntha zwishumiswa zwa mupo nga ndila dzo fhambanaho.  Vha?we vha a kwamea nga zwithu zwa ndeme zwine zwa kwama mvelele, nahone vha?we vha kwamea nga ndeme ya u tsireledza mupo.  Ni songo vhuya na humbula zwauri vhathu vhapo tshifhinga tshothe vha na zwitirathenzhi na u vha na mihumbulo yavhudi kha zwa vhubindudzi. Na uri ni songo dzula ni tshi vha humbulela uri vha do kovhekana zwithu zwa ndeme zwine zwa si vhe tshelede zwine vhapulani vha u tsireledza mupo vha zwi vhea kha zwimela na zwipuka kana ekhosisiteme.    
﻿3) Tutuwedzani vhathu vha re na vhukoni ho fhambanaho uri vha shele mulenzhe.  Dzhenisani tshaka dzo fhambanaho dza ndivho na vhukoni.  Itani zwauri madzangano a kha vhupo honoho a khou imelelwa nga zwigwada zwothe kha tshitshavha.  Vhasadzi ndi vhashumisi vha ndeme vha zwishumiswa zwa mupo, nahone vha na ndivho nnzhi na vhutsila vhune vha nga shela mulenzhe ngaho.  Kha vha vhone zwauri hu na tshikhala tshavho. 
﻿4) Alusani ndivho ya sialala na u tutuwedza u tanganelana ha mvelele.  U tanganelana ha mvelele ho tumana tshothe na dzisisiteme dza u tanganelana ha zwibveledzwa, u dzhia tsheo na bvelephanda ya zwiimiswa, nahone zwi tea u tutuwedzwa. 
﻿Vhulungani vhutumani vhukati ha mirado ya tshitshavha tsha mahayani na tshitshavha tsha doroboni.  U tumana uhu hu na ndeme, zwothe kha zwa ikonomi na kha kutshilele. 
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﻿Ni songo:
﻿* Tutuwedza mishumo ine ya do fhelisa u tanganelana kha zwitirathedzi zwa kutshilele na dzisisiteme dza u bveledza;
﻿* Tutuwedzani mishumo ine ya kwama vhutshilo ha vhathu;
﻿* Thomani zwitirathedzhi zwa ndangulo zwine zwa fhungudza tshivhumbeo.
﻿
﻿Khonadzeo ya vhubveledzi zwishumiswa zwo livhiswaho kha u tsireledza kana u khwinisa
﻿1) Itani zwauri zwishumiswa zwa mupo zwi vhe na ndeme ya u rengisea ine ya nga tshintshelwa kha tshelede kana mbuelo dzi vhonalaho, na uri vhathu vha pfesese na u vhona ndeme yazwo. 
﻿2) Tsireledzani zwishumiswa zwa mupo. Musi zwa nga vhuya zwa fhela a hu nga do vha na CBNRM. Vheani milayo ine ya ?o langula khano ye ya vha hone kha zwishumiswa.  Itani zwauri hu vhe na u lifha kha avho vhane vha pfuka milayo.  Vhulungani kha dzikhoudu dza vhudifari dzine dza tikedzwa nga mu?we na mu?we.
﻿3) U bveledza pulane ndangulo ya vhukuma ya zwishumiswa. U tanganya mihumbulo ya vhathu na ndivho ya zwishumiswa fhethu huthihi na mafhungo kha vhasheli vha mulenzhe vhothe uri hu vhe na pulane ine ya shumisea zwavhudi. 
﻿4) U langula u shumiswa na vhuimo ha zwishumiswa.  Vhashumisi vha zwishumiswa na vha?we vha bvaho kha tshitshavha vha tea u shela mulenzhe kha u vhea tshitirathedzhi tsha u langula na u ita zwa u langula.
﻿5) U tevhedza ngona ya ndangulo ya u edzisela. Vheani ndivho, lavhelesani vhuimo ha zwishumiswa na u ita tsheo kha nyito musi hu na tswayo dza u kaidza.
﻿6) Bindudzani tshipida tsho teaho tsha vhubindudzi vhu?we na vhu?we kha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo. 
﻿7) Bveledzani vhungomu ha zwishumiswa zwa ndangulo ya mupo.  Gudisani vhathu vho teaho, u itela uri vha dzhie vhudifhinduleli kha ndanguli ya kushumisele kwa zwishumiswa zwa mupo.
﻿
﻿Ni songo:
﻿* U humbulela uri mbuelo dzi bvaho kha zwishumiswa zwa mupo dzi do ita uri hu vhe na ndangulo nga vhathu vha vhupo honoho.
﻿* Tenda zwauri CBNRM zwi amba u tshimbila nga ?zwavhudi? kha u kombetshedza mulayo.
﻿* Shumisa milayo ya u thivhela (?ndi khwine u tsireledza u fhirisa u disola?) sa tshiitisi tsha u sa ita tshithu.
﻿
﻿
﻿Zwiimiswa zwa muvhuso wapo na shango na ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwi hone, nahone zwi khou shuma zwavhudi
﻿1) Itani zwauri mu?we na mu?we u a divha uri ndi tshipida tshifhio tshine a do ita tshone kha mushumo, na vhudifhinduleli hawe.  Dzulani ni tshi fara mitangano u itela uri muthu mu?we na mu?we u a divha uri a nga shela hani mulenzhe kha mushumo, nahone u khou ita zwe zwa pfaniwa khazwo.  ?walani mulayotewa ni tshi tou thoma.
﻿2) Fhatani madzangano a vhupo. U itela uri hu vhe na muhumbulo wo khwathaho wa vhune ha zwithu zwine zwa wanala kha vhupo, ndangulo ya vhupo i tea u ita zwa vhulanguli na u dzhia tsheo.   Tshiimiswa itshi tshi do toda thikhedzo yo teaho na vhugudisi ho teaho kha u ita mishumo iyi.  I do tea u dzula i tshi tutuwedzwa na u tikedzwa.  Kha vhu?we vhuimo, arali hu na thaidzo dzi dinaho vhukuma, hu do tea u tshintshiwa mulayotewa.  Arali zwi tshi konadzea shumisani madzangano a re hone u fhirisa u vhumba maswa.  Shumisani ndivho yo dalaho musi ni tshi ita tsheo iyi nahone ni songo dzhiela fhasi ndivho dza CBNRM arali zwivhumbeo zwiswa zwo tea u vha hone.  
﻿3) Itani zwauri vhaimeleli vha vhe mulayoni, a si vhe vha tou dinanga.  Vhaimeleli vha tea u kwamana na vhathu na u vhudza mafhungo zwigwada zwine vha khou imelela zwone, nahone vha tea u fhiwa tshifhinga tshau ita ngauralo.
﻿4) Itani uri hu vhe na murangaphanda kana ?muhulwane? na tshigwada tsha u shuma kha mushumo mu?we na mu?we muhulwane kana kha sia la vhudifhinduleli.  Bveledzani phanda vharangaphanda vhaswa na vhaimeleli na u thogomela vhane vha vha hone.
﻿5) Tandululani u sa e?ana kha tshitshavha.  Edzisani u tevhedza thodea na tsireledzo ya tshifhinga tshilapfu ya zwisiwana.  Thomani milayo yavhudi u itela uri muthu mu?we na mu?we a kone u shela mulenzhe.  Itani zwauri zwililo zwa vha si na vhane vha sa koni u diambela, nga maanda vhafumakadzi, zwi khou pfiwa.
﻿6) Livhani kha ma?we maanda kana maanda othe a khou wela kha vhashumisi vha zwishumiswa vhone vhane, musi vho no wana vhugudisi na vhutsila ho teaho.  Fhedzi itani zwauri a huna muthu wa kha vhupo honoho ane a shela mulenzhe ane a tea u siiwa nnda. 
﻿7) Vheani thodea dzi pfalaho dzine dza todiwa nga vhasheli vha mulenzhe phanda ha musi vha tshi wana pfanelo kha shango na zwishumiswa.  Izwi kha zwi dzheniswe kha pulane ya ndangulo kana mulayotewa.  Todani thikhedzo ya nnda ya thekhinikhala na mulayo arali zwi tshi todea.  
﻿8) Ifhani vhathu tsireledzo ya tshifhinga tshilapfu na pfanelo kha zwishumiswa na shango.  Vhathu vha ?o?a u divha he vha ima hone na zwine vha do wana zwone phanda ha musi vha tshi vhulunga tshifhinga na tshelede kha u vhulunga zwishumiswa zwavho.
﻿9) Itani zwauri vhathu vha divhe nga zwi?we zwiimiswa zwine zwa shuma kha vhuimo ho fhambanaho.  Vhathu vha tea u divha nga milayo ya muvhuso na mbofho dza lifhasi dzine dza nga vha thusa kana dzine dza nga tutuwedza mushumo yavho.  Vha tea u pfesesa uri u shela mulenzhe havho hu dzhena hani kha CBNRM yo tandavhuwaho kha shango, Afrika na kha lifhasi. 
﻿10) U sedza uri hu vhe na thikhedzo yo khwathaho kha mushumo wa vharangaphanda vha sialala. Tshitshavha tshi tea u ita tsheo arali zwi tshi toda vharangaphanda vha sialala vha tshi vha na vhaimeleli kana hai.
﻿11) U ?alutshedza pfanelo dza thundu yapo zwavhudi.  U bvisela khagala uri ndi nnyi ane a vha na pfanelo kha zwishumiswa zwifhio na masia, na uri pfanelo idzo na vhudifhinduleli uho ndi vhufhio.
﻿12) U dzhenisa zwimiswa zwapo na zwa sialala na sisiteme ya ndivho yapo kha matshimbidzele o?he.  Ndivho i si ya fomala, u fana na ndivho ya fomala, i tea u sedzuluswa phanda ha musi i tshi tanganedzwa tshothe. Edzisani u pfesesa phambano kha u tenda na sisiteme dza ndivho vhukati ha vhasheli vha mulenzhe vho fhambanaho. 
﻿13) U dzhiela ntha uri zwiimiswa zwi bvelaho phanda ndi maitele a ongolowaho nahone a kondaho ane a toda tshifhinga tshi swikaho kha mi?waha ya fumi.  Matshimbidzele ayo a toda tshifhinga tshilapfu na thikhedzo ine ya dzula i tshi khou bvelaphanda.  CBNRM i anzela u dzhenisa khaedu khulwane dza zwa polotiki na mvelele; zwine zwa dzhia tshifhinga.
﻿14) Mivhuso yapo i tea u thoma zwigwada zwa u shuma zwa CBNRM, zwine zwa imelelwa nga sekithara dzo fhambanaho (hu tshi angaredzwa na sekithara i si ya fomala), uri zwi vhe na vhudifhinduleli kha u pulana na u thomiwa ha dzithandela dza lushaka lwa CBNRM kha vhuimo ha masipala.
﻿15) U thoma tshigwada tsha lushaka tsha u tikedza CBNRM. Tshigwada itshi tshi tea u vha na vhudifhinduleli kha u imelela CBNRM kha maitele a kha lushaka ane a shuma na milayo ya mupo na pholisi, hu tshi angaredzwa na thikhedzo ya thekhinikhala ya vundu na tshitafu tsha nnda.
﻿16) U dzhenisa khoso dza tshipeshala dza u gudisa dza CBNRM kha mbekanyamishumo dza vhugudisi ha muhasho na ha muvhuso wapo.
﻿
﻿Ni songo: 
﻿* Dzhiela fhasi vhukoni ha madzangano a tshitshavha kha u ita mishumo yao.
﻿* Dzhiela fhasi mushumo wa ndeme wa vhurangaphanda hapo na vhaimeleli. 
﻿* Dzhiela fhasi thodea ya ndeme ya mvelaphanda ine ya khou bvelaphanda.
﻿
﻿Mbuelo dza ikonomi na dzi?we, dza u nekedza kushumiselwe kwavhudi kwa ikonomi, dzi hone
﻿1) Ni pfesese nga zwo lavhelelwaho na zwine zwa khou todea kha mushumo.  Thomani bono li pfalaho la zwine vhathu vha tea u lavhelela zwone, fhedzi ni pfesese nga ha mbuelo dzine dza nga vha hone.  
﻿2) Ivhani na ngoho ya mbuelo dzine dza nga vha hone dzi tshi bva kha mushumo, itani tsedzuluso ya pfunzo yavhudi kha khonadzeo ya bindu kha vhubindudzi ho livhiswaho kha zwishumiswa zwa mupo
﻿3) Itani pulane dza tshaka dzo fhambanaho dza mbuelo, sa tsumbo, dza tshifhinga tshipfufhi na tshifhinga tshilapfu, dzine dza vhonala na dzi sa vhonali.  
﻿4) Itani zwauri mbuelo dzo livhaho kha vhathu na vhupo dzi vha na mutengo wavhudi kha vhadzulapo kha u vhulunga mupo na u langula zwishumiswa zwa mupo. Itani zwauri zwi vhe na mbuelo khavho uri vha difhe shango, tshifhinga CBNRM u fhirisa kha dzi?we ndivho-vho.
﻿5) Hu tea u vha na makete wa zwibveledzwa zwi bvaho kha thandela.
﻿6) Fhatani ndangulo ya kha vhupo honoho, ndangulo ya masheleni na vhutsila ha mabindu.
﻿7) Dzhielani ntha zwauri mbuelo dzi bvaho kha CBNRM dzi nga si tandulule dzithaidzo kha tshitshavha itsho.  
﻿8) Vhonani zwauri hu na mbuelo dza tshifhinga tshipfufhi, dza u thivha tshikhala phanda ha musi hu tshi vha na mbuelo khulwane. Kha dzithandela dza CBNRM, mushumo munzhi u anzela u vha hone phanda ha musi hu tshi vha na khano ya mbuelo khulwane. Ambedzanani na mazhendedzi a u lambedza kha tshelede ya ?u tshimbidza? ya u katela tshipida tsha u thoma tsha thandela.  
﻿9) Avha vhane vha diimisela nga maanda kana u shela mulenzhe vha tea u vhuelwa u fhira vha?we. 
﻿10) Fhulufhedzisani vhathu mbuelo dzi?we dzine dza si vhe dza tshelede dzi fanaho na thikhedzo na tsireledzo ya mulayo kha vhupo vhune ha vha na u shushedzwa hu bvaho nnda; thikhedzo ya thekhinikhala, tshelede na ya polotiki kha ndangulo ya nyito dza vhathu vha vhupo honoho; u bveledza phanda kha u fhata vhukoni kha zwitshavha zwapo, u vha thusa uri vha langule vhupo havho na zwishumiswa zwavhudi; tshumelo ya u tshimbidza; u swikelela khadzimiso ya masheleni na I?we tshelede ya u thoma bindu; thuso ya u ita nyambedzano na sekithara dza phuraivete.
﻿
﻿Ni songo:
﻿* Thoma CBNRM hune makete wa u dzhenisa tshelede wa si do kona u bvela phanda. 
﻿* Vha na ndavhelelo ine ya nga si konadzee ine ya kwama mbuelo.
﻿* Ditika nga thikedzo ya ndambedzo ya tshifhinga tshilapfu kha u lugisa dzibugu. 
﻿* Ditika nga CBNRM musi zwi khagala uri mihumbulo na maitele a mazhendedzi a muvhuso ha tikedzi milayo ya CBNRM.
﻿* Humbulela uri vhathu vha kha vhupo uho vha dzulela u kovhana zwithu zwine zwa vha na ndeme i si ya tshelede ine vhapulani vha mupo vha i vhea kha zwimela kana zwipuka kha dziekhosisiteme.
﻿* Thoma u dzhenelela kha muhumbulo wa tshifhinga tshipfufhi.
﻿
﻿Hu na dzipholisi dzi shumaho zwavhudi na milayo, i a shumiswa, nahone maanda a iswa kha vhuimo ha fhasisa hune ha vha na vhukoni
﻿1) Itani zwauri matshimbidzele a pholisi a a angaredza, u edzisea na u tenda zwothe. Itani uri zwitshavha zwi dzhenelele kha vhuimo ha u thoma kha u bveledza pholisi.  Zwi nga konadzea uri pholisi dzi tevhedzwe na u lugiswa hu tshi khou shumiswa tshenzhemo.
﻿2) Ma?walo a dzipholisi a tea u pfesesea hu si na vhuleme na u wanala hu si na vhuleme.  Itani uri zwithu zwa ndeme zwi leluwe. 
﻿3) Itani dzipholisi dzo tandavhuwaho dza lushaka na dza vundu dzine dza fha faundesheni ine khayo ha do fhatiwa milayo yapo. 
﻿4) U tumanywa dzipholisi dzapo na matshimbidzele a IDP na u dzhenisa muvhuso wapo. 
﻿5) U phadaladza u thomiwa ha mushumo kha vhuimo ha fhasisa kha muvhuso hune vha vha na vhukoni: vhaofisiri vha kha vhupo honoho vha tea u gudiswa uri vha fhe thikhedzo kha dzudzanyo dza makumedzwa a dzithandela nga zwitshavha.
﻿6) Muhasho mu?we na mu?we u tea u lavhelesa u tevhedzwa ha milayo, na thendelano dzapo.  I tea hafhu u lavhelesa mishumo nga maanda ya vhaofisiri vha muhasho.
﻿7) Dzipholisi dzi tea u vha na mano. Dzifaini na dzinwe dzisakhisheni dzi tea u vha dzi kodaho dzi tshi ya phanda arali milayo yo pfukiwa.  Tendelani vhaofisiri vha re fhasi vha tshi shumisa mihumbulo yavho musi vha tshi khou shumisa milayo.  Vhuimo vhu?we na vhu?we ho fhambanaho na vhu?we.
﻿8) Vheani thodea dzine dza pfala kha vhathu vha vhupo honoho phanda ha musi ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo i tshi vha fha dzayo. Dzi angaredza: u vha na ndangulo yo tou nangiwaho; u thoma tshiimiswa tsha mulayo tshi fanaho na Trust, Common Property Associate kana Khethekanyo ya 21 ya khamphani; u sumbedza vhuimo ha fhasisa ha vhukoni kha ndangulo; u vha na sisiteme ya u lavhelesa.  U ita mbetshelwa ya thikhedzo ya thekhinikhala i bvaho nnda ya u thusa zwitshavha uri zwi thome izwi.
﻿9) Thomani tshikwama tsha vhugudisi tsha CBNRM, tshine tsha do dzula tshi tshi khou mveledza vhutsila ha vhashumisi vha kha vhupo uho uri vha langule zwishumiswa zwavho, na vha?we vhasheli vha mulenzhe vha kha vhupo honoho, hu tshi angaredzwa mivhuso ya vhomasipala, u dzula tshi tshipida tsha matshimbidzele.
﻿10) U pfuka mikano vhukati ha mazhendzedzi, kana u vhumba dziboroho dza u pfuka mikano.  Zhendedzi li?we na li?we li tea u talutshedza mishumo yalo ya u tanganelana kha u shumisa shango, na u vha khagala kha uri li do shuma hani.  Mazhendedzi a tea u bvisa poswo dza tshipeshala dza CBNRM kha vhuimo ho fhambanaho, na u fha vhugudisi ho teaho na ndambedzo ya hezwi.    Zwigwada zwa u shuma CBNRM zwa mazhendedzi a u pfuka mikano zwi tea u thomiwa kha vhuimo ha muvhuso wa lushaka na kha vhuimo ha muvhuso wa vundu.
﻿11) U toda thikhedzo ya CBNRM kha ndangulo ya ntha na vhuimo ha polotiki kha muvhuso na sekitha dza phuraivete.  Ndi zwa ndeme uri ri vhe na tshitirathedzhi tsha ndangulo ya u hanedza nga vha?we vhaofisiri na ndivho dza pholisi dza CBNRM. Ha sa vha na thikhedzo i bvaho ntha, zwithithisi zwa ndeme zwa kha tshanduko zwi a konda u zwi fhelisa.
﻿12) Wanani mafhungo o teaho phanda ha musi ni tshi saina pfano.  Pfano dza u kovhekana mbuelo dza ikonomi na ekholodzhi, ndangulo yo tanganelaho, na u fhirelwa kha mu?we muthu kha shango na dzi?we thundu zwi tea u itiwa hu si na u tima-tima.
﻿13) Wanani dzipholisi dzine dza ita uri zwitshavha zwi vhuelwe nga masheleni a bvaho kha CBNRM.  Vhonani zwauri izwi zwi khou tevhedzwa.
﻿14) Nekedzani thuso ya u swikelela zwibveledzwa zwa biodaivesithi, kha u shumisana na zwitshavha zwapo.  Shumisanani nga maanda na zwivhumbeo zwine zwa tshimbidza mvelaphanda ya vhubindudzi kha tshitshavha.
﻿
﻿Ni songo:
﻿* Sedza nga maanda kha u pulana ha tshitirathedzhi tsha liga la phanda na ndangulo ya thandela.  Hu khou todea matshimbidzele a u angaredza, o vhumbiwaho nga zwithu zwa ntha nga maanda. 
﻿* Lwela uri hu vhe na u fana: maga a u thusa a tea u wana u edana vhukati ha u nekedza tshikhala tsha u tendelela na u vhona uri hu na u fana, milayo i fanaho, na theminolodzhi i fanaho. 
﻿* Sedza dzithandela dza muthu mu?we na mu?we sa dzo diimisaho;  dzi songo sedziwa sa dzo tanganelano dzine dza khou bvela phanda kana sa dzi na u tumana ha mbekanyamushumo dza CBNRM kha vhuimo ha muvhuso wa tshitiriki, vundu na wa lushaka.
﻿
﻿
﻿
﻿Hu na u tshimbidza mushumo ha ndeme nahone ho khwathaho hu bvaho nnda
﻿1) Itani zwauri hu vhe na u tshimbidza mushumo ha vhuimo ha ntha nga ndila i leluwaho. Hezwi zwi nga si vhe hone fhedzi kha vhuimo ha u thoma mushumo, zwi nga vha hone lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu.  U tshimbidza mushumo zwi nga bveledzwa nga mushumisani o diimiselaho (nga tshiimo tsha NGO, muthusi kana mihasho ya muvhuso). 
﻿2) Bveledzani bona ?apo ?a vhumatshelo.  Pfanani kha matshimbidzele, a tikedzwaho nga vhothe vhashelaho mulenzhe, u shuma vha tshi khou lwela u swikelela mbono.
﻿3) Fhatani nga tshifhinga u itela mvelaphanda ya u fhulufhedzea vhukati ha vhashela mulenzhe.
﻿4) Dzulani ni tshi khou kwamana na matshimbidzele, ni edzisele tshitaela na u khwathisa thuso yavho sa tshanduko kha mushumo.
﻿5) Dzhielani ntha zwauri hu songo vha na muthu ane a si kone u ?wala na u vhala ane a khou shela mulenzhe kha matshimbidzele.  Hezwi zwi nga swikelelwa nga ndila dzine dza si tode u vhala na u ?wala, u fana na u Guda nga u Shela Mulenzhe na Nyito kana u Asesiwa nga u Shela Mulenzhe Mishumoni ya Mahayani.
﻿6) Shumisani zwishumiswa zwine zwa vhonala. Mimapa, dzividio, zwinepe na zwifanyiso zwa fhethu hune ha khou shumiwa hone zwi vhe zwine zwa vha na ndeme kha vhathu vhothe vha shelaho mulenzhe, hu songo vha na u kona u vhala fhedzi.
﻿7) Sedzesani nga maanda phambano vhukati ha nyambo na mvelele kha vhashela mulenzhe.  Vhashela mulenzhe vha tea u di pfa vho vhofholowa kha u bvisela nnda mihumbulo yavho nga kuambele kwavho, nahone fhethu hunzhi izwi zwi do toda uri hu vhe na u pindulela. 
﻿8) Thivhelani ?milaedza? ine ya nga sumbedza uri vha?we vhathu kana zwigwada zwi ntha ha vha?we.  I angaredza madzina a mushumo, madzina ane a fhiwa vhahali vho fhambanaho, na zwifanyiso sa tsumbo, vhudzulo, ndungiselo dza u ?a na u dzula, zwiambaro zwo ambariwaho nga vhatshimbidzi vha mushumo na vhaofisiri, luambo lwa muvhili, na vhuendedzi ho shumiswaho.
﻿9) Tutuwedzani vhatshimbidzi vha mushumo uri vha vhe vhane vha tshimbidza na vhagudisi. 
﻿10) Ifhani vhadzulapo tshifhinga tsha uri vha vhe vhone vhatshimbidzi vha mushumo u fana na mitangano ya komiti thukhu na zwigwada zwa vhashumi.
﻿11) Itani uri hu vhe na tshumisano na vha?we vhatshimbidzi vha mushumo vhane vha khou shuma kha vhu?we vhupo. Thaidzo dzi fanaho dzi anzela u wanala fhethu ho fhambanaho.
﻿12) Zwi ?ivheni zwauri nga u tou bula fhedzi uri u shela mulenzhe zwi ita zwauri vhathu vha vhe na zwe vha lavhelela zwone.  Izwi a zwi thivhelwi nahone zwi tea u langulwa u bva mathomoni.  Khoso dza vhugudisi dzi anzela u ita zwauri vhathu vha lavhelele u wana mishumo.
﻿13) Diimseleni u dzula ni tshi khou shuma lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu.
﻿
﻿
﻿Ni songo: 
﻿* kombetshedza zwitshavha fhethu huthihi; hezwi zwi ita zwauri hu vhe na dzikhudano.  Zwitshavha zwi a diamba na u diambulula hafhu zwone zwine tshifhinga tshothe, nahone zwitshavha zwothe zwo vhumbiwa nga zwigwada zwituku zwine zwa vha na thodea dzo fhambanaho na zwine zwa toda zwone.
﻿* Fhiriselani phanda vhatshimbidzi vha mushumo musi vha tshi tou thoma u bveledza mvelelo.
﻿* Fhelisani vhurangaphanda hapo nga u vha na vhatshimbidzi vha mushumo vho khwathaho.
﻿
﻿Vhushaka ha vhuimo ha maanda apo ho tea kha CBNRM, na u  pfeseswa
﻿1) Lavhelelani zwauri kha u fhiriselwa ha maanda hu?we na hu?we hu na khombo ya uri hu bvelela zwigwada zwiswa zwa vhathu vho funzeaho, vhane vha do shumisa maanda avho kha u divhuedza.  Hezwi zwi nga itea kha vhakhantselara vha muvhuso, kha vhuimo ha tshitshavha kha khoro khulwane dza madzangano a livhiswaho kha tshitshavha. 
﻿2) Fhatani maitele ane a do shumana na u dzhia maanda kha milayotewa ya ndangulo ya zwivhumbeo zwo fhambanaho. 
﻿3) Wanani vharangaphanda vho fhambanaho vha mishumo yo fhambanaho. Hezwi zwi phadaladza mushumo wa vhurangaphanda na u fhelisa maanda.
﻿4) Itani uri vhaimeleli vha tshitshavha vha vhe vha vhukuma nahone a si vhe vha tou vhewa.  Fhatani mulayotewa wa tshivhumbeo tsha ndangulo une vhaimeleli vha tea u kwamana na zwigwada zwine vha khou zwi imelela.  Vhaimeleli vha tea u fhiwa tshifhinga tsha u ita ngauralo.  
﻿5) Alusani tshivhalo tsho tandavhulwaho tsha vhaimeleli. Madzangano apo a tea u imelela zwavhudi zwigwada zwa vhathu vho fhambanaho na zwigwada kha vhupo, nahone vha tea u dzhiela ntha dziphambano dzi wanalaho kha tshitshavha tshenetsho hu tshi angaredzwa na dziphambano kha vhathu. 
﻿6) Tandululani dziphambano ni shume no livha kha thodea dzo fhambano kha tshitshavha.  Itani zwauri vhashela mulenzhe vha divhe uri adzhenda na ndivho dza mu?we ndi dzifhio. 
﻿7) Ifhani muthu mu?we na mu?we a wanalaho kha vhupo honoho pfanelo dzo khwathaho dza mulayo kha zwishumiswa uri vha kone u shumisa mulayo kha u tsireledza zwishumiswa zwavho kha vhathu vha bvaho nnda.
﻿8) Dzhielani ntha vhoramabindu vha sa fhulufhedzei.  Mushumo uyo u bva kha vhothe vha re nnda na vha re ngomu kha tshitshavha, nahone wo sumbedzwa sa une wa khou disa u shushedza huhulwane kha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa kha u shuma zwavhudi kha tshitshavha. Vhathu avha vha anzela u vha na maanda, vha anzela u dzhiela fhasi ndeme ya zwiimiswa zwa tshitshavha.
﻿9) Kuvhanganyani mafhungo nga vhudalo a divhazwakale, u pfesesa maanda a nnda ya kale na ya zwino na divhazwakale dza polotiki na mvelele.
﻿
﻿Ni songo:
﻿* Lavhela ?u vhuelwa nga u shumisa vha?we vhathu? na ndunzhendunzhe i bvaho kha zwitshavha u fhirisa tshi?we tsha zwigwada.
﻿* Dzhia sia zwi khagala kha u lwela maanda; vhushaka hapo vhu nga shanduka tshifhinga tshi?we na tshi?we.
﻿* Hwalea nga dakalo la kha vhuimo ha u thoma ?a u shumisana na u diimisela. 
﻿
﻿
﻿MILAYO YA KUSHUMELE KWA ZWITSHAVHA, VHASHUMI NA VHAITI VHA DZIPHOLISI KHA CBNRM
﻿Milayo ya fumi ya kushumele kwa mu?we na mu?we
﻿1) Livhani kha u kovhekana ndangulo na vhu?ifhinduleli. Tsheo ya u tanganelana, na u fhirisela maanda kha vha?we (zwithu zwa ndeme kha CBNRM) zwi amba ?u tenda zwi tshi tuwa? na u fha mu?we maanda.  Hezwi zwi anzela u livhiswa kha mvelelo dzi songo lavhelelwaho kana dzi songo humbulelwaho.  Hedzi a dzi tou vha dza fhasisa u fhirisa dza u thoma, fhedzi dzi ita zwauri hu vhe na khaedu kha avho vhe vha dowela u vha kha vhuimo ha u langula.
﻿2) Pimani na u lavhelesa tshifhinga tshothe.  U pima ho tea u vhonala sa tshipida tsha ndeme kha matshimbidzele othe.  Ngudo yavhudi i tea u itiwa phanda ha u thoma u shuma, nahone maitele a re khagala a u pima a tea u dzheniswa kha u itiwa ha mushumo wa CBNRM. Maitele aya othe a tea u vha a u ?shela mulenzhe? (ane a dzhenisa mu?we na mu?we), na ?u divhadza? (a u divhadza tshanduko kha mbekanyamushumo).  
﻿3) Tshitshavha tshi tea u vha khagala na u pfesesa, na u vhulunga izwi kha matshimbidzele othe.  Ndila dza u davhidzana ha fomala dzi tea u thomiwa u bva mathomoni, nahone hu tea u vha na tshikhala tsha u engedzedza mafhungo a u kwamana.
﻿4) Diimiseleni u tendelela na u edzisela vhuimo ha tshanduko.  Diimiseleni zwiwo zwi songo lavhelelwaho na zwimangadzo zwine khazwo ha nga vha na ndangulo thukhu.
﻿5) Ivhani muphurofeshinala na u diimisela tshothe tshifhinga tshothe.  Hezwi zwi tea u bveledzwa kha zwothe, hu tshi angaredzwa u dzhenelela mitangano nga vhudalo na u tevhedza khoudu kana milayo ya vhudifari yo andaniwaho khayo, u nekedza muvhigo, mbetshelwa ya thuso ya ndeme ya pfaniwaho khayo, na u pima mishumo ya vhathu na vhudifhinduleli havho.
﻿6) U dzhiela ntha mihumbulo ya vhathu.  CBNRM ndi ya vhathu na zwishumiswa zwa mupo.  Vhathu vhothe vha na zwine vha kona zwone na zwine vha si si kone, zwine vha toda na zwe vha lavhela na thodea. U disa fhethu huthihi vhathu vhanzhi vho fhambanaho uri vha shume vhothe vho livha kha ndivho nthihi ndi khaedu khulwane, nahone a zwi leluwi.  Mishumo yothe, nga maanda iyo ine ya kwamiwa nga u lambedzwa na u nga kona u bveledza tshelede, i ita uri vhathu vha aluse zwine vha funa zwone.  CBNRM i songo vhuya ya vha n?ila kana tshishumiswa tsha u alusa mihumbulo ya muthu kana zwine muthu mu?we na mu?we kana tshigwada tsha toda u swikelela zwone kha sia la polotiki kha sekithara i?we na i?we. 
﻿7) Ni songo fhela mbilu. Lavhelelani zwauri ndangulo ya zwishumiswa nga u shela mulenzhe i ?o ongolowa, nahone ndi maitele ane a konda.  Vhalambedzi na mazhendedzi a muvhuso a tea u dzhiela ntha matshimbidzele a u talutshedza na u ?walisa madzangano o livhiswaho kha tshitshavha, nahone u bveledza phanda zwiimiswa zwi na vhukoni ndi maitele a ongolowaho nahone ane a konda ane a dzhia tshifhinga tshi swikaho henefha kha mi?waha ya fumi, ane a toda u diimisela na thikhedzo i bvelaho phanda.  
﻿8) Thonifhani sisteme dza kuhumbulele kwa vhathu vha vhupo honoho.  Dzhielani ntha divhazwakale, vhurereli na mvelele yo fhambanaho na sialala nahone ni songo lavhelela vhathu vha vhupo uho uri vha do dzula vhe na zwitirathedzhi na kuvhonele kwa zwithu nga ndila ya tshikhuwa.  Pfesesani khoudu kana milayo ya henefho, na u dzhiela ntha zwivhumbeo zwa muvhuso wa sialala hune zwa vha zwo tea.  Thonifhani sisteme dza ndangulo ya sialala, fhedzi tshifhinga tshothe itani zwauri zwi vhe na ndeme.
﻿9) Fhatani u fhulufhedzea ni shume nga maanda kha u zwi vhulunga.
﻿10) Fhatani vhahali, vharangaphanda, vhaimeleli na vhane vha matshimbidzele, zwiimiswa, dziekhosisiteme, mihumbulo na ndivho i kwameaho kha CBNRM.  Phadaladzani vhudifhinduleli ni sie tshikhala kha vharangaphanda vhane vha kha di bvelela uri vha sie luswayo.
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﻿Milayo ya fumimbili ya kushumele kwa zwitshavha
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﻿1) Thogomelani na u tsireledza zwishumiswa zwa mupo.  Zwa vhuya zwa fhela a hu tsha ?o vha na CBNRM.  Bindudzani nga khoudu dza vhudifari, na pulane ya ndangulo ine ya tikedzwa nga mu?we na mu?we.  Shumisanani na vha?we kha u bveledza pulane ya ndangulo ya vhukuma ya zwishumiswa.  Tanganyani fhethu huthihi kupfesele na ndivho ya vhathu ya zwishumiswa na mafhungo a bvaho kha vhashumisani uri ni kone u ita pulane yavhudi.  Kha pulane iyi dzhenisani milayo ye ya pfaniwa khayo ya kushumiselwe kwa zwishumiswa.  Dzhenisani hafhu na tshitirathedzhi tsha u langula kushumiselwe na vhuimo ha zwishumiswa.  Ni tea u dzhenelela kha zwithu zwo?he zwa mvelaphanda na u thomiwa ha pulane, na kha u langula.
﻿2) Shumani na vhathu vhanzhi nga maanda.  Ndi zwa ndeme uri maipfi othe a thetsheleswe na u thonifhiwa kha vhuimo vhu?we na vhu?we.  Nga maanda zwigwada zwine zwa si vhe na maanda mahulwane na muthu mu?we na mu?we vha tea u tutuwedzwa uri vha bvise mihumbulo yavho.  Ni thogomele zwigwada zwine zwa vha na maanda na muthu mu?we na mu?we uri vha si shumise mushumo kha u divhuedza vhone vhane.  Ndi zwa ndeme nga maanda u wana zwauri ndi nnyi ane a kwamea nga maanda kha u shumiswa ha zwishumiswa zwa mupo.  Mihumbulo i do vha ya ndeme, na zwine vha toda zwone zwi tea u sumbedza nga n?ila yavhudi.  
﻿3) Shumisani muimeleli wa dzangano wa vhukuma (u fana na komiti) kha u imelela vhathu vha henefho.  Arali tshiimiswa tshi na maanda (sa Tshiimiswa tsha Mvelaphanda), tshine tsha sumbedza zwauri tshi khou ita mushumo wavhudi, tshi hone, tshi shumiseni.  Arali zwi songo ralo, nangani u shanduka kha u fhulufhedzea, tshine tsha shuma zwavhudi na vhathu vho ?iimiselaho vha bvaho kha sekithara dzo fhambanaho kha tshitshavha kha u ranga phanda matshimbidzele  vho imelela tshitshavha.  
﻿4) Dzhielani nzhele zwo lavhelelwaho na thodea kha mushumo.  Vheani bono lavhudi la zwo lavhelelwaho, fhedzi ni pfesese nga ha mbuelo dzine dza nga vha hone.  Itani zwauri vhashumisani vhothe vha bvaho nnda vha pfesese na u tendelana na bono lanu.  Thogomelani zwauri mihumbulo yanu a i khou dzhielwa fhasi kana ya fhiriwa nga ya vha?we vhashumisani.
﻿5) Divhani zwauri hu na tshaka dzo fhambanaho dza mbuelo, na uri dzi?we dzadzo ndi dza tshifhinga tshipfufhi, ngeno dzi?we dzi dza tshifhinga tshilapfu.  Vhunzhi ha vhathu vha do takalela mbuelo dza masheleni dzo fhambanaho, musi hu tshi thomiwa.  Mbuelo dzine dza koda nga maanda u dzi vhona dzi angaredza: vhupo ha u tshila khaho havhudi, mvelaphanda ya vhutsila (u tou ita na pfunzo), tshumisano vhukati ha tshitshavha na vha?we vhathu, u khwiniswa ha kutshilele.  Mbuelo dzine dza nga diswa nga muvhuso, vhalambedzi, kana thikhedzo ya NGO dzi angaredza: tsireledzo ya tshifhinga tshilapfu na pfanelo kha zwishumiswa na shango, u tsireledzea kha zwithu zwine zwa shushedza zwi bvaho nnda, u swikelela u koloda masheleni, thuso ya nyambedzano na sekithara dza phuraivete.  Farani nyambedzano nga ha izwi ni ite uri zwi talutshedzwe zwavhudi kha mu?we na mu?we u bva mathomoni ha thandela.
﻿6) Divhani zwauri mbuelo dzi bvaho kha CBNRM dzi nga si tandulule thaidzo dzothe kha tshitshavha.  CBNRM i nga nekedza fhedzi thuso i si gathi ya u tandulula thodea dza vhathu.  I tea u vhoniwa sa ndila dza u engedzedza dzine mirado ya tshitshavha ya nga kona u diitela ndila ya u tshila.  Vhathu vha tea u tutuwedzwa u bvela phanda na nyito dzo fhambanaho hu si u fhulufhela tshothe mbuelo dzi bvaho kha CBNRM.  
﻿7) Avho vhane vha didina nga maanda kana vha shela mulenzhe nga maanda u fhirisa vha?we.  Vhane vha do xelelwa nga zwinzhi nga nthani ha ndila dzine CBNRM ya shandukisa kushumisele kwavho kwa mpho, vha tea u tikedzwa kha u bveledza dzi?we nyito dza u dzhenisa mbuelo.  Vha nga di wana dzi?we ndiliso (khamusi nga u tholiwa kha thandela).   Arali tshitshavha tshothe tshi tshi do dzhenelela, tshitshavha tshothe tshi tea u vhuelwa.  Vha?we vhathu vha do vhuelwa u fhirisa vha?we, nga u tholiwa nga i?we ndila.  Mirado ya tshitshavha vhane vha shela mulenzhe nga maanda kha matshimbidzele vha tea u lavhelela u vhuelwa nga maanda u fhirisa vha?we.  Hezwi zwi tea u reriwa na u andaniwa khazwo u bva hu tshi tou thomiwa, sa izwi zwi tshi nga bveledza khudano arali zwa nga vhetshelwa u do ambiwa nga murahu.  
﻿8) Lavhelelani u bvelela ha zwithu zwi sa pfesesei na dzikhudano.  Kha tshigwada tshi?we na tshi?we tsha vhathu, nga maanda hune ha vha na tshelede, kana hune ha vha ho vhewa ndila dza uri vhathu vha nga langula hani zwishumiswa, khudano dzi do vha hone.  Diimiseleni hezwi, ni edzise u shumana nazwo phanda ha musi zwi tshi hulela.  Zwi a thusa u ita zwauri hu vhe na vhudavhidzano havhudi nahone hu si na tshiphiri, na u tendela vhathu vha tshi amba mihumbulo yavho na dzimbilalelo.  Hezwi zwi tea u ambiwa mu?we na mu?we a tshi khou zwi pfa na u fhindulwa nga ndila yo teaho. 
﻿9) Itani zwauri mu?we na mu?we a divhe uri ndi tshipida tshifhio tshine a tea u ita tshone, na vhudifhinduleli hawe.  Farani mitangano tshifhinga tshothe u itela uri mu?we na mu?we a divhe uri a nga shela hani mulenzhe kha mushumo, na uri u khou ita zwe zwa pfaniwa khazwo.  Itani mulayotewa na maga ane a tea u tevhedzwa kha mishumo yo fhambanaho musi ni tshi thoma.
﻿10) Sedzesani nga maanda kha tshitshavha na kha vhashumisani vha nnda.  Hu tea u vha na vhudavhidzano havhudi vhukati ha muthu mu?we na mu?we tshifhinga tshothe.  U engedzedza kha vhunzhi ha mitangano ya fomala, vhaimeleli vhahulwane vha tshitshavha vha tea u vha vhe hone vho imelalela mirado ya tshitshavha na vhashumisani.  Izwi zwi do thusa kha u tandulula thaidzo kana mvelaphanda ntswa musi dzi tshi bvelela. 
﻿11) Divhani zwauri zwi do dzhia tshifhinga uri mbuelo khulwane dzi vhonale.  Kha thandela dza CBNRM, mushumo munzhi u anzela u engedzedzwa phanda ha musi mbuelo dza vhukuma dzi tshi kaniwa.  Mushumo wa ndeme wa vhaimeleli vha tshitshavha ndi wa u ita zwauri tshitshavha tshi dzule tshi na mafulufulu na u shela mulenzhe ngeno hu si na mbuelo dzi vhonalaho dza masheleni dzine dza khou bviswa.  Nga tshifhinga tshenetsho, farani nyambedzano na muvhuso na vha?we vhashumisani nga ha mbuelo dzine dza nga tavhanya.
﻿12) Itani zwauri vhathu vha divhe uri zwishumiswa na shango lavho zwi dzhena hani kha tshifanyiso tsha pholisi ya lushaka na ya lifhasi.  Todani thuso ya vhashumisani na thikhedzo ya madzangano uri ni swikelele hezwi. Vhathu vha tea u divha nga ha dzipholisi dza muvhuso dzine dza kwama zwishumiswa zwa mupo na kushumiselwe kwazwo na ndangulo yazwo.  Vhathu vha tea u pfesesa uri u shela mulenzhe havho hu dzhena hani kha mushumo wo tandavhuwaho wa CBNRM kha shango, Afrika, na kha lifhasi lothe.  
﻿Milayo ya fumimbili ya vhashumi
﻿1) Zwine na khou toda zwone kha zwi dzule zwi khagala na u alusa thanganelano kha vhuimo hothe.  Tshivhalo tsha zwishumiswa zwine zwa nga shumiswa, tshaka dzo fhambanaho dza mishumo ine ya nga thusa kha CBNRM, na zwinzhi zwo fhambanaho zwa u bveledza tshelede mutani, thusani tshitshavha uri tshi kone u pfesesa.  Zwithu izwi zwi vha thusa hafhu kha u vhuelela kha tshiimo tsha kale nga murahu ha tshanduko dzi songo lavhelelwaho dza zwa polotiki, ikonomi na ekholodzhi, ngauri makumba avho haho kha tshithatha tshithihi. 
﻿2) Langulani na u lavhelesa zwishumiswa zwa mupo nga vhuronwane.  Mutheo wa zwishumiswa zwa mupo ndi tshiimiswa tsha ndeme tsha u fhata CBNRM. Arali mutheo uyu wa nga tshinyadzwa, a hu tshena u dzhenelela kha CBNRM.  Wanani mafhungo ane a vha a vhukuma nga ha dziphatheni dza u shumiswa ha zwishumiswa (nga ma?we maipfi, hu shumiswa mini, kha mini, ndi nnyi ane a tshi shumisa, tshi shumiswa lungana nahone lini) na khonadzeo ya zwibveledzwa zwa ekhsisteme phanda hu tshi itiwa nyandano dza fomala.  Bindudzani tshipida tshi pfalaho nahone tsho teaho tsha phurofiti kha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo.  Tshenzhemo yo sumbedza zwauri 10% u swika kha 20% ya phurofiti yo tea.  Tshivhalo tsha vhukuma tshi do bva kha vhuimo. 
﻿3) Vhumbani madzangano a kha vhupo.  U itela uri hu vhe na muhumbulo wo khwathaho wa vhune kha vhupo, tshivhumbeo tshapo tsha ndangulo tshi tea u ita zwa ndangulo na u ita tsheo.  U swika he zwa tea hone, shumisani madzangano ane a vha hone u fhirisa u vhumba maswa.  Dzhiani tsheo yo teaho nga ha izwi nahone i songo litsha ndivho dza CBNRM arali zwi zwa ndeme uri hu vhe na zwivhumbeo zwiswa. Tshivhumbeo itshi tshi do toda thikhedzo yo teaho na vhugudisi ho teaho kha u ita mishumo iyi.  Tshi do tea u dzula tshi tshi tikedzwa.  Zwi divheni zwauri u fhata vhukoni ndi maitele ane a dzhia tshifhinga tshilapfu.
﻿4) Vhonani zwauri CBNRM i bveledza mbuelo dza vhukuma, zwa zwino na nga murahu, kha vhathu vha vhupo honoho.  Vhonani zwauri mbuelo dza vhukuma kha vhadzulapo dzi elana zwavhudi na mitengo yapo ya u vhulunga na ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo.  Vhadzulapo vha tshila vhutshilo ho ?alelwaho nga zwithu zwinzhi, nahone shango li khou tahela.  Vha nga si vhulunge tshifhinga, shango na zwi?we zwishumiswa kha CBNRM nga nn?a ha musi hu na mbuelo dzi vhonalaho dzine dza vhonala.  Vhonani zwauri hu vhe na makete wa thundu kana tshumelo dzo nekedzwaho nga CBNRM.  ?walani pulane i pfalaho ya bindu ni tshi khou itela thandela.  Pulane i ?o tandulula hafhu mbudziso ya lanu lavhudi, na u fana ha zwithu, kana u nekedzwa ha zwithu u ya nga tshifhinga.  
﻿5) Lavhelelani tshivhalo tshihulwane tsho fhambanaho kha vhuimo vhu?we na vhu?we, na u langula tshiimo tshi?we na tshi?we nga ndila ine ya si fane na i?we.  Thomani milayo ya kha vhupo honoho, khoudu dza vhudifari na ?ndila dza u ita zwithu?, nga u dzula ni tshi khou guda na u edzisela.  Divhani zwauri dzipholisi dza muvhuso wa lushaka, wa vundu na wapo na zwitirathedzi ni zwi shumise nga ndila ine na nga vhuelwa ngayo.  A hu na ndila ine na nga tevhedza yone kha CBNRM.  Shumisani ngudo dze na guda kha tshenzhemo ya kale, ni lavhelese tshifhinga tshothe.
﻿6) Itani pulane ya ndangulo.  Thomani nga zwa ndeme, pulane ya henefho ya mvelaphanda, sethe ya milayo, ni fhate khayo.  Wanani ngeletshedzo i bvaho kha mudivhi fhedzi vhonani zwauri pulane i khou swikelela thodea dza vhupo honoho.
﻿7) Shumisani vhatshimbidzi vha na vhutsila na vha?we vhatikedzi na vhaeletshedzi vhane na nga vha fhulufhela kha zwine vha khou ita zwone.  Ndivho khulwane ndi ya uri mishumo ya CBNRM i tea u bvela phanda hu si na u tshimbidzwa nga vhathu vha nnda, fhedzi izwi zwi nga dzhia tshifhinga tshilapfu vhukuma.  Kha vhu?we vhuimo (vhu fanaho na u maketa) vhu nga nekedzwa nga mushumisani a bvaho nn?a.  Hezwi zwi itea kha vhuimo vhunzhi ha mabindu.  
﻿8) Vhonani zwauri vhathu vho teaho vha khou shela mulenzhe kha CBNRM. Dzhenisani vhathu vhane vha vha na vhutsila, mafulufulu na u diimisela vhane vha kona u kwamana na vha?we hu si na vhuleme.  Mu?we na mu?we (zwitshavha, vhasheli vha mulenzhe vha muvhusoni, vhatikedzi) vha tea u thola ?muhali? o diimiselaho kha mushumo mu?we na mu?we na ?iga. Engedzedzani tshivhalo tsha vharangaphanda nga u fha vhathu vhane vha vha na tshenzhemio vhudifhinduleli, na u vha fha thikhedzo yo teaho na u vha lavhelesa. 
﻿9) Lavhelelani khudano na u lwela vhuimo, ni zwi pulanele hu tshe na tshifhinga.  Nndwa ya vhuimo kha vhadzulapo i thoma u vha hone musi vha tshi thoma u vhona zwauri hu na mbuelo dzi vhonalaho, nahone tshitshavha a tsho nga farana na luthihi.  Tandululani khudano nga u tavhanya.
﻿10) Fhatani vhushaka na vhashumisani vha nn?a ni shume nga maanda uri ni swikelele hezwi.  Shumisanani na ma?we madzangano na sekithara dza phuraivete, ni a vhee kha vhuimo hao.  Vhonani zwauri na vhone vha a vhuelwa nga u shumisana na inwi, fhedzi ni zwi divhe zwauri izwi zwi nga bveledza phambano ntswa.   Arali vhashumisani vha nnda (vhathu vha vhuraru) vha tshi khou kwamea kha zwithu zwa ndeme zwa kha mbekanyamushumo, u fana na u kana zwishumiswa, u shumisana navho kha u langula na u lavhelesa nyito dzavho.  
﻿11) Vhungoho ha mugaganyagwama. Hu khou todea tshifhinga tshinzhi na tshelede uri u shela mulenzhe na tshumisano zwi kone u shuma.  Ndangulo yo tanganelanaho i a dura, na u dzhia tshifhinga tshilapfu, u fhirisa ndangulo yo dowelelaho, fhedzi i shuma zwavhudi nga murahu ha tshifhinga.  Mbuelo khulwane ndi ya uri ndangulo i nekedza kuvhonele kwo fhambanaho na u thusa kha u tanganelana ha zwithu zwinzhi zwo fhambanaho zwa CBNRM.
﻿12) Bvelani khagala ni fhulufhedzee.  Fhedzani tshifhinga tshinzhi ni tshi khou fara nyambedzano ni edzise u wana ndila ya khwine.  Ni songo omisa thoho kha zwigwada zwine zwa vha na dzangalelo.  Davhidzanani nga ha mihumbulo yanu, na nga zwitirathedzi tshifhinga tshothe, nahone zwi tshi pfala, kha mu?we na mu?we musi ni tshi kha di tou thoma.  Tutuwedzani uri hu vhe na u bvela khagala, u vhudzisa dzimbudziso na u fara nyambedzano tshifhinga tshothe.  Itani zwauri mihumbulo i bvaho kha zwigwada zwothe i dzheniswe kha pulane dza vhumatshelo.
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﻿Milayo ya mahumi mararu ya vhaiti vha dzipholisi
﻿1) Vhonani zwauri matshimbidzele a angaredza vhathu vhothe, a a edziselea na u tendelela tshi?we na tshi?we.  Dzhenisani tshitshavha musi hu tshi kha di thomiwa u bveledzwa pholisi.  Itani nga nungo dzothe uri hu dzheniswe n?ivho i pfalaho ya vhupo honoho na n?ivho ya sialala kha dzipholisi hune zwa vha zwo tea.  Zwi a konadzea uri pholisi i edziselwe na u shandukiswa hu tshi khou shumiswa tshenzhemo. 
﻿2) Mabambiri a dzipholisi a tea u leluwa u a pfesesa na u a wana.  Zwiga zwihulwane kha zwi vhewe nga ndila yo leluwaho.  Ni songo shumisa luambo lwu kondaho na u fha ndaela dzine dza konda.
﻿3) Vhumbani dzipholisi dzo tandavhuwaho, dzine dza angaredza dza muvhuso wa lushaka na wa vundu dzine dza vhumba mutheo une khawo ha nga fhatiwa milayo yapo.  Tumanyani dzipholisi dza vhupo honoho na matshimbidzele a IDP na u dzhenisa vhavhusi vha henefho.  Muvhuso wapo, na matshimbidzele a IDP nga maanda, zwi nekedza mutheo wa u tanganelana kha vhuimo hapo.  Nga murahu ha izwi, siani tshikhala tsha vhathu vhapo uri vha vhee milayo yavho, vha tshi khou shumisa n?ivho na mvelele. 
﻿4) Livhani kha u do fhedza ni tshi fha ndangulo kha vhone vhane kha vhashumisi vha zwishumiswa zwa mupo, musi vho no wana vhugudisi ho teaho na vhutsila.   Ifhani vhathu tsireledzo ya tshifhinga tshilapfu na pfanelo kha zwishumiswa na shango.  Vhathu vha toda u divha he vha ima hone na zwine vha nga wana zwone phanda ha musi vha tshi bindudza tshifhinga tshavho na masheleni kha ndangulo ya zwishumiswa.  
﻿5) Dzhenisani vhothe vhashela mulenzhe vhane vha nga tutuwedza matshimbidzele, kana vhane vha kwamea nga matshimbidzele.  Dzhielani ntha mushumo wa vharangaphanda vha sialala kha vhupo vhune vha vha na vhupfiwa khaho. 
﻿6) Muhasho mu?we na mu?we u tea u sedza uri hu na u tevhedza milayo, dzipholisi, na pfano dzapo. I tea hafhu ya sedzulusa zwavhudi mishumo ya vhaofisiri vha mihasho.
﻿7) Dzipholisi dzi tea u vha na maano. Dzifaini na dzi?we khethekanyo dzi tea u konda dzi tshi bvela phanda musi mulayo wo pfukiwa.  Tendelani vhaofisiri vha re fhasi vha tshi shumisa tsheo yavho musi vha tshi khou shumisa mulayo.  Divhani zwauri vhuimo vhu?we na vhu?we a vhu fani na hu?we. 
﻿8) Vheani thodea dzi re khagala dza vhathu vha henefho phanda ha musi ndangulo ya zwishumiswa zwa mupo i tshi nga vhewa khavho.  Hezwi zwi angaredza: u vha na ndangulo yo tou nangiwaho; u thoma zwiimiswa zwa mulayo zwi ngaho sa ?hirasithi, Thundu/Ndaka ya Vho?he (Common Property) kana Khethekanyo ya 21 ya khamphani, i sumbedzaho vhuimo ha fhasisa kha vhukoni ha ndangulo, u vha na sisiteme ya u lavhesa. U ita mbetshelwa ya thikhedzo ya thekhinikhala i bvaho nnda ya u thusa zwitshavha u thoma hezwi.
﻿9) U fhata vhukoni. U thoma tshikwama tsha vhugudisi ha CBNRM, u dzulela u bveledza vhutsila ha vhashumisa vha kha honoho vhupo ha u langula zwishumiswa zwavho, na vha?we vhashela mulenzhe, hu tshi angaredzwa na mivhuso ya masipala, u dzula vhe tshipida tsha matshimbidzele.
﻿10) U pfuka mikano vhukati ha mazhendedzi, kana u fhata maburoho a u pfuka mikano iyi.  Zhendedzi li?we na li?we li tea u talutshedza mushumo walo kha u shumiswa ho tanganelaho na shango, na u vha khagala uri li do itisa hani mushumo walo.  Mazhendedzi a tea u bvisa poswo dza tshipeshala dza CBNRM kha vhuimo ho fhambanaho, na u nekedza vhugudisi ho teaho na u lambedza izwi.    Zwigwada zwa u shuma zwa mazhendedzi a CBNRM ane a pfukela zwi tea u thomiwa kha vhuimo ha muvhuso, ha lushaka na ha vundu.
﻿11) Wanani mafhungo a vhukuma phanda ha musi ni tshi saina pfano ya fomala. Ikonomi na khonadzeo ya mbuelo ya pfano ya u kovhekana, ndangulo yo tanganelanaho, na u fhiriselwa ha shango kha mu?we na dzi?we thundu zwi tea u sa timatimisa.
﻿12) Itani zwauri zwi leluwe kha zwitshavha uri zwi kane mbuelo dza masheleni dzi bvaho kha CBNRM.  Tsumbo dzi angaredza: u tendela u fhiriselwa ha thundu dzine dza rengisea kha tshitshavha; u tendela thendelo kana ?aisentse dzi tshi rengiselwa muthu wa vhuraru (u fana na mushumisani kha sekithara ya phuraivete), nga fhasi ha vhu?we vhuimo; u fhungudza maanda kha zwi?we zwigwada (nga maanda avho vhane vha sa tou konesa Tshiisimane). 
﻿13) Fulufhedzisani vhathu mbuelo dzine dzine dza si vhe dza masheleni dzi fanaho na: thikhedzo na tsireledzo ya mulayo kha mikano hu u shavhisa u shushedzwa hu bvaho nnda; thekhinikhala, thikhedzo kha vhadzulapo kha ndangulo ya nyito dzavho; u bveledza phanda u fhata vhukoni kha zwitshavha zwapo, u vha thusa uri uri vha langule vhupo havho na zwishumiswa zwavhudi; u swikelela khadzimiso ya tshelede na tshelede ya u thoma bindu; u thusa kha u fara nyambedzano na dzisekitha ra dza phuraivete.
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﻿BUGU DZO SHUMISWAHO NA DZA U BVELA PHANDA NA U VHALA
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﻿Borrini-Feyerabend, G., Farvar, M., Nguinguiri, J., Ndangang, V. (2000).  Co-Management of Natural Resources: Organising, Negotiating and Learning by Doing. GTZ & IUCN, Germany.
﻿Campbell, B., Mandondo, A., Sithole, B., De Jong, W., Luckert, M. &  Matose, F. (2001). Challenges to the Proponents of Common Property Resource Systems: Despairing Voices from the Social Forests of Zimbabwe. World Development 29(4): 589- 600.
﻿Castro, A. P. & Nielson, E. (2001). Indigenous people and co-management: implications for conflict management. Environmental Science and Policy 4: 229-239.
﻿Dept. of Environmental Affairs & Tourism (1999). Responsible tourism guidelines. Dept. of Environmental Affairs & Tourism, Pretoria.
﻿Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (1996). South African Water Law Review Process: The Philosophy and Practice of  Integrated Catchment Management: Implications for Water Resource Management in South Africa. WRC report No. TT 81/96.
﻿Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (2002). Framework for the PFM programme of the Directorate: Indigenous Forest Management. Dept. of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria.
﻿Department of Water Affairs and Forestry and WRC (2002). Catchment Management in South Africa: Turning Policy into Practice. Report on the outcome of a symposium and workshops held on 15 an 16 February 2000. WISA, DWAF, WRC.
﻿Fabricius, C. & Koch, E., with H. Magome & S. Turner (eds.) (2003). Rights, Resources and Rural Development: Community-Based Natural Resource Management  in Southern Africa. Earthscan, London.
﻿Fabricius, C. & De Wet C. (2002). The influence of forced removals and land restitution on conservation in South Africa. Pp. 149-165 in: Conservation and mobile indigenous peoples: displacement, forced resettlement and conservation, edited by D. Chatty and M. Colchester.  Bergahn Books, Oxford.
﻿Fabricius, C., Koch, E. and Magome, H. (2001). Community wildlife management in Southern Africa: Challenging the assumptions of Eden. Evaluating Eden Series No. 6. IIED, London.
﻿Fabricius, C., Koch, E. and Magome, H. (2001). Towards strengthening Collaborative Ecosystems Management: Lessons From Environmental Conflict and Political Change in South Africa. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 31: 831 ? 844. 
﻿Fabricius C. (2002).  A social Ecology Policy for South African National Parks. SANParks and DANCED, Pretoria. 
﻿Hobley, M., Sheilds, D. (2000). The Reality of Trying to Transform Structures and Processes: Forestry in Rural Livelihoods. ODI Working Paper 132. Chameleon Press, London.
﻿Hulme, D. & Murphree M. (eds.) (2001). African Wildlife & Livelihoods. James Currey, Oxford.
﻿IUCN World commission on Protected Areas, and World Wildlife Fund. Joint policy statement: Principles and guidelines on indigenous and traditional peoples and protected areas. Available on-line: http://www.iucn.org/themes/spg/New/
﻿guidelines/guideengspan.pdf
﻿Jones, B. T. B. (1999). Community-based natural resource management in Botswana and Namibia: An inventory and preliminary analysis of progress. Evaluating Eden Discussion Paper No. 6. IIED, London.
﻿Khare, A., Sarin, M., Saxena, N., Palit, S., Bathla, S., Vania, F., Satyanarayana, M. (2000). Joint Forest Management: Policy, Practice and Prospects. IIED, London.
﻿Republic of South Africa, 2001. Integrated Sustainable Rural Development Strategy. Available online: www.gov.za/reports/2000/isrds.pdf
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﻿Republic of South Africa, Department of Land Affairs, 2001. Policy for the integration of environmental planning into the land reform process. Pretoria.
﻿Republic of South Africa, Department of Provincial and Local Government. Integrated Development Planning Guide-pack. Available online: www.salga.org.za/idp/gd0.pdf
﻿Republic of South Africa, Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (2001). Generic Public Participation Guidelines, Pretoria. 
﻿Republic of South Africa (1998). The National Water Act, Act No 36 of 1998. Pretoria.
﻿Rozemeijer, N., Gujadhur, T., Motshubi, C., Van den berg, E., Flyman, M. (2000) Community Based tourism in Botswana. SNV, Gaborone, Botswana. Available online: http://www.cbnrm.bw/CBTmain.pdf
﻿Sandwith, T. (1999). Community Conservation Programmes: Towards the development of a new policy and strategy. KwaZulu-Natal Nature Conservation Service.
﻿Shackleton, S. (2000). Generic Criteria and Indicators for Assessing the Sustainability of Common Property/Community Based Natural Resource Management Systems. First iteration of a framework for researchers and practitioners. Division of Water, Environment and Forestry Technology, CSIR, Pretoria.
﻿Shackleton, S., & Campbell, B. (2001). Devolution in Natural Resources Management: Institutional Arrangement and Power Shifts. A synthesis of case studies from Southern Africa. WWF-SARPO, CIFOR, CSIR, Bogor and Pretoria.
﻿Shackleton, S., Campbell, B., Wollenberg, E., Edmunds, D. (2002). Devolution and Community-Based Natural Resource Management: Creating Space for Local people to Participate and Benefit? ODI Natural Resource Perspectives, 76. Overseas Development Institute, London.
﻿Turner S. & Meer S. (2001). Conservation by the people in South Africa: findings from TRANSFORM monitoring and evaluation, 1999. PLAAS Research Report No. 7, 83 pages. GTZ, Dept. of Environmental Affairs & Tourism and University of the Western Cape, Cape Town. 
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﻿Thumetshedzo ya 1.  CBNRM i ?shuma hani?
﻿Zwine CBNRM ?ya shumisa zwone?, na buloko dzo fhambanaho dze ya fhatiwa ngadzo, zwi nga leludzwa kha nyolo (Tshifanyiso tsha 1). 
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﻿Buloko Khulwane dze CBNRM ya vhumbiwa ngadzo ndi ekhosiiteme na vhathu (Tshibogisi tsha 1 kha Tshifanyiso tsha 1).   Dzi?we buloko khulwane ndi: zwiimiswa zwa kha vhupo honoho (nga ma?we maipfi khoudu dza vhudifari, milayo); vhutsila na vhukoni nga u angaredza ha vhothe vhashela mulenzhe kha u vha zwipida zwa CBNRM; na zwishumiswa zwa ndeme na tshishumiswa tshine ngatsho ha itiwa mushumo.  Hezwi ndi zwine zwa thusa CBNRM, ine ya dzhenela kha matshimbidzele a CBNRM. 
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﻿Matshimbidzele a CBNRM a tutuwedzwa nga zwithu zwiraru: zwithu zwa nnda (?zwithu zwine zwa itea zwi tshi bva nnda?) u fana na midalo, magomelelo, na zwimangadzo zwa polotiki (Tshibogisi tsha II kha Tshifanyiso tsha 1); u dzhenelela hune ha bva nnda u fana na dzipholisi, thuso, nyambedzano, na u kombetshedza mulayo (Tshibogisi tsha IV kha Tshifanyiso tsha 1); na ndangulo ya kha vhupo honoho (Tshibogisi tsha IV kha Tshifanyiso tsha 1); na ndangulo ya nyito dza henefho na zwitirathedzhi ? zwithu zwine vhathu vha henefho vha zwi ita nga zwishumiswa zwa mupo (Tshibogisi tsha III kha Tshifanyiso tsha 1). 
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﻿Zwibveledzwa (?zwithu zwine zwa bveledzwa?) zwi bvaho kha CBNRM ndi hezwi sa tsumbo; lupfumo, tsireledzo khulwane ya zwishumiswa, pfunzo ya khwine, u fha maanda, u khwinisa kutshilele na vhukoni ha u khwiniswa ha ekhosisteme (Tshibogisi tsha V kha Tshifanyiso tsha 1).  Zwivhumbi izwi zwo fhambanaho zwi tangana zwothe tshifhinga tshothe.   Vhukoni hazwo na hune zwa kundelwa hone, na tshivhalo na vhudi, zwi a fhambana tshifhinga tshothe.  Nga nthani ha izwi, zwibveledzwa zwi dzula zwi tshi shanduka.  U bvela phanda kha CBNRM hu nga vha hu ho dzulaho ho vhewa kana ndi ho buliwaho. 
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﻿Vhatshimbidzi, vhalambedzi, vhathu vha vhupo honoho na vhaiti vha dzipholisi, vha nga tutuwedza zwibveledzwa zwa CBNRM nga u dzhenelela havho na nyito dza ndangulo na zwitirathedzhi.  Fhedzi vhunzhi ha zwine zwa bvelela kha CBNRM a si zwine vhathu vha vhupo uho vha nga kona u zwi langa (zwiwo zwi bvaho nnda kha Tshibogisi tsha II). Maga aya a livha kha u thusa vhathu vhane vha shela mulenzhe kha CBNRM (zwitshavha, vhatshimbidzi na vhaiti vha dzipholisi nga maanda) uri vha shumise vhunzhi ha zwithu izwi zwa CBNRM zwine vha nga kona u zwi bveledza, na u tevhedza na zwithu zwi bvaho nnda zwine khazwo vha vha na maanda matuku.  
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﻿Sa izwi hu na zwithu zwinzhi na vhathu vhanzhi vha kwameaho kha vhunzhi ha matshimbidzele a CBNRM, hu na khonadzeo khulwane ya uri zwithu zwi nga si tshimbile zwavhudi.  Ndivho nthihi khulwane ya maga aya ndi ya u thusa vhashela mulenzhe uri vha wane zwibveledzi zwa thaidzo, pulane ya u thivhela dzithaidzo na u thivhela idzo dzine dza bvelela. 
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